2022-2023学年北京市海淀区高一（下）期末考试英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年北京市海淀区高一（下）期末考试英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共11小题，共22.0分）ADoyouknowsomeonewhohasahardtimeopeningbottlesorjarsathome?Eighth-gradestudentsinMarkBolt'sengineeringclassweretaskedwithmakingchangestoaproducttomakeiteasierforpeoplewithchallengestouse.Ratherthanrequiringstep-by-stepdirectionsforcreatingtheirprojects,Mr.Boltpreferredtoleavestudents'creativepathsopen.Let'sseesomeofthestudents'products.ADeviceThatEasilyOpensBottlesTofindasolutionforhergrandmotherwhohaddifficultyinopeningbottles,Alanalookedatexistingbottleopenersandthenshecreatedherown.Sheusedapieceofwoodshapedlikeacellphone.Next,shemadethreeholesofdifferentsizesinthewoodsothattheycouldmatchcommonbottlecapsizes.Eachholealsohadalayerofdried,stickyhotglue,whichprovidedafirmgripforthebottlecaps.Withasimpletwistofthedevice,hergrandmothercouldopenbottleswithouthelp.ACoffeeCupWithASupportive"Thumb"Duetoarthritis,adiseasethatcausespaininoraroundthejoints,Robert'sgrandfatherhadtroubleholdingacoffeecup.Robertsimplifiedarobotic"thirdthumb"devicecreatedbyaLondondesigner.Heusedrubberbandsanda3D-printedplasticformtomaketheextra"thumb"whichcanfirmlysupportthebottomofacup.AReadingToolMichaelnoticedhowdyslexia—acommonreadingdisorder,madeitdifficultforafriendtofollowalongonpagesfulloftext.Itisalanguage-processingcondition.Thebraintendstoconfusetheorderofnumbers,lettersandotherimages.So,Michaelcreatedasmalladjustablewindow-blind-styledevice."Myfriendcouldisolatesmallsectionsoftextwhilereading,"hesaid.1.Alana'sgrandmothercouldopenbottleseasilyby______.A.stickingbottlecapstothedevice

B.connectingthedevicetoacellphone

C.twistingthedevicethathasholesinit

D.cuttingholesofdifferentsizesinwood2.WhatdidRobertdotohelphisgrandfather?A.Hereformedaprocesstoformametal"thumb".

B.Hecreatedasimpler"thumb"deviceinthecup.

C.Headdedplasticmaterialstothe"thumb"device.

D.Heusedbandsanda3D-printedformtomakea"thumb".3.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethestudentsinthepassage?A.Independentandpatient. B.Creativeandconsiderate.

C.Ambitiousandhardworking. D.Open-mindedandgenerous.BSportshavebeenabigpartofmylife.Iplayedflagfootballinelementaryschoolandmiddleschool.Inhighschool,beforeIgothurt,Iwasontheswimteamandtrackteam.ItwasthesummergoingintomysenioryearwhenIwashitbyacar.Thedoctorinformedmethattherewasnohopeoffullrecovery.Asasixteen-year-oldboy,youhavealotofself-doubtsandaretryingtofindoutwhoyouare.So,youthrowinanaccidentontopofthatanditkindofthrewaloopintothingsforme.Itwasdefinitelyhard,thephysicalpainoftherapy,andlearninghowtolivelife.Andtherewastheemotionalpain,too.Thementalsufferingofbeingparalyzed(瘫痪)ismoreseverethanthephysicalpain.WhenIwasinthehospital,oneoftheguysfromtheUniversityofWisconsin(UW)thatplayedontheWhitewaterwheelchairbasketballteamvisited.Hetoldmeaboutadaptivesports,andIthoughtthatsoundedgood.HegavemyinformationtothelocaljuniorwheelchairbasketballcoachinMilwaukee.IstartedplayingthatOctober.Playingbasketballwasareallygoodthingforme.Itletmeseeabunchofdifferentpeopleinthesamesituationasme.Itwasgoodtohaveagroupoffriendsforsupport.IstudiedatSouthwestMinnesotaStateUniversityforthreeyearsandthentransferredtoUW-Whitewaterformysenioryear.Iwasinvitedin2013totryoutfortheNationalTeamandmadeit.Thatwasalwaysmygoal.Alotofpeoplewouldaskmewhatmybackupplanwas—Ididn'thaveone,tobehonest.TheParalympicsisthepinnacleofoursports.It'sbeenprettyeasyformetostaymotivated.Wewerethebestteaminthe2016Paralympics.Andthisteamwaswaytoogoodjusttowinonemedal,soIhadtobebackin2020.I'mnotsurerightnowaboutgettingreadyforthe2024Paralympics.Theteamisgrowingandgoingthroughsometurnover.Ihonestlydon'tknowwhatmyfutureholds.IjustwanttobearoundthepeoplethatIcareaboutandcareaboutme—whetherthat'sontheNationalTeam,orjustmyfriendsbackhome.Theyaremysecurityblanket,thegoodpeopleinmylife.However,onethingI'msureisthatplayingbasketballisstillnumberone,withafocusontheParalympics.NowIamsignedasaplayerwithateamoverinSpainandI'mexploringwhatthenextchaptersofmylifemightbelike.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph2referto?A.Beingunabletodosports.

B.Beinghitbyacaratsixteen.

C.Feelinguncertainabouthimself.

D.Sufferingphysicalandmentalpains.5.Whathelpedtheauthorregainpassionforsportsaftertheaccident?A.Playingwheelchairbasketball.

B.TransferringtoUW-Whitewater.

C.TryingoutfortheNationalTeam.

D.Winningamedalinthe2016Paralympics.6.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A.Heplanstoswitchtoflagfootballinthefuture.

B.HewillgraduatefromUW-Whitewaterin2024.

C.Hewantstoplaybasketballatthe2024Paralympics.

D.HeintendstocoachwheelchairbasketballplayersinSpain.7.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howplayingbasketballempoweredtheauthor.

B.Howpeoplearoundtheauthorsupportedhim.

C.Howtheauthor'sbackupplanshapedhim.

D.Howtheauthorenjoyedhiscollegelife.CHaveyoueverboughtanewcarandstartednoticingtheexactcolorandmodelofcareverywhere?Hasthattypeofcarjustbecomepopularinyourcity?Weretheytherebefore?Orareyoujustgoingcrazy?You'renotgoingcrazy.Thereasonyouarenowjustnoticingthemiswhatpsychologistscall"priming".Basically,thecarswerealwaysthere.Youjustdidn'trecognizethemconsciously.However,whenthatcertainmodelofcarbecomespartofyourconsciousthinking,youstart"automatically"recognizingalloftheothercarsthatarethesame,becauseyouarealready"primed"todoso.Theprimingeffecttakesmanyforms.Inonestudy,studentswereaskedtowalkaroundaroomfor5minutesatarateof30stepsperminute,whichwasaboutone-thirdtheirnormalpace.Afterthisbriefexperience,theparticipantsweremuchquickertorecognizewordsrelatedtooldage,suchasforgetful,old,andlonely.Reciprocalprimingeffectstendtoproduceacoherentreaction:ifyouareprimedtothinkofoldage,youwouldtendtoactold,andactingoldwouldreinforcethethoughtofoldage.Thisresearchshowsthatthewaywethinkinfluencesthewayweact,andthewayweactinfluencesthewaywethink.AsimilarconclusionwasreachedbytheAmericanpsychologistWilliamJamesacenturyago,butheemphasizedtheeffectonfeeling."Actionsseemtofollowfeeling,butreallyactionsandfeelinggotogether;andbyregulatingtheaction,whichisunderthemoredirectcontrolofthewill,wecanindirectlyregulatethefeeling,whichisnot.Thusthepathtocheerfulness,shouldourcheerfulnessbelost,istositupcheerfullyandtoactandspeakasifcheerfulnesswerealreadythere."So,that'sit.Ifyouwanttobehappy,justsitupandacthappy.Basedonthesescientificfindings,wecanadoptcertainprimingeffectstohelpmakeourselvesconsistentlyhappier.Onethingwehaveincommonisourabilitytothink,andthusfeel.Pleasantthoughtshavebeenproventoproducethechemicalsthatmakeusfeelhappy,particularlythoughtsandfeelingsofgratitude.Whenwepurposefullygothroughandthinkaboutthethingswe’regratefulforanddeliberatelyfeelasmuchgratitudeaswecan,wearefloodingourmindwiththe"happychemicals".Furthermore,byconsciouslythinking,feelingandexpressinggratitude,wewillnotonlybehappierinthemoment,wewillbe"primed"torecognizethethingsinourlifetoappreciate.Eachtimethishappens,the"happychemicals"willbeproduced.Dothiseverydayandwewillbecomeconsistentlyhappier.Thismakesupforthemomentaryhappinesswegainfromeatingchocolateorbuyingnewclothes.Morethanthat,combiningthoughtsofgratitudewithhappyactslikesmilingandlaughingwillhaveasupplementarypositiveeffectonourstateofmind.8.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoftheprimingeffect?A.Walkingmuchfasterafterattendingalectureaboutoldage.

B.Donatingmoneytothepoorafterseeingpicturesofcutecats.

C.Learningaboutvarioustypesofcarsafterpurchasingthefirstcar.

D.CompletingSO_PasSOUPratherthanSOAPafterseeingthewordEAT.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"reciprocal"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Related. B.Two-way. C.Well-rounded. D.Opposite.10.Whatwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Eatingorshoppingleadstoconsistentfeelingsofhappiness.

B.Ourwillhasgreatercontroloveremotionsthanoveractions.

C.Happychemicalsmakeusthinkaboutthethingswe’regratefulfor.

D.Practicinggratitudefrequentlypreparesusforlong-termhappiness.11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PrimeYourselftoBeHappier

B.ShareHappinesstoEnhanceWellbeing

C.WhyGratitudeIsImportantinPsychology

D.HowHappyChemicalsAffectPeople’sThoughts二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）WorkingTogethertoSavetheSeaTurtlesFloridahassomeofthebestbeachesintheworld.Thousandsofpeoplevisitthestatetoenjoythesand.Butthesebeachesarealsohometofivespeciesofseaturtles.Amajorproblemisfacingtheseinterestingcreatures.

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SohowdoFloridiansprotectthesespecialanimals?SomevolunteersandresearchersinFloridatakedirectactiontohelptheturtles.Theylookcloselyatthesandtofindthefin(鳍)marksthemotherseaturtlesleftthere.

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Whenthey'vefiguredoutwheretheeggswerelaid,theymarktheareaoffsothatnoonedisturbstheeggs.Theyalsocollectinformationaboutthenestsandtrackstohelppeoplestudyingseaturtles.ThesearenottheonlyFloridianstakingactiontohelpprotectthesecreatures.Florida'sgovernmenthaspassedlawstosavetheturtles.Oneoftheselawsis"Florida'sMarineTurtleProtectionAct".Thislawprohibitsanyonefromdisturbingordestroyingmarineturtles,nests,oreggs.

(14)

AnotherwayFloridiansworktogethertosavethesecreaturesisthroughorganizationsliketheSeaTurtleConservancy.TheSeaTurtleConservancyhelpspeopletakestepsthatwillhelpreducethethreatsthatputseaturtlesindanger.Forinstance,brightlightsonbuildingsnearthebeachcannegativelyimpactseaturtles.Babyseaturtlesusuallyhatchonthesandybeachandheadtotheocean.Whentherearebrightlightscomingfromtheothersideoftheshorefarfromtheocean,thebabyturtlesgetconfused.

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Tohelpsavetheseturtles,TheSeaTurtleConservancyworkswithpropertyownerstomakelightingintheirbuildingsseaturtle-friendly.TheyalsoencourageFloridaresidentstoturnofftheirlightsatnightiftheyliveclosetoabeach.

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Sometimes,turtlesmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish.Theyeatthistrashanddie.Floridaresidentscanvolunteerforbeachclean-upsandmakesuretopickuptheirownlitter.Theycanalsovoteforstateleaderswhowanttoprotecttheseaturtles'habitats.Everyindividualinthecommunityhasthepowertomakeadifference!

A.Manyofthemdonotmakeittotheoceananddie.

B.Someoftheseturtlespeciesareindangerofgoingextinct.

C.Thishelpsthemtolocatewheretheseaturtleslaidtheireggs.

D.Italsohelpsmakesurethatseaturtles'naturalhabitatsareprotected.

E.Femaleseaturtlescomefromtheoceanandontothesebeachesatnight.

F.Theyusetheirfinstomovebackacrossthebeachandreturntotheocean.

G.EveryFloridiancandotheirparttoprotectseaturtlesandtheirenvironment.12.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G13.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G14.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G15.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共15.0分）Sachininvestedeverythinghehadandborrowedsomemoneyfromfriendstostarthistextilebusiness.Despitehisbesteffortstomaintaintop

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inhisproducts,hewasonlygettingsmallprojectsandtheearningswerenotsufficientto

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itsbasiccost.Hisfriendsstartedaskingfortheirmoneyback,leavinghimfeelingdefeated.Oneday,whilesittingonafarm,Sachinmetafarmerwhoaskedhimwhyhelookedsodown.Sachinexplainedhisbusinesswasn'tgivinghimthe

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he'dhopedforandthathewasthinkingofsellingit.ThefarmerthentookSachintoseeamangotreeandabambootree."Boththetreeswereplantedatthesametime,

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nurturedwithwater,fertilizer,andsunshine.Inthefirsttwoyears,themangotreegrewquickly,whilethebambootreeremainedrelativelydormant(休眠的).Itcontinuedforthethirdandfourthyears.Inthefifthyear,themangotreestarted

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fruits.Still,therewereno

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ofgrowthinthebambootree.Myfellowfarmerstoldmenottowasteanytimeonit.ButInevergaveup.Oneweeklater,therewasa

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growthinthebambootree.Thenwithinsixweeks,thetreegrewto100feet.Actually,inthefirstfouryears,itwasdevelopingitsrootdeepundergroundforastrongbaseforoutsidegrowth."Sachinrealizedthatthesameprinciple

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hisbusiness.Hewentbacktohisfriends,requestedformoretimeandthenbeganexploringopportunitiestogetbigorders.Inthethirdmonth,a(n)

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orderfromamultinationalcompanyworthmillionsofdollarscamein.Sachinandhisteamdeliveredtheorderontime,maintainingtheirhighstandards,andthecompanycontinuedtogivethemmoreorders.Eventually,Sachin'sbusinessbecamehighlyprofitable,andhe

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allthedebtsheowedtohisfriends.17.

A.ranking B.balance C.quality D.appearance18.

A.cover B.cut C.manage D.increase19.

A.opportunities B.returns C.concerns D.expenses20.

A.hardly B.equally C.finally D.hurriedly21.

A.bearing B.changing C.preserving D.gathering22.

A.signs B.clues C.patterns D.responses23.

A.solid B.steady C.visual D.noticeable24.

A.madeup B.turnedinto C.resultedfrom D.appliedto25.

A.regular B.ordinary C.massive D.familiar26.

A.raised B.settled C.invested D.consumed四、语法填空（本大题共3小题，共10.0分）27.

Mostpeoplesufferfromwhatisknownas"Just-me-ism".Whatisthat?Well,sayyouleavethetap

(1)

(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth,leavealightonwhenyougooutoryoudropapieceoflitterandcan'tbebotheredtopickitup.Andallthesewouldbeveryharmful.Toinspireyoungpeopletotakeactionfortheenvironment,animalsandtheircommunity,aninstitutecalledRoots&Shoots

(2)

(establish)intheearly1990sbyDr.JaneGoodall.Roots&Shootshopes

(3)

(involve)millionsofyoungpeopleallovertheworldtobeapartofacommunityforasharedfuture.(1)(2)(3)28.

Aftercollege,Itriedforsixmonthstogetajob,butmyluckwasbad.Finally,onedayIwasinadowntowncoffeeshop,

(1)

(bury)inthenewspaper,andmyluckbegantochange.Ayoungwomansittingnexttomeasked

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shecouldreadmynewspaper.IsaidOKandwestartedtalking.Shetoldmesheworkedinahugeadvertisingcompanyand

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(look)foranassistantatthemoment.ItoldherIwasinterestedinmasscommunicationandhadstudieditforfouryearsattheuniversity.Withinoneweek,Iwasherassistant.(1)(2)(3)29.

Mostgardenerswillprobablysaygardeningisgoodforyou.Accordingtoastudy,peoplewhogardenhavea

(1)

(healthy)diet,getmoreexercise,andfeellessstress.Researchersstudiedthebenefitsofgardeninginsharedcommunitygardens

(2)

peopleworktogether.Theysuggestgardeningmayreducestressbecauseitexposespeopletonature,whilecommunitygardensalsoprovide

(3)

(chance)forsocialinteraction.Therefore,theyhopetheresultswillencouragedoctorsandgovernmentleaderstoregardcommunitygardens

(4)

​​​​​​​

avitalpartofthepublichealthsystem.(1)(2)(3)(4)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共25.0分）30.

Thereisadrivewithinallofustocreateandexpressourselvesthroughart.Thisdrivecomesfromaneedtoachieveabalancewithinourselves.

Artreferstothetheoryandphysicalexpressionofcreativityfoundinhumansocietiesandcultures.Itsmajorfieldsincludeliteraryarts,performingarts(e.g.theateranddance)andvisualarts(e.g.drawing,painting,photography,filmandsculpture).Artisessentialtoourculturebecauseitprovidesuswithadeeperunderstandingofemotions.Throughart,welearntofeeljoyintimesofhappinessandweseepainanddespairintimesofsuffering.Creatingartallowsustoslowdownandexperienceafullrangeofouremotions,whileviewingothers'artcanreleasetheemotionswithinusandallowustoexploreourfeelings.Thiscanhelpushealandgrow,andsucceedbothpersonallyandprofessionally.Artencouragescriticalthinkingandpromotescommunication.Throughouttheentireprocessofcreatingandappreciatingart,weneedtomakedecisions.Weuselogicandreasoningtofindmeaninginwhatweseeorcreate.Artisamediumtosharethoughts,ideasandvisionsthatmaynotbeexpressedinotherways.Throughart,wegainabetterunderstandingofpastandpresentcultures.Yetmoreimportantly,therearenolanguagebarriersinartandthereforeitisuniversal.Artalsoenhancesourlives.Theprocessofexperiencingartengagesboththebodyandthemindandprovidesuswithtimetoreflect.That'swhyartisanecessity,notaluxury.Itcanmakeacommunitymorebeautifulandaworkplacemoreinteresting.Ourhomesreflectourpersonalitiesthroughtheartwechoosetodisplay.Artcaninspireus,makeushappyandevenmotivateus.Weneedtoexpressourselvesthroughart.Whenwetakeacloserlookatourworldandbegintoseetheartandcreativityinit,itcansoothe,enrichorencourageourselves.Artisbeautiful,andbeautyisanaestheticquality.(1)Whatdrivespeopletocreateandexpressthemselvesthroughart?

(2)Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Arthelpspeoplegainabetterunderstandingofpastandpresentcultures,andthelanguagebarriersmakeitdifficultforpeopletoappreciateart.

​​​​​​​(3)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

​​​​​​​(4)Whatisyourfavouriteartform?Andwhy?(Inabout40words)

​​​​​​​31.假设你是红星中学学生会负责人李华。学校发起“减塑捡塑，共创美好家园”活动。为了号召更多学生参与该活动，请你用英文给国际部留学生写一封倡议书，内容包括：1.你对该口号的理解；2.具体倡议。注意：

1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dearfellowstudents,

Students'Union

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、D、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生们的发明。

1.

根据文章第四段内容（他用了一块手机形状的木头。接下来，她在木头上打了三个不同大小的洞，这样它们就可以匹配普通瓶盖的大小。每个洞里都有一层干燥的、粘稠的热胶，可以牢牢地抓住瓶盖。只要简单地扭动一下这个装置，她的祖母就能在没有帮助的情况下打开瓶子。）可知，阿拉娜的祖母可以通过扭转有洞的装置轻松打开瓶子。故选C。2.

根据文章倒数第三段中的Robertsimplifiedarobotic"thirdthumb"

devicecreatedbyaLondondesigner.Heusedrubberbandsanda3D-printedplasticformtomaketheextra"thumb"

whichcanfirmlysupportthebottomofacup.（罗伯特简化了一个由伦敦设计师设计的机器人“第三根拇指”装置。他用橡皮筋和3d打印的塑料模型制作了一个额外的“拇指”，可以牢固地支撑杯子的底部。）可知，Robert为了帮助他的祖父，他用手带和3d打印的表格制作了一个“拇指”。故选D。3.

根据文章第二段中的Tofindasolutionforhergrandmotherwhohaddifficultyinopeningbottles,Alanalookedatexistingbottleopenersandthenshecreatedherown.（为了解决祖母开瓶困难的问题，Alana查看了现有的开瓶器，然后创造了自己的开瓶器。）以及Duetoarthritis,adiseasethat...bottomofacup.（由于关节炎(一种会导致关节或关节周围疼痛的疾病)，罗伯特的祖父连拿咖啡杯都有困难。罗伯特简化了一个由伦敦设计师设计的机器人“第三根拇指”装置。他用橡皮筋和3d打印的塑料模型制作了一个额外的“拇指”，可以牢固地支撑杯子的底部。）可知，“有创造力，体贴”最能描述文章中的学生。故选B。

4~7.【答案】C、A、C、A【解析】【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了爱好运动的作者在车祸后瘫痪，打轮椅篮球赋予作者力量让他重燃激情，成为了出色的轮椅篮球运动员的经历。

1.

根据文章第二段中的Asasixteen-year-oldboy,youhavealotofself-doubtsandaretryingtofindoutwhoyouare.So,youthrowinanaccidentontopofthatanditkindofthrewaloopintothingsforme.（作为一个16岁的男孩，你有很多自我怀疑，并试图弄清楚你是谁。所以，你在那上面加上一个事故，这使对我陷入一个循环。）可知，that指代上文提到的“alotofself-doubtsandaretryingtofindoutwhoyouare.也就是作者对自己的怀疑。故选C。2.

根据文章第四段中的Playingbasketballwasareallygoodthingforme.Itletmeseeabunchofdifferentpeopleinthesamesituationasme.Itwasgoodtohaveagroupoffriendsforsupport.（打篮球对我来说是一件非常好的事情。它让我看到一群和我处境相同的不同的人。有一群朋友支持是件好事。）可知，打轮椅篮球让作者重拾激情。故选A。3.

根据文章倒数第三段中的I'mnotsurerightnowaboutgettingreadyforthe2024Paralympics.（

我现在还不确定是否为2024年残奥会做好了准备。）可推断，作者想要在2024年残奥会上打篮球。故选C。4.

根据文章第二段中的ItwasthesummergoingintomysenioryearwhenIwashitbyacar.（在我进入大四的那个夏天，我被车撞了。），第三段中的HegavemyinformationtothelocaljuniorwheelchairbasketballcoachinMilwaukee.IstartedplayingthatOctober.（他把我的信息给了密尔沃基当地的青少年轮椅篮球教练。那年10月，我开始打球。），第四段中的Playingbasketballwasareallygoodthingforme.Itletmeseeabunchofdifferentpeopleinthesamesituationasme.Itwasgoodtohaveagroupoffriendsforsupport.（打篮球对我来说是一件非常好的事情。它让我看到一群和我处境相同的不同的人。有一群朋友支持是件好事。）以及倒数第二段中的However,onethingI'msureisthatplayingbasketballisstillnumberone,withafocusontheParalympics.（然而，有一件事我很确定，那就是打篮球仍然是第一位的，重点是残奥会。）可知，文章讲述了爱好运动的作者在车祸后瘫痪，打轮椅篮球让他重燃激情，成为了出色的轮椅篮球运动员，准备冲击残奥会，有了人生的目的，因此推断文章主要讲述打篮球如何赋予作者力量，走出低谷，重燃激情的。故选A。

8~11.【答案】D、B、D、A【解析】【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。通过注意到在马路上有很多与自己新买的车同款的汽车，引出心理学中的“启动效应”，启动效应有多种形式，研究表明：因为启动效应，人们的思维方式与行为方式之间会相互作用，基于科学发现，我们可以采用某些启动效应来帮助我们始终保持快乐。

1.

根据文章第三段中的Inonestudy,students...oldage,suchasforgetful,old,andlonely.（在一项研究中，学生们被要求以每分钟30步的速度在一个房间里走5分钟，这大约是他们正常速度的三分之一。在这个短暂的经历之后，参与者更快地识别出与老年有关的单词，如健忘、年老和孤独）可知，在感知慢速行走的过程后，参与者会更快识别与老年有管的词汇，D选项（在看到单词EAT后将SO_P补全为SOUP而不是SOAP），参与者在已看见EAT这个单词后，内心会留意相关信息，与EAT有关联的词汇为SOUP，意为“汤，羹”，而SOAP为“肥皂”。由此推知，D选项的例子属于“启动效应”。故选D。2.

根据文章第三段中的“Reciprocalprimingeffects...waywethink.（Reciprocal启动效应往往会产生连贯的反应：如果你被启动想到老年，你就会倾向于表现得很老，而表现得很老会强化老年的想法。这项研究表明，我们的思维方式影响我们的行为方式，而我们的行为方式又影响我们的思维方式）可知，这里陈述的是启动效应的一个形式，思维影响行为，行为又反过来影响思维，说明Reciprocal意为“交互的，互相的”，与Two-way意思相同。故选B。3.

根据文章最后一段中的Furthermore,byconsciously...laughingwillhaveasupplementarypositiveeffectonourstateofmind.（此外，通过有意识地思考、感受和表达感激之情，我们不仅会在当下更快乐，还会‘准备好’认识到生活中值得欣赏的事物。每次这种情况发生时，‘快乐的化学物质’就会产生。每天都这样做，我们会变得越来越快乐。这弥补了我们从吃巧克力或买新衣服中获得的短暂快乐。不仅如此，将感恩的思想与快乐的行为结合起来，比如微笑和大笑，会对我们的精神状态产生补充的积极影响。）可推知，作者认为：经常表示感恩，不仅使我们当下很快乐，也为启动我们长期的幸福做好了准备工作。故选D。4.

通读全文，尤其倒数第二段内容（就是这样。如果你想快乐，那就坐起来，装出快乐的样子。基于这些科学发现，我们可以采用某些启动效应来帮助我们始终保持快乐。）可知，通过注意到在马路上有很多与自己新买的车同款的汽车，文章引出话题：心理学中的“启动效应”，文章还提到了一些研究结果，表明我们的思维方式与我们的行为方式之间会相互作用，通过有意识地思考和感受感激之情，我们不仅当前快乐，也启动了长期的幸福。由此可知，A选项（启动自己让自己变得更快乐）适合作文章的标题。故选A。

12~16.【答案】B、C、D、A、G【解析】【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了佛罗里达的海滩是五种海龟的家园，如今海龟正面临灭绝的危险，佛罗里达人采取多种措施来保护海龟、海龟巢、海龟蛋以及海龟的自然栖息地。

1.

根据上文“Amajorproblemisfacingtheseinterestingcreatures.(这些有趣的生物面临着一个主要问题。)”可知，设空处应具体说这个问题，下文“SohowdoFloridiansprotectthesespecialanimals?(那么佛罗里达人是如何保护这些特殊动物的呢？)”，句中用到protectthesespecialanimals，说明这些特殊动物面临的问题很严重，得靠人为干预才可能解决，B项“Someoftheseturtlespeciesareindangerofgoingextinct.(其中一些海龟有灭绝的危险。)”，B项承上启下，衔接连贯。故选B。2.

根据上文“Theylookcloselyatthesandtofindthefin(鳍)marksthemotherseaturtlesleftthere.(他们仔细观察沙子，寻找海龟妈妈留在那里的鳍标记。)”，下文“Whenthey'vefiguredoutwheretheeggswerelaid,theymarktheareaoffsothatnoonedisturbstheeggs.(当他们弄清楚卵的位置后，它们会在这个区域做上标记，这样就不会有人打扰卵了。)”可知，本段内容与保护海龟蛋有关，C项“Thishelpsthemtolocatewheretheseaturtleslaidtheireggs.(这有助于他们定位海龟产卵的地方。)”，C项起到承上启下的作用，句中的This指代上文的findthefin(鳍)marksthemotherseaturtlesleftthere,locatewheretheseaturtleslaidtheireggs与下文figuredoutwheretheeggswerelaid呼应，上下文衔接连贯，故选C。3.

根据上文“Florida'sgovernmenthaspassedlawstosavetheturtles.Oneoftheselawsis'Florida'sMarineTurtleProtectionAct'.Thislawprohibitsanyonefromdisturbingordestroyingmarineturtles,nests,oreggs.(佛罗里达州政府已经通过了拯救海龟的法律。其中一项法律是《佛罗里达州海龟保护法》。这项法律禁止任何人扰乱或破坏海龟、海龟巢或海龟蛋)”可知，佛罗里达有了保护海龟、海龟巢或海龟蛋的法律，D项“Italsohelpsmakesurethatseaturtles'naturalhabitatsareprotected.(它还有助于确保海龟的自然栖息地得到保护。)”，句中的It知道上文的Florida'sMarineTurtleProtectionAct，由also可知，D项承接上一句，说明了法律保护的具体范畴，上下文衔接连贯。故选D。4.

根据上文“Babyseaturtlesusuallyhatchonthesandybeachandheadtotheocean.Whentherearebrightlightscomingfromtheothersideoftheshorefarfromtheocean,thebabyturtlesgetconfused.(小海龟通常在沙滩上孵化，然后游向大海。当有明亮的光线从远离海洋的海岸的另一边照射过来时，小海龟就会感到困惑。)”可知，小海龟因为夜间的人造光，迷失了方向，A项“Manyofthemdonotmakeittotheoceananddie.(它们中的许多海龟没能进入海洋就死了。)”可知，句中的them指代上文的thebabyturtles，上下文语意一致，衔接连贯。故选A。5.

根据本段最后一句“Everyindividualinthecommunityhasthepowertomakeadifference!(社区中的每个人都有能力做出改变！)”可知，这是本段的结尾总结句，提及到每一位社区成员，为了保护海龟，佛罗里达的居民们也要尽一份力，G项“EveryFloridiancandotheirparttoprotectseaturtlesandtheirenvironment.(每个佛罗里达人都可以尽自己的一份力量来保护海龟和它们的环境。)”，G项为本段中心句，与最后的总结句呼应，语意一致。故选G。

17~26.【答案】C、A、B、B、A、A、D、D、C、B【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公萨钦做生意未见起色想要半途而废，而后遇见一位农民让他明白了厚积薄发的道理，最后创业成功的故事。

1.

句意：尽管他尽了最大的努力来保持产品的高质量，但他只得到了小项目，收入不足以支付基本成本。A.ranking等级，地位；B.balance平衡；C.quality质量；D.appearance外貌，外观。根据该句中的“Despitehisbesteffortstomaintain…”以及下文“hewasonlygettingsmallprojects”可知，上下文语意转折，可推知，尽管他尽了最大的努力来保持产品的高质量，但他只得到了小项目。故选C。2.

句意同上。A.cover支付；B.cut减少；C.manage管理；D.increase增加。根据上文“hewasonlygettingsmallprojects”以及该句中的“theearningswerenotsufficientto…”可推知，他只得到了小项目，收入不足以支付基本成本。故选A。3.

句意：萨钦解释说，他的公司没有给他带来他希望的回报，他正在考虑卖掉它。A.opportunities机会；B.returns回报；C.concerns关心；D.expenses经费。

根据下文“andthathewasthinkingofsellingit.”可推知，他的公司没有给他带来他希望的回报，他正在考虑卖掉它。故选B。4.

句意：这两棵树是同时种植的，同样用水、肥料和阳光来培育。A.hardly几乎不；B.equally同等地；C.finally最终；D.hurriedly匆忙地。根据上文“Boththetreeswereplantedatthesametime”以及结合上下文语境可知，此处为这两棵树是同时种植的，同样用水、肥料和阳光来培育。故选B。5.

句意：第五年，芒果树开始结果了。A.bearing结（果实）；B.changing改变；C.preserving保护；D.gathering聚集。根据上文“Inthefirsttwoyears,themangotreegrewquickly,”以及“fruits”可推知，第五年芒果树开始结果了。故选A。6.

句意：然而，竹子没有生长的迹象。A.signs迹象；B.c