2021年高考英语名校地市好题必刷全真模拟 三月卷4 （解析版）

备战2021年高考英语名校地市好题必刷全真模拟卷・3月卷

第四模拟

（时间：120分钟满分：120分）

选择题部分

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。

A

（2020•江苏南通市•海安高级中学高三期末）TheGoogleBrainteamhasbeen

workingoncomputingsystemscalled“neuralnetworks^^—systemsthatweredesignedbased

onhowneuronsworkinthehumanbrain.

Thistime,theygaveamissiontothreeoftheneuralnetworks,whichtheynamedAlice,

BobandEve.Eachofthenetworkshaditsownjob——AlicesentmessagestoBob,Evetried

to“eavesdrop''^俞।听）andfindoutthemessages,andAliceandBobhadtofigureoutawayto

hidethemessagesfromEve.AllthehelpthatAliceandBobgotfromtheresearchersbefore

themissionbeganwasmadeupofasetofnumbers,whichEvedidn'thaveaccess

to.

Atfirst,Alicewasnotverygoodatsendingsecretmessages.Butslowlyitworkedona

waytoencrypt（力口密）them——puttinginformationintoaspecialcodesothatotherscouldnot

understanditiftheygottheinformation-usinghenumbersgivenbyresearchers.Andafter

practice,Bobalsocametobeabletodecrypt（解密）Alice'smessages.Withoutthenumbersor

keys,EvefailedtounderstandAlice's"speech“mostofthetime.

Thistestisconsideredabigstepinthedevelopmentofcomputers,learningskills.

"Computingwithneuralnetworksonthisscalehasonlybecomepossibleinthelastfewyears,

sowetrulyareatthebeginningofwhafspossible,JoeSturonasofUSencryptioncompany

PKWAREtoldNewScientistmagazine.

Unfortunately,thetesthappenedonlyoneweekafterUKphysicistStephenHawking,

WhilespeakingatCambridgeUniversity,warnedhowAI(artificialintelligence)coulddevelop

awillofitsown.Thiscouldbe"eitherthebestortheworstthingevertohappentohuman

being"，hesaid.

ButjustasSturonaspointedout,nomatterwhatthepossibilitiesofcomputersareinthe

future,theyarejuststartingout.Westillhaveplentyoftimetoworkoutasolutionbefore

theygetanywherenearbecomingathreattohumanity.

1.Forwhatpuiposewasthetestconducted?

A.Tostudyhowneuronsworkinthehumanbrain.

B.Tostudyhowcomputingsystemsworkandlearn.

C.Tofindoutamoreeffectivewaytokeepsecrets.

D.Tofindoutamorepowerfulwaytobreakthecodes.

2.Howdoesthecomputingsystemworkinthetest?

A.encrypting-messages-code-messages-decrypting

B.messages-encrypting—code-decrypting—messages

C.code—messages-encrypt-decrypting—messages

D.messages-code-decrypting-encrypting—messages

3.WhatcanwelearnfromHawking'swanning?

A.AImustbeablessing.B.AIshouldbeforbidden.

C.AIissuretobeafailure.D.AIisadouble-edgedsword.

4.What'sSturonasattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofAI?

A.Hopeful.B.Doubtful.

C.Puzzled.D.Panicked.

B

（2021•全国高三专题练习）Astudyofmorethanfivemillionbooks,bothfiction

andnon-fiction,hasfoundamarkeddeclineintheuseofemotionalwordsovertime.The

researchersformtheUniversityofBristolusedGoogleNgramViewer,anonlinedatabasefor

findingthefrequencyoftermsinscannedbooks,tolookformorethan600particularwords

identifiedasrepresentinganger,dislike,fear,joy,sadnessandsurprise.

Theyfoundthatalmostallofthecategoriesshowedadropinthese“moodwords”over

time.Onlyinthecategoryoffearwasthereanincreaseinusage.

“Itisasteadyandcontinuousdecline,saidDrAlbertoAcerbi.Heassumedthatthe

resultmightbeexplainedbyachangeinthepositionoccupiedbyliterature,inacrowded

medialandscape.4tOnethingcouldbethatinparalleltobooksthe20thcenturysawthestart

ofothermedia.Maybethesemedia-movies,radio,drama-hadmoreemotionalcontent

thanbooks.”

Althoughbothjoyandsadnessfollowedthegeneraldownwardstrend,theresearch,

publishedinthejournalPLOSOne,foundthattheyalsoexhibitedanotherinteresting

behavior:theratio（比率）betweenthetwovariedgreatly,apparentlymirroringhistorical

events.DuringtheRoaringTwentiesthejoy-to-sadnessratioreacheditshighestpointthat

wouldnotoccuragainuntilbeforetherecentfinancialcrash.Then,in1941,theratioplunged

attheheightofWorldWarII.

Nevertheless,theresearchersheldareservedopinionabouttheirclaimthattheirresult

reflectedwidersocialtrends.Inthepaper,theyevenarguethattheoppositecouldbetrue.tcIt

hasbeensuggested,forexample,thatitwasthesuppression（压抑）ofdesireinordinary

ElizabethanEnglishlifethatincreaseddemandforwriting'filledwithromanceperhaps,

theyconclude,"songsandbooksmaynotreflecttherealpopulationanymorethancatwalk

modelsreflecttheaveragebody.^^

5.Thestudywascarriedoutbywayof.

A.scanningthebookswithanonlinescannerB.countingthenumberofwordsinthe

books

C.searchingdigitizedtextsforemotionalwordsD.analyzingdifferenttopicsofthebooks

6.Whichofthefollowingisoneoftheresearchfindings?

A.Usagedecreasedinallthecategoriesofmoodwords.

B.Usageofmostmoodwordskeptfallingovertime.

C.Thedeclinewascausedbytheriseofothermedia.

D.Theunfavorablepositionofliteratureledtothedecline.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plunged”probablymean?

A.increasedB.changedC.droppedD.twisted

8.Theresearcherssuspectthat.

A.theirresearchresultreflectedwidersocialtrends.

B.theirresearchresultwasthecontraryofsocialtrends.

C.therewasasuppressionofdesireinElizabethanEnglishlife.

D.catwalkmodelsreflectthepopulationbetterthansongsandbooks.

C

（2020•浙江诸暨中学高三期中）Microaggressionsareminorracialattacks.

Gabrielle,a15-year-oldteenager,knowsthepainofmicroaggressionsalltoowell,uWhenI

wasintheseventhgrade,thisguytoldmethatmyhairlookedlikearat'snestandIneededto

combit.Itmakesyoufeelawfulandmakesyoufeellikeyouaredismissedanditmakesyou

feelunheard,shesaid.

MicroaggressionsarebeingspokenaboutnowbyyoungblackteenagerslikeGabrielle

inlightoftheracialunrestacrossthecountryandamidthenewschoolyear."We'reprettyfor

blackgirls,saidotherblackteenagers,describingmicroaggressionstheyhavefaced."We're

outspokentobeblack.”

Accordingtoastudy,blackteenagersexperienceanaverageofoverfiveincidentsof

discriminationaday,specificallyteenagegirls.

“Idobelievethatmicroaggressionsandracismarepartofaseriesofcontinuousevents,v

Dr.Walkersaid."Experiencingactsofmicroaggressioncanhaveaneffectonself-respect/*

shesaid."Itstartstoaffectanxietyanddepressionandworry.HBlackchildrenwhoare

exposedtoracismfacehealthrisksloo,withhigherratesofobesity,aswellasdepression,

datashows.Therateofsuicideattemptsamongblackteensalsocontinuestorise,whilerates

amongotherracialgroupshavefallen.

Microaggressionscanalsobecomplicated,especiallyifthepersonwhoisoffendinghas

nointentionofbeinghurtful.Walker'sadviceforyoungblackgirlsistobothtakeadeep

breathandalsotrytoeducateotherpeople,whenpossible.<6Takeadeepbreathandcentering

yourself"shesaid."Theycouldsay,youmaynothaverealizedit,butwhatyousaidis

hurtful.^^

Walkersayshismaytakesomepractice,butitisskillthatcanbedeveloped.thinka

lotoftimesinoursocietywewanttobeperfectandthingsjustrightforus,butalotoftimes,

itdoestakepractice,andthafsokay.Justkeepatitandleadwithsympathy.^^

9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeGabrielle?

A.Shethinksmicroaggressionsarenotserious.B.Shebecomesconcernedabouther

hairstyle.

C.Shefeelsuncomfortableaboutmicroaggression.D.Shedistinguishesherselfamong

blackteengirls.

10.HowdoesGabriellesoundwhentalkingofherracialidentity?

A.Bitter.B.Sympathetic.C.Angry.D.Proud

11.WhatdoesDr.Walkerrecommenddoing?

A.Theoffendedblackgirlsshouldvoicetheirfeelingsfrankly.

B.Sheadviseshandlingmicroaggressionsanddiscriminationequally.

C.Greatimportancemaybeattachedtoblackgirls'mentalhealth.

D.Blackteengirlsareadvisedtoignoreunintentionalmicroaggressions.

12.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.RacialMicroaggressionsAreSlightandUnintentionalOffences

B.HurtBlackTeenGirlsSpeakOutAboutRacialMicroaggressions

C.MinorMicroaggressionsCausedRacialUnrestacrosstheCountry

D.BlackTeenGirlsAreAppealingtotheSocietyforStrongSympathy

D

(2021•辽宁高三期末)WolffPoetryLiteraryScholarshipAwards

Ifyouenjoypoetryandenjoywritingpoetry,thenweinviteyoutosubmitanoriginal

poem.Eachscholarshipweofferwillbetheme-basedandhavespecificrequirements.

DescriptionforPoetryScholarships

TheWolffPoetryLiteraryScholarshipAwardsisopentostudents25yearsoryoungerto

theageof12,eitheryouareacurrentgradeorhighschoolstudentwhoislookingforwardto

attendingcollegeorisattendinganundergraduateorgraduatecourseincreativewriting.

PoetryScholarshipGuidelines

1.Poemscanberhymingornon-rhyming；wedofavornon-rhyming.

2.Originalityandexpressiveformaboutemotionsandfeelingsiswhatdigsatoursouls.

3.Poemsarejudgedonthebasisofgrammar,originality,creativity,anduniqueness.

4.English-languagepoemsonly；wewillnotacceptanythingelse.

5.Enterasoftenasyoulike!

PoetryScholarshipRules

Allpoemsmustbetheoriginalcreationofthesubmittingauthor.Allrightstothepoems

mustbeownedbytheauthorandshallremainthepropertyoftheauthor.Theauthorgives

WolffPoetryLiteraryMagazinepermissiontopublishanddisplaythepoemontheWeb(in

electronicformonly)ifthepoemischosenasawinnerorfinalist.Winnerswillbecontacted

within45daysofthedeadlinedate.The$250scholarshipisopentoeveryoneexcept

employeesofWolffPoetryLiteraryMagazineandtheirfamilies.

13.Whataretheawardsintendedfor?

A.Allstudents.B.Collegestudents.

C.Anypoetrylover.D.Studentsagedfrom12to25.

14.Whatwillresultindisqualification?

A.Arhymingpoem.B.Anoriginalcreation.

C.Apoemofauniquestyle.D.ApoemwritteninChinese.

15.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewinners?

A.Theyhavetoabandonthecopyrightsoftheirpoems.

B.Allofthemwillshareatotalof$250scholarship.

C.Theirpoemswillbereadontheorganizer'swebsite.

D.TheywillbeemployedbyWolffPoetryLiteraryMagazine.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12・5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

（2021-江苏常州市•常州高级中学高三月考）ForChristiansaroundtheworld,

WednesdayisthebeginningofLent.Itisthefirstdayofasix-weekreligiousobservance

beforetheEasterholiday.

Lentisatimeofsacrifice.16..ButbeforeLentbegins,peoplegetonelastchanceto

enjoythemselves.SomeattendcelebrationsontheTuesdaybeforeLent,alsoknownasFat

Tuesday.Insomecultures,peoplecelebrateFatTuesdaybyeatingasweetbreadtreatcalled

paczki.17..OnTuesday,thePaczkiDaywastrendingonsocialmedia.Manypeopleshared

photographsofthesugary,roundtreats.

Traditionally,paczkiisfilledwithsweetfruityjamsmadefromplumsandthefruitsof

theroseplant.18..Itisreportedthatahotdogstandwillservea“ConeyPaczki."Thatisa

pieceofmeatinsideofsweetpaczkiinsteadofatraditionalbun.Onecanaddmustard,chili

andevenonions.19..

OtherpeoplecelebratedPaczkiDaybybringinglargeboxesofthetreatstotheiroffice.

ATwitteruserpostedaphotoofatleast20paczkiandasked“istheresuchathingastoo

manypaczki?"20..HefoundthematafoodstandinoneDetroitneighborhood,andmadea

videoshowinghispaczki-eatingexperience.

A.SoFatTuesdayisalsoknownasPaczkiDay.

B.PaczkiarefromPolandandsimilartodoughnuts.

C.ButanothermoretraditionalTwitteruserthoughtitwasjustnottherightwaytocelebrate

FatTuesday.

D.ManyChristiansstopeatingmeatandgiveupsugarandalcoholicdrinks.

E.AdoctorfromEgyptwentlookingforhalalpaczki.

F.ChristmasisthemainfestivalofChristiansallovertheworld.

G.Butthesedays,peoplewillputjustaboutanythinginsidepaczki.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处

的最佳选项。

（2021•辽宁辽阳市•高三期末）Wewerefinishingthefirstlesson,justLoriandme.

Wehadspentthe21takingbabysteps.Shehadledmedowntheshallow

wheelchair-accessslopeintothepool,22metotakeastepdeeper,andthenanother.

Ihadbeenafraidofwatermywholelife.Atageforty-four,Ihadno23ofever

enjoyinganybodyofwater.Evenwalkingaroundtheedgeofapoolwasunsettling.I24

myfearinordertosaveface,andfewpeople25Ifearedwater.

Whenthewaterreachedmychest,LoricouldtellIhadreachedmylimit.Ihad26

myfirsteverswimminglesson.Ibreathedasighof27andturnedtowalkbackoutthe

shallowend.

“Let'strygoingthisway,“Lorisaid.Iwas28asIunderstoodwhatshemeant.

Shewantedmetowalkalongtheedgeofthepooltothe29end.Ihadseenthe

blue-paintedblocknumbers.Fiveandahalffeet?Noway!

“Just30it,"Loripressed.Asthewaterdepthincreased,Imovedmoreandmore

31.Aswenearedthe5-fbotmark,myprogresswassodifficultthatLori32.

ButIinchedon.

Ididit!Istoodonthefloorofthefarendofthepool,33withreliefand

excitement.Fivemonthslater,Iswamthelengthofthepool,enjoying34and

applausefromfellowswimmers.Sometimesthebiggestdealofallistowalkintotheshallow

endandcomeoutawinneratthe35end,nomatterhowlongittakestogetthere.

21.A.hourB.dayC.monthD.year

22.A.forcingB.encouragingC.observingD.protecting

23.A.problemB.opinionC.memoryD.time

24.A.overcameB.foughtC.hatedD.hid

25.A.admittedB.doubtedC.knewD.wondered

26.A.gotthroughB.heldonC.keptoffD.escapedfrom

27.A.fearB.sorrowC.worryD.relief

28.A.inspiredB.shockedC.ashamedD.amused

29.A.rightB.leftC.oppositeD.same

30.A.tryB.makeC.takeD.get

31.A.slowlyB.randomlyC.hopelesslyD.smoothly

32.A.daredB.regrettedC.succeededD.hesitated

33.A.tremblingB.whisperingC.strugglingD.wandering

34.A.shoutsB.tearsC.cheersD.laughs

35.A.farB.closeC.wideD.deep

非选择题部分

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)

第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

(2020•上海杨涌区•复旦附中高三月考)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillin

theblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswitha

givenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,

useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

TraditionalChinesemedicine,practicedforthousandsofyears,ishavingtrouble

maintainingtractioninmanypartsofthecountry,saidthepresidentofaTCMhospitalin

Henanprovince.

nIhavevisitedmanycountiesacrossthecountryandfoundthatmanyofthem36.(not

have)asingleTCMhospital,"saidPangGuomingofKaifengHospitalofTCMin

Kaifeng."Insomecounties,TCMhospitalsusetheoldbuildingofotherhospitals,whichhave

movedtobiggerandnewbuildings.

“TCMisauniquehealthresourceforChina,andmoreeffortshouldbemadetopromote

itsoitplaysa37.(big)partinuniversalhealth-care：

ThedevelopmentofTCM38.(expect)toaccelerate,withaguidelinerecentlyapproved

bythetopleadershipaimedatpromotinginnovationandthepassingonofTCMknowledge.

EqualimportanceshouldbegiventothedevelopmentofTCMandWestern

medicine39.(promote)theircomplementarynature,saidtheguideline,whichwasreleased

andapprovedinJuly.MoreeffortsshouldbemadetoimprovetheTCMservicesystem,

promotehigh-qualitydevelopmentoftheTCMindustryandboostTCMtalent

building,40.said.

TCMhospitalsandclinicsinChinaprovidednearby1.1billionpatientserviceslastyear,

ariseof5.2percentcomparedwith2017.However,modemhospitalsprovidethemajorityof

services,withtotalpatientservicesprovidedbyhospitalsandclinics—includingmodern

medicineandTCMhospitalsandclinics-41.(reach)7.5billioninthefirst11monthsoflast

year,ayear-on-yearriseof3.2percent.

*'Comparedwith42.modernmedicineisregarded,manylocalauthoritiesstillhavenot

givenenoughimportancetoTCMdevelopment.

"Meanwhile,manypeopletendtoevaluateempirical(经验主义的)TCMwith

standards43.(mean)formodernmedicine,whichisalsoamajorobstacletoTCM

developmentandrecognition,"Pangsaid.

MaJianzhong,chairmanoftheWorldFederationofChineseMedicineSocieties,

said44.innovationinTCMtheory,technologicalinnovationisnecessarytoencouragethe

developmentofTCM.

"TCMtechnologies45.borrowmoderntechnologysothatitcanplayabetterrolein

treatment,"Masaid.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节、提纲类作文（满分15分）

（2021.江苏南通市.高三期末）假如你是李华，正参加“每周读一本好书，写一篇书评”

活动。请根据所给提示用英语一篇书评。

书名《卖火柴的小女孩》TheLittleMatchGirl

作者安徒生Andersen

故事简介大年夜的晚上，卖火柴的小女孩五次擦燃了火柴，在火光中看到不同的

幻象，最后在幻象中微笑着冻死在街头。

感受..

注意：1.词数100字左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

第二节、读后续写（满分25分）

（2021・辽宁高三期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之

构成一篇完整的短文。

There'saCrocodileinOurPickleJar（咸菜缸）

“Alex,yourbrotherateeverythingonhisplate.Whydon'tyoubeagoodboytooandeat

yourdinner?”saidAIex*sMom,“Iguessyouwon'tbehungryforsweetsthen”.

“ButI'mnothungry,1'saidAlex.

Alex'sMomwalkedovertothecountertopandbroughtoverthemostmouth-watering,

tastylookingdessertyoueverdidsee,"Okay,whowantsapieceofchocolatecake?”Before

anyoneelseatthetablecouldspeakasingleword,Alexcalledout,“Me,me,me,me,me!”

“Alex,youjustsaidyou'renothungry,41saidAlex'sMom.HHowcouldyoupossiblywant

apieceofcake?”

“IjustgothungryallofasuddenJsaidAlex.

“Good,Ibetyou'rereadytoeatyourpeasandcarrotsthen.,,

"Pmnothungryforthem.I'lljusthaveapieceofcakeplease,46saidAlex.

“Alex,itdoesn*tworkthatway.Togetapieceofcakeyou'llhavetoeatyourdinner

first.

"ButIdon*twanttoo!"

“Well,1guessyou*lljusthavetocallitanight,“saidAlex*sDad."You'reexcusedfrom

thetableAlex.Brushyourteethandgettobed,youngman.^^

“Yes,sir,"repliedAlex.

AsAlexstoodupfromthetable,hisbrotherpretendedtobeflyinganairplane.Aftera

biteofchocolatecakemadeasafelandinginhisbrother'smouth,Alexranoutoftheroomas

fastashecould.Beingsenttobedwithouthavingdessertwastoughenough,butbeingteased

byhisbrotheriswhatreallytookthecake.

Afterhebrushedhisteethandclimbedintobed,Alexfoundithardtofallasleepthat

night.Hisstomachsoundedlikeanangrylionandhefeltdizzy.Alexwassohungrythathe

feltweakandtheroomwasspinning!Ashemadehiswaytothekitchenandopenedthe

refrigeratordoor,Alexcouldhardlywaittosneakanicebigpieceofchocolatecake.Heknew

thatwouldmakehimfeelbetter.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

ButAlexwasshockedtoseeacrocodileswimminginajarofpickles.

ThenAlex'sparentsremindedhimofhowimportantfoodwasfbrenergy.

参考答案

1.B2.B3.D4.A

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌智囊团做了一项测试研究“神经网络”计算系统，这项测试被认为是计算机

学习技能发展的一大步。霍金警告人工智能可以发展出自己的意志，而美国加密公司PKWARE的乔・斯图

纳斯则表示对人工智能的发展充满了希望。

1.

推理判断题。根据第一段"TheGoogleBrainteamhasbeenworkingoncomputingsystemscalled"neural

networks^^—systemsthatweredesignedbasedonhowneuronsworkinthehumanbrain.（谷歌智囊团队一直在研

究一种叫做“神经网络”的计算系统，这种系统是根据人类大脑中的神经元的工作原理而设计的）”和第四段中

“Thistestisconsideredabigstepinthedevelopmentofcomputers,learningskills.（这项测试被认为是计算机学

习技能发展的一大步）”可知，进行测试的目的是研究计算机系统如何工作和学习。故选B项。

2.

细节理解题。根据第三段“Atfirst,Alicewasnotverygoodatsendingsecretmessages.Butslowlyitworkedona

waytoencrypt（力口密）them——puttinginformationintoaspecialcodesothatotherscouldnotunderstanditifthey

gottheinformation-usinghenumbersgivenbyresearchers.Andafterpractice,Bobalsocametobeableto

decrypt（解密）Alice'smessages.Withoutthenumbersorkeys,EvefailedtounderstandAlice's"speech"mostof

thetime”起初，爱丽丝不太擅长发送秘密信息。但慢慢地，它找到了一种加密的方法——将信息放入一种

特殊的代码中，这样即使别人得到信息也无法理解——使用研究人员给出的数字。经过练习，鲍勃也能够

解密爱丽丝的信息。没有数字和密钥，伊芙大部分时间都听不懂爱丽丝的“讲话可知，计算系统在测试中

是工作的过程是：得到信息——加密——生成代码——解密——得到信息。故选B项。

3.

推理判断题。根据第五段“Unfbrtunately,thetesthappenedonlyoneweekafterUKphysicistStephenHawking,

WhilespeakingatCambridgeUniversity,warnedhowAI（artificialintelligence）coulddevelopawillofitsown.

Thiscouldbe"eitherthebestortheworstthingevertohappentohumanbeing”,hesaid.（不幸的是，就在这次测

试发生的一周前，英国物理学家史蒂芬・霍金在剑桥大学发表演讲，警告人工智能可以发展出自己的意志。

他说，这可能是“人类历史上发生的最好或最坏的事情可知，霍金的话表明人工智能是一把双刃剑。故选

D项。

4.

推理判断题。根据最后一段"ButjustasSturonaspointedout,nomatterwhatthepossibilitiesofcomputersarein

thefuture,theyarejuststartingout.Westillhaveplentyoftimetoworkoutasolutionbeforetheygetanywhere

nearbecomingathreattohumanity.（但正如斯图纳斯所指出的，无论未来计算机的发展前景如何，它们都只

是刚刚起步。在它们接近成为对人类的威胁之前，我们仍有足够的时间来制定解决方案。户可知，斯图纳斯

对人工智能的发展持充满希望的态度。故选A项。

5.C6.B7.C8.B

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。有研究发现，在各种类型的书籍中，表达情感的词汇用量在下降，单单表达恐惧的词汇

用量呈上升趋势，文章分析了造成这种情绪词汇下降的原因，指出表示快乐的词汇用量与表示悲伤的词汇

用量这两者的比率，间接反映出历史事件和社会趋势。

5.

细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheresearchersformtheUniversityofBristolusedGoogleNgramViewer,anonline

databaseforfindingthefrequencyoftermsinscannedbooks,tolookformorethan600particularwordsidentified

asrepresentinganger,dislike,fear,joy,sadnessandsurprise.（来自布里斯托尔大学的研究人员使用谷歌Ngram

Viewer—一个查找扫描书籍中词汇出现频率的在线数据库，寻找了600多个代表愤怒、不喜欢、恐惧、高

兴、悲伤和惊讶的特定词汇）”可知，这项研究是通过在数字化文本中搜索情感词汇来进行的。故选C。

6.

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theyfoundthatalmostallofthecategoriesshowedadropinthese'moodwords'

overtime.（他们发现，随着时间的推移，几乎所有类别的“情绪词汇”都有所下降）“可知，B选项“大多数情绪

词的使用随着时间的推移而不断下降''是研究发现之一。故选Bo

7.

词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“Althoughbothjoyandsadnessfollowedthegeneraldownwardstrend,theresearch,

publishedinthejournalPLOSOne,foundthattheyalsoexhibitedanotherinterestingbehavior:theratio（比率）

betweenthetwovariedgreatly,apparentlymirroringhistoricalevents.DuringtheRoaringTwentiesthe

joy-to-sadnessratioreacheditshighestpointthatwouldnotoccuragainuntilbeforetherecentfinancialcrash.“可

知1"欢乐悲伤比率”最高的两个时期分别是“咆哮的二十年代''和金融危机前，其他时期都遵循了普遍的下降趋

势，故1941年，在第二次世界大战最激烈的时候，这一比例在下降。画线词意思为“下降A.increased增

加；B.changed改变；C.dropped下降；D.twisted扭曲。故选C。

8.

细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Nevertheless,theresearchersheldareservedopinionabouttheirclaimthattheir

resultreflectedwidersocialtrends.Inthepaper,theyevenarguethattheoppositecouldbetrue.（然而，研究人员

对他们的结果反映了更广泛的社会趋势的说法持保留意见。在论文中，他们甚至认为，情况可能恰恰相反）”

可知，研究人员怀疑他们的研究结果与社会趋势相反。故选B。

9.CIO.Dll.A12.B

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国社会上存在的“微歧视”现象，它是指轻微的种族攻击。根据一项研

究，黑人青少年平均每天经历5次以上的歧视事件，尤其是少女，对此一名黑人青少年女孩Gabrielle勇敢

讲出她们面临的种族霸凌。专家也就如何应对这些欺凌提出了一些建议。

9.

推理判断题。根据第一段“Microaggressionsareminorracialattacks.Gabrielle,a15-year-oldteenager,knowsthe

painofmicroaggressionsalltoowell,uWhenIwasintheseventhgrade,thisguytoldmethatmyhairlookedlikea

rat*snestandIneededtocombit.Itmakesyoufeelawfulandmakesyoufeellikeyouaredismissedanditmakes

youfeelunheard,shesaid.（微歧视是轻微的种族攻击。15岁的青少年Gabrielle非常清楚轻微歧视带来的痛

苦：‘我上七年级的时候，那个家伙说我的头发像个老鼠窝，我需要梳理一下。这会让你感觉糟糕，让你觉

得自己被忽视了，让你觉得没有人倾听你的声音。‘广可推知，Gabrielle对微歧视行为感到不舒服。故选C。

10.

推理判断题。根据第二段“MicroaggressionsarebeingspokenaboutnowbyyoungblackteenagerslikeGabrielle

inlightoftheracialunrestacrossthecountryandamidthenewschoolyear.'We'reprettyfbrblackgirls/saidother

blackteenagers,describingmicroaggressionstheyhavefaced."We^eoutspokentobeblack.'（鉴于全国的种族骚

乱以及新学年的到来，像Gabrielle这样的年轻黑人青少年开始谈论，微歧视,其他黑人青少年在描述她们所

面临的微歧视时说：‘我们是漂亮的黑人女孩，我们坦率地承认自己是黑人。’广可推知，当Gabrielle谈到她

的种族身份时，她感觉自豪。故选D。

11.

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Microaggressionscanalsobecomplicated,especiallyifthepersonwhois

offendinghasnointentionofbeinghurtful.Walker'sadvicefbryoungblackgirlsistobothtakeadeepbreathand

alsotrytoeducateotherpeople,whenpossible.'Takeadeepbreathandcenteringyourself?shesaid."Theycould

say,youmaynothaverealizedit,butwhatyousaidishurtful.’（微歧视也可能是复杂的，尤其是当冒犯者无意伤

害他人的时候。W