10应用文写作必背(方法、策略、途径)-冲刺2023年高考英语考前必背词汇+写作模板+范文

应用文写作必背(方法、策略、途径)第一部分：英语写作高分亮点表达技巧简单句式奠定语言基础1.主谓(SV):主语+谓语(不及物动词)此句式用来表达主语的动作或状态。其特点是句子的谓语动词为不及物动词,本身能表达完整的意思,可以根据意思表达的需要添加副词、介词短语、状语从句等。①上午七点钟,我们从学校大门口出发。At7a.m.westartedattheschoolgate.

②几分钟后,那只黑熊回来了。Afewminuteslater,theblackbearcameback.

2.主系表(SVP):主语+系动词+表语此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样,其中谓语动词需用系动词,表语多是形容词,也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式或动名词等。①这次比赛的目的是鼓励我们学生多关注身体锻炼。Thepurposeofthisracewastoinspireusstudentstopaymoreattentiontophysicalexercise.

②我的英语老师对我们既严格又有爱心。MyEnglishteacherisbothstrictwithusandfullofloveforus.

3.主谓宾(SVO):主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语此句式的特点为谓语动词均为及物动词,其后必须接一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能表达完整的意思。宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或不定式、宾语从句等。①我们的表演需要您的指导。Weneedyourguidanceonourperformance.

②中国拥有悠久的历史和丰富的文化。Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.

4.主谓宾宾(SVOO):主语+谓语+间宾+直宾此句式中的谓语动词必须接两个宾语才能表达完整意思,其中一个是表示人的间接宾语,另一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般情况下间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。①她表扬了约翰的提议并给他提供了一些建议。ShepraisedJohnforhisproposal,andofferedhimsomeadvice.

②自从我们上高中以来,他一直教我们英语。HehasbeenteachingusEnglishsinceweenteredseniorhighschool.

5.主谓宾补(SVOC):主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语此句式中的谓语动词虽然是及物动词,但只接一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须再加一个成分对宾语进行补充说明才能使句子意思完整。宾语补足语可以由名词、动词、形容词、副词、动词-ing、动词不定式或动词的过去分词等充当。①我们决定以优秀同学为榜样,让我们自己对整个社会更有用。Wearedeterminedtofollowtheexamplesofourexcellentschoolmatesandmakeourselvesusefultothewholesociety.

②最后,那头熊在篱笆上撕了个洞,把头伸了进来。Atlast,thebeartoreaholeinthefenceandputhisheadin.

6.Therebe句型Therebe句型用来表达某处存在某人或某物,其基本结构是“Therebe+主语”,动词be的人称和数要和后面的主语保持一致。①在我们周围有许多值得尊重的人。Therearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.

②有一条小河流经这家农场。Thereisasmallriverflowingthroughthefarm.

高级词汇确保语言生动1.替换常用简单词(1)名词变身机会chance→opportunity选择choice→alternative课程course→curriculum影响effect→influence/impact后果result→consequence缺点shortcoming→drawback方法way→approach职业job→career/profession建议advice→guidance问题problem→issue老人oldpeople→theelderly/theaged/seniorcitizens青少年youngpeople→youngsters/youths/adolescents几天前afewdaysago→theotherday(2)动词变身看见see→catchsightof遇见meet→comeacross喜欢like→haveapassionfor/befondof/haveanaffectionfor引起cause→leadto/resultin/giveriseto拥有have→possess提高develop/improve→promote替代replace→substitute注意到notice→spot完成finish→accomplish面对face→befacedwith/beconfrontedwith容忍bear→tolerate/putupwith处理dealwith→copewith使某人意识到makesb.realize→raisesb.‘sawarenessof决定decide→determine/makeupone’smind考虑consider→takeintoconsideration/account应该should→besupposedto理解understand→makesenseof/figureout续表使用use→employ/makeuseof/takeadvantageof道歉apologize→makeanapology记住remember→keepinmind发生happen→occur/comeabout想起thinkof→occurto/comeupwith感谢thank→appreciate帮助某人helpsb.→dosb.afavor节省save→setaside参观visit→payavisitto分发handout→distribute站起来standup→risetoone’sfeet由……组成bemadeupof→consistof习惯于beusedto→beaccustomedto一定besuretodo→beboundtodo反对beagainst→objectto厌烦beboredwith→befedupwith忙于bebusywith→beoccupiedwith/beengagedin闻名befamousfor→haveareputationfor感到舒服feelcomfortable→feelatease美化校园maketheschoolbeautiful→beautifytheschool想做某事wanttodosth.→intend/desiretodosth.照看lookafter→attendto尽力做某事tryone’sbesttodosth.→sparenoefforttodosth.向某人寻求帮助asksb.forhelp→turntosb.forhelp(3)形容词变身令人惊奇的surprising→amazing/astonishing/shocking贫穷的poor→needy/poverty/stricken优秀的excellent→outstanding明显的obvious→apparent/evident常见的common→universal充足的enough→adequate勤奋的hard-working→diligent可用的useable→available困难的difficult→challenging坚强的strong→tough重要的important→significant/vital不可能的impossible→outofthequestion有趣的interesting→absorbing→striking/appealing小心谨慎的careful→cautious幸运的lucky→fortunate巨大的large→enormous合适的proper→appropriate丰富的rich→abundant古老的old→ancient唯一的only→unique全部的whole→entire富裕的rich→wealthy许多的many→alargequantityof有空的free→available有益处的beuseful→beofbenefit高兴的glad→delighted激动的excited→thrilled坏的bad→disgusting/awful著名的famous→distinguished(4)其他词类变身突然suddenly→allofasudden立即immediately→inaflash有时sometimes→occasionally/onceinawhile/fromtimetotime另外;况且besides→inaddition/what’smore/moreover因此so→therefore第一;首先first→tobeginwith/startwith第二;其次second→inaddition/what’smore最终finally→eventually关于about→concerning也too→aswell否则or→otherwise事实上infact→asamatteroffact故意地onpurpose→bydesign/deliberately总之inaword→tosumup/inconclusion/insummary因为becauseof→onaccountof/dueto/owingto/thanksto例句：①Thespecialdayallowspeopletoshowtheirloveandaffectionfor(对……表达爱和情感)theirfathers.

②It’sadvisable/wise(是明智的)forpeopletousetheircell-phonesmoreappropriately/properly(更恰当地).

③Withoutsufficientpreparation(没有充分准备),youcanhardlyexpecttoanswerallthequestionscorrectlyandobtainsatisfactorymarks,letalonebeadmittedintoadesirableuniversity(梦想的大学).

④TracysaidshehadalreadyinformedSusanof(通知苏珊)thechangeoftheappointment.

⑤PeoplegenerallythoughtitimpossiblefortheChineseteamtowinthechampionshipintheRioOlympicGames,buttheyovercamemanyhurdles(克服许多障碍)andeventuallyworkedmiracles/wonders(最终创造了奇迹).

⑥DramaNightisscheduledto(预定)beheldontheeveningofnextFridayinthetheatrehall.

⑦Additionally(此外),havingbeenawardedscholarshiptwiceinourschool,Ihaveexcellentacademicperformance(极好的学术成就).

⑧Thisphenomenonhasbecomeaconcern/focus(成为焦点)wemustfacetodaybecauseofmanyseriousconsequences(许多严重后果)causedbyimproperuseofcell-phones.

2.变化所用词的词性在作文中,可以通过改变一个词的词性,使文章富有变化,让阅卷者感受到考生对词汇各种用法的掌握水平和灵活运用的程度。常见的变化词性的策略有名词变动词、动词变名词、形容词变名词等。(1)名词变动词Peopleareconcernedaboutthegradualdisappearanceofthetraditionalvalues.→Peopleareconcernedbecausethetraditionalvaluesaregraduallydisappearing.传统价值观正在渐渐地消亡,这让人们很担忧。(2)动词变名词Afterwatchinghisperformance,Ifoundhecouldreallydanceverywell.→Afterwatchinghisperformance,Ifoundhimareallygooddancer.看了他的表演之后,我发现他跳舞跳得很棒。(3)形容词变名词IwrotealettertoTomtothankhimforhisbeingsokind.→IwrotealettertoTomtothankhimforhiskindness.我写信给汤姆对他的善良表示感谢。3.善用短语汉语高级短语努力strugglefor=strivefor=sparenoeffortsfor从事embarkon=setabout=goinfor在当代incontemporarysociety=inpresent-daysociety=inthisdayandage大量的ahostof=agreatnumberof=alargeamountof更糟糕的是what’sworse=worsestill=tomakemattersworse遇见;偶遇meet=runinto=comeacross=meetwith依我看inmyopinion=asfarasI’mconcerned=frommypointofview除了……之外(还有)besides=inadditionto=apartfrom=aswellas=alongwith一方面,另一方面ononehand,ontheotherhand=foronething,foranotherthing高度评价thinkhighlyof=singhighpraisefor=thinkwellof把……考虑在内take...intoconsideration=take...intoaccount有资格的;有能力的;胜任的befitfor=beequalto=bequalifiedfor=becompetentin参加takepartin/participatein一些如何……的建议someadvice/tips/suggestionsonhowto...对……感到紧张feelnervous/anxiousabout克服紧张;缓解焦虑ease/overcome/getovernervousness/relieveanxiety树立信心;对自己有信心buildupconfidence/haveconfidenceinyourself/beconfidentaboutyourself对……有益的beofgreatbenefit=bebeneficialto对……有害的;对……有损害的doharmto/dodamageto=beharmfulto接触到;有机会使用gain/haveaccessto=beaccessibleto对……(不)方便的beconvenient/inconvenientforsb.todo=bringconvenience/inconveniencetosb.对……有影响/作用haveaneffect/influence/impacton.../makeadifferencetosb.例句：①Frommypointofview(我认为),it’struethatcell-phonesbringuslotsofbenefitsandconvenience,butonlywhenthey’reusedmoreappropriately(恰当地)cantheyserveusbetter.

②Allmyteachersandclassmatessinghighpraiseformyproficiency(高度赞扬我的熟练)inbothChineseandEnglish.

③Takingallyourrequirementsintoaccount/consideration(考虑到你的全部要求),IfirmlybelieveI’mtherightpersonyou’relookingfor.

④Asforaccommodation,IprefertolivewithalocalfamilybecauseIwanttoimprovemyEnglishandexperienceauthenticAmericanculturecloseup(近距离体验真实的美国文化).

⑤Youareoptimisticaboutlifeandalwayshaveconfidence,whateverdifficultyyoumayencounter(遇见),whichhelpsyoustandoutamongtheclassmates.⑥Withtheimprovementofpeople’slivingstandards(随着人们生活水平的提高),cell-phonesarefloodingintoourlife.

⑦Wearesorryforanyinconveniencethatwe’llbringtoyou(给您带来的不便).Thanksforyourunderstanding.

⑧Nowadays,thesmartphoneshavefoundtheirwaytoeveryfamilyandareplayingaveryimportantroleinourlife.Theyarebeneficialtousinmanyways.However,theyalsodoharmtousmentallyandphysically(有害于我们的身心健康).

⑨Inaddition,seldomdoIhavetimetokeepmyparentscompany,soIdecidetohelpmyparentswithsomehouseworktorelease/ease/lessen/reducetheirpressure(缓解他们的压力),whichIthinkisofbenefittoenhancingtherelationship(加强关系)betweenmyfamilymembers.

复杂句式增添语言内涵1.句子形式多样化:根据表达的需求,可以采用多种句式,这样既能恰当表达,又能避免形式单一①Inrecentyears,moreandmorepeoplestarttoprotectourenvironment,whichmakesourenvironmentmoreandmorecolorful.→Inrecentyears,withmoreandmorepeoplestartingtoprotectourenvironment,ourenvironmentisbecomingmoreandmorecolorful.(with复合结构)

→Inrecentyears,therearesomanypeoplewhostarttoprotectourenvironmentthatourenvironmentisbecomingmoreandmorecolorful.(therebe句式)

②Ifyoustudyhard,youwillmakerapidprogress.→Studyhardandyouwillmakerapidprogress.(并列句)

2.使用非谓语动词形式,句子凝练高端①Shewalkedoutofthelabandmanystudentsfollowedher.(非谓语动词)→Shewalkedoutofthelab,followedbymanystudents.

②Theysangandlaughedastheywentbacktoschool.(非谓语动词)→Theywentbacktoschool,singingandlaughing.

3.运用定语从句,增加细节,填补内容①You’dbettermakefullpreparationsbeforeclassandhaveabriefunderstandingofthehistoryofTangDynasty,whichmakesiteasyforyoutogothroughtheclass(使你容易通过这门课).

②Besides,therewillbealotofusefulandinterestingactivities,fromwhichyoucanhaveaclearerpictureofChineseculture(从中你对中国文化会有更清晰的认识).

③IhavefoundaflatforyouonFangcaoStreetnearJianxinChineseschool.Itisonthethirdfloorwiththreerooms,oneofwhichisbedroom(其中一个是卧室),andtheothertwoarebathroomandkitchen.

4.巧用倒装,增强句子的表现力①ThoughI’mweak,I’llmaketheeffort.(倒装)→Weakas/thoughIam,I’llmaketheeffort.

②HehadnosoonercomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroad.(倒装)→NosoonerhadhecomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroad.

5.恰当使用强调句,增强说服力①Hedidnotknowwhathadhappeneduntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaper.(强调句)→Itwasnotuntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaperthatheknewwhathadhappened.

②Itisworkinginteamsinsteadofonmyownthathasfreedmeoftroubleandmademyworkmoreefficient.(强调句)

6.自如应用各种名词性从句,精彩纷呈①Tohissurprise,thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.(主语从句)→Whatsurpriseshimisthatthelittlegirlknowssomanythings.

②IhavejustfoundthatIhavetoattendanimportantmeetingthatafternoon(我那天下午得参加一个重要会议).

7.withorwithout精彩点缀,妙不可言①Asanoldsayinggoes,livingwithoutaclearandachievableaim(没有清晰可达到的目标)islikesailingwithoutacompass.

②Ican’tthankyouenoughforyourgeneroushelp,withoutwhichIcouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogress(没有这些帮助我不能获得这么大的进步).

8.巧用副词,充分表情达意①Shepatiently(耐心地)explainedalltherulestothestudentsandrequiredeveryonetofollowthem.②Wewereperfectly(完全地)satisfiedwiththeresultoftheexperiment.9.变主动为被动,凸显英语思维①Atmostfivebookscanbeborrowed(可以被借用)atatimeandtheycanbekept(可以保存)fortendays.

②Youareallowed(被允许)abouttenminutestoprepareforthework.

10.语气委婉而中肯,易于接受①Iwonderifyoucouldtellme(你能否告诉我)whatbooksIneedtoreadandtherequirementsofmyhomework.

②Whatdoyouthinkofit?Areyousatisfiedwithit?Ifnot,pleasetellmeasquicklyaspossible(请尽快告诉我).

起承转合增添语篇连贯完成了审题的过程,有了具体要点和整体布局后,就要整合信息点,让庞杂的内容变得富有逻辑性和层次感。在句与句内在衔接的基础上,做到段落间的起承转合,使文章有整体性、连贯性。学会正确使用连接词、衔接句,能为写作助一臂之力。Ⅰ.用好连接词在句与句之间、段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接性词语是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。连接性词语归纳如下:1.起始关系:tobeginwith,firstofall,asweallknow,asisknown,asisshownin...,accordingto等。Asweallknow,goodlearninghabitscontributetoefficientstudy.2.时间顺序:atthebeginning,then,later,finally,atlast,intheend,afterwards,sincethen,afterthat,immediately,meanwhile等。Atthebeginning,Icollectedallthethingsscatteredintheroomsandputtheminplace.ThenIwipedthedustoffallthefurniture.Afterthat,Imoppedthefloor.3.条件关系:if,unless,incase(of),as/solongas,onconditionthat,provided(that)等。Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldmeetmyuncleattheairport.4.转折关系:but,yet,however,while,otherwise,onthecontrary,nevertheless等。However,notuntilthematchwasoverdidwerealizethatwelostit.5.因果关系:because,as,since,for,thanksto,dueto,asaresultof,so,therefore,asaresult/consequence等。Therefore,thereisnoreasonforustolookdownuponordinaryjobs.6.并列关系:and,or,aswellas,notonly...butalso...,either...or...,not...but...,neither...nor...等。WewillhaveagoodtimethereandIwillsendyousomephotostakenthere.7.递进关系:besides,what’smore,moreover,furthermore,what’sworse,stillless,tomakemattersworse,worsestill,moreimportantly等。Manyofthemcanhardlylookafterthemselves,stilllessmanagetheirownlives.8.列举事实:suchas,forexample/instance,take...forexample,thatistosay,asfollows,inotherwords,ontheonehand...ontheotherhand...,foronething...foranother...等。Ontheonehand,Icanearnsomemoneybydoingittohelpmyparents;ontheotherhand,Icangainsomeexperiencefromit,whichwilldogoodtomyfuturelife.9.表示观点:inmyopinion,inmyview,frommypointofview,asfarasIamconcerned,asforme,personally等。AsfarasIamconcerned,theystandforlove,friendshipandunity.10.总结:inshort,inbrief,inconclusion,inaword,tosumup,allinall,onthewhole,ingeneral,generallyspeaking等。Allinall,travelingisthebestchoiceforustoenrichourlivesandgetreadyforthenewchallenges.Ⅱ.写好衔接句1.引出开头Itiswellknowntousthat...我们都知道……Asfarasmyknowledgeisconcerned...据我所知……Recentlytheproblemof...hasbeenbroughtintofocus.=Nowadaysthereisgrowingconcernovertheproblemof...最近……问题引起了关注2.表达不同观点People’sviewson...varyfrompersontoperson.Someholdthat...However,othersbelievethat...Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionson...人们对……可能会持有不同见解3.表示结尾Inshort,itcanbesaidthat...总之,……意思是……Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthat...从上面提到的,我们可以得出结论……4.提出建议Itishightimethatweputanendtothetrend.该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。Onlyinthiswaycanwe...只有这样,我们才能……。5.预示后果Obviously,ifwedon’tcontroltheproblem,thechancesarethat...willleadusindanger.6.表示观点AsfarasIamconcerned/Inmyopinion...就我来说……7.给出原因或顺序Foronething,...foranotherthing,...Ontheonehand,...ontheotherhand...一方面……另一方面……第二部分：英语写作语言表达升级策略一、词汇升级策略1.affect/work→makeadifference有影响;起作用2.allkindsof/various→awiderangeof种类繁多的3.attract→appealto吸引4.beactivein→getactivelyinvolvedin积极参与5.bebusywith→beabsorbedin/beoccupiedwith/in忙于6.befamousfor→haveareputationfor因……而闻名7.befitfor→bequalifiedfor胜任;适合8.begood→dogoodto/bebeneficialto有好处9.want→intend/haveanideaof想要10.bewelcome→enjoygreatpopularity受到欢迎11.becauseof→onaccountof因为12.consider→takeintoaccount/consideration考虑13.correct→polish改正,修改14.decide→makeadecision决定15.deliver→giveaway分发16.dowellin→haveagoodcommandof做得好17.emphasize→highlight突出,强调18.feelcomfortable→feelatease感到舒心19.finally→eventually最终20.immediately→inaflash立即21.improve→better/promote提高,改善22.large→enormous巨大的23.leadto→resultin/contributeto导致24.makeuseof→takeadvantageof利用25.meaningful→rewarding有意义的26.moreandmore→anincreasingnumberof越来越多的27.necessary→amust必须 28.ordinary→average普通的29.praise→singhighpraisefor高度赞扬30.quickly→withoutdelay迅速地;立即31.remember→keepinmind记住32.result→consequence后果 33.see→catchsightof看到34.should→besupposedto应该35.trytodo→makemoreeffort/sparenoeffort尽力36.understand→makesenseof/figureout/haveabetterunderstandingof理解37.usable→available可用的38.very→extremely/badly很,十分注：词汇归纳类别最常用连接词观点frommypointofview,asfarasI’mconcerned递进moreover,what’smore/worse,furthermore,inaddition并列aswellas,either...or...,notonly...butalso...因果therefore,thanksto,asaresult(of),nowthat解释thatistosay,inotherwords,toputitsimply空间ontheleft/right,atthefoot/top/endof,inthecenterof时间inthebeginning,afterawhile,sincethen,fromnowon转折while,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,incontrast列举ontheonehand...ontheotherhand,lastbutnotleast举例forinstance,take...forexample,suchas,asfollows总结inshort/brief,inconclusion,tosumup,allinall二、句式转换策略（一）词与词之间的转换1.形容词→名词(be+adj.=be+of+n.)Thisbookisveryuseful.⇒Thisbookisofgreatuse.2.动词→名词Ourcityhaschangedalottheseyears.⇒Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcitytheseyears.（二）词与句的转换Ashewastiredandhungry,theboywasunwillingtomoveon.⇒Tiredandhungry,theboywasreluctanttogoahead.（三）非谓语动词与从句之间的转换1.动名词和从句的转换(when=on+doing)Whenhearrives,pleasegivemeane-mail.⇒Onhearinghisarrival,pleasegivemeane-mail.2.分词和从句的转换(1)现在分词与从句的转换Ashewaslyinginthegrass,hethoughtofhisparentslivinginthecountryside.⇒Lyinginthegrass,hethoughtofhisparentslivinginthecountryside.(2)过去分词与从句的转换Onceitisseen,itwillneverbeforgotten.⇒Onceseen,itwillneverbeforgotten.3.不定式与从句的转换Hespokeloudersothattheaudiencecouldhearhimclearly.⇒Tomakehimselfheardclearly,hespokelouder.（四）句与句之间的转换1.简单句与复合句的转换Thegirlisspokenhighlyof.Hercompositionwaswellwritten.⇒Thegirlwhosecompositionwaswellwrittenisspokenhighlyof.2.一般句式与强调句的转换Igraduatedfromtheuniversitylastsummer.⇒ItwaslastsummerthatIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.3.条件句与祈使句的转换Ifyougothroughthegate,youwillfindtheentrancetoBearCountry.⇒Gothroughthegate,andyouwillfindtheentrancetoBearCountry.4.宾语从句与状语从句的转换Nomatterwhathesays,Iwon’tbelievehim.⇒Iwon’tbelievewhateverhesays.（五）“二态”之间的转换Thebellisringingnow.⇒Theregoesthebell.（六）其他形式的转换1.正常语序与倒装语序的转换ThoughI’mweakIwillmaketheeffort.⇒WeakasIam,Iwillmaketheeffort.Theywillnevergiveupthestruggleforsuccess.⇒Neverwilltheygiveupthestruggleforsuccess.2.陈述语气与虚拟语气的转换Theshipdidn’tsinkwithallonboardbecausethereweretheeffortsofthecaptain.⇒Butfortheeffortsofthecaptain,theshipwouldhavesunkwithallonboard.注：句式黄金表达举例Ⅰ.单句翻译1.inorderthat;sothat;soasto为了……为了提升学生的健康状态,我校举办了5千米越野赛跑活动。Inordertoimprovestudents’fitness,ourschoollaunchedthe5-kilometercross-countryrunningrace.

2.such/so位于句首时的倒装这就是令我敬重的叔叔,一位普通但不平凡的医生。Suchismyrespectableuncle—anordinarybutexcellentdoctor.

3.as引导原因状语从句我希望你收到电子邮件时一切都好,因为我们许多同学都关心你。Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell,asmanyofourclassmatesareconcernedaboutyou.

4.I’dappreciateitif...如果……我将感激不尽如果你能考虑我的申请,我将感激不尽。I’dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.

5.Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……毫无疑问,我相关的知识将会帮助观众获得更多关于独特的中国艺术形式的知识。ThereisnodoubtthatmyrelatedknowledgewillhelptheaudiencelearnmoreabouttheuniqueChineseartform.

6.祈使句+and+陈述句对旅行做好充分准备,你会玩得开心。Makegoodpreparationsforyourjourney,andyouwillenjoyyourself.

7.nosooner...than...=hardly...when...一……就……,刚刚……就……我们一下车就按照计划开始在田间工作。Nosoonerhadwegotoffthebusthanwebeganourworkinthefieldsasscheduled.

8.Thereasonwhy...isthat...原因是……她赢得我们尊重的原因是她全身心投入自己的工作。Thereasonwhyshedeservesourrespectisthatshedevotesherselftowork.

9.Itisavirtueandtraditionforsb.todosth.做某事是某人的优良传统和美德。帮助在困难中的人是我们中华民族的优良传统和美德。ItisavirtueandtraditionforusChinesepeopletohelpthoseinneed.

10.Astheoldsayinggoes,...常言道,……常言道,熟能生巧。Astheoldsayinggoes,“Practicemakesperfect”.

11.can’t/cannever...too/toomuch/enough表示“无论怎样……都不过分”社会的发展使得精通英语对我们来说变得很必要,所以我们怎么强调学习英语的重要性都不为过。ThedevelopmentofsocietyhasmadeitnecessaryforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish,sowecan’temphasizetheimportanceoflearningEnglishtoomuch.

12.主语+think/believe/feel/make+it+adj./n.(+of/forsb.)+todosth.我认为每当你遇到老师都向他们问好是礼貌的行为。Ithinkitgoodmannerstosayhellotoyourteacherswheneveryoumeetthem.

Ⅱ.一句多译1.你将会回国,这让我很难过。①Youwillreturntoyourcountrysoonandthatmakesmesad.(并列句)

②Whatupsetsmeisthatyouwillreturntoyourcountrysoon.(what引导的主语从句)

③Youwillreturntoyourcountrysoon,whichmakesmeupset.(定语从句)

2.这个饭店建立在诚信的基础上,一直运营良好。①Therestaurantisbasedontrust,anditisworkingallright.(并列句)

②Basedontrust,therestaurantisworkingallright.(分词作状语)

③Therestaurant,whichisbasedontrust,isworkingallright.(定语从句)

3.随着期末考试的来临,我们必须充分利用每一分钟来复习功课。①Wemustmakefulluseofeveryminutetogooverourlessons,asthefinalexaminationisdrawingnear.(状语从句)

②Withthefinalexaminationapproaching,wemustmakethebestof/makethemostof/takefulladvantageofeveryminutetogooverourlessons.(with复合结构)

4.我认为能否实现理想主要靠努力而不是机遇。①Inmyopinion,whatcountsonthewaytoourdreamisnotopportunitiesbutourefforts.(名词性从句)

②Frommypointofview,ourdreamisachievedrelyingnotonwha