2023沪教牛津版八年级下学期英语练习-Unit5素养综合检测

Unit5•素养综合检测

（满分100分，限时60分钟）

I.完形填空（每小题2分，共20分）

Countinganimalsinthewildisahardjob.Ifyoucan't1howharditcanbe,

trycountingallofthebirdsinaparknearyou.Thedifficultyofcountingdoesn'tstop

theInternationalUnionforConservationofNature,though.Thisgrouppublishes（公

布）alistoftheworld'sendangeredanimalandplantspecies.

Peoplefromallovertheworldworkwiththeunionto2andcount

endangeredanimals.Countingendangeredanimalsishardbecausesomeanimalsare

sofewthatevenscientists3everseethem.Otheranimalsliveinsuchlargeareas

thatfindingthemisalmost4withoutmodemtechnology.Herearetwowaysthat

scientistscountendangeredanimals.

TheFloridapanther（豹）hasasmall5Onlylessthan100panthersareleftin

the6.Scientistsusedogstofindthemout.Afterfindingapanther,scientistsputa

radiocollar（无线电项圈）arounditsneck.Airplanesthenpickupsignals（信号）from

thecollar.Thesignalalso7ifthepantherisrestingormoving.

Humpbackwhalesareanotherkindofendangeredanimals.Scientistslookfor

humpbackwhalesbyusingunderwatermicrophones（麦克风），whichrecordthe

whales'8.Photographsofwhales5tailsthenhelpscientistsidentify（辨另lj）whales.

Likehumanfingerprints,eachhumpback'stailhasdifferentmarks.Tailphotographs

helpscientistsidentify,count,and9whalesastheyswimthroughtheoceansof

theworld.

Therearemany10tocountanimals,butthemostimportantistomakesure

akindofanimalsdoesn'tdieout.

1.A.agreeB.imagineC.mentionD.remind

2.A.lookforB.lookoutC.lookupD.lookat

3.A.usuallyB.certainlyC.probablyD.hardly

4.A.simpleB.impossibleC.valuableD.unusual

5.A.organizationB.difference

C.populationD.competition

6.A.parkB.zooC.waterD.wild

7.A.showsB.seesC.drawsD.thinks

8.A.smellsB.songsC.feelingsD.weights

9.A.catchB.leadC.followD.train

10.A.suggestionsB.chances

C.opinionsD.reasons

H.阅读理解（每小题3分，共45分）

A

【通用素养•珍爱生命】（2022广东深圳福田区期末）

Dearhumans,

IfsthefirsttimethatIhavewrittentoyou,mychildren.Iusedtosendyoumany

messages.Butyoualwaysoverlookthem.SoIdecidetowriteyoualetter.

Besidesyou,Ihavemanyotherchildren.Theymightbeveryclosetoyou,or

evenliveinyourhouses.Butthereareothersthatyoumayneverhavethechanceto

meet.Youbringthemhometobeyourpets,friends,andhelpers.Youputthemin

zoos.Youkillthemfortheirmeatandfur.Andyouevenhuntthemforfun.They

bringyoumoneyandhappiness.Buttheyalsobringyouillnessanddeath.Ihopeyou

canrememberthattheyarenotyourfood,clothesorfurniture.Theyarenotkillers,

either.Theyare,infact,yourbrothersandsisters.Youareequal.Youshouldgrowup

together.

Dearhumans,youaresmartandhardworking.Youcreatedcolorfulculturesand

advancedtechnologies.Youcandecidewhereyougo,aswellaswhereIgo.Butyou

don'trespectme.Youchangemyclimate,myland,myforests,andmyrivers.Youask

somuchofme,morethanwhatIcangiveyou.

So,growup,dearhumans.Growuptobemoreresponsible.Ihopeyouandall

thewildlifecanlivehappilyinmyarms.

Yours,

EarthMother

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overlook“probablymean?

A.failtonoticeB.valuealot

C.lookupD.watchout

12.Whatdoyouthink"manyotherchildren^^standfor?

A.Homepets.B.Cruelkillers.

C.Brothersandsisters.D.Thewildlife.

13.WhafsthemainideaofParagraph2?

A.Humansshouldkeepsomepetsathome.

B.EarthMotherhasmanyotherchildren.

C.Humansandwildlifeshouldgrowuptogether.

D.Yourbrothersandyoursistersaredifferent.

14.HowdoestheEarthMotherfeel?

A.Excited.B.Worried.

C.Pleased.D.Surprised.

15.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.CallsfromHumanstoEarth

B.ALetterfromEarthtoHumans

C.EarthMotherShoutsatHumans

D.HumansHavetoStopKilling

B

Ninaisreadingabookwhichdescribes37endangerednaturalandcultural

treasuresintheworld.Thewriterswantthebooktobeahopefulcalltoaction.Here

aresomeexamplesofthese.

MountKilimanjaro（乞力马扎罗山）

MountKilimanjaroinnortheasternTanzania,isthehighestpointinAfrica,

measuringalmost6,000meters.Themountainsupports5plantareasandmanykinds

ofanimals.Theiceglaciers（冰川）onthemountainaredisappearingveryquickly.

Thiswillhaveabadeffectonthemountain'secosystems（生态系统）andTanzania's

travelindustry.Also,avaluablerecordofthousandsofyearsofweatherhistorywill

alsobelostiftheicemelts.

GlacierNationalPark（冰川国家公园）

IntheUnitedStates,theicyblocksinGlacierNationalParkmaysooncompletely

disappearbecauseoftheweatherchange.Acenturyago,therewereabout150glaciers.

Bycomparison,thereareabout50glaciersremainingtoday.Scientistsestimatethat

theglacierswillbegoneby2030.Warmtemperaturesarealsothreateningmanykinds

ofplantsandanimalsthatliveinthismountainecosystem.

GreatBarrierReef（大堡礁）

TheGreatBarrierReefinAustraliaisthelargestcoralreef（珊瑚礁）systemin

theworld.Risingseatemperaturesaregreatlyharmingthereef.Insomeareas,healthy

yellow,brownandgreencoralhasbecomewhite.Thecoralwhitenswhenitisina

wannertemperature.Sickordyingcoralaffectsthewholeecosystemofthisspecial

underwaterarea.Waterpollutionandvisitsofcarelessswimmersanddiversalso

threaten（威胁）thereef.

16.MountKilimanjaroisveryimportantbecauseofits.

A.highestpointmeasuringalmost6,000kilometers

B.supportfor5plantareasandalltheanimalsintheworld

C.badeffectonecosystemsandTanzania'stravelindustry

D.valuablerecordofthousandsofyearsofweatherhistory

17.Theunderlinedword“estimate“inParagraph3means.

A.countB.guess

C.suggestD.decide

18.WhichofthefollowingisNOTharmfultotheGreatBarrierReef?

A.Warmertemperatures.

B.Sickordyingcoral.

C.Waterpollution.

D.Carefulvisitors.

19.InthepassagethewriteruseswaysofexplainingEXCEPT.

A.providingexamples

B.givingdefinitions（定义）

C.enumerating（歹U举）numbers

D.makingcomparisons

2O.Thebookisprobablycalled.

A.EndangeredTreasures

B.TreasuresintheWorld

C.EcosystemsoftheWorld

D.InterestingPlaces

C

DoyouknowaboutPsephurusgladius（白鲍）？IfstheChinesepaddlefishknown

as“kingofallnationalfreshwaterfish”.However,itisannouncedthattheChinese

paddlefishlivingintheYangtzeRiverhasbecomeextinct.

“ApaperfromScienceoftheTotalEnvironmentshowsthatthelargestfreshwater

fishinChinamighthavegoneextinctbetween2005and2010.^^WeiQiwei,authorof

thepaper,saidin2019.Someexpertssupposedthatthefirst-classprotectedfishhad

beenextinctalready.

TheChinesepaddlefishwasabout2to3meterslongandcouldgrowlongerthan

7meters.Thefishhadlivedontheearthfor150millionyears.Thelatestdiscoveryof

thefishwasin2003.Scientistshelpedthefishtoreturnandtriedtotrack（追踪）it.

Unluckily,aboataccidentcausedthetrackingeffortstofail.Sincethen,nodiscovery

hasbeenreportedandnosuchfishhasbeenkeptincaptivity（圈养）.

“TheChinesepaddlefishwassobigthatitwashardtoraiseincaptivity,Wei

said.Between1984and2003,heoncetriedtosavesomefish,butonlyonestayed

aliveandreturnedtotheriver.

Theextinctionofthefishhascalledpublicattention.Peopleexpressedsadness

aboutthedeath,hopingsuchanimalswouldbebetterprotectedsothatfuture

generationscouldseethem.FromJan.1,2020,Chinabegana10-yearfishingban

（禁令）onimportantareasoftheYangtzeRivertoprotectbiodiversity（生物多样性）

inChina'slongestriver.

21.TheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword“extinct“isprobably"

A.繁多的B.灭绝的C.强壮的D.凶猛的

22.ltcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat.

A.theChinesepaddlefishwashuntedtoomuchinthepast

B.theChinesepaddlefishwasthelargestfreshwaterfishintheworld

C.theChinesepaddlefishcouldgrowtobeover7metersinlength

D.theChinesepaddlefishhasneverbeenseensofar

23.WhathappenedaftertheboataccidentmentionedinParagraph3?

A.Somescientistssavedthefish.

B.Peoplefailedtotrackthefish.

C.Thefishlostitslife.

D.Thefishwaskeptincaptivity.

24.Whycouldn'ttheChinesepaddlefishberaisedincaptivity?

A.Becauseofitslivinghabits.

B.Becauseofitslargesize.

C.Becauseofitsspecialdiet.

D.Becauseofthehighcost.

25.What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.Toshowpeople'ssadnessaboutthefish'sdeath.

B.Toexplainhowthefishdiedout.

C.Tocallonpeopletoprotectanimals.

D.Tointroduceafirst-classprotectedfish.

m.根据汉语及首字母提示完成句子（每小题1分，共5分）

26.Theseapplescost10yuaneachk.

27.Wekeepa（档案）foreachpatientinourhospital.

28.Thebeautifulladylivesin（中心的）London.

29.TheUnitedNationsisaninternationalo.

30.CouldIhavethe（菜单）please?

W.任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分）

【通用素养・社会责任】

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Chinawillhave75percentofitswildanimalsand80percentofitswildplantson

landunderthenationalkeyprotectionsystemby2025,theNationalForestryand

GrasslandAdministrationsaid.

Sofar,thenationalkeywildlifeprotectionrate（比率）hasrisento74percent,up

from71percentlastyear,theadministrationsaid.

ItsannouncementtookplaceonSundaytocoincide（同时发生）withthe

InternationalDayforBiologicalDiversity,thethemeofwhichthisyearwas“Building

asharedfutureforall

TheadministrationsaidthatChina'sachievementsinprotectingwildanimalscan

partlybeattributedto（归因于）puttingwildspeciesintonaturereservesafterartificial

breeding（人工繁育）.

SomemiludeerwerereleasedintothewildinSeptember2021following

artificialbreedinginBeijingandJiangsuProvince.

Theannouncementsaidthatninebabymiludeerofthesewererecentlybomin

theDaqingshanNationalNatureReserveintheInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion.

“Thisresultshowedthatthegroupofdeersafelyspentthreeseasonsinawild

environment,theadministrationsaid.

Accordingtotheadministration,artificialbreedinghashelpedtopushthe

populationofsomespeciesthathadeverdisappearedinthewild,suchasmiludeer,

whichnownumberaround10,000.

Theadministrationsaidthecountryhasbuilt200botanical（植物的）gardensto

protectmorethan20,000speciesofplants.

Sofar,206speciesofrareandendangeredplantshavereturnedtothewild,of

which112areuniquetoChina.

Theadministrationplanstoimprovetheprotectionofwildanimals-including

giantpandas,SiberiantigersandAsianelephants,andplantsincludingcycads（苏铁）

andorchids（兰花）.

31.WhatisthethemeoftheInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversityin2022?

32.WhydoesChinagetsomanyachievementsinprotectingwildanimals?

33.Howmanymonthshavethegroupofdeerliveinthewildenvironmentsafely?

34.Whatdidthecountrydotoprotectendangeredplants?

35.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

V.书面表达（共20分）

下图是某动物保护组织调查“世界濒危动物灭绝原因”的结果。请根据调查结

果，以“Howtoprotecttheendangeredanimals?”为题写一篇短文，谈谈你对保护动物

的看法，并提出解决办法。要求70—80词,可适当发挥。

|自然.害10%|

/物种白身发展不适10%

I人类捕杀50%£境污染1。%|

J'S栖息地遭破坏20%|

Howtoprotecttheendangeredanimals?

答案全解全析

I.［语篇解读］本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了两种计算濒危动物数量的方法。

1.B考查动词辨析。agree同意;imagine想象;mention提到;remind提醒。根据上

下文语境可知，此处指无法想象多么困难，故选Bo

2.A考查动词短语辨析。lookfor寻找;lookout小心;lookup查阅;lookat看。结

合空格后的“andcountendangeredanimals”可推知是寻找并清点濒危动物，故选A。

3.D考查副词辨析。usually通常;certainly当然;probably可能;hardly几乎不。根

据“Countingendangeredanimalsishardbecausesomeanimalsaresofbw”可知，有些

动物数量太少。所以科学家都很难见到它们，故选D。

4.B考查形容词辨析。simple简单的;impossible不可能的;valuable有价值

的;unusual不寻常的。根据“Otheranimalsliveinsuchlargeareas”以及"without

moderntechnology”可知,没有现代技术几乎不可能找到它们，故选B。

5.C考查名词辨析。organization组织;difference差异;population人口competition

比赛。根据“Onlylessthan100panthersareleft”可推知，此处指这种动物的“数量”

比较少，故选Co

6.D考查名词辨析。park公园;zoo动物园;water水;wild野外。根据语境可知，此

处指生活在野外的佛罗里达豹，故选Do

7.A考查动词辨析。show展示;see看见;draw画;think认为。根据语境可知，信号

显示豹的活动情况，故选A。

8.B考查名词辨析。smell气味;song歌曲;feeling感受;weight重量。根据前文提

至的“underwatermicrophones”可知，用水下麦克风记录座头鲸的歌，故选B。

9.C考查动词辨析。catch抓住;lead带领;follow跟随;train训练。根据语境可知,

此处是指可以帮助追踪到它们，故选Co

10.A考查名词辨析。suggestion建议;chance机会;opinion意见;reason理由。句

意:有许多计算动物数量的建议，但最重要的是确认这种动物没有灭绝。故选Ao

II.A

［语篇解读］本文是一篇应用文。这是地球母亲给人类的一封信。信中，地球母亲

对人类猎杀、食用野生动物表示担忧，希望人类能够摒弃陋习，和野生动物共同在

地球母亲的臂弯里快乐地生活。

11.A词义猜测题。根据上文中的“Iusedtosendyoumanymessages.（我以前给你

们发过很多信息）”及连词“But”可推知，你们总是“忽略”它们。failtonotice意为“没

有注意到故选A。

12.D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“你们把它们带回家，让它们成为你的宠物、

朋友和帮手。你们把它们放在动物园里。你们为了它们的肉和皮毛杀它们”及信

的作者“EarthMother”可推知，“许多其他的孩子们”代表“野生动物”。故选D。

13.C主旨大意题。根据第二段最后三句话“事实上，它们是你们的兄弟姐妹。你

们是平等的。你们应该一起成长”可知第二段的主要意思是“人类和野生动物应该

一起成长”。故选C。

14.B推理判断题。根据第三段可推知地球母亲是“担忧的"。worried意为“担忧

的”。故选B。

15.B主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文是地球母亲给人类的一封信。故选B。

B

［语篇解读］文章主要介绍了世界上的三处自然宝藏——乞力马扎罗山、冰川国

家公园和大堡礁。

16.D推理判断题。根据“Also,avaluablerecordofthousandsofyearsofweather

historywillalsobelostiftheicemelts.（此外，如果冰融化，几千年的气象历史的一个

宝贵记录也将丢失）”可推知，乞力马扎罗山非常重要是因为它的几千年气候历史

的宝贵记录，故选Do

17.B词义猜测题。根据“theglacierswillbegoneby2030”是还未发生的事且具有

不确定性可推知,estimate与guess意思相近，故选B。

18.D细节理解题。根据"Risingseatemperaturesaregreatlyharmingthe

reef...Waterpollutionandvisitsofcarelessswimmersanddiversalsothreatenthereef.

可知，不断上升的海水温度、生病或死亡的珊瑚、水污染以及粗心的游泳者和潜水

员的到访都会威胁到珊瑚礁。由此可知，小心的参观者对大堡礁无害，故选D。

19.B细节理解题。通读全文可知，作者使用了举例子、作比较和列数字的说明方

法,没有使用下定义的说明方法，故选Bo

20.A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Ninaisreadingabookwhichdescribes37

endangerednaturalandculturaltreasuresintheworld.”可推知这本书可能叫作“濒危

的珍宝”，故选A。

C

［语篇解读］本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了白酮的基本特征和已经灭绝的

现状，旨在呼吁大家提高保护动物的意识。

21.B词义猜测题。根据下文对白鳍生存情况的介绍可知，白鲸已经灭绝了。画线

单词的汉语意思可能是“灭绝的”。故选B。

22.C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句"TheChinesepaddlefishwasabout2to3

meterslongandcouldgrowlongerthan7meters.“可知,白鱼寻大约长2〜3米，但是有的

也可以长到7米多长，故选C。

23.B细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句"Unluckily,aboataccidentcausedthe

trackingeffortstofhil.”可知，航船事故导致