河北省唐山市乐亭县新寨中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析

河北省唐山市乐亭县新寨中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.

Shehadlongexpectedachancetostudyabroad,andatlastshegot_____.

A.it

B.that

C.another

D.one参考答案：D2.Maryiswillingtomakefriendswith__________sharesthesamehobbiesandinterestswithher.A.anyone

B.whomever

C.whoever

D.nomatterwho参考答案：C3.Toherdisappointment,whatshehaddevotedherselfto_______innothingbutfailure.A．resulting

B．results

C．hasresulted

D．resulted参考答案：D4.【小题1】Tuesday

A.excuse

B.difficult

C.adjust

D.square【小题2】Chinese

A.begin

B.appreciate

C.basement D.enemy【小题3】houses A.nurses B.horses C.pulses D.causes【小题4】school A.wood B.stood C.food

D.blood【小题5】official A.concert B.musician C.success D.physical参考答案：ABDCB5.HeidiHankinshas______IQof159andhasbecomeoneof_______youngestmembersofMensa.A.the;不填

B.an;the

C.a;the

D.an;an参考答案：B略6.Thepropertiesofthemetalare_____________ifwearetousethemetalinengineering．

A．studied

B．studying

C．tostudy

D．tobestudied参考答案：D7.Themeeting________inthehalltomorrowisaboutenvironmentprotection．

A．isbeingheld

B．tobeheld

C．held

D．beingheld参考答案：B考查非谓语动词。句意为“明天在大厅里举行的会议是关于环境保护的。”动词不定式表示将来要发生的动作,根据句意可知，明天在大厅里举行的会议是……．故B是答案。非谓语是历届高考考查重点和热点。05湖南卷、06四川卷、06江西卷、07全国卷（I）及08高考北京卷、09辽宁卷、湖南卷、山东卷、天津卷、江苏卷等多处对此做了考查。【教学启示】主语和分词动作构成的是"主谓关系"，是"主动态"；或是在形式上是分词动作的主语，在这种情况下，主语和分词动作构成的是"动宾关系"，是"被动态"。总之，分词的主语必须与句子的主语一致，或是同一个人或是同一件事。8.--Iwon'tgotoNewYorkwithyou.It'stoocoldthere.

--_______changeyourmind,givemeacall.

A.Mightyou

B.Shouldyou

C.Mustyou

D.Wouldyou参考答案：B9.Enteringtheroom,shefoundayoungladydressedinred_________onthesofabesidethewindow.

A.seated

B.seating

C.sat

D.sit参考答案：A略10.WiththenuclearcrisisworseninginIran,theworld'sattentionisfixedagainon______is

calledtheMiddleEastA.which

B.that

C.what

D.it参考答案：C30.Canadaisacountry________manydifferentnationalitiesaswellasonewithforeignimmigrants__________themajorityofitspopulation.

A.makingupof;occupiedwith

B.consistingof;makingup

C.madeupof;consistingof

D.consistedof;takingup参考答案：B略12.—HaveyouseenthefilmWherearewegoing，Dad?—Yes，Ihave．Iheardthatitwasinfivedays_________itwasmade．A．that

B．when

C．which

D．where参考答案：A13.Somestudentsthinkthatcheatinginexamsisnotsuchabadthingiftheycan________it.Butit’scompletelywrong.A.getangrywith

B.getfamiliarwith

C.getawaywith

D.getalongwith参考答案：C14.Youwill_______yourhealthifyouworksohard，eatalittlefoodandsleepbadly．A．fail

B．improve

C．help

D．endanger参考答案：D15.Don’tbesodiscouraged.Ifyou______suchfeelings,youwilldobetternexttime.A.carryon

B.getback

C.breakdown

D.putaway参考答案：D略16.Ifeelgreatlyhonored____intotheirsociety.A.towelcome

B.welcomingC.tobewelcomed

D.welcomed参考答案：

C解析：

考查非谓语动词。我是被欢迎的，所以用tobewelcomed。17.Mrs.Brownisso____aboutherhouseworkthatfewservantswanttoworkforher.A.particular

B.neat

C.skillful

D.special参考答案：A略18.Atnotimeandundernocircumstances______thefirsttousenuclearweapons(武器).A.Chinawillbe

B.willChinabeC.Chinahasbeen

D.hasChinabeen参考答案：B考查倒装。否定词（短语）置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。atnotime无论何时都不，绝不。undernocircumstances绝不。19.Who______yourcatwhenyouareaway?

A.looksfor

B.looksat

C.looksafter

D.looksup参考答案：C二、完型填空20.Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.The___16___isthatcountriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsof___17___becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.Howdidwe___18___athrowawaysociety?Firstofall,itisnoweasierto___19___anobjectthantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.___20___modernmanufacturingandtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland___21___.Anothercauseisour___22___ofdisposable(一次性的)products.As___23___people,wearealwayslookingfor___24___tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.Companies___25___thousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts:paperplates,plasticcups,andcameras,tonameafew.Ourappetitefornewproductsalso___26___totheproblem.Weare___27___buyingnewthings.Advertisementspersuadeusthat___28___isbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.Theresultisthatwe___29___usefulpossessionstomakeroomfornewones.Allaroundtheworld,wecanseethe___30___ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.To___31___theamountofrubbishandtoprotectthe___32___,moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.___33___,thisisnotenoughtosolve(解决)ourproblem.Maybethereisanotherwayout.Weneedtorepairourpossessions___34___throwingthemaway.Wealsoneedtorethinkourattitudesabout___35___.Repairingourpossessionsandchangingourspendinghabitsmaybethebestwaytoreducetheamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment.16.A.key

B.problem

C.project

D.reason17.A.rubbish

B.debt

C.gifts

D.products18.A.face

B.observe

C.become

D.change19.A.withdraw

B.control

C.hide

D.replace20.A.Thanksto

B.Asto

C.Exceptfor

D.Regardlessof21.A.funny

B.cheap

C.safe

D.powerful22.A.division

B.lack

C.prevention

D.love23.A.sensitive

B.brave

C.busy

D.kind24.A.places

B.ways

C.jobs

D.friends25.A.produce

B.receive

C.donate

D.preserve26.A.contributes

B.returns

C.responds

D.adapts27.A.tiredof

B.worriedabout

C.addictedto

D.ashamedfor28.A.higher

B.newer

C.stronger

D.larger29.A.throwaway

B.payfor

C.holdonto

D.pickup30.A.advantages

B.purposes

C.functions

D.consequences31.A.show

B.record

C.decrease

D.measure32.A.technology

B.brands

C.consumers

D.environment33.A.However

B.Otherwise

C.Therefore

D.Meanwhile34.A.by

B.insteadof

C.infavourof

D.after35.A.collecting

B.repairing

C.spending

D.advertising参考答案：16.B

17.A

18.C

19.D

20.A

21.B

22.D

23.C

24.B

25.A

26.A

27.C

28.B

29.A

30.D

31.C

32.D

33.A

34.B

35.C【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的威胁。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧物，用新物品取而代之。包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。文章建议人们养成循环利用的习惯，以此来减少垃圾的产生并减轻环境的压力。【16题详解】考查名词辨析。A.key答案；B.problem问题；C.project项目；D.reason原因。根据第二行“theworldhavegrowingmountainsof___2___becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.可知，出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山，故选B.【17题详解】考查名词辨析。A.rubbish垃圾；B.debt债务；C.gifts礼物；D.products产品。此处指因为人们现在扔掉很多垃圾，因此垃圾堆积成了山，故选A.【18题详解】考查动词辨析。A.face面对；B.observe观察，庆祝；C.become变成，成为；D.change改变。根据“firstofall”可知下文讲的是乱扔垃圾的原因，此处指我们是怎样变成了一个废品社会，表示“变成”，故选C.【19题详解】考查动词辨析。A.withdraw撤退，收回；B.control控制；C.hide躲藏；D.replace更换，代替。此处指对于一件物品，花时间和钱去修理相比，买新的代替更容易。指更换旧物品，故选D.【20题详解】考查短语辨析。A.Thanksto多亏；B.Asto至于；C.Exceptfor除了；D.Regardlessof不管。句意：多亏了当代制造业和技术，公司能够更快地生产产品，成本也降低很多。表示“多亏”，故选A.【21题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.funny有趣的；B.cheap便宜的；C.safe安全的；D.powerful强大的。根据inexpensively可知，成本降低的话，产品价格相对也会便宜，故选B.【22题详解】考查名词辨析。A.division部门，分配；B.lack缺乏；C.prevention预防，阻止；D.love钟爱。根据savetimeandmakeourliveseasier可知，造成垃圾如山的另一个原因是人们对一次性产品的钟爱，一次性产品能够节省时间，使生活更容易。表示“钟爱”故选D.【23题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.sensitive敏感的；B.brave勇敢的；C.busy忙碌的；D.kind和蔼的。根据wearealwayslookingfor___9___tosavetime可知，人们总是在节省时间，说明人们很忙碌，故选C.【24题详解】考查名词辨析。A.places地点；B.ways方法；C.jobs工作；D.friends朋友。此处指寻找节省时间的方法，awaytodosth.做某事的方法，是固定搭配，故选B.【25题详解】考查动词辨析。A.produce生产；B.receive收到；C.donate捐献；D.preserve保存。此处指为了迎合人们的需要，企业生产大量的各种一次性产品，故选A.【26题详解】考查动词辨析。A.contributes贡献，有助于；B.returns返回，归还；C.responds回应；D.adapts适应。根据句意可知，人们对新产品的欲望促成了这一问题，表示“促成，有助于”是contributeto，故选A.【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.tiredof厌烦；B.worriedabout担心；C.addictedto沉迷于；D.ashamedfor感到羞愧。根据appetite可知，人们痴迷于购买新产品，故选C.【28题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.higher更高的；B.newer更新的；C.stronger更强的；D.larger更大的。根据句意可知，广告使人们相信新的更好，拥有最新产品会让人高兴。故选B.【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.throwaway扔掉；B.payfor偿还；C.holdonto抓紧；D.pickup捡起。此处指人们扔掉自己的物品来为新的腾地方，故选A.【30题详解】考查名词辨析。A.advantages优势；B.purposes目的；C.functions功能；D.consequences后果。根据下句Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.可知，这是乱扔垃圾的后果，表示“后果”，故选D.【31题详解】考查动词辨析。A.show显示，展示；B.record记录；C.decrease减少；D.measure测量。句意：越来越多的政府要求人们循环使用物品，这样做是为了减少垃圾。表示“减少”，故选C.【32题详解】考查名词辨析。A.technology技术；B.brands品牌；C.consumers消费者；D.environment环境。要求人们循环利用物品也是为了保护环境，指“保护环境”，故选D.【33题详解】考查副词辨析。A.However然而；B.Otherwise否则；C.Therefore因此；D.Meanwhile同时。句意：然而，只是要求人们循环利用是远远不够的。表示转折，故选A.【34题详解】考查介词辨析。A.by通过；B.insteadof代替，而不是；C.infavourof支持；D.after在……之后。此处指我们需要修理我们的财物，而不是扔掉它们。表示“而不是”故选B.【35题详解】考查动词辨析。A.collecting收集；B.repairing修理；C.spending花费，度过；D.advertising做广告。句意：我们也需要重新考虑对修理的态度，根据下句Repairingourpossessions可知答案，故选C.【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题1根据第二行“theworldhavegrowingmountainsof___2___becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.可知，出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山，故选problem.小题6根据inexpensively可知，成本降低的话，产品价格相对也会便宜，故选cheap.小题7根据savetimeandmakeourliveseasier可知，造成垃圾如山的另一个原因是人们对一次性产品的钟爱，一次性产品能够节省时间，使生活更容易。表示“钟爱”故选love.小题8根据wearealwayslookingfor___9___tosavetime可知，人们总是在节省时间，说明人们很忙碌，故选busy.21.完形填空Recently,oneofmybestfriends,whomI'vesharedjustabouteverythingwithsincethefirstdayofkindergarten,spenttheweekendwithme.SinceImovedtoanewtownseveralyearsago,we'vebothalwayslookedforwardtothefewtimesayearwhenwecanseeeachother.Overthe___11___,wespenthoursandhours,stayinguplateintothenight,talkingaboutthepeopleshewas___12___aroundwith.Shestartedtellingmestoriesabouthernewboyfriend,abouthowheexperimentedwith___13___andwasintoother___14___behavior.Iwasblownaway!Shetoldmehowshehadbeen___15___toherparentsaboutwhereshewasgoingandevensneakingouttoseethisguybecausetheydidn'twantheraroundhim.NomatterhowhardItriedtotellherthatshe___16___better,shedidn'tbelieveme.Herself-respectseemedtohavedisappeared.Itriedto___17___herthatshewasruiningherfutureandheadingforbigtrouble.IfeltlikeIwasgetting___18___.Ijustcouldn'tbelievethatshereallythoughtitwasacceptabletohangwithabunchoflosers,especiallyherboyfriend.Bythetimesheleft,Iwasreallyworriedaboutherand___19___bytheexperience.Ithadbeensofrustrating,Ihadcome___20___totellingherseveraltimesduringtheweekendthatmaybewehadjustgrowntoofaraparttocontinueourfriendship-butIdidn't.Iputthepoweroffriendshiptotheultimatetest.We'dbeenfriendsforfartoolong.Thechancewasthatshe___21___meenoughtoknowthatIwastryingtosaveherfromhurtingherself.Iwantedtobelievethatourfriendshipcould___22___anything.Afewdayslater,shecalledtosaythatshehadthoughtlongandhardaboutour___23___,andthenshetoldmethatshehad___24___withherboyfriend.Ijustlistenedontheotherendofthephonewithtearsofjoyrunningdownmyface.Itwasoneofthetruly___25___momentsinmylife.NeverhadIbeensoproudofafriend.11.A.weekend

B.months

C.years

D.days12.A.working

B.fallinginlove

C.hanging

D.keepingintouch13.A.books

B.girls

C.friends

D.drugs14.A.self-destructiveB.self-respecting

C.self-confident

D.self-defensive15.A.explaining

B.reasoning

C.declaring

D.lying16.A.did

B.deserved

C.had

D.got17.A.told

B.convince

C.force

D.warn18.A.somewhere

B.everywhere

C.nowhere

D.anywhere19.A.exhausted

B.surprised

C.satisfied

D.terrified20.A.almost

B.nearly

C.close

D.over21.A.thought

B.remembered

C.valued

D.hated22.A.mean

B.conquer

C.tell

D.prove23.A.friendship

B.relationship

C.quarrel

D.conversation24.A.brokeaway

B.brokedown

C.brokeup

D.brokeout25.A.demanding

B.challenging

C.frustrating

D.rewarding参考答案：11—15ACDAD

16---20BBCAC

21---25CBDCD三、阅读理解22.(原创,文章选自中国日报)WASHINGTON:AnanalysisofglobaltemperaturesbyindependentstatisticiansshowstheEarthisstillwarmingandnotcoolingassomeglobalwarmingskepticsareclaiming.TheanalysiswasconductedattherequestofTheAssociatedPresstoinvestigatethelegitimacyoftalkofacoolingtrendthathasbeenspreadingontheInternet,fueledbysomenewsreports,anewbookandtemperaturesthathavebeencoolerinafewrecentyears.Inshort,itisnottrue,accordingtothestatisticianswhocontributedtotheanalysis.Thestatisticians,reviewingtwosetsoftemperaturedata,foundnotrendoffallingtemperaturesovertime.USgovernmentdatashowthedecadethatendsinDecemberwillbethewarmestin130yearsofrecord-keeping,and2005wasthehottestyearrecorded.ThecasethattheEarthmightbecoolingpartlystemsfromrecentweather.Lastyearwascoolerthanpreviousyears.Ithasbeenawhilesincethesuperhotyearsof1998and2005.Soisthisalongerclimatetrendorjustweather'snormalupsanddowns?Inablindtest,theAPgavetemperaturedatatofourindependentstatisticiansandaskedthemtolookfortrends,withouttellingthemwhatthenumbersrepresented.Theexpertsfoundnotruetemperaturedeclinesovertime."Ifyoulookatthedataandsortofcherry-pickamicrotrendwithinabiggertrend,thattechniqueisparticularlysuspect,"saidJohnGrego,aprofessorofstatisticsattheUniversityofSouthCarolina.Yettheideathatthingsarecoolinghasbeenrepeatedinopinioncolumns,aBBCnewsstorypostedontheDrudgeReportandinanewbookbytheauthorsofthebest-sellerFreakonomics.Lastweek,apollbythePewResearchCenterfoundthatonly57percentofAmericansnowbelievethereisstrongscientificevidenceforglobalwarming,downfrom77percentin2006.

41.Thefirstparagraphservesasa(n)_______.A.explanation

B.introduction

C.comment

D.background42.Accordingtothepassage,thehottestyearin130yearsofrecord-keepingis_____.A.1998

B.2005

C.2006

D.201043.Howmanyfactorsleadtotheideathattheearthiscooling?A.2

B.3

C.4

D.544.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____.A.fiveindependentstatisticiansweregiventemperaturedatatolookfortrendsB.moreandmoreAmericansnowbelievethereisstrongscientificevidenceforglobalwarmingC.TheanalysisofglobaltemperatureswasrequiredbytheindependentstatisticiansD.Theearthisnotbecomingcoolerassomepeopleareclaimingontheinternet参考答案：41--44

BBBD略23.MarthaGraham,bornin1894,wasoneofthemostfamousdancersandcreatorsofdance,whoseinfluenceondancehasbeencomparedwiththeinfluencePicassohadonthemodernvisualarts,Stravinskyhadonmusic,orFrankLloydWrighthadonarchitecture.Shecreatedalmosttwohundreddancepieces.SheisoftencalledtheMotherofModernDance.Earlierinherlife,however,Marthadidnotknowthatshewouldbecomeadancer.Atthattime,thedancerswerelookeddownon.SoMartha'sparentsdidn'tapproveofherdesiretodanceatthebeginning.Until1916,shebeganherstudiesatthenewlycreatedDenishawnSchoolofDancingandRelatedArts,foundedbyRuthSt.DenisandTedShawn,whereGrahamworkedveryhardtoimproveherabilitytodancebecauseshewasconsideredtoooldtobegindancing.In1936,Grahammadeherdefiningwork,"Chronicle^,whichsignaledthebeginningofanewerainmoderndance.Thedancebroughtseriousissuestothestageforthegeneralpublicinadramaticmanner.InfluencedbytheWallStreetCrashof1929,theGreatDepressionthatfollowed,andtheSpanishCivilWar,itfocusedondepressionandisolation,reflectedinthedarknatureofboththesetandcostumes.Grahamcontinuedtodancepasttheageofseventy.Onceagain,shewasmetwithcriticismfrompeoplewhocametowatchhershows.Butshedidn'tgiveup.Herlastcompletedballetwas1990'sMapleLeafRag."ADancer'sWorld"isan