西南科技大学2020年英语翻译基础考研真题

西南科技大学2020年[英语翻译基础]考研真题I.Directions:Translatethefollowingwords,abbreviationsandterminologiesintotheirtargetlanguagesrespectively.IftheitemisinEnglish,itstargetlanguageisChinese.IftheitemisinChinese,itstargetlanguageisEnglish.Therearealtogether30itemsinthispartofthetest,15inEnglishand15inChinese,withonepointforeach.(30"）1.tradecommissioner2.ChamberofCommerce3.in-boundtourism4.theHumanGenomeProject5.marketductcatalogue7.MDGs8.diplomaticcorps9.nobleaspirations10.avianinfluenza11.launchpad12.liveuptothepledge13.boardofdirectors14.capacitybuilding15.hegemonismandpowerpolitics16.主题馆17.高级职称18.民政部19.外汇储备20.单边主义21.跟团旅游22.政治思想教育23.非物质文化遗产24.投资回报率25.热水器26.贪污腐败27.城乡一体化28.节能减排29.全方位外交30.原始社会II.Directions:Translalethefollowingsourcetexisintotheirtargetlanguagesrespectively.IfthesourcetextisinEnglish,itstargetlanguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinChinese,itstargetlanguageisEnglish.(120'）SourceText1Howcanweunderstandthesystemicinterrelationbetweensocioeconomicandecologicaltrends,betweensomethinglikefalteringaccumulationandsharplyrisinggreenhousegasconcentrationsintheatmosphere?Effectiveanswersaregoingtohavetoevolve,buttodothatwecannotworkintheoldparadigmofaddingupecologyandeconomy.TherelationismuchmoreintimatethansuchGreenArithmeticallows.Wearealsogoingtohavetotakehistorymuchmoreseriously.Clearly,weareatamomentoffundamentalshiftinthehistoryofcapitalismandinthehistoryoftheclimatesystem.WearelivingthroughtheclosingmomentsoftheHolocene,aperiodofunusualclimatestability,whichbeganabout12.000yearsago.Overthattime,mildclimateperturbations,comparedtowhatwearegoingtoexperience,wereveryimportantinthehistoriesofcivilisations.RomanpowerintheWestcrumbledquicklyaftertheendoftheRomanClimateOptimumaround300C.E.;feudalpowerwitheredinthefaceofaperfectstormofclimatechange,disease,andpopularrevoltafter1300.Thisleadstoustoasktwobig-tworeallybig-questions.Iscapitalismcapableofsurvivingthroughthepresentclimatecrisis,whichdwarfstheclimateshiftsexperiencedbyRomanandfeudaloligarchs?Andwhatarethewaysthatcapitalismhasre-establisheditsconditionsforgrowthandaccumulation?AcompellinganswerbeginsbyrecognisingjusthowdependentcapitalismhasbeenonfrontiersofCheapNature:thoseplaceswherefood,energy,rawmaterialsandworkerscanbedrawnforfreeorlowcost.Mostradicals-nevermindthewould-betechnocraticmanagersofageoengineeredclimatesystem-stillignorethishistory.Somehowit'seasiertodenouncetheenvironmentaldegradation,themassproducedviolenceandgenocide,thedynamicsofdomination,thanitistoseehoweachofthesemomentsislinkedtothesystemofCheapNatureandtheendlessaccumulationofcapital.Butthatwon'tdo.Anunderstandingofhowcapitalaccumulationworks,howitunfoldsthroughtheweboflife,isfundamentaltounderstandingnotjustwhycapitalismdrivesplanetarycrisis,buthowitscontradictionscompelittocontinuedownthisdeadlyandself-defeatingpath.Suchananalysismayalsorevealcapitalism'sweaknesses-itmayserveanantidotetothepervasivebelief,evenamongradicals,thatcapitalismisall-powerful.Italsowon'tdotokeepthe'social'and`environmental'separatebecausethequestionsofhowcapitalworks,howcapitalismdestroyslife,andhowmodernityrequiresracialised,gendered,andcolonialviolenceareinterpenetrated.Thatinterpenetrationiskeytohowcapitalismhasthrivedinthepast,andtohowcapitalism'sresilienceisnowinquestion.SourceText2该自然保护区为岷山山系大熊猫栖息地，是全国大熊猫的最主要栖息地之一。据最新调查资料，区内大熊猫种群数量为34只，栖息地面积1577公顷，占王朗自然保护区面积的48.5%。这里山体高拔、峰峦奇伟、沟壑纵横、瀑布飞悬、景色秀美。区内原始森林茂密，林下灌木层有成片的缺苞箭竹和华西箭竹，为大熊猫提供了丰厚的竹类储积量；林间大小溪汨汨流淌，为大熊猫饮水提供了方便