英语翻译硕士2021天津外大专硕《翻译硕士英语》考研真题

英语翻译硕士2021天津外大专硕《翻译硕士英语》

考研真题一,Readingcomprehension(40')Directions:Beloweachofthefollowing4passagesyouwill,findquestionsorincompletestatementsaboutthepassage.Eachstatementorquestionisfollowedbyletteredwordsorexpressions.Selectthewordorexpressionthatmostsatisfactorilycompletesoranswerseachquestioninaccordancewiththemeaningofthepassage.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40")⑴Thisenthusiasmsurprisedme,sincethereisvirtuallynothingaboutthetheOlympicsthatisculturallyrelevanttoChina.ApartfromjudoandTaeKwonDo,whoselinkstoChinaareindirect,therearenotraditionalChineseathleticsintheGames.Inancienttimes,theChinesenobilityplayedcuju,agamethatisremotelysimilartosoccer,andchuiwan,whichresemblesgolf.TheForbiddenCityMuseumhasapaintingofaTang-dynastyemperor,Minghuang,involvedinapolo-likegamewiththepalacemaidens.ButtheheartoftheancientChineseathletictradition,andthepartofitthatwasmoreaccessibletocommonpeople,consistsofwushu,ortraditionalmartialarts,andqigong,meditativebreathingexercises.Theseactivitiesareasmuchspiritualandaestheticastheyarephysical;theirgoalisartisticexpressionandself-improvement,ratherthanwinning.TheancientChinesedidn'tbuildstadiums,becausetheirathleticswerenotdesignedtodrawpayingcrowds.TheChineselanguagedidn'tevenhaveatermfor“sports”untilthenineteenthcentury,whenforeignersintroducedamoresystematicapproachtoathletics.Chinesehistoriansdrawthelinebetweenancientandmodernsportsat1840.Thatsummer,thefirstfull-sizedBritishfleetarrivedoffCanton,acceleratingtheOpiumWarandkickingoffChina’smostpainfulhistoricalera.ThemissionariesandotheroutsiderswhoarrivedinthelatenineteenthcenturyintroducedWesternideasofcompetitiontoChineseathletics.Intheearlytwentiethcentury,ChinabegantotakeaninterestintheOlympicmovement,andasingleChinesesprintercompetedinthe1932Games.Fouryearslater,attheBerlinOlympics,Chinasponsoredadelegationofsixty-nineathletes,amongthemamixed-genderwushuexhibitionteamthatperformedbeforeHitler.Bythen,theChinesewerecommittedtotheOlympics,andtheyhadcometoseesportsasawayinwhichthecountrycouldavengetheinjusticesofthepastcentury.“TherewasafeelingofbeingtheunderdogandwantingtoprovetotheworldthattheChinesewerestrong,”JamesRiordan,oftheUniversityofSurrey,whohasstudiedsportsintheformerSovietUnionandChina,toldmewhenIcalledhim..Whentheauthorwrites“ApartfromjudoandTaeKwonDo,whoselinkstoChinaareindirect...”hemeansJudooriginatedinKoreaTaeKwonDeoriginatedinJapanBothsportswereintroducedintoChinafromothercountriesBothsportswereintroducedintoChinaviaathirdcountry.Thatwushuandqigongarenotconsideredasport,accordingtotheauthor,isbecauseTheyarenotincludedintheOlympicsGamesTheyarenotrelatedevenremotelytosoccerorgolfTheyaregoodtolookatTheyarenotcompetitive.“Amixedgenderteam”mostprobablymeansthatTheteamconsistsofbothmenandwomenTheteamconsistsofgendermaresTheteamconsistsofathletesofallagesTheteamconsistsofatheletesfromdifferentpartsofthecountry..JamesRiordanbelievesthatChinaseessportsasawaytowinmedalstowinfriendstoshowstrengthofthenationtowinpersonalreputation.“AsingleChinesesprintercompetedinthe1932Games.”Givethenameofthisathlete.ZhangBolingLiuChangchunDongShouyiYanXiu【答案与解析】.C文章首句指出〃这种热情使我感到惊讶，因为奥运会上几乎没有与中国文化相关的运动”，接着第二句讲述到〃除了柔道和跆拳道与中国有着间接的关联外，奥运会上没有传统的中国体育运动”。柔道和跆拳道分别源自日本和韩国，因此该句想要表达的是这两种运动是由其他国家传入中国的，即C项内容。.D文章第一段倒数第三、四句指出中国古代传统体育运动的核心是武术和气功，它们是身体锻炼和精神及美学的结合，其目的是艺术表现和自我提升，而不是取胜(ratherthanwinning)，因此这就是作者不把武术和气功看作是体育运动的原因，故D项正确。.A第二段倒数第三句指出，四年之后中国参加了柏林奥运会，派出了69名运动员所组成的代表团，其中就包括amixed-genderwushuexhibitionteam,根据语境可知，mixed-gender指的是“男女混合的”，因此A项正确。.C文章最后一句给出JamesRiordan所认为的中国参加奥运会的原因，即“TherewasafeelingofbeingtheunderdogandwantingtoprovetotheworldthattheChinesewerestrong"(感觉自己是受压迫者/劣势者，想要向全世界证明中国的强大)，因此C项表达的意思与之相符。.B1932年中国首次参加奥运会，第十届奥运会在美国洛杉矶举行，中国只派出了一名短跑运动员刘长春。因此B项正确。(2)Bynow,bothinvestigatorshadaclearvisionofwhathadhappened.Someonehadpouredliquidaccelerantthroughoutthechildren'sroom,evenundertheirbeds,thenpouredsomemorealongtheadjoininghallwayandoutthefrontdoor,creatinga“firebarrier”thatpreventedanyonefromescaping;similarly,aprosecutorlatersuggested,therefrigeratorinthekitchenhadbeenmovedtoblocktheback-doorexit.Thehouse,inshort,hadbeendeliberatelytransformedintoadeathtrap.Theinvestigatorscollectedsamplesofburnedmaterialsfromthehouseandsentthemtoalaboratorythatcoulddetectthepresenceofaliquidaccelerant.Thelab'schemistreportedthatoneofthesamplescontainedevidenceof“mineralspirits,”asubstancethatisoftenfoundincharcoal-lighterfluid.Thesamplehadbeentakenbythethresholdofthefrontdoor.Thefirewasnowconsideredatriplehomicide,andToddWillingham一theonlyperson,besidesthevictims,knowntohavebeeninthehouseatthetimeoftheblaze—becametheprimesuspect.Policeandfireinvestigatorscanvassedtheneighborhood,interviewingwitnesses.Several,likeFatherMonaghan,initiallyportrayedWillinghamasdevastatedbythefire.Yet,overtime,anincreasingnumberofwitnessesoffereddamningstatements.DianeBarbeesaidthatshehadnotseenWillinghamtrytoenterthehouseuntilaftertheauthoritiesarrived,asifhewereputtingonashow.Andwhenthechildren’sroomexplodedwithflames,sheadded,heseemedmorepreoccupiedwithhiscar,whichhemoveddownthedriveway.AnotherneighborreportedthatwhenWillinghamcriedoutforhisbabieshe“didnotappeartobeexcitedorconcerned.”EvenFatherMonaghanwroteinastatementthat,uponfurtherreflection,“thingswerenotastheyseemed.Ihadthefeelingthat[Willingham]wasincompletecontrol.”ThepolicebegantopiecetogetheradisturbingprofileofWillingham.BorninArdmore,Oklahoma,in1968,hehadbeenabandonedbyhismotherwhenhewasababy.Hisfather,Gene,whohaddivorcedhismother,eventuallyraisedhimwithhisstepmother,Eugenia.Gene,aformerU.S.marine,workedinasalvageyard,andthefamilylivedinacrampedhouse;atnight,theycouldhearfreighttrainsrattlingpastonanearbytrack.Willingham.whohadwhatthefamilycalledthe“classicWillinghamlook”—ahandsomeface.thickblackhair,anddarkeyes—struggledinschool,andasateen-agerbegantosniffpaint.Whenhewasseventeen,Oklahoma'sDepartmentofHumanServicesevaluatedhim,andreported,“Helikes‘girls,“music,fastcars,sharptrucks,swimming,andhunting,inthatorder.”Willinghamdroppedoutofhighschool,andovertimewasarrestedfor,amongotherthings,drivingundertheinfluence,stealingabicycle,andshoplifting.In1988,hemetStacy,aseniorinhighschool,whoalsocamefromatroubledbackground:whenshewasfouryearsold,herstepfatherhadstrangledhermothertodeathduringafight.StacyandWillinghamhadaturbulentrelationship.Willingham,whowasunfaithful,dranktoomuchJackDaniel’s,andsometimeshitStacy—evenwhenshewaspregnant.AneighborsaidthatheonceheardWillinghamyellather,“Getup,bitch,andI’llhityouagain.”.Liquidaccelerantmostprobablyis.AkindoffuelthatspeedsupthespreadoffireAkindofwaterthatisaccessibletotouristAkindoffluidthatmakeswaterflowmorequicklyAkindoffuelthatmakesthecarmovefaster.TriplehomicideisacomplicatedphraseeachwordofwhichconsistingofmanyLatinaffixes,suchastri-meaningthreeand-cidemeaningkilling.Sowemayinferthatthetermmeans.ThemurdertookplaceinthreedifferentplacesThearsonistkilledatotalofthreepeopleThreemurderersworkingincollaborationkilledonevictimThreemurdererskilledthreevictims.Whichcontradictstheeye-witnesses'accountsofthefire?ToddWillinghamcaresmoreabouthiscarthanhischildrenintheburninghouseToddWillinghamdidnothingatalltosavehisendangeredchildrenToddWillinghamdidnottellthetruthjudgedbyhisbehavioratthefiresceneToddWillinghamdidnotshedtearsseeinghischildrenengulfedinthefire.“Helikes‘girls,’music,fastcars,sharptrucks,swimming,andhunting,inthatorder”meanswhathelikesmostis.“girls”huntingfastcarsnotclear.Drivingundertheinfluence,orDUIforshortmeans.drunkdrivingforceddrivingdrivingbyobeyingsomeone'sorderdrivingtoanimportantplace【答案与解析】.A文章第一段介绍到，有人在孩子们的房间里，甚至床下都泼了liquidaccelerant，然后在毗连的走廊和前门外也泼了一些，从而形成"firebarrier",使得任何人都无法逃脱。可推测liquidaccelerant指的是“液体助燃剂”，accelerant意为“促进剂，催化剂”。因此答案选A项。.B词组triplehomicide出现在第三段开头“Thefirewasnowconsideredatripleh。micide”，其中前缀tri-表示“三个"，-cide意为“杀，杀伤”，可知triplehomicide指的是纵火犯害死了三个人，因此B项为正确答案。.C题干问的是哪个选项的描述与目击者对该次火灾的陈述相矛盾。该题可用排除法来做。第四段第四句一位名叫DianeBarbee的邻居指出她看到Willingham直到相关部门到来后才试图进入房子，似乎在演戏一样，因此B项“ToddWillingham没有试图救他处于危险中的孩子”与原文内容相符。而在接下来的第五句中，她又接着说，“他似乎更关注车，他把车开下了车道”，因此，A项的〃比起孩子，他更关心车”与原文内容相符。而在同一段的第六句中，他的另一个邻居举报说“当他大声呼喊他的孩子的时候，他didnot叩peartobeexcitedorconcerned，因此D项“当看到他的孩子被火吞没时，他没有掉眼泪”与原文内容相符。而文章中并没有提到ToddWillingham的证词，所以C项“根据他在火灾现场的表现来看，他没有讲真话”这一点毫无根据。因此，本题的正确答案为C。.A题干所引用句子中inthatorder指“按顺序排列，依次排列”，因此可知ToddWillingham最喜欢的是A项中的"girls"。.A第四段后半部分讲述了ToddWillingham的成长历程，该段最后一句指出ToddWillingham高中时辍学,之后因drivingundertheinfluence、偷自行车和商店行窃等被捕。driveundertheinfluence为固定用法，指“醉酒驾驶”，因此对应A项。Althoughagrandparentwhoarrivesonthesceneafterthebirthofachildistraditionallypicturedcookingdinnerforsleep-deprivedparentsorstuffingthefreezerwithcasseroles,Icantellyouthatthesedaysit’smostlytakeout.Thatisnotsimplythenarrowviewofamalegrandparentwho,admittedly,wouldhavelittletoofferbywayofhome-cookedmealsoncehe'dservedtheseconddinnerofmeatloaf,accompaniedbyasaladofprewashedmesclunandareminderofhismother'sbeliefthatmeatloafisoneofthemanydishesthatalwaystastebetterthenextday.AsIwasabouttoleaveforSanFranciscolastspringtoinspectmydaughterAbigail'sfirstbaby,myson-in-law'smotherhadjustcompletedasimilarvisit,andAbigailreportedtome,“WehadsomegoodsushiwhileBrian'sroomwashere.”Brian'smotherisnotJapanese.Abigailwasreferringtotakeoutsushi—orcarryout,astheysayinSanFrancisco,since,shewarnedmeinadvance,SanFranciscoisaplacewhererestaurantsare,ingeneral,happytopreparefoodtogobutnothappytodeliverit.Incarryout,theacceptedroleofavisitinggrandparentistoduckintotherestaurantforthepickupwhileoneparentwaitsbehindthewheelofthedouble-parkedcarandthesecondparentremainsathome,holdingthebabywithonehandandsettingthetablewiththeother.Theoneexception,Abigailsaid,seemstobeChinesefood,whichdoescomedirectlytothedoor.InManhattan,thevictualscustomarilyreferredtoasTakeoutChinese—essentially,aseparatecuisine,ifthat’stheword,fromthefoodavailableinChinatown—tendtomakethetripfromrestaurantstoapartmenthousesdanglinginplasticbagsfromthehandlebarsofricketybicycles.(TheproprietorsofChineserestaurantsapparently'feelaboutbasketsthewayproprietorsofNationalHockeyLeagueteamsusedtofeelabouthelmets—sissystuff.Therestaurantproprietorsstillfeelthatwayabouthelmets.)Manhattanisessentiallyflat—I’vebeenridingabicyclearoundthecityforatleastthirtyyears,andIhaveyettoshiftgears—butSanFranciscois,famously,not.WhenmymindwanderedduringtheflightfromNewYork,IcouldpictureoneofthoseimpassivedeliveryboysfromaManhattanChineserestauranttryingtomakeitupanearlyperpendicularSanFranciscohill,hisdeterminationunaffectedbybreathlessnessorlegcrampsorthefactthattheweirdanglehasalreadycausedacontainerofhot-and-soursouptoburstopenonhistrousers.Whenmymindwasn'twandering,Iwasthinkingaboutwhethertopresentthehome-deliveryissuetoAbigailasonemorereasonwhyitmadesensetoliveinNewYorkratherthanSanFrancisco.Icouldimaginemyselfdeliveringthepitch:“Areyousayingthatyou'rewillingtoraisethischild—thisinnocentchild—inacitythathasvirtuallynodelivery,deprivingheroftheattentionofwhicheverparenthastomakethepickuporinterruptingherscheduleforatotallyunnecessarycarjourneyor,Godforbid,cooking?”IcouldalsoimagineAbigail,whoworksasalegal-serviceslawyerforchildren,replyingthat,accordingtothelawsandprecedentsshe’sfamiliarwith,thesortofbehaviorI'djustdescribedwouldnot,strictlyspeaking,constitutechildneglect..Amalegrandparentinthistextrefersto.Waizhufu（外祖父）ingeneralBothzhufu（祖父）andWaizhufu（外祖父）Zhufu（祖父）ingeneralWaizhufu（外祖父）inparticular.Tointerpret“thenarrowviewofamalegrandparent”weunderstandittomean.Amalegrandparent'sviewislimitedAmalegrandparent'sviewisnear-sightedAmalegrandparentislookeddownuponAmalegrandparentissharp-eyed.TheNationalHockeyLeaguerefersto.AgroupofhockeyteamsfromacrossthecountryworkingtogetherforacommongoalAgroupofhockeyteamsfromacrossthecountryplayingagainsteachotherirregularlyAgroupoficehockeyteamsfromacrossthecountryworkingtogetherforcommoninterestAgroupoficehockeyteamsfromacrossthecountryplayingagainsteachotherregularly.Accordingtothetext,theterrainofSanFranciscois.basicallyflatveryunevenveryflatbasicallyuneven.OneconvincingreasontheauthorbelievesintopersuadeherdaughtertomovebacktoNewYorkisthatManhattanboostsof.A.ChineserestaurantsFlatterrainTake-outfastfoodDelicioussushi【答案与解析】.B文章第一段的第三句话提到，“我”要leaveforSanFranciscolastspringtoinspectmydaughterAbigail’sfirstbaby，由此可知，作者要到旧金山的女儿家看望她的第一个孩子，因此他做了外祖父；而在这一句话的后半句又提至U,myson-in-law'smotherhadjustcompletedasimilarvisit,“我儿媳的妈妈也刚刚完成了类似的访问”，联系上下文，可以推断出“我”的儿媳也刚刚产子，所以“我”也做了祖父，只有B项符合原文的内容，因此，本体的正确答案为B。Anarrowview指"观点狭隘的，有偏见的”，因此A项中“viewislimited”与之表达意思相符。.DNationalHockeyLeague”北美冰球联盟”，是由北美冰球队伍所组成的职业运动联盟，现有30支队伍，是全世界最高层级的职业冰球比赛。NHL的赛季分为例行赛和季后赛，最后一轮在季后赛胜出的球队便获得史丹利杯冠军。四个选项只有后半部分不同，可知D项中“定期进行对抗赛”的表述正确。.B第二段倒数第二句指出曼哈顿的地势基本上是平坦的，并提到"butSanFranciscois,famously,not”，即旧金山的地势是出了名的不平坦，因此B项为正确答案。uneven不平坦的，凹凸不平的。.B最后一段作者指出他在想要不要向女儿提出旧金山在送餐方面的问题，以此作为劝女儿在纽约而非旧金山居住的理由之一结合上文提到的旧金山的餐馆非常乐意准备外卖食品，而不愿送饭，并且旧金山地势不平坦，送饭不方便，由此可知作者劝女儿回纽约居住的原因之一是曼哈顿的地势平坦。因此答案选B。⑷Since1970,thepopulationoftheUnitedStateshasgrownbyfortypercent,whilethenumberofregisteredvehicleshasincreasedbynearlyahundredpercent—inotherwords,carshaveproliferatedmorethantwiceasfastaspeoplehave.Duringthissameperiod,roadcapacityincreasedbysixpercent.Ifthesetrendscontinuethrough2020,everydaywillresembleagetawayday,withitsmixtureofcommuters,truckers,andrecreationaldrivers,whotaketotheroadwithoutregardfortraditionalpeaktraveltimes,producingcongestionalldaylong:trucksthatcan’tmakedeliveriesontime,peoplewhocan’tgettoorfromwork,airqualitythatcontinuestodeteriorateascommercesuffersandourover-allgeopoliticalpositionweakensbecauseweareforcedtobecomeevermoredependentonforeignoil.Thisisthewaytheworldends:notwithabangbutatrafficjam.Whatcanyoudoaboutthetraffic?Takethetrain?Thetrainmaybeoutofcommission;Amtrak,thenation'spassengerrailservice,maybeoutofbusinessbeforetoolong.Fly?Airlinesarecuttingflightsandraisingpricestooffsetheavylosses.Managetrafficbetter?Therearemanyschemesformanagingtraffic,butnotverymanypracticalwaystoreducethenumberofvehiclesontheroads.Evenifpeoplehaveanalternativetodriving,asdomanyNewYorkers,overtimeaneverlargernumberofcommuterschoosetodrive.Today,about3.6millionpeoplemaketheirwayintoManhattan’s“hub”(theareabelowSixtiethStreet)eachworkday—aboutthesamenumberwhocameonanaveragedayfiftyyearsago.In1948,sixhundredandfiftythousandofthecommutersdrove;fiftyyearslater,morethan1.3millionofthemdrove,andmostofthemdrovealone.Itsnotenoughtobuildpublictransportation;youalsohavetogetpeopletouseit,eitherbymakingtrainsandbusesmoreconvenientorbyprohibitingsomepeoplefromdrivingduringpeakperiods.ButintheUnitedStatesrestrictingpeoplefromusingtheirautomobileswhenevertheylikehasalwaysbeenpoliticallydifficult,andMayorBloomberg’seffortstodosoarecontroversial.Thenewrestrictionshavebroughtjoytomanyofthecity'sresidents—NewYorkistheonlycityintheUnitedStatesinwhichthemajorityofhouseholdsdon'townanautomobile—buttheyhavebeenasourceofoutragefortheparking-garageindustry,restaurantandtheatreowners,retailers,laborgroups,andsomelocalpoliticians.Trafficisbad,but,assomeNewYorkershavediscovered,alackoftrafficmaybeworse.“Ithinkit'sdestroyingthefabricofNewYork,”GrogSusick,seniorvice-presidentofCentralParking,toldtheTimesinNovember.AfteraChristmasseasoninNewYorkinwhichthetraditionalFiveDaysofGridlocksawonlylightcongestion,theMetropolitanParkingAssociationbeganinvestigatingpossiblelegalactionagainstthecityformaintainingthelone-driverrestrictions..“Thisisthewaytheworldends:notwithabangbutatrafficjam”Thewordbanheremostprobablymeans.TheearthcollideswithanextraterrestrialstarTheearthwitnessesamajorwarTheearthhearsahugebellringTheearthhearsthebelltollatachurch.Accordingtotheauthor,trafficcongestioninManhattanismainlycausedby.increaseofpopulationincreaseofcarsadditionofnewroadslackoffunds.“Trafficisbad,butalackoftrafficmaybeworse.”Whomightbeaffectedbyalackoftraffic?ManhattanresidentsCardriversC.HouseownersD.Parkinglotmanagers19.Wemayinferfromthetextthat.NewYorkCitymighthasthelowestcarownership”rateamongallUScitiesNewYorkCitymightbethemostcongestedcityamongallUScitiesC.NewYorkCitymightbethemostexpensivecityamongallUScitiesD.NewYorkCitymightbethemostmixed-racecityamongallUScities20.“Ithinkit’sdestroyingthefabricofNewYork,”herethewordfabriccanbebestunderstoodas.NewYork'swayoflifeNewYork'stextileindustryNewYork'souterappearanceNewYork'sinnermechanism【答案与解析】.A第一段首先讲述到美国机动车辆的增加远超过人口数量的增长和道路通行能力的提升，并提出如果该趋势持续增长将出现的一系列问题，最后总结到“Thisisthewaytheworldends:notwithabangbutatrafficjam”,bang原意为“猛撞；巨响；爆炸声”，结合语境及所给选项可知，此处bang指A项中的“地球与其他星球的相撞”。.B第二段最后两句指出，如今每个工作日大约360万人来到Manhattan's"hub",几乎与50年前的人数相同，但1949年有65万的人驾车出行，而50年后超过130万人驾车，并且其中大多数是独自开车。由此可见曼哈顿出现交通拥堵的主要原因是汽车的增多。.D第三段倒数第四句指出关于限制使用车辆的规定havebroughtjoytomanyofthecity'sresidents，但与此同时也成为asourceofoutragefortheparking-garageindustry,restaurantandtheatreowners,retailers,laborgroups,andsomelocalpoliticians（outrage义愤;愤慨），可见停车场、饭店、剧院、零售商等都会受到交通量减少的影响。因此D项正确。.A第三段倒数第四句破折号之间指出，“NewYorkistheonlycityintheUnitedStatesinwhichthemajorityofhouseholdsdon'townanautomobile”（纽约是美国唯一的大多数家庭都没有汽车的城市）,因此可推测纽约拥有汽车的比率可能是美国所有城市中最低的。因此答案选A。.DCentralParking公司的资深副总裁认为交通量的缺少正destroyingthefabricofNewYork，单词fabric有“（社会或体系的）基本结构”之意，因此D项“纽约的内部机制”与之表达意思相符。IV.Writing(30')Sometimeago,theofficialXinhuaNewsAgencyreportedthattheadministratorsofBeihaiParkinBeijingwouldnotrenewtheircontractwithKentuckyFriedChickenwhenits10-yearleasewasdue.Somesupportthedecisionastheybelievethefastfoodoutletisoutofkeepingwithascenicimperialgarden.OthersshrugitoffastheythinktheremovaloftheColonelSandersplaqueattheparkislikelytobeonlyahiccuptoChina’sgrowingloveaffairwithAmericanculture.Writeacompositionofabout400wordsonthefollowingtopic:DoesaWesternFastFoodOutletBelonginAChineseImperialGarden?【参考范文】DoesaWesternFastFoodOutletBelonginAChineseImperialGarden?BeihaiPark,aChineseImperialGarden,decidednottorenewitscontractwithKentuckyFriedChickenaftertheprevious10-y