细胞识别-图像处理课件

数字图像处理

---课程设计

姓名：杜培明、王立Email：dpm@Email：wli1129@163.com安工大电信学院机器视觉—框图机器视觉—应用机器视觉—应用机器视觉—举例ReadingofSerialNumbers机器视觉—举例InspectionofSawBlades机器视觉—举例SurfaceInspection

机器视觉—举例3d_plane_reconstruction_with_stereo机器视觉—举例冷轧带钢边部缺陷在线检测细胞识别—原图24bit目标图细胞

个数大小标注（Red）-可能标注（Blue）RGB信息非细胞：细胞：1:Area:(169,200)Mean=1842:Area:(111,158)Mean=1273:Area:(153,193)Mean=1771:Area:(166,237)Mean=1982:Area:(144,226)Mean=1813:Area:(146,213)Mean=176HSI信息细胞：非细胞：结论：利用H、S区分1:Area:(208,232)Mean=2162:Area:(22,74)Mean=553:Area:(153,185)Mean=1631:Area:(225,36)Mean=32:Area:(2,31)Mean=133:Area:(158,219)Mean=186图像信息获取RGB：lpSrc=(unsignedchar*)pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-point.y)+point.x*3;Rgbrgb;rgb.b=*lpSrc;rgb.g=*(lpSrc+1);rgb.r=*(lpSrc+2);

structRgb{ unsignedchar b; unsignedchar g; unsignedchar r;};intgray=(int)(0.114*rgb.r+0.587*rgb.g+0.299*rgb.b);亮度：RGB----HSI函数代码RgbtoHsi(Rgb*pRgb,HSI*pHsi)R=((double)pRgb->r)/255.0;G=((double)pRgb->g)/255.0;B=((double)pRgb->b)/255.0;Sum=R+G+B;pHsi->Intensity=Sum/3.0;

MinValue=(R<G)?R:G;MinValue=(B<MinValue)?B:MinValue;MaxValue=(R>G)?R:G;MaxValue=(B>MaxValue)?B:MaxValue;if(pHsi->Intensity<0.00001) pHsi->Saturation=ZERO_SATURATION;else pHsi->Saturation=1.0-(3.0*MinValue)/Sum;

函数代码RgbtoHsi(Rgb*pRgb,HSI*pHsi)if(MinValue==MaxValue){ pHsi->Hue=UNDEFINED_HUE; pHsi->Saturation=ZERO_SATURATION; return;

} TempDouble1=(((R-G)+(R-B))/2.0); TempDouble2=(R-G)*(R-G)+(R-B)*(G-B); Quotient=(TempDouble1/sqrt(TempDouble2)); Radians=acos(Quotient); Angle=Radians*DEGREES_PER_RADIAN; pHsi->Hue=（B>G）？360.0–Angle：Angle;函数调用OnMouseMove(UINTnFlags,CPointpoint) CStringstr=""; if(pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpBMIH){ unsignedchar*lpSrc; if((point.x>0)&&(point.x<lWidth)&&(point.y>0)&&(point.y<lHeight)){

if(pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpBMIH->biBitCount==8){ lpSrc=(unsignedchar*)pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-point.y)+point.x; str.Format(L"(x=%dy=%d)=%d",point.x,point.y,*lpSrc);

}函数调用OnMouseMove(UINTnFlags,CPointpoint)elseif(pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpBMIH->biBitCount==24){lpSrc=(unsignedchar*)pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+ lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-point.y)+point.x*3; Rgbrgb; HSIHsi; rgb.b=*lpSrc;rgb.g=*(lpSrc+1);rgb.r=*(lpSrc+2); RgbtoHsi(&rgb,&Hsi); intgray=(int)(0.114*rgb.r+0.587*rgb.g+0.299*rgb.b); str.Format(L"Pos(%d%d)RGB(%d%d%d)Gray(%d)HSI(%4.1f %3.2f%3.2f--%d%d%d)“, point.x,point.y,rgb.r,rgb.g,rgb.b,gray, Hsi.Hue,Hsi.Saturation,Hsi.Intensity, (int)(Hsi.Hue/360.0*255.0),(int)(Hsi.Saturation*255.0),(int)(Hsi.Intensity*255.0));

}((CMainFrame*)AfxGetMainWnd())->m_wndStatusBar.SetPaneText(0,str);

函数代码OnCellprocessMark()//不要取中心点，应该向远离背景方向偏移（小）doublemeanH=210.0*360/255;//youselectdoublemeanS=55.0/255;//youselectdoubleMarkDoor=0.09;doubleMayBeMarkDoor=0.15;

doublex1=Hsi.Hue;//0—360doublex2=meanH;//近似if(x1<90)x1+=360;

//归一化doubley1=Hsi.Saturation;doubley2=meanS;x1/=360;x2/=360;//0--1doubledis=DISTANCE(x1,y1,x2,y2);

函数代码OnCellprocessMark()if(dis<MarkDoor){//Mark *lpSrc=0;*(lpSrc+1)=0;*(lpSrc+2)=255;//Red

} elseif(dis<MayBeMarkDoor){//maybeMark

*lpSrc=255;*(lpSrc+1)=0;*(lpSrc+2)=0;//Blue

} else{//notMark/maybeMark if(*lpSrc==0)*lpSrc=1;//Mark elseif(*lpSrc==255)*lpSrc=254;//maybemark if(*(lpSrc+1)==255)*(lpSrc+1)=254;//edge

}

}

} YouRWork1.OpenImage2.AddRgbtoHsi

3.AddOnMouseMove4.SelectThreshold5.AddMenu(&Mark)Doityourself！WeCanHelp！MaybeMarkedtoMarkedMaybeMarkedtoMarked-codeboolMarkChg=true;while(MarkChg){MarkChg=false;for(inti=StartPoint.y;i<=EndPoint.y;i++){ for(intj=StartPoint.x;j<=EndPoint.x;j++){lpSrc=pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+ lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-i)+j*3; if(*lpSrc==255){//maybeMark boolbProc=false; if(j>0)if(*(lpSrc-3)==0)bProc=true; if(j<lWidth-1)if(*(lpSrc+3)==0)bProc=true; if(i>0)if(*(lpSrc+lLineBytes)==0)bProc=true; if(i<lHeight-1)if(*(lpSrc-lLineBytes)==0)bProc=true //maybeMarkhaveMarkPointtoMark if(bProc){ *lpSrc=0; MarkChg=true; *(lpSrc+2)=128;

}}}}} Mark&Edgeedgeinformationdoublepixel[9];lpDst=pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-i)+j*3;if(*(lpDst)==0||*(lpDst)==255){//Mark/MaybeMark doublepixel[9]; lpSrc=lpNewDIBBits+lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-i)+j*3; for(intm=-1;m<2;m++) for(intn=-1;n<2;n++){ unsignedchar*lpSrc1=lpSrc-lLineBytes*m+3*n; pixel[(m+1)*3+n+1]=((int)*lpSrc1+*(lpSrc1+1)+*(lpSrc1+2))/3;

} //Sobel doubletmp1= pixel[0]+2*pixel[1]+pixel[2]-pixel[6]-2*pixel[7]-pixel[8]; doubletmp2= pixel[0]+2*pixel[3]+pixel[6]-pixel[2]-2*pixel[5]-pixel[8]; doubleedge=sqrt(tmp1*tmp1+tmp2*tmp2); if(edge>edgeDoor) *(lpDst+1)=255;//edge

}

EdgeFilterconstintM=5;boolbdelete;//filterfor(inti=StartPoint.y+M;i<EndPoint.y-M;i++)

{

for(intj=StartPoint.x+M;j<EndPoint.x-M;j++){

pDst=pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-i)+j*3;if(*(lpDst+1)==255)//edge{ bdelete=true; for(intm=-M;m<=M;m++) for(intn=-M;n<=M;n++) {if(m==-M||m==M||n==-M||n==M){ if(*(lpDst+lLineBytes*m+n*3)|| (*(lpDst+lLineBytes*m+n*3+1)==255))//noMark&&noEdge

{ bdelete=false; m=M+1;n=M+1;//out

}

}

} if(bdelete) *(lpDst+1)=0;//deleteedge

}}}二值化Marked-----Gray(128)Edge----Bright(240=0xf0)二值化OnCellprocessTwovalue():for(inti=0;i<lHeight;i++){for(intj=0;j<lWidth;j++){ lpSrc=pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+ lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-i)+j*3; lpDst=lpNewDIBBits+lNewLineBytes*(lHeight-1-i)+j; unsignedintv; v=0; if(*(lpSrc)==0)//Mark

{ v=TWOVALUE_H; if(*(lpSrc+1)) v|=EDGEPOINT;//setedge

} *lpDst=(unsignedchar)v;

}

} lLineBytes=lNewLineBytes;

二值化//复制转置后的图像 delete pDoc->m_pDib; pDoc->m_pDib=newCDib(CSize(lNewLineBytes,lHeight),8);

lpSrc=(unsignedchar*)pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpvColorTable; for(inti=0;i<256;i++){ *lpSrc=(unsignedchar)i;lpSrc++; *lpSrc=(unsignedchar)i;lpSrc++; *lpSrc=(unsignedchar)i;lpSrc++; *lpSrc=0;lpSrc++;

}

memcpy(pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage,lpNewDIBBits,lLineBytes*lHeight); delete[]lpNewDIBBits; Invalidate(true);YouRWork1.MaybeMarktoMark2.GetEdgeinformation3.TwoValueDoityourself！WeCanHelp！填洞填洞OnCellprocessFillholes()//0x7X---edge//0x8X---Mark--notedge//0xfX--Mark–edge//0xX1---visited

//ifno-marked&no-visitedif(!(*lpSrc&MARK_VISITED)){//未访问过的黑点 ProcessFillHoles(j,i);//line,col }//edgeareaback//0xfX--Mark–edgeif(!(*lpSrc&MARKED))//非MarkPoint *lpSrc=0;//删除访问标志 elseif(*lpSrc&EDGEPOINT)//ifmarked&edge *lpSrc=0;

填洞填洞ProcessFillHoles(intwd,intht) stack<CPoint>s; vector<CPoint>v;//vsaveforfillholes constintMAX_HOLE=100; intxt,yt; xt=wd; yt=ht; s.push(CPoint(xt,yt)); v.push_back(CPoint(xt,yt)); unsignedchar*lpSrc; lpSrc=(unsignedchar*)pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-yt)+xt; *lpSrc|=VISITED;//vistied boolbBorder=false;填洞ProcessFillHoles(intwd,intht)while(s.size())

{ //Addnewmemberstostack //Abovecurrentpixel lpSrc=(unsignedchar*)pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+ lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-yt)+xt; if(yt>StartPoint.y){ //ifno-marked&no-visited if(!(*(lpSrc+lLineBytes)&MARK_VISITED))

{ s.push(CPoint(xt,yt-1)); v.push_back(CPoint(xt,yt-1)); *(lpSrc+lLineBytes)|=VISITED;

} }elsebBorder=true; //Belowcurrentpixel……………

填洞ProcessFillHoles(intwd,intht) //Leftofcurrentpixel ………. //Rightofcurrentpixel if(xt<EndPoint.x){ //ifno-marked&no-visited if(!(*(lpSrc+1)&MARK_VISITED)){ s.push(CPoint(xt+1,yt)); v.push_back(CPoint(xt+1,yt)); *(lpSrc+1)|=VISITED;

} }elsebBorder=true; //Retrievecurrentstackmember xt=s.top().x; yt=s.top().y; s.pop(); }//Backtobeginningofloop填洞ProcessFillHoles(intwd,intht)//fillhole if(v.size()<MAX_HOLE&&!bBorder)

{ //forsee if(v.size()>50){ CStringmsg; msg.Format(L"%d--(%d%d)",v.size(),wd,ht); Invalidate(true); MessageBox(msg);

} for(UINTk=0;k<v.size();k++){ xt=v[k].x; yt=v[k].y; lpSrc=pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+ lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-yt)+xt; *lpSrc|=MARKED;

}

}收缩收缩OnCellprocessShrink()//先去掉pre_shrink_count层皮GenEdge();for(intk=0;k<pre_shrink_count;k++)

{ for(inti=StartPoint.y;i<=EndPoint.y;i++) { for(intj=StartPoint.x;j<=EndPoint.x;j++)

{

//去掉边界! if(*lpSrc&EDGEPOINT) (*lpSrc)&=NO_MARK;//marked=0;

}

} if(k%2==0) GenEdge4(); else GenEdge();

}收缩GenEdge(void)//八方向生成边界*lpSrc&=NO_EDGE_POINT;//noedgeif(*lpSrc&MARKED)//marked{if(j==StartPoint.y||i==StartPoint.x||j==EndPoint.y|| i==EndPoint.x) //

*lpSrc|=EDGEPOINT;

elseif//normal (!((*(lpSrc-lLineBytes-1)&MARKED) && (*(lpSrc-lLineBytes)&MARKED) && (*(lpSrc-lLineBytes+1)&MARKED) && (*(lpSrc-1)&MARKED) && (*(lpSrc+1)&MARKED) && (*(lpSrc+lLineBytes-1)&MARKED) && (*(lpSrc+lLineBytes)&MARKED) && (*(lpSrc+lLineBytes+1)&MARKED))) *lpSrc|=EDGEPOINT;

}

GenEdge4(void)YouRWork1.OnCellprocessFillholes()2.ProcessFillHoles(intwd,intht)

3.OnCellprocessShrink()Doityourself！WeCanHelp！4.GenEdge(void)、GenEdge4(void)

中心点获取中心点获取OnCellprocessFindcenter()for(intk=0;bChanged;k++)//标志中心点的腐蚀 { bChanged=false;

//清除visited标志 for(intj=StartPoint.y;j<=EndPoint.y;j++){ lpSrc=(unsignedchar*)pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage +lLineBytes*(lHeight-1-j)+StartPoint.x-1; for(inti=StartPoint.x;i<=EndPoint.x;i++)

{ lpSrc++; *lpSrc&=NO_VISITED;//

}

}

中心点获取OnCellprocessFindcenter()if(j>StartPoint.y&&j<EndPoint.y&&i>StartPoint.x&& i<EndPoint.x)//最边上的不用处理{m_bFullEdge=true;if(*lpSrc&EDGEPOINT&&!(*lpSrc&VISITED))//没有访问过的边界{ if(!(*(lpSrc-1)&MARKED)&& !(*(lpSrc+1)&MARKED)&& !(*(lpSrc+lLineBytes)&MARKED)&& !(*(lpSrc-lLineBytes)&MARKED))

{ if(k==0)//基本上这种是噪音

continue;

中心点获取OnCellprocessFindcenter() //孤立的点 *lpSrc|=CENTERED; //保存一下CENTER_POINT信息 pt.x=i; pt.y=j; pt.radius=k+pre_shrink_count+4;//circleadjust points_temp.push_back(pt); continue;

} else MarkIt(i,j);//判断是否需要保存

//没有访问过标志了并且是边缘邻域

//需要保存! if(m_bFullEdge) SaveIt(i,j,k+pre_shrink_count+3);//保存

}

}

}中心点获取OnCellprocessFindcenter()for(intj=StartPoint.y;j<=EndPoint.y;j++){lpSrc=(unsignedchar*)pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+lLineBytes* (lHeight-1-j)+StartPoint.x-1;for(inti=StartPoint.x;i<=EndPoint.x;i++){ lpSrc++;

//去掉边界! if(*lpSrc&EDGEPOINT)

{ bChanged=true; *lpSrc&=NO_MARK;

}}}if(k%2==0) GenEdge4();else GenEdge();

}

中心点获取MarkIt(inti,intj)lpSrc=(unsignedchar*)pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+lLineBytes* (lHeight-1-j)+i;*(lpSrc)|=VISITED;if(j==StartPoint.y||j==EndPoint.y||i==StartPoint.x|| i==EndPoint.x)//最边上的不用处理 return;if(!(*(lpSrc-1)&VISITED)&& //没有访问过 *(lpSrc-1)&MARKED) //标志了

{ if(*(lpSrc-1)&EDGEPOINT) //并且是边缘 MarkIt(i-1,j);//左边 else m_bFullEdge=false;

}……//右下中心点获取SaveIt(inti,intj,intradius)lpSrc=(unsignedchar*)pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+lLineBytes* (lHeight-1-j)+i;if(j==StartPoint.y||j==EndPoint.y||i==StartPoint.x|| i==EndPoint.x)//最边上的不用处理 return;if(!(*lpSrc&CENTERED)){ CENTER_POINTpt; pt.x=i; pt.y=j; pt.radius=radius; points_temp.push_back(pt); //markecurrentpoint *lpSrc|=CENTERED;//0x02

}*lpSrc&=NO_VISITED;

if(*(lpSrc-1)&VISITED){ SaveIt(i-1,j,radius);

}

中心点获取YouRWork1.OnCellprocessFindcenter()2.MarkIt(inti,intj)Doityourself！WeCanHelp！3.SaveIt(inti,intj,intradius)中心点获取中心点获取OnCellprocessFindcenter()if(j>StartPoint.y&&j<EndPoint.y&&i>StartPoint.x&&i<EndPoint.x) if(*lpSrc&CENTERED){ if(!(*(lpSrc-1)&CENTERED)&&!(*(lpSrc+1)&CENTERED)&& !(*(lpSrc+lLineBytes)&CENTERED)&& !(*(lpSrc-lLineBytes)&CENTERED)&& !(*(lpSrc+lLineBytes-1)&CENTERED)&& !(*(lpSrc+lLineBytes+1)&CENTERED)&& !(*(lpSrc-lLineBytes-1)&CENTERED)&& !(*(lpSrc-lLineBytes+1)&CENTERED))

{

//孤立的点保存 pt.x=i; pt.y=j; for(unsignedintn=0;n<points_temp.size();n++){ if(points_temp.at(n).x==i&& points_temp.at(n).y==j){ pt.radius=points_temp.at(n).radius; break;

}} points.push_back(pt); continue;}

中心点获取OnCellprocessFindcenter()else{//多个点求其质点 tot_num=0; max_radius=0; tot_x=0; tot_y=0; CalcCenterAverage(i,j); pt.x=tot_x/tot_area; pt.y=tot_y/tot_area; pt.radius=max_radius; *(lpSrc-(pt.y-j)*lLineBytes+pt.x-i)|=CENTERED; points.push_back(pt);

}

}

}

}msg.Format(L"取邻域（相连）中心点合并后,

获得中心点数目=%d",points.size());MessageBox(msg);中心点获取CalcCenterAverage(inti,intj)//计算其邻域（相连）中心点的质点与最大半径并去除其中心点标志lpSrc=(unsignedchar*)pDoc->m_pDib->m_lpImage+lLineBytes* (lHeight-1-j)+i;if(j==StartPoint.y||j==EndPoint.y||i==StartPoint.x||i==EndPoint.x) return;tot_num++;tot_x+=i; tot_y+=j;*lpSrc&=NO_CENTER;for(unsignedintn=0;n<points_temp.size();n++){ if(points_temp.at(n).x==i&&points_temp.at(n).y==j){ if(points_temp.at(n).radius>max_radius) max_radius=points_temp.at(n).radius; break;

}}if(*(lpSrc-1)&CENTERED) CalcCenterAverage(i-1,j);

中心点获取中心点获取//相近的(不相连)中心点的处理（取半径大的）for(unsignedinti=0;i<points.size();i++)

{ x0=points.at(i).x; y0=points.at(i).y; pt=points.at(i); adj=false; //Red相近-delete pdc->SelectObject(Redpen); for(unsignedintj=i+1;j<points.size()-1;j++){ intx=points.at(j).x; inty=points.at(j).y; if(abs(x0-x)+abs(y0-y)<10)//相近

{//displayerrposition--delete pt=points.at(j); if(points.at(i).radius<points.at(j).radius) pt=points.at(i); points.at(i).x=(x+x0)/2;//save points.at(i).y=(y+y0)/2 points.at(i).radius=max(points.at(i).radius, points.at(j).radius)+2;//changepoint中心点获取中心点获取//去掉潜在的错误(圆r<9) pdc->SelectObject(Redpen1); bdelete=false; for(unsignedinti=0;i<m_vCenterPoints.size();i++) { //baordareaprocess CENTER_POINTcenterp; centerp=m_vCenterPoints.at(i); if(centerp.x-centerp.radius<0) centerp.radius-=(centerp.x-centerp.radius); if(centerp.y-centerp.radius<0) centerp.radius-=(centerp.y-centerp.radius); if(centerp.x+centerp.radius>lWidth-1) centerp.radius+=(centerp.x+centerp.radius-lWidth); if(centerp.y+centerp.radius>lHeight-1) centerp.radius+=(centerp.y+centerp.radius-lHeight); if(m_vCenterPoints.at(i).radius<9)//needadjust<

{m_vCenterPoints.erase(m_vCenterPoints.begin()+i i--; bdelete=true;

}

}

中心点获取中心点获取 pdc->SelectObject(Bluepen1);

//去掉潜在的错误(同两个圆相交,并且不相交的部分是噪声) for(unsignedinti=0;i<m_vCenterPoints.size();i++)

{ tocheck.clear(); x0=m_vCenterPoints.at(i).x; y0=m_vCenterPoints.at(i).y; r0=m_vCenterPoints.at(i).radius; for(unsignedintj=0;j<m_vCenterPoints.size();j++)

{ if(i==j) continue; intx=m_vCenterPoints.at(j).x; inty=m_vCenterPoints.