2021届广东省湛江市遂溪县第四中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及答案

2021届广东省湛江市遂溪县第四中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABirdmigrationisdescribedastheregular,seasonalmovementofbirdpopulationsfromoneplacetoanotherandbackagain.Thelongerdaysandrichfoodofthenorthernsummerprovidegreaterchancesforbirdstofeedtheiryoung.Thelongerdaylighthoursandenormousfoodresourcesallowbirdstolaylargereggsthanthoseofrelatednon-migratoryspeciesthatremaininthetropicsallyearround.Asthedaysshorteninautumnandthebreedingperiodisover,thebirdsreturntowarmerregionswheretheavailablefoodsupplydifferslittlewiththeseasonschanging.Theadvantagesofmigrationmakeupforthehighstress,physicalexertion（消耗），andotherrisksofthemigration.Daylengthistheprimaryenvironmentalfactorthatencouragesbirdstoprepareformigration.Theyhaveanincreasedappetitewhichresultsinweightgaining,givingthemthefatreservesthatprovideenergyfortheirmigratoryflight.Theyalsoshowmoreactivityatnight,whichiswhenmostbirdsmigrate.Whilethelengthofdayistheprimaryreasonformigration,birdsalsorespondtotemperaturechanges.Forexample,ifaspringislateandthetemperatureislowerthannormal,birdsdelaymigration;ifaspringisearly,birdsalsobeginmigrationearly.Thetimingofthemigratorycyclemustallowbirdstoarriveonthebreedingsitesothatthereistimetobuildabreedingplace,mate,laytheeggs,andhatchtheyoungbeforetherichfoodisavailabletofeedtheyounginthenest.Similarly,ifbirdswaituntiltheclimateintheirnorthernbreedinggroundsbecomestolerable（可忍受的）,therewillbenotimetogainthenecessaryweightthatprovidestheenergyneededfortheirsouthboundmigration.Whydobirdsmigratetothenorthinspring?AThetemperatureinthesouthhasrisen.Theyliketravelingandenjoythejourney.Thesummerthereiswarmerthanthatinthesouth.Theenvironmentthereismoresuitableforthemtofeedtheirbabybirds.Whatarethetwofactorsthatcausebirdstomigrate?Daylengthandfoodsupply.Nightlengthandhighstress.Temperaturechangesanddaylength.Foodsupplyandtemperaturechanges.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?Birds'LifeBirds'MigrationBirds'BreedingHabitsBirds'LivingEnvironmentBAworldinwhichextinctcreaturescouldbebroughtbacktolifecameastepcloseryesterday.AustralianscientistshavemanagedtoextractagenefromapreservedsampleofaTasmaniantigerandmakeitactive.Thebreakthroughhasleftthemdreamingthatonedaytheywillbeabletorecreatetheanimal,whichdiedoutmorethan70yearsago.AndifitcanbedonewiththeTasmaniantiger,itmayalsobepossibletoresurrect（复活）creaturesthathavebeenextinctforfarlonger.“Thereusedtobeatimewhenextinctionmeantforever,butnomore,”saidProfessorMikeArcher.“Wearenowabletoseriouslychallengewhetherthoseanimalsthathavegoneforever.Whathasbeenachievedisaveryimportantstepinbringingbackthoseanimalsthatareextinct.AndwhileIthinkthattechnicallyitisstillprettydifficultatthemoment,wecannowseethepossibilities.I’mpersonallyconvincedthattheTasmaniantigerwillbebroughtbacktolifeinmylifetime.”ThebreakthroughcameafternineyearsofexperimentsbyscientistsattheUniversityofMelbourne,whoextractedagenefromoneofseveraltigerspreservedinalcoholinaMelbournemuseum.Theyremovedtheequivalentgenefromamouseembryoimplantedthetigergeneandthenwatchedasthemousecontinuedtogrownormally,suggestingthetigergenehadbeenactivated.TeamleaderDr.AndrewPasksaiditwasthefirsttimeDNAfromanextinctspecieshadbeenusedto“induce（引起）afunctionalresponseinanotherlivingorganism”.However,theanimal’sentiregenestructurewouldhavetoberevivedinthesamewaytoevenbeginthepossibilityofbringingtheTasmaniantigerbackfromthedead.MickMooney,awildlifeofficeroftheTasmanianGovernment,wasworriedthatsuchdevelopmentscouldencouragepeople’sindifferencetotheprotectionofendangeredspecies.Ifpeoplethinkthatwecanbringanimalsbacktolifeafterthey’vegone,theywillstartsayingthatthereisnothingtoworryaboutbecausewecanfixituplater.”Whatdoestheunderlinedword“breakthrough”inthelparagraphreferto?A.Scientistshaverecreatednewanimals.Scientistshaveresurrectedendangeredanimal.Ithasturnedoutthatsomecreatureswouldnotgoextinct.Atigergenehasbeenextractedsuccessfullyandactivated.Scientistsarecarryingouttheexperimentsinorderto .bringextinctanimalsbacktolifetransplantthegenesoftigersintootheranimalsfindoutwhatfactorsleadtotheanimals’extinctionfindanewwaytoextractanimals’DNAMikeArcherthinksthat .scientistsnowhavenotechnologicaldifficultyreconnectingextinctanimalsit’llbeacenturyorsobeforeaTasmaniantigerwalksontheearthagainhumanshavecomecloserinreconnectingextinctanimalsreconnectingextinctanimalsisimpossibleWecanlearnfromMickMooncy’swordsthat .hethoughtitunnecessarytoworryaboutendangeredanimalshisopinionisincontrastwiththatoftheTasmanianGovernmenthethoughtpeopleshouldbeencouragedtoprotectendangeredanimalsheisconcernedthatbringingextinctanimalsbacktolifemayhaveanegativeeffectCNASAhasflownanaircraftonanotherplanetforthefirsttime.OnMonday,April19,Ingenuity,a1.8-kilogramdrone（无人机）helicopter,tookofffromthesurfaceofMars,flewupaboutthreemeters,thenhoveredfor40secondsandtookphotosabovewithoneofitstwocameras.ThehistoricmomentwaslivestreamedonYouTube.“Wecannowsaythathumanbeingshaveflownadronehelicopteronanotherplanet,”saidMiMiAung,theIngenuityMarsHelicopterprojectmanageratNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratory,atapressconference.“We,together,flewatMars,andwe,together,nowhaveourWrightbrothersmoment,”sheadded,referringtothefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarthin1903.Thedetails:Theflightwasasignificanttechnicalchallenge,thankstoMars'sbone-chillingtemperatures(nightscandropdownto-130°F/-90°C)anditsincrediblythinatmosphere—just1%thedensityofEarth's.ThatmeantIngenuityhadtobelight,withrotorblades(螺旋桨)thatwerebiggerandfasterthanwouldbeneededtoachieveliftoffonEarth(althoughthegravityonMars,whichisonlyaboutone-thirdofEarth's,workedinitsfavor).TheflighthadoriginallybeenscheduledtotakeplaceonApril11butwasdelayedbysoftwareissues.Whyit'ssignificant:BeyondbeingasignificantmilestoneforMarsexploration,theflightwillalsopavethewayforengineerstothinkaboutnewwaystoexploreotherplanets.Futuredronehelicopterscouldhelpastronautsbyscopingoutlocations,exploringinaccessibleareas,andcapturingimages.IngenuitywillalsohelpinformthedesignofDragonfly,acar-sizedronethatNASAisplanningtosendtoSaturn'smoonTitanin2027.What'snext:Inthenextfewweeks,Ingenuitywillconductfourmoreflights,eachlastingupto90seconds.EachoneisdesignedtofurtherpushthelimitsofIngenuity'scapabilities.Ingenuityisonlydesignedtolastfor30Martiandays,andisexpectedtostopfunctioningaroundMay4.ItsfinalrestingplacewillbeintheJezeroCraterasNASAmovesontothemainfocusofitsmission:GettingthePerseverancerover(毅力号火星探测器)tostudyMarsforevidenceoflife.WhydoesMiMiAungmentionWrightbrothers?TohonorthehistoriccontributionofWrightbrothers.TomakeacomparisonbetweenWrightbrothersandherself.TohighlighttheimportanceofIngenuity'sMartianexploration.ToremindthepublicofthefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarth.WhatcausedchallengesforIngenuitydesigners?Thedelayofsoftwaretests.TheforceofgravityonMars.Mars'stemperaturesandatmosphere.TechnicaldifficultyinliftoffonEarth.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“milestone”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Agreatvictory. B.Adifficulttask.C.Aroadsidestone. D.Ahistoricevent.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?MarsDroneHelicopterMakesHistoricFirstFlightModernWrightBrothersMoment:MarsExplorationFirstDroneHelicopterSpotsEvidenceofLifeonMarsIngenuity:MarsDroneFliestoTakeIncrediblePicturesDHundredsofchildrenarebeingtreatedforsleepproblemsinWaleseveryyear.Insomecases，babies，infants（婴儿）andteenagershavebeenadmittedtohospitalinnorthWalesalone.TheChildren’sSleepCharitysaidmanychildrenweresufferingfromlackofsleepmainlybecauseoftechnologyuse.PublicHealthWalessaidsleepwasasimportanttoachild’shealthashealthyeatingandexercise，andchildrenwithpoorsleeppatternsweremorelikelytobefat.Statisticsobtained（获得）undertheFreedomofInformationActbyBBCWalesfoundatleast408childrenhavebeenadmittedtohospitalsacrossWalessufferingfromsleepdisorderssinceMarch2013.Childrenagedbetween0and4madeupthehighestnumberofinpatients（住院病人），withsomenewbornsbeingtreatedforsleep-relatedproblemsfromthedayofbirth.VickiDawson，whosetuptheChildren’sSleepCharity（CSC），saidsleeplessnightswereputtingbothchildrenandparentsinanxiety.“Theirweightandgrowthmayalsobeaffectedaswellastheirmentalhealth，”shesaid.Teacherssaidchildrenshowingsignsofsleepshortageandtirednessinclasswereaconcernastheycouldn’tconcentrateforlongperiods.PsychologistAmyMcClelland，ofSleepWales，saidacommonproblemwasthatchildrenwere“overexcited”beforebedandthatfamiliesshouldgetbacktobasics.“Think1950sfamilyhome.Dinnerasafamily，read，chat，afilmmaybe，lightsoffandthenbed.”Sheadded.What’sthemainreasonwhychildrenareshortofsleep？A.Lessexercise. B.Eatinghabits.C.Technologyuse. D.Sleeppatterns.Whoarethemajorityoftheinpatientswithsleep-relateddisorders？A.Infants. B.Teenagers.C.Teachers. D.Parents.WhatcanweinferfromwhatAmyMcClellandsaid？Chattingandfilmsmakechildrensleepmore.Itisdifficultforchildrentoreadbeforebed.Beingtooexcitedisgoodforsleephabits.Relaxationhasabadeffectonchildren.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？WaystoTreatSleepProblemsSleepProblemsofWelshChildrenC.SleepHabitsofWelshChildren D.TheProblemsofWelshChildren第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Youcanrunprettymuchanywhere,withprettymuchnoequipment.Soitmustbeeasytostart-justputonefootinfrontoftheother,right?Notquite.Startinganewtrainingprogram,likemostthings,issteppingintounfamiliararea.___16___.Mostpeoplestartouttoohard,whichleadstounnecessarytirednessandpossibleinjury;ortheyjustbumout,feelingthatthelastthingtheywanttodoisgooutforanotherheavy,painfulrun.Gettingpastthatearlyperiodisthekeytobothrunning'sbenefitsandpleasures.___17___Youmaywanttostartrunningtomakeyourheartstronger,toupyourenduranceforothersports,orevenjusttofitintoyourtux（晚礼服,）again.Thoseareallworthygoalsandsettingthemisavaluableaidtogettingwhereyouwanttogo.Ifyoulikeachallenge,yourgoalmightberunningthelocal5K,orsomethingmoreambitious,likefinishingaToughMudderobstaclerunorqualifyingfortheBostonMarathon.Atypicalbeginnerwhotrainsproperly—withoutoverdoingit—cansafelyfinisha5Kafteraboutthreemonths.___18___Whateveryoudecidetoaimfor,committingtoitwillhelpyourprogressgreatly.___19___.Whileashort,easyrunafewtimesaweekisbetterthannothing,it'snotnearlyasexcitingaslookingupat—thenreaching—thenextlevel.Thendon'tgetaheadofyourself.___20___.Andgraduallyyoucanbecomeagoodrunbeginner.Figureoutwhyyou'rerunning.Thenewtrainingprogramwillpayoff.Anditispossibleforamarathonafterayear.Otherwiseyoutendtomakenofurtherprogress.Thatisaremarkableachievementforarunbeginner.Youshouldresisttheurgetoruntoohard,toomuch,ortoooften.You'reeagerbutunsure,excitedbutpotentiallyeasytomakeerrors.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Mama,whenIgrowup,I’mgoingtobeoneofthose!”IsaidthisafterseeingtheCapitalDancingCompanyperformwhenIwasthree.Itwasthefirsttimethatmy 21 tookonavividformandactedassomethingimportanttostartmytraining.AsIgrewolderandwas 22 tomore,myinterestsintheworldofdance 23 variedbutthatlittlegirl’sdreamofsomedaybecominga 24 inthecompanyneverleftme.Inthesummerof2005whenIwas18,Ireceivedthephonecallwhichmadethatdreama 25 ;Ibecameamemberofthecompany 26 backto1925.AsIlookbackonthatdaynow,itsurely 27 anysenseofreality.IbelieveIstayedinastateofpleasantdisbelief 28 Iwashalfwaythroughrehearsals（排练）onmyfirstday.Ineveractually 29 togetthejob.Afterbeingofferedtheposition,Iwascompletely 30 .Iremembershakingwithexcitement.ThoughIwaslythrilledwiththechange,itdidnotcomewithoutitsfairshareof 31 .Throughthestrictrehearsalperiodofdancingsixdaysaweek,Ifounditveryimportantto 32 upthematerialfastwitheverylastbitofconcentration.Itisthatextreme 33 todetailandstressonpracticethatsetus 34 .Tothenfollowthosehigh-energyrehearsals 35 abusyshowscheduleofuptofiveperformancesaday,Idiscoveredanew 36 ofthewords“hardwork.”WhatIthoughtweremyphysical 37 werepushedmuchfurtherthanIthought 38 .Ilearnedtomakeeachperformancebetterthanthelast.Today,whenIlookattheunbelievablecompanythatIhavethegreat 39 ofbeingapartof,notonlyasamember,butasadancecaptain,Iseea 40 thathasinspirednotonlygenerationsoflittlegirlsbutasplendidcompanythatcontinuestodevelopandgrow—andinspirespeopleeverydaytofollowtheirdreams.21.A.hobbyB.planC.dreamD.word22.A.connectedB.expandedC.exposedD.communicated23.A.rarelyB.certainlyC.probablyD.constantly24.A.directorB.trainerC.leaderD.dancer25.A.symbolB.memoryC.truthD.reality26.A.flashingB.datingC.turningD.sliding27.A.lacksB.addsC.makesD.brings28.A.whileB.sinceC.untilD.when29.A.caredB.expectedC.askedD.decided30.A.motivatedB.relaxedC.convincedD.astonished31.A.challengesB.profitsC.advantagesD.adventures32.A.putB.mixC.build D.pick33.A.attentionB.associationC.attractionD.adaptation34.A.apartB.asideC.off D.back35.A.overB.byC.with D.beyond36.A.functionB.meaningC.expressionD.usage37.A.limitsB.problemsC.barriersD.efforts38.A.necessaryB.perfectC.properD.possible39.A.talentB.honorC.determinationD.responsibility40.A.victoryB.trendC.tradition D.desire第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Didyougrowupinoneculture,yourparentscamefromanother,andyouarenowlivingina___41.___(total)differentcountry?Ifso,thenyouareathird-culturekid.Theterm“third-culturekid”___42.___(use)inthe1960sforthefirsttimebyDr.Ruth.Shefirstcameacrossthisphenomenonwhile___43.___(research)NorthAmericanchildrenlivinginIndia.Ingeneral,third-culturekidsbenefit___44.___theirinterculturalexperienceandtheyoftenreachexcellentacademicresults.Yetmany___45.___(difficulty)mayarisefromthisphenomenon.Third-culturekidsmaynotbeabletoadapt___46.___(they)completelytotheirnewsurroundings.Also,theyoftenfindithard___47.___(develop)newfriendship.Additionally,forathird-culturekid,itisoften___48.___(easy)tomovetoanewcountrythantoreturntohishomeland.Forexample,afterlivinginAustraliaformanyyears,Louisfinallyreturnedtothecountry___49.___shewasborn.Shedidn’tknowanythingaboutcurrentTVshows 50. fashiontrends.Andshedidn’tsharethesamevaluesasotherteensofherage.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节短文改错(满分10分).假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(回)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Theotherday,IwasinvitedmyfriendSam'shomefordinner.IfeltabitsurprisingwhenIsawBillthere.Itwastwomonthsincewetwohadquarreled,soIwasembarrassedanddidn'tknowhowtodo.IsatdownonthesofabutbegantowatchTV.Later,SamcametoaskmetomakeupwithBill.UntilthenIrealizethatSamhadarrangedthedinneronpurpose.HewentuptoBillandgreetedhimwarmly,smileathim.Helookedverbhappyandtalkedwithmeexcited.Thatnight,wehadagreatfuntogether.第二节书面表达（满分25分）.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。MynameisFrank.Iwasfromthenorth