湖南省2021-2022学年普通高中高二学业水平合格性考试英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

第1页/共1页湖南省普通高中学业水平考试合格性考试(专家A卷)英语本试题卷共6页。时量90分钟。满分100分。第一部分阅读技能(每题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHomelandShoppingCoupons(优惠券)HoursofFreeParking▼Youwillreceive2hoursoffreeparkingifyouspend$30inourstore.Butifyouspend$50ormore,youcanget8hoursoffreeparkingandcoupons(优惠券).Andyoucangetasurprisewithacouponinthefollowingstores.20%Off▼Geta20%OffonanybookyoubuyattheWonderlandStore.Wehavemanybookstochoosefromourstore,includingchildren’sbooks,novels,travelguidesandhobbies.BuyOne,GetOneFree▼BuyoneshirtortieatDavid’sMenswear,andgetonemoreshirtortieofthesamevaluefree.FreeSoftDrinks▼Buyanymealforatleast$8atTom’sCafe,andreceiveafreesoftdrink.Weservethebesthamburgersandsnacksinthemall.Half-priceMovieTickets▼Buyanyfull-pricemovieticketonweekdays,youcanbuyasecondticketforafriendforonlyhalfprice!▼Welcometoourstore.Getmorecoupons!Theyaredueintwoweeks!Tel:8693527611.Howlongcanyouparkfreeatmostifyoupaythestore$50?A.2hours. B.4hours. C.6hours. D.8hours.2.IfMikewantstobuyhissonsomecheaperbooks,heissupposedtogoto.A.WonderlandStore B.David’sMenswearC.Tom’sCafe D.theservicedesk3.IfJanewantstogetafreesoftdrink,howmuchshouldshespendatleast?A.$20. B.$50. C.$8. D.10$.4.ThesoppingcouponsincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPTinthepassage.A.softdrinks B.movietickets C.men’sshirts D.ladies’dresses【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一种优惠券的使用方法和折扣。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butifyouspend$50ormore,youcanget8hoursoffreeparkingandcoupons(优惠券).(但如果你花费50美元或以上，你可以获得8小时的免费停车和优惠券)”可知，如果你向商店支付50美元，你最多可以免费停车8小时。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据20%Off部分中“▼Geta20%OffonanybookyoubuyattheWonderlandStore.Wehavemanybookstochoosefromourstore,includingchildren’sbooks,novels,travelguidesandhobbies.(在仙境书店买任何书都可以享受八折优惠。我们的书店有很多书可供选择，包括儿童书籍、小说、旅游指南和兴趣爱好)”可知，如果迈克想给他儿子买些便宜的书，他应该去仙境商店。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据FreeSoftDrinks部分中“▼Buyanymealforatleast$8atTom’sCafe,andreceiveafreesoftdrink.(在汤姆咖啡馆用餐满8美元，可免费获得一杯软饮料)”可知，如果简想要一杯免费的软饮料，她至少应该花8美元。故选C。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据FreeSoftDrinks部分中“▼Buyanymealforatleast$8atTom’sCafe,andreceiveafreesoftdrink.Weservethebesthamburgersandsnacksinthemall.(在汤姆咖啡馆用餐满8美元，可免费获得一杯软饮料。我们有商场里最好的汉堡包和小吃)”；BuyOne,GetOneFree部分中“▼BuyoneshirtortieatDavid’sMenswear,andgetonemoreshirtortieofthesamevaluefree.(在大卫男装店购买一件衬衫或领带，可免费赠送同等价值的衬衫或领带一件)”以及Half-priceMovieTickets部分中“▼Buyanyfull-pricemovieticketonweekdays,youcanbuyasecondticketforafriendforonlyhalfprice!(在工作日买任意一张全价电影票，都可以半价帮朋友买第二张！)”可知，“女装”不包括在优惠券里。故选D。BThanksto“doublereduction”policy(“双碱”政策)comesout,manystudentsmayhavetimetoenjoyafter-schoolactivities.Somestudentscanplaysports.Theymayplaysoccer,pingpongordoChineseKungfu.Somestudentsgotolearnmusic.Theysing,danceorplaysomeinstruments(乐器).Otherstudentscandraworpracticecalligraphy(书法)andmore.Afterschoolactivitiesarefunandgoodforstudents.Butwhyshouldstudentsdoafterschoolactivities?Herearesomereasons.First,doinganafter-schoolactivityisashortbreakfromstudying.Afterthebreak,studentscanbetterfocusontheclassortheirschoolwork.Next,studentscanmakesomefriendswhiledoingafter-schoolactivities.Finally,studentscangetsomenewskillsfromtheactivities.Forexample,theycanlearnsomeimportantlifeskillslikeworkingwithothersordealingwiththemselves.5.Accordingtothe“doublereduction”policy,whatkindofafter-schoolclassesCAN’Tstudentstakeduringvacations?A.Sports. B.Music. C.Math. D.Drawing.6.Fromthepassageweknowafterschoolactivitiesare.A.tired B.wonderful C.hard D.useless7.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?A.Afterschoolactivitiesaregoodforstudents.B.Doingafterschoolactivitiesisawasteoftime.C.Studentsshouldkeepawayfromtheafter-schoolactivities.D.Afterschoolactivitiesmayhaveabadinfluenceonourstudy.【答案】5.C6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在“双减”下的学生课后活动的种类和参加课后活动的好处。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Somestudentscanplaysports.(一些学生可以做运动。)”和第二段的“Somestudentsgotolearnmusic.Theysing,danceorplaysomeinstruments(乐器).Otherstudentscandraworpracticecalligraphy(书法)andmore.(一些学生去学音乐。他们唱歌、跳舞或演奏一些乐器。其他学生可以画画或练习书法等等。)”可知，根据“双减”政策，学生放假期间不学数学，故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Afterschoolactivitiesarefunandgoodforstudents.(课外活动是有趣的，对学生有好处。)”可知，课后活动是美好的，故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Afterschoolactivitiesarefunandgoodforstudents.(课外活动是有趣的，对学生有好处。)”和第三段的“First,doinganafter-schoolactivityisashortbreakfromstudying.Afterthebreak,studentscanbetterfocusontheclassortheirschoolwork.Next,studentscanmakesomefriendswhiledoingafter-schoolactivities.Finally,studentscangetsomenewskillsfromtheactivities.Forexample,theycanlearnsomeimportantlifeskillslikeworkingwithothersordealingwiththemselves.(首先，做课外活动是学习的短暂休息。休息后，学生可以更好地专注于课堂或学业。其次，学生可以在做课外活动时交到一些朋友。最后，学生可以从活动中获得一些新的技能。例如，他们可以学习一些重要的生活技能，如与他人合作或处理自己。)”可知，本文讲了参加课后活动的好处，因此作者想要告诉我们课后活动对学生有好处。是故选A。CItwasraining.Iwentintoacateandaskedforacoffee.Whilewaitingformydrink,Isawmanypeopleplayingcomputergames,Istoodupandwalkedbetweenthetables.WhenIcametothebiggestcomputer,Isawathin,smallmansittinginfrontofit.“IamSteve,”hefinallyansweredafterIaskedhimacoupleoftimeswhathisnamewas.“Ican’ttalkwithyou.I’mbusy,”hesaid.Hewaschattingonlineand,atthesametimeplayingacomputergame—awargame.Iwassurprised.Whydidn’tStevewanttotalkwithme?Itriedagaintospeaktothatcomputergeek(电脑迷),butnotawordcameoutofhismouth.Itouchedhisshoulder,butnoreaction.Iwasunhappy.Iputmyhandinfrontofthemonitorandheshouted,“Leavemealone.”Itookafewstepsback,wonderingifallthosepeoplewerehavinganiceconversationwiththeirmachines,notwithpeople,especiallySteve.Iwouldn’twanttoimaginethefutureofhumanbeingsiftheypreferredsharingtheirliveswithmachinesinsteadofwithpeople.Iwasworriedandsankinmythoughts.Ididn’tevenrealizethatthecoffeewasbad,justasStevedidn’tnoticetherewasapersonnexttohim.8.Whatwastheweatherlikewhenthewriterenteredthecafe?A.Sunny. B.Windy. C.Snowy. D.Rainy.9.—Whydidn’tStevewanttotalktothewriter?—Because.A.hethoughtthewriterwasugly B.hewasplayingacomputergameandchattingonlineC.hedidn’tknowthewriter D.hewasimpolite10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“monitor”meaninChinese?A.显示器 B.检测器 C.主机 D.鼠标11.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeSteve?A.Polite. B.Generous. C.Patient. D.Cold.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文由作者的一次经历讲述了许多的人沉迷于网络，只与电脑交流，不与人交流，作者对此感到深深的担忧。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Itwasraining.Iwentintoacateandaskedforacoffee.(天在下雨。我走进一家餐馆，要了一杯咖啡)”可知，当作者走进咖啡馆时是雨天。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Hewaschattingonlineand,atthesametimeplayingacomputergame—awargame.(他一边在网上聊天，一边玩电脑游戏——一个战争游戏)”可知，史蒂夫不想和作者聊天是因为他在玩电脑游戏和网上聊天。故选B。10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Hewaschattingonlineand,atthesametimeplayingacomputergame—awargame.(他一边在网上聊天，一边玩电脑游戏——一个战争游戏)”；第三段“Itouchedhisshoulder,butnoreaction.Iwasunhappy.(我摸了摸他的肩膀，但没有反应。我很不开心)”；划线词上文“Iputmyhandinfrontofthe”以及后文“andheshouted,“Leavemealone.””可知，作者对于Steve的反应很不开心，于是把手放在他的显示器上，Steve正在电脑上玩游戏和聊天，这一举动导致他不满大叫。故划线词意思“显示器”。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““IamSteve,”hefinallyansweredafterIaskedhimacoupleoftimeswhathisnamewas.“Ican’ttalkwithyou.I’mbusy,”hesaid.Hewaschattingonlineand,atthesametimeplayingacomputergame—awargame.Iwassurprised.(“我叫史蒂夫，”在我问了他几次他叫什么名字后，他终于回答。“我不能和你说话。我很忙，”他说。他一边在网上聊天，一边玩电脑游戏——一个战争游戏。我很惊讶)”第三段“Ididn’tevenrealizethatthecoffeewasbad,justasStevedidn’tnoticetherewasapersonnexttohim.(我甚至没有意识到咖啡不好喝，就像史蒂夫没有注意到他旁边有个人一样)”可推知，Steve很冷漠。故选D。DIn2014,Time,aleadingAmericanmagazinechoosestheheroichealthcareworkerscaringforEbola(埃博拉)patientsinwestAfricaastheir“PersonoftheYear”.InFebruary,2014,thelargestEbolaoutbreakinworldhistorybeganinthewestAfricancountriesofGuinea(几内亚),LiberiaandSierraLeone(塞拉利昂).Atthetime,therewaslittletostopthediseasefromspreadingfurther.NeitherthegovernmentsnortheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)wasreadytofightit.“ButtheDoctorsWithoutBorders(无国界医生组织)andmanyothersfromallovertheworldfoughtside-by-sidewithlocaldoctorsandnurses,ambulancedriversandburialteams,”Timedescribesinanarticle.Ebolahasnowkilledmorethan6,000people(mostlyinwestAfrica),andmorethan17,000peoplehavebeeninfected.AccordingtotheWHO,622healthcareworkershavebeeninfectedwithEbolathroughtheendofNovembers346ofthemhavedied.Theincidencerate(感染率)ofEbolainSierraLeoneisabout100timeshigherforhealthcareworkersthanitwasforotherpeopleinthecountry.SierraLeonedoctorKombaSongu-M’briwagotinfectedaftertreatingapatient(wholaterdied).HesaidthattheEbolafieldworkwas“themostdifficult,mostpitifulworkofhislife.”Luckilyhesurvivedandhasdecidedtoreturntothefield.“Idon’thaveregretsbecauseI’menjoyingmyjob.”Ebolaisacontagious(传染性的)andverydangerousdisease.Itcanleadtoseriousbleeding,organfailure(器官衰竭)anddeath.Thediseasekillsabout50percentofthoseinfected.12.WhoisTime’s2014“PersonoftheYear”?A.TheEbolapatients.B.TheEbolafighters.C.TheAfricangovernment.D.TheWorldHealthOrganization.13.WecantellfromthestorythatEbolamainlybrokeoutin.ASoutheastAsia B.SouthAmericaC.WestAfrica D.EastAfrica14.HowmanyhealthcareworkershavebeeninfectedwithEbolabytheendofNovember?A.6,000. B.17,000. C.346. D.622.15.Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?A.TheEbolavirusisveryterrible.BHeroicEbolafighters.C.AfamousAmericanmagazine.D.ThelargestEbolaoutbreakinworldhistory.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了来自世界各地的医护人员们在与埃博拉病毒抗争中，感染病毒甚至死亡的人数很多，以此说明埃博拉病毒的危险性以及医护人员的伟大精神。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“In2014,Time,aleadingAmericanmagazinechoosestheheroichealthcareworkerscaringforEbola(埃博拉)patientsinwestAfricaastheir‘PersonoftheYear’.(在2014年，美国著名的《时代》杂志评选出了英勇的医护人员为‘年度人物’，因为那些医护人员照顾西非的埃博拉病毒患者)”可知，《时代杂志》的“年度人物”评选了出了那些与埃博拉病毒抗争的人。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Ebolahasnowkilledmorethan6,000people(mostlyinwestAfrica),andmorethan17,000peoplehavebeeninfected.(埃博拉病毒现在已经导致超过6000人死亡（主要在西非），超过17000人被感染)”可知，埃博拉病毒主要是在西非地区爆发的。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“AccordingtotheWHO,622healthcareworkershavebeeninfectedwithEbolathroughtheendofNovembers346ofthemhavedied.(根据世界卫生组织说法，截止到11月底，已经有622名医护人员感染埃博拉病毒，其中346名人员死亡)”可知，截止到11月份，感染埃博拉病毒的医护人员共有622名。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“In2014,Time,aleadingAmericanmagazinechoosestheheroichealthcareworkerscaringforEbola(埃博拉)patientsinwestAfricaastheir‘PersonoftheYear’.(在2014年，美国著名的《时代》杂志评选出了英勇的医护人员为‘年度人物’，因为那些医护人员照顾西非的埃博拉病毒患者)”并结合下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了来自世界各地的医护人员们在与埃博拉病毒抗争中，感染病毒甚至死亡的人数很多，以此说明埃博拉病毒的危险性以及医护人员的伟大精神。故选B项。第二部分知识运用(共两节，满分25分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。HaveyoueverbeentoThailand?WhenyoutravelinThailand,youshouldn’t____16____theBangkokWalkingFoodTour.Itusuallytakesthreehoursto____17____thewholetour.Duringthe3-hourtour,youcaneatyourfill(开怀大吃)in____18____excellentlittlerestaurantsandhavegreatfunattheculturalattractions.Hereyoucanfindlotsofeateries(饮食店)thathavebeenopenformanyyears.Enjoy____19____whenyouhavesomanykindsofThaidishes.Asyouknow,theyareall____20____deeplybyThaihistoryandculture.Thefoodiscleverlydesignedintosmallportion(一份)sizes,____21____youcantrymoredisheswithoutfeelingtoofull.Thetourstartsat10a.m.and____22____ataround1p.m.Ifyouare____23____enough,youshouldn’teatbreakfast.Thistourisoneofvisitors’____24____activitiesinThailandandreallygivesyouachancetoget____25____tothedeliciousfoodoftheamazingcountry.YouwillalsobeabletofindmorewonderfulfoodintherestofThailandwiththehelpofthisexperience.16.A.miss B.try C.hire D.join17.A.begin B.think C.plan D.finish18.A.agreatdeal B.anumberof C.alittle D.thenumberof19.A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself20.A.influenced B.expressed C.celebrated D.imagined21.A.suchas B.becauseof C.sothat D.accordingto22.A.lasts B.ends C.rises D.changes23.A.silly B.fun C.strange D.wise24.A.peaceful B.useful C.favorite D.easy25.A.smaller B.closer C.wider D.bigger【答案】16.A17.D18.B19.D20.A21.C22.B23.D24.C25.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了泰国美食之旅。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在泰国旅行时，你不应该错过曼谷徒步美食之旅。A.miss错过；B.try尝试；C.hire雇用；D.join加入。根据后文“havegreatfunattheculturalattractions”可知，作者建议品尝美食，所以是不应该错过，故选A。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：完成整个旅行通常需要三个小时。A.begin开始；B.think思考；C.plan计划；D.finish结束。根据上文“Itusuallytakesthreehoursto”可知，此处指完成整个旅行通常需要三个小时。故选D。【18题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：在3个小时的游览中，你可以在一些很棒的小餐馆里饱餐一顿，还可以在文化景点玩得很开心。A.agreatdeal许多，修饰不可数名词；B.anumberof许多，后跟复数名词；C.alittle很少，修饰不可数名词；D.thenumberof……的数量。后文“excellentlittlerestaurants”为可数名词复数形式，表示“很多”应用anumberof修饰。故选B。【19题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：当你有这么多种类的泰国菜时，请尽情享受。A.you你；B.your你的，形容词性物主代词；C.yours你的，名词性物主代词；D.yourself你自己。此处为短语enjoyoneself表示“玩得高兴”。故选D。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如你所知，他们都深受泰国历史和文化的影响。A.influenced影响；B.expressed表达；C.celebrated庆祝；D.imagined想象。根据后文“deeplybyThaihistoryandculture”指深受泰国历史和文化的影响。故选A。【21题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：食物被巧妙地设计成小份，这样你就可以尝试更多的菜而不会感到太饱。A.suchas例如；B.becauseof因为；C.sothat以便；D.accordingto根据。此处引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”应用sothat。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：旅游从上午10点开始，下午1点左右结束。A.lasts持续；B.ends结束；C.rises上升；D.changes改变。根据上文“Thetourstartsat10a.m.and”可知是说明开始和结束的时间。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你足够聪明，你不应该吃早餐。A.silly愚蠢的；B.fun有趣的；C.strange奇怪的；D.wise明智的。根据后文“enough,youshouldn’teatbreakfast”可知，要留着肚子吃东西，即如果你足够聪明，你不应该吃早餐。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行是游客在泰国最喜欢的活动之一，真的给你一个机会近距离接触这个神奇国家的美味食物。A.peaceful和平的；B.useful有用的；C.favorite最爱的；D.easy容易的。作者极力推荐美食活动，说明是最喜欢的活动之一，故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行是游客在泰国最喜欢的活动之一，真的给你一个机会近距离接触这个神奇国家的美味食物。A.smaller更小的；B.closer更近的；C.wider更宽的；D.bigger更大的。根据后文“tothedeliciousfoodoftheamazingcountry”指给你一个机会近距离接触这个神奇国家的美味食物。故选B。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写到答题卡上。AmyandherbestfriendJenny____26____(be)closefor8years.Butlastweekend,Jenny____27____(break)Amy’strust.Theyhadplanned____28____(meet)atthecinemathatafternoon.Butinthemorning,Jennysentamessagesayingshehad____29____cold.However,todayaclassmatetoldAmythatshehadseenJenny____30____(chat)withanothergirlinacafeonSaturdayafternoon.Amywassoangry____31____sheavoidedJennyduringtheday.Shewasatalosswhattodonext.Manyclassmatesgavehertheir____32____(opinion).CindysuggestedthatAmyfindanopportunitytohaveatalk____33____Jennyandlistentowhat____34____(her)hastosay.Shewassurethattheycouldsolvetheproblem____35____(successful).【答案】26.havebeen27.broke28.tomeet29.a30.chatting31.that32.opinions33.with34.she35.successfully【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了艾米和好朋友珍妮友谊出现裂痕及她向在线社区寻求建议的故事。【26题详解】考查动词的时态。句意：艾米和珍妮是八年的密友。分析句子结构可知，句中缺谓语动词，时间状语是“foreightyears”以及句意可知，用现在完成时，主语是“AmyandJenny”，故填havebeen。【27题详解】考查动词的时态。句意：但是上周末，珍妮辜负了艾米的信任。分析句子结构可知，句中缺谓语动词，时间状语是“lastweekend”用一般过去时，故填broke。【28题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们原计划那天下午在电影院见面。plantodo表示“计划做某事”用动词不定式作宾语，故填tomeet。【29题详解】考查冠词。句意：但是在早上，珍妮发消息说她感冒了。haveacold表示“得感冒”，填不定冠词，故填a。【30题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，今天一个同学告诉艾米，她星期六下午在咖啡馆看到珍妮和另一个女孩聊天。分析句子结构可知，句中缺非谓语动词，seesomebodydoing表示“看到某人正在做某事”符合句意，故填chatting。【31题详解】考查状语从句。句意：艾米非常生气，白天躲着珍妮。“如此...以至于”是so...that引导状语从句，故填that。【32题详解】考查名词。句意：许多同学向她发表了意见。opinion为可数名词，且有their修饰，用复数。故填opinions。【33题详解】考查介词。句意：辛迪建议艾米找个机会和珍妮谈谈，听听她要说什么。haveatalkwith表示“和某人谈谈”，故填with。【34题详解】考查代词。句意：辛迪建议艾米找个机会和珍妮谈谈，听听她要说什么。分析句子结构可知，what引导宾语从句，从句中代词作主语，she是主格作主语，故填she。【35题详解】考查副词。句意：她确信他们能成功地解决这个问题。副词修饰动词solve，作状语，故填successfully。第三部分写作技能(共两节，满分30分)第一节双向翻译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)请根据上下文内容，将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。Itisjustpastfiveo’clockontheChineseNewYear’sEve,andLuoYanliftsthecoverofalargebowltobreatheintherichsmellofthesoup____36____hiswifeandmotherhaveprepared.LuoYanandhiswifeandsonhavesettledinthebigcityfarawayfromtheirhometown.Theirjourneyfromthecitywheretheyliveandworkbacktotheirhometownwasa____37____漫长而又疲乏的onejustafewyearsago.However,____38____thehigh-speedtrainhasmadeitmoreconvenientforthemtogobackhome.Duringthefour-hourtrip,theychattedhappilywitheachother.____39____一到家,theyfindLuo’sparentseagerlywaitingforthem.Indeed,thefamilycouldn’tbehappiertobetogether.Asmidnightapproaches,LuoYantakeshisparents,wifeandsonoutsidetosetofffirecrackers.____40____Thewholevillageislitupwiththeflashesoffireworks.【答案】36.他妻子和妈妈准备好的37.longandtired38.高铁使他们回家更加方便39.Ontheirarrival40.整个村庄都被烟花的闪光照亮了【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了罗岩在除夕带着妻子和孩子跟家人团聚故事。【36题详解】考查动词时态。hiswifeandmother表示“他妻子和妈妈”，haveprepared，为现在完成时，表示“已经准备好的”。故答案是：他妻子和妈妈准备好的。【37题详解】考查形容词。表示“漫长而又疲惫的”应用longandtired，形容词作定语。故填longandtired。【38题详解】考查固定句型。Thehigh-speedtrain表示“高铁”，make+it+forsb.todosth.为固定句型，it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语，moreconvenient表示“更加方便的”，gobackhome表示“回家”，hasmadeitmoreconvenientforthemtogobackhome表示“使他们回家更加方便”。故答案是：高铁使他们回家更加方便。【39题详解】考查固定短语。onone’sarrival表示“一到家”，此处表示“他们的”应用their。故答案是：Ontheirarrival。【40题详解】考查动词时态语态。Thewholevillage表示“整个村庄”islitupwith表示“被点亮”，此处使用一般现在时的被动语态，theflashesoffireworks表示“烟花的闪光”。故答案是：整个村庄都被烟花的闪光照亮了。第二节情景作文(共一个小题，满分20分)41.随着“50后”和“60后”步入老年，我国人口老龄化现象日趋严重。为了应对这个问题，我国相继出台了放开“二孩”和“三孩”生育政策，但是收效甚微。如果你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom发来电子邮件问你为什么现在中国人的生育意愿不高，请你回信谈谈你的看法。1.needalotofmoneyforthechild’seducationanddailynecessities;2.needalotoftimeandenergytotakecareofachild;3.morechildrenmeansabiggerhouse,butthehousepriceistoohigh;4.mothersmaylosetheirjobsbecauseofhavingababy;5.womenareindependentandnotwillingtogiveupwork.注意：1.词数不少于100，开头和结尾已经给出，不计人总词数；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearTom,Gladtohearfromyou.AsweallknowfeweryoungpeopleinChinaarewillingtohaveasecondchild.Thereasonsareasfollows:___________________________________________________________________