江苏省淮安市文华中学2022年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析

江苏省淮安市文华中学2022年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.—Didyouhaveawonderfulweekend?—Wecouldhaveifit________fine.Butit________allthetime.A.was;hasrained

B.was;rained

C.hadbeen;hasrained

D.hadbeen;rained参考答案：D2.----We’reorganizingapartynextSaturday,andI’dlikeyoutocome.----_______!Ihaveanotheronethatday.Thankyoujustthesame.A.Goodluck

B.Whatapity

C.Neverdoitagain

D.Welldone

参考答案：B解析：考查情景交际用语。由答语：我那天有另外一个聚会，可推断出表示遗憾或惋惜。Goodluck表示“祝好运”；Whatapity表示“可惜”；Neverdoitagain表示“不要再做”；Welldone表示“做得很好”。故选B。3.Morepeoplearemovingtothesuburbbecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan___________inthecity.A.one

B.it

C.that D.those参考答案：C4.ItwasinthebusinessmeetingthatImadethe_____ofMr.B1ack.A.associationB.acknowledgement

C.acquaintance

D.recognition参考答案：C5.Heissuchalazyman_______nobodywantstoworkwith______.A.that;/

B.as;him

C.whom;him

D.as;/

参考答案：6.—Pleaselineupandtakeyourturn.—Good._______.A.Firstcome,firstserved

B.Easycome,easygoC.Youaresokind D.That’sallright参考答案：A7.MyfriendJackwasthefirstpersonIknew______aniPhone5S.

A.using

B.touse

C.used

D.havingused参考答案：B8.Afterclimbingforalmostfourhours,theywerealltiredout,but_____ofthemwouldstoptotakearest.A.any

B.some

C.none

D.noone参考答案：C9.I________thatyoushouldbeinvited,buttomy_______,theydidwithoutyou.A.planned;greatsurprise

B.intended;greatlysurpriseC.planned;greatsurprise

D.intended;greatsurprise参考答案：D10.Uptillthenwe______halfthedistance.A.hadonlycovered

B.covered

C.wouldonlycover

D.wouldbeonlycovered参考答案：A11._____muchadviceIgaveher,shedidwhatshewantedtodo.

A.However

B.Whatever

C.How

D.Nomatter参考答案：A12.Ataroughestimate,Nigeriais

GreatBritain.A.threetimesthesizeas

B.thesizethreetimesofC.threetimesasthesizeof

D.threetimesthesizeof

参考答案：D【知识点】特殊句式倍数的表述关系，A+系动词+倍数+the+表示“长、宽、高等计量单位名词”ofB。故选D。13.Toherjoy,Dellaearnedfirstthetrustofherstudentsandthen_____ofhercolleagues.A.those

B.one

C.ones

D.that参考答案：D14.Notonly_______,but______ahighsenseofresponsibility.A.Jackdoesworkhard;doeshealsohave

B.Jackdoesworkhard;healsohasC.doesJackworkhard;doeshealsohave

D.doesJackworkhard;healsohas参考答案：D15.Whydidn’tyoubring______tohisattentionthatyouaretooilltogoonworking?A.it

B.you

C.him

D.that参考答案：A16.I

admitIwassurprisedthisbeautifuldresscostsolittle.A.shall B.must C.might D.can参考答案：B二、完型填空17.OnthemorningthatIplannedtohandcuff(给……戴上手铐)mywristtotheWhiteHousefencealongwithotherenvironmentalleaders,Iwokeup,heartracing.I___16___thetimeinthedark.Itwas3a．m.,andIwasaloneinafriend'sguestroomjustoutsideWashington,D．C.Iturnedonthesmallbedside___17___andreachedforthecardmyhusbandandtwochildrenhadpickedoutforthe___18___，withaphotoofapolarbearleapingfromonefloatingicetothenext.Thebear'sfrontpawsstretchedout___19___inmidair—nolongeronsolidground,butnotquitelandedonthenexticeyet—fittingformyfirstactof___20___disobedience(不服从),whichwasmotivatedbyadesiretoslowglobalwarming,notonlyforthepolarbears,butalsoformyownchildren.Iopenedthe___21___andrereadmy16-year-olddaughter'snoteinthe___22___light:—“I'mhappyyoucarethismuchaboutsomethingthatwillaffectthefutureofusall，”shewrote.“Goodluck！”I___23___—imaginingherbrowneyesandflamingredhair—andturnedoffthelightagain.Forme,afiercedesiretoprotecttheworldmychildrenwillinherit(继承)ispartofbeingamother.AlongwiththesleeplessnightsIspentrockingmybabieswhentheyhadafever,Inow___24___thetwotimesI'vegonetoprisonaspartofthesacrificeI___25___make.___26___methodsforfossilfuels—whichcancausecancerandotherhealthproblems—areprofitableandstrongly___27___byoilorgascompanies.Onlywhenordinarycitizensdemandtheymakeprotectingourchildrentheirfirst___28___arepoliticiansmorelikelytosaynotothosemethods.That's___29___IhandcuffedmywristtotheWhiteHousefenceto___30___theKeystoneXLPipelineProject,alongwithmanyotherparents,whichIbelieveisclosertothereal___31___ofMother'sDay.Originally,thedaywasfoundedformotherstoteacheachotherhowtoprotecttheirchildren.Wemightnotreallyknowtheeffectofour___32___forafewdecades,thoughtherearemoments___33___thatoursacrificesarenotinvain.Theencouragingnotefrommydaughterthenightbeforemyfirst___34___wasoneofthosemoments.Itmademewantto___35___likethatpolarbear—andliketheearlyleadersofMother'sDay—andtakealeap.16.A.missed B.set C.checked D.hit17.A.iPhone B.radio C.computer D.lamp18.A.tension B.occasion C.revision D.possession19.A.constantly B.distantly C.instantly D.expectantly20.A.crucial B.civil C.central D.chief21.A.letter B.book C.card D.leaflet22.A.different B.cold C.weak D.shallow23.A.sighed B.smiled C.cried D.whispered24.A.rank B.confirm C.count D.reserve25.A.deliberately B.arbitrarily C.temporarily D.willingly26.A.Advanced B.Extreme C.Vertical D.Absurd27.A.promoted B.granted C.illustrated D.occupied28.A.privilege B.exception C.priority D.distinction29.A.how B.why C.when D.where30.A.stop B.cut C.shorten D.split31.A.estate B.virtue C.dignity D.history32.A.commissions B.frictions C.actions D.innovations33.A.distributing B.indicating C.advocating D.consenting34.A.march B.crush C.justice D.arrest35.A.standout B.reachout C.workout D.pullout参考答案：16.C

17.D

18.B

19.D

20.B

21.C

22.C

23.B

24.C

25.D

26.B

27.A

28.C

29.B

30.A

31.D

32.C

33.B

34.D

35.B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，说的是一位母亲抗议政府的环境问题处理措施的故事。【16题详解】考查动词辨析。句意:我在黑暗中查看了一下时间。A.missed错过，想念；B.set设置；C.checked检查；D.hit击打。这里后面说了具体的时间是凌晨三点，所以应该是查看时间，只有check符合。故选C项。【17题详解】考查名词辨析。句意:我打开小床头灯，伸手去拿我丈夫和两个孩子挑出来的卡片，上面有一张北极熊从一块浮冰跳到另一块浮冰的照片。A.iPhone苹果手机；B.radio收音机；C.computer电脑；D.lamp台灯。结合前后文语境，前面说的是我在凌晨三点起来，可以推测天应该很暗，所以要开灯，而且后面也提到我在找卡片，前后结合可以知道我应该是打开了灯，所以lamp最符合题意。故选D项。【18题详解】考查名词辨析。句意我打开小床头灯，伸手去拿我丈夫和两个孩子挑出来的卡片，上面有一张北极熊从一块浮冰跳到另一块浮冰的照片。A.tension紧张；B.occasion场合;C.revision修订修改;D.possession拥有，所有物。结合句意，应该是为了我这个活动场合挑选的卡片，所以只有occasion符合。故选B项。【19题详解】考查副词辨析。句意:北极熊的前爪在半空中期待地伸出，不再是在坚实的地面上，但还没有完全落在下一块冰上，这不适合我的第一次公民抗命行动，这是出于减缓全球变暖的愿望，不仅是为了北极熊，也为了我自己的孩子。A.constantly持续不断地;B.distantly遥远地;C.instantly方便地，便捷地;D.expectantly期待地。结合句意和文章保护环境的主题，北极熊应该是满怀期待地将爪子伸向半空。故选D项。【20题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意:北极熊的前爪在半空中期待地伸出，不再是在坚实的地面上，但还没有完全落在下一块冰上，这不适合我的第一次公民抗命行动，这是出于减缓全球变暖的愿望，不仅是为了北极熊，也为了我自己的孩子。A.crucial关键的;B.civil民事的，公民的;C.central中心的;D.chief主要的。civildisobedience是一个固定的搭配，意思是不合作主义或是温和抵抗，所以应该是civil。故选B项。【21题详解】考查名词辨析。句意:我在昏暗的灯光下打开卡片重新读了一下我16岁的女儿写给我的纸条。A.letter信件;B.book书;C.card卡片;D.leaflet传单。从前文我打开灯找卡片可以推理到这里应该是把这个卡片打开了。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意:我在昏暗的灯光下打开卡片重新读了一下我16岁的女儿写给我的纸条。A.different不同的;B.cold寒冷的;C.weak微弱的;D.shallow浅浅的。结合作者所处的环境，可以知道应该是昏暗的灯光。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词辨析。句意:我微笑着，在脑海里想象她棕色的眼睛和火红的头发。A.sighed叹气;B.smiled微笑;C.cried哭泣;D.whispered轻声说，耳语。因为作者在想自己女儿的样子，所以应该是欣慰的表情，也就是微笑。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词辨析。句意:除了伴随着孩子们发烧时我花在照顾他们的时间，我现在把我两次进监狱作为我自愿做出的牺牲的一部分。A.rank排位;B.confirm确认;C.count计数;D.reserve保留，储存。后面出现了次数，可以知道前面的动词应该是计数，所以应为count。故选C项。【25题详解】考查副词辨析。句意:除了伴随着孩子们发烧时我花在照顾他们的时间，我现在把我两次进监狱作为我自愿做出的牺牲的一部分。A.deliberately深思熟虑地，从容不迫地;B.arbitrarily武断地，任意地;C.temporarily暂时地;D.willingly心甘情愿地。结合句意，可以知道作者是为了孩子的健康才作出牺牲的，所以应该是心甘情愿的。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意:石油或天然气公司大力提倡使用极端方法来处理可能导致癌症和其他健康问题的矿物燃料，这是有利可图的。A.advanced高级的;B.extreme极端的;C.vertical垂直的;D.absurd荒唐的。结合句意，后面说这些方法对人体有害，所以应该是极端的方法。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词辨析。句意:石油或天然气公司大力提倡使用极端方法来处理可能导致癌症和其他健康问题的矿物燃料，这是有利可图的。A.promoted推进，促销;B.granted承认;C.illustrated阐述，注释;D.occupied占据。根据前面的修饰词strongly再结合后面说的高利润，所以应该是极力推进这种极端的开采化石燃料的方法。故选A项。28题详解】考查名词辨析。句意:只有当普通公民要求他们把保护自己的孩子作为头等大事的时候，政客们才更可能对那些方法说不。A.privilege权力;B.exception例外;C.priority优先权;D.distinction区别。这里有个固定搭配就是firstpriority意思是头等大事。故选C项。【29题详解】考查疑问代词。句意:那就是为什么我给自己戴上手铐到白宫的外墙去阻止基石输油管线项目的原因。A.how如何;B.why为什么;C.when何时;D.where哪里。结合句意，可以知道前面说的油气公司的做法应该是作者这样对待自己的原因所在。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词辨析。句意:那就是为什么我给自己戴上手铐到白宫的外墙去阻止基石输油管线项目的原因。A.stop阻止;B.cut切割;C.shorten削减;D.split使分离。结合文章主旨，作者是为了保护孩子的健康和他们的生活环境才去白宫抗议，所以此处应为阻止基石输油管线项目。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词辨析。句意:我相信这样做更接近历史上真实的母亲节。A.estate不动产;B.virtue美德;C.dignity尊严;D.history历史。结合句意，以及后文的关于母亲节由来的提示，可以知道前面说的应该是母亲节的历史。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词辨析。句意:虽然我们不会知道几十年后我们的行动所带来的影响，但总会有那么一些时刻表明我们的努力没有白费。A.commissions委任，委员会;B.frictions摩擦;C.actions行动，措施;D.innovations创新。结合句意，应该是我们的行动带来的影响，只有action符合。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词的现在分词。句意:虽然我们不会知道几十年后我们的行动所带来的影响，但总会有那么一些时刻表明我们的努力没有白费。A.distributing分配;B.indicating表明;C.advocating拥护，倡议;D.consenting同意。一些时刻表明我们的努力没有白费，只有indicating符合。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词辨析。句意:在我第一次被逮捕之前的晚上，来自我女儿的纸条就是那些时刻的其中之一。A.march行军;B.crush冲撞;C.justice审判官，公正;D.arrest逮捕。结合全文，可以知道作者两次被抓进监狱，可以推断这里说的应该是自己第一次被逮捕。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这让我想像北极熊一样伸出援手，像母亲节早期的领导人一样，进行一次飞跃。A.standout出众，凸显;B.reachout伸出手;C.workout努力解答出;D.pullout拖出。结合句意，像北极熊一样，前文有对北极熊的描述说它在空中伸出爪子，可以推断这里作者应该是说的伸出手。故选B项。【点睛】完型填空最主要的技巧是找前后文提示词，根据后面的说法来推测前文，是比较快捷的解题方法，还需要记住常见句型和搭配，如20题的四个关于out的短语，以及13题firstpriority头等大事等。三、阅读理解18.

PeoplewhodonotgetenoughvitaminAintheirdietmaydevelopnightblindness．ButinthedevelopingworldalackofvitaminAcausesmuchmoreseriousharmtochildren．TheWorldHealthOrganizationlinksthelackofvitaminAtoasmanyas250．000childdeathseveryyear．

OneexcellentsourceofvitaminAisfoundinsweetpotatoeswithorangeflesh．Orangesweetpotatoescontainhighlevelsofbeta-carotene（胡萝卜素）,whichourbodycanchangeintovitaminA．Expertssayorangesweetpotatoesspeciallybred（育种,培植）forgrowingconditionsinAfricacouldhelpsolvethelackofvitaminAthere．

But,first,morepeoplewillneedtobepersuadedtoeatthem．JanLowwiththeInternationalPotatoCenter,aresearchorganizationsaysthesweetpotatoneedsabetterimageinAfrica．JanLowsays,…Wedohaveanimageproblemwithsweetpotatoingeneralinsub-SaharanAfrica．Itisseenasacropofthepoor．"MsLowexplainsthatsweetpotatoesaremainlygrownbypoorwomentofeedtheirfamiliesincaseanothercropfails．ThesweetpotatoescommonlygrownifAfricahavewhiteoryellowflesh．But,moreimportantly,theyarelowinvitaminA．

JanLowtookpartinaprojecttostudyhowbesttomarketorangesweetpotatoestoAfricans．SheworkedonaninformationcampaigninMozambiqueandUganda．Thecampaignincludedradiomessagesaboutthenutritionalbenefitsoftheorangesweetpotato．Theyadvertiseditsabilityto”fightdiseases,makeyoustrong,clearyourskinandmakeyoulookhealthy．"Inareaswithoutradio,thecampaignersspreadthemessagethroughcommunitytheater．Theperformancesincludedsinging,dancingandstorytelling．Andeverywheretheywent,thecampaignersworeorangeT-shirtsandhats．Theyevendroveorangevehicles．JanLowsaysthecolor1madeiteasiertogainpublicattention．

DanGustafsonheadstheWashingtonofficeoftheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization．Hepointstoeffortsinthepasttoincreasethepopularityofothernutritiouscrops．Hesaysmostoftheseeffortsfailedbecauseorganizersofthecampaignsdidnotconsiderwhatpeoplewantedtoeat．ButMr．GustafsonseesabetterchancefortheeffortstoincreasethepopularityoftheorangesweetpotatoinAfrica．Foronething,exceptforthecolor1,thevegetableissimilartowhatpeoplealreadyuse．66．WhatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinPara．1?

A．VitaminAinfoodmaycausenightblindness．

B．PeopleshouldgetenoughvitaminAintheirdiet．

C．ThedevelopingcountriesareinlackofvitaminA．

D．VitaminAcausestoomanychilddeathseveryyear．67．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A．OrangesweetpotatocontainshighlevelsofvitaminA．

B．JanLowtriestopersuademorepeopletoeatorangesweetpotato．

C．Thecampaignaimstoadvertisethebenefitoforangesweetpotato．

D．Fightingdiseases,makingyoustrong,clearingyourskinandmakingyoulookhealthyaretheabilityoftheorangesweetpotato．68．JanLowworksfor

．

A．theWorldHealthOrganization

B．theInternationalPotatoCenter

C．thegovernmentofMozambiqueandUganda

D．theUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureorganization69．Theunderlinedphrase“pointsto"

ofPara．5isclosestinmeaningto

A．lets

B．brings

C．takes D．mentions70．Thepassagemainlytalksabout_

．

A．animageproblemwithorangesweetpotato

B．aninformationcampaigninsub-Saharanarea

C．thepopularityofvitaminA

D．thefunctionofvitaminAinpeople'sdiet参考答案：66-70BABDA19.ItalianLakesandGreekIslands(12Days)Pricesstartingfrom＄1,999YourtourbeginsinMilan,Italy,andmovesontotheprettyItalianLakeDistrictandtheattractiveresort(胜地)ofStresa,yourhomefortwonights.ColletteVacationshascarefullychosentheCostaVictoriaasyourhomeawayfromhomeforyour7—nightjourneyalongthewaterwaysoftheMediterranean.ThecruiseshipisfilledwiththewarmthandcultureofItalyandisrichlydesignedwithentertainment(娱乐)areasandverygoodlivingconditions.Itwilltakeyoutotheplacesofyourdreams.You’llspend4daystouringGreekcitiesyou’vealwaysheardabout.InKatakolon,youwillhavetheonlyunguidedtourtonearbyOlympiaonthewholejourney.Thenwithalocalguideyouwillvisit