石油化工企业可燃气体和有毒气体检测报警设计规范

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rpartiallyenclosedfactorybuilding,aormoredetector(s)shouldbesetatthehighestpointeasytoaccumulatethecombustiblegasinadditiontoadetectortobesetabovetheleasingsource.4.2Storage-transportationFacilities4.2.1ForthestoragetankusedforliquefiedhydrocarbonsorliquidsofClassAb,thedetectorsshouldbesetinthefollowingpositions:(1)Adetectorper30mshouldbesetinsidethefirewalloftheliquefiedhydrocarbontankgroup,andthedistancebetweenthedetectorandtheflangeorvalveofthedrainoutletorbottomconnectionpipeofthetankshouldnotbelongerthan15m.(2)InsidethefirewalloftheliquidsofClassAb,aormoredetector(s)shouldbeset,andthedistancebetweenthedetectorandtheflangeorvalveofthetankdrainoutlet,samplingport,orbottom(side)connectionpipeshouldnotbelongerthan15m.4.2.2ForthehandlingfacilitiesusedforliquefiedhydrocarbonsortheliquidsofClassAb,aormoredetector(s)shouldbesetatthefollowingpositions:(1)Fortherailroadplatformequippedwithsmallfillingrisers,adetectorissetforeverytankwagonlengthpreferably,andthehorizontaldistancebetweenthedetectorandtheinletofthewagonshouldnotbelongerthan15m;(2)Fortherailroadplatformequippedwithbigfillingrisers,adetectorissetpreferably;(3)Thehorizontaldistancebetweenthepositionfillingtankcarandthefillingriserinanautomobilehandlingstationshouldnotbelongerthan15m.ThedetectorshouldbelocatedinaccordancewiththestipulationinforClause4.1.2oftheSpecificationswhenthereisasurgetankintheautomobilehandlingstation.4.2.3DetectorsforthepumpsandcompressorsofthehandlingfacilitiesshouldbesetinaccordancewiththestipulationsinforClauses4.1.1through4.1.3oftheSpecifications.4.2.4Detectorsinthefillingstationofliquefiedhydrocarbonsshouldbesetinaccordancewiththefollowingrequirements:(1)Forcompletelyorpartiallyclosedcylinder-fillingworkshop,thedistancebetweenthefillingportandthedetectorshouldbewithintherangeof5-7.5m;(2)ThecompletelyorpartiallyclosedcylinderwarehouseshouldaccordwiththestipulationsinforClause4.1.3oftheSpecifications.Aroundthewarehousepartiallyintheopenair,adetectorshouldbesetper15-30ml;onedetectorshouldbesetwhenthecircumferenceislongerthan15m;(3)Thedistancebetweenthedetectorandthedrainoutletorvalvegroupofthesurgetankshouldbewithintherangeof5-7.5m.4.2.5Forthecompletelyorpartiallyenclosedworkshoptofillhydrogencylinders,thedetectorsshouldbesetinthehighestpointabovethefillingport,wherethegaseasilystaysindoor.4.2.6Forthedockstohandleliquefiedhydrocarbons,liquidsofClassesAbandBa,adetectorshouldbesetinthehorizontalareaof15mradiusfromthetransferringarm.Whenthedetectorcannotbesetso,thedetectionofthecombustiblegasesshouldaccordwiththestipulationsinforClause3.0.9oftheSpecifications.ToxicgasdetectorsusedfortoxicgasstorageandtransportationfacilitiesshouldbesetinaccordancewiththestipulationsinforClauses4.1.2and4.1.3.4.3LocationswhereCombustibleGasesandToxicGasesDiffuseandAccumulate4.3.1Thedetectorordetectorsshouldbesetinapoint5mfromthefiredheateroroutsidethefirewallbetweentheheaterandtheequipmentforthegasesofClassAandliquefiedhydrocarbonsoraprobablereleasingsourcesinthecaseofabnormalrunning.4.3.2Adetectorshouldbesetinthecontrolroom,andpowerdistributionroom,aswellasplaceswithin30mfromtheprocessingequipmentsetorstorage-transportationforthegasesClassA,toxicgases,liquefiedhydrocarbons,andtheliquidsofClassAbmeetingthefollowingconditions:(1)Thedoororwindowoftheroomfacestheprocessingequipmentsetorstorage–transportationfacilities;(2)Thecontrolroomorpowerdistributionroomwheretheovergroundpowercabletroughsortubesandpipelinesfortheinstrumententer.4.3.3Adetectorshouldbesetinthenon-explosion-proofonlineinstrumentcubiclelocatedwithinRegion-2.Fordetectionofthecombustiblegaslighterthanair,thedetectorshouldbesetthehighestpointwherethecombustiblegaseseasilyaccumulateintheinstrumentcubicle.4.3.4Detectorsshouldbesetonthosespotsoutoftheeffectivelydetectablecoverageofthedetector:(1)Thelowestgroundofpitand/orsewageditch,wherethecombustiblegasesand/ortoxicgasmayaccumulate,intheareaoftheprocessingunitorstorage-transportationfacilitieswhichuseorgenerateliquefiedhydrocarbons,and/ortoxicgases.(2)ThecornerpocketswherethegasesofClassA,toxicgaseseasilyaccumulate.5.DETECTION-ALARMSYSTEMSOFCOMBUSTIBLEGASESANDTOXICGASES5.1SystemCompositionandPerformance5.1.1Suchasystemshouldbeacombustiblegasalertinstrumentconsistingeitherofadetectorandanalarmofcombustiblegasortoxicgas,orofadetectorandaindicator-alarmofcombustiblegasortoxicgasasitsessentialpart.Besides,italsomaybeadetectionandalarmsystemconsistingofaspecialdata-acquisitionsystemandadetector.5.1.2Thesystemcompositionshouldmeetthefollowingrequirements:ForthedetectorthatadoptsmVsignal,frequencysignal,or4~20mAsignalasitsoutput,itisrecommendedtouseanindicator-alarmasitsspecialalarmcontroller;aalarmconsistingofasignalsetterandaflashalarmunitalsomaybeused;thesignaltotheinterlockingprotectionsystemandthealarmrecorderpreferablycomesfromthealarmcontrollerorthesignalsetter.Forthedetectoradoptingcontactoutputmode,itisrecommendedtoconnectthealarmsignaltotheflashalarmsystemortheinterlockingprotectionsystem,andoutputofthesignaltothealarmrecordermayberealizedbytheflashalarmsystemortheinterlockingprotectionsystem.Itisrecommendedtoadoptaspecialdata-acquisitionunitordeviceasthedata-acquisitionsystemofacombustiblegasand/oratoxicgas,anditisunsuitabletoconnectadetectorusedforacombustiblegasand/oratoxictosomeothersignal–acquisitionunitordevice,consequently,mutualsubstitutionbetweenboththeacquisitionunitsordevicesmustbeavoided.Whenthesignalsetterandthealarmcontrollerareadopted,thealarmrecordershouldbesetinaccordancewiththestipulationinforClause3.0.3oftheSpecifications,andthealarmrecordershouldhavebothalarmprintingandhistorydatastoringfunctions.ThealarmrecordermaybeaDCSorsomeotherdata-acquisitionsystem,oraselectedspecialindustrialmicrocomputerorsystem.Technicalperformancesofdetectors,indicator-alarms,oralarmsshouldaccordwiththerelevantstipulationsinthecurrentnationalstandard“GasdetectionandAlarmforWorkplaceAtmosphereGeneralTechnicalRequirements”,GB12358.5.2TheSelectionofDetectors5.2.1Theselectionofcombustiblegasdetectorsshouldaccordwiththefollowingstipulations:Thedetectorofcatalyticcombustiontypeispreferablyadopted,andthedetectorofsomeothertypealsoissuitable;Forthelocationwheresmallamountofthemedium,suchassulfur-,phosphor-,arsenic-,orhalogen-containingcompounds,whichmaypoisonthecatalyticburntdetectingelement,adetectorofantitoxiccatalyticcombustiontypeorsemiconductivetypeshouldbeadopted.Thedetectorofelectrochemicaltypeorconductivetypeshouldbeadoptedfordetectinghydrogen.Thesuitabletypeofatoxicgasdetectormaybeselecteddependingontheconcretecharacteristicofthetoxicgastobedetected:Adetectorofconstant-potentialelectrolytictype,orsemiconductivetypemaybeadoptedfordetectinghydrogensulfide,orcarbonmonoxide;Adetectorofdiaphragmelectrodetype,catalyticcombustiontype,orsemiconductivetypemaybeadoptedfordetectingchlorine;Adetectorofgelelectrolytic(electriccell)type,diaphragmelectrodetype,orconstant-potentialelectrolytictypemaybeadoptedfordetectinghydrogencyanide;Adetectorofsemiconductivetype,orconstant-potentialelectrolytictypemaybeadoptedforethyleneepoxide,oracrylonitrile;Adetectorofsemiconductivetype,orphotonelectrolytictypemaybeadoptedfordetectinggasofchloroethylene.Mutualaffectionbetweenthetoxicgastobedetectedandotherpossiblegas(es)intheenvironmentwhereatoxicgasdetectorissetshouldbetakenintoaccountwhenselectingasuitabletoxicgasdetector.Selectionofasuitableexplosion-prooftypedetectorshouldaccordwiththefollowingstipulations:Asuitableexplosion-prooftypeofadetectorshouldbeselecteddependingonClassofexplosivedangerouszonethedetectedplacefalls;Theexplosion-proofclassandgroupofadetectorshouldbeselecteddependingonthecategory,class,andgroupofthecombustiblegastobedetected;Adetectorofcatalyticcombustiontypepreferablyisadetectorofframe-prooftype;Foradetectorofelectrochemicaltypeorsemiconductivetype,itpreferablyisadetectorofframe-prooftypeorintrinsicallysafeexplosive-prooftype;Aframe-proofstructureshouldbeadoptedforanelectricsuctionsampler.Samplingmodeofadetectorshouldbeselecteddependingondifferentsiteswherethedetectorissetasperthefollowingstipulations:Itisgenerallyrecommendedtoadoptadetectorofdiffusiontype.Adetectorofsingle-spotormulti-spotsuctiontypeispreferablyadoptedinthefollowingcases:Asitewhereevensmallamountofleakagemaycauseseriousconsequence;Asitewhereadetectorofdiffusiontypeisdifficulttobeusedbecauseofitsmountingand/ortheenvironmentalrestriction;Theleasingsourceofa(extremelyhazardous)gasofGradeI;Asitewhereareleasingsourcesoftoxicgasesconcentrated.Whenatoxicgasdetectorofsuctiontypeisusedfordetectingacombustibletoxicgas,itispreferabletoselectasamplingsystemofpneumaticsuctiontype.5.3SelectionofAlarmsorIndicator-alarms5.3.1Thealarmorindicator-alarmshouldhavethefollowingfunctions,respectively:Canpoweracombustiblegasortoxicgasdetectorandsomeotherpartconnectingtoit.Candirectlyorindirectlyreceivethealarmsignalcomingfromthecombustiblegasand/ortoxicgasdetectorandotheralarmtriggers,giveout