外研版高中英语必修三Module4完全知识点

Module4SandstomsinAsia2021/5/91Introduction2021/5/92tornadohurricaneNaturalDisastersearthquake

sandstormlightningvolcaniceruption2021/5/932021/5/942021/5/952021/5/962021/5/972021/5/982021/5/99BCDANorthAmericaCentralAfricaAustraliaCentralAsia2021/5/910BCAInnerMongolia

GansuXinjiang2021/5/911majorsandstormcentersinChinaGansuandWesternInnerMongoliaBeijingandNortheastInnerMongoliaPartⅢ2021/5/912Introduction-1.VocabularyandwritingTherehasbeena________.Ithas______fortenhoursandwasvery____________.Thewindwas________thesandhigharoundthehouse.

andsomecarswerecompletely_____bythesandsandstormlastedfrighteningblowingburied2021/5/913Reading&Vocabulary

Lookatthephoto.Answerthequestions.Answers:1.Thereisasandstormblowing.2.They’vewearinghoods,masksandglassestoprotectthemselves.Itmovesveryslowly.Becauseitisnotcleartoseeeverythingontheroadandpeoplemusttakegreatcare.4.Stayathome.2021/5/914

Languagepoints

1．majoradj.较大的，较多的；主要的，主修的；较重要的

vi.主修，专攻n.主修课程；主修学生

majorityn.大多数

majorproblems主要问题

themajorsubjects主修课程

playamajorroleinsth.在某事中起重要作用

majorinsth.主修

a/themajorityof...……的大多数

Thestudentsmajorinchemistry.这些学生主修化学。

Themajorityofstudentswas/wereindifferenttothepoliticalmeeting.大多数学生对政治会议漠不关心。

2021/5/915major/main/chief

(1)major意为“重大的；主要的”，指在规模、数量、重要性方面超出同类的其他事物。

(2)main意为“主要的”，强调事物的某一部分、分支的重要性、大小及潜力优于其他部分、分支，或表示整体中最主要、最明显的部分，通常只作定语。

(3)chief意为“主要的；首要的”，强调在顺序、等级、重要性、价值方面高于其他所有同类事物。

2021/5/9162.Theyareoftensothickthatyoucannotseethesun，andthewindissometimesstrongenoughtomovesanddunes.沙尘暴经常是非常混浊的以至于你看不见太阳，而且风有时大得能够刮动沙丘。so...that通常引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。常用句型如下：2021/5/9173．becaughtin被困于，遭遇Iamoftencaughtinaheavytrafficonmywaytoschool.我在上学路上常常遇到塞车。Medicalteamswerecaughtinthecrossfireoftheopposingarmies.医疗队陷入了敌军的交叉火力中。【知识拓展】becaughtintheheavyrain/snowstorm/sandstorm/traffic突然遭到大雨/暴风雪/沙尘暴/交通拥挤被……困住becaughtdoing被撞见做某事catchup(常与with连用)赶上BetrappedinBestuckin2021/5/918catchupwith赶上catchon理解，流行，受欢迎(=bepopularwith)catchsightof看见catchone’sattention吸引某人的注意catchholdof抓住catchfire着火2021/5/919

4.cutdown砍倒，使倒下；削减，压缩；减价

Manybigtreesalongtheroadhavebeencutdownforbuildinghouses.路边的许多大树都被砍掉用来建房了。

拓展：

cutacross走捷径，穿过去

cutin插话；让某人分享利润

cutoff中止，切断；隔绝

cutout删除；裁剪

cutup劈碎，切碎；使难过；(严重地)割伤

cutshort突然停止，中断(活动)

cutthrough穿过；克服；避开；剪断

cutsth.inhalf/intwo将……对半切开2021/5/9205．strengthn．[U]力量；力气；体力；实力

Hehasbeendoingweight­trainingtobuilduphisstrength.他一直进行举重训练以增强体力。Muchofthecountry’smilitarystrengthliesinitsmissileforce.这个国家的军事实力主要体现在导弹部队上。Theboyliftedthestonewithallhisstrength.男孩用尽全力举起了石头。

withallone’sstrength尽力

onthestrengthofsth.凭借(或根据)某事物

strengthenv．加强2021/5/921【轻巧辨析】force/strength/energy/power(1)force主要指自然界的力量、暴力、势力以及法律、道德或感情的力量、效力、强制力、军事力量、武力等。(2)strength说人时，指“力气”；说物时，指“强度”。(3)energy主要指人生理上的精力或自然界中的能量、能源。(4)power主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能；也可指人或机器等事物潜在或所能发挥出来的力量，还可指职权、权力、政权，也可指电力、动力、功率。2021/5/922

6．prevent...(from)阻止；制止

stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事

keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事

protectsb.from...保护某人不受……侵袭，挡住，防御

keepsb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事

提示：(1)在被动句中

from均不能省略。如：

Wewerestopped/prevented/keptfromgoingoutbytheheavyrain.大雨使我们无法外出。

(2)protect...from...中

from后接能带来伤害或损害之物。如：

Theyhuddledtogethertoprotectthemselvesfromthewind.他们挤在一起，免受风吹。

2021/5/9237．haveaneffecton对……有影响Smokinghasabadeffectonhealth.吸烟对身体有不良影响。Theradiationleakhashadadisastrouseffecton/upontheenvironment.核辐射泄漏给环境带来了灾难性的影响。与effect构成的短语beofnoeffect无效beineffect有效come/gointoeffect生效put/carry/bringsth.intoeffect使生效、实现takeeffect生效；开始发挥作用ineffect实际上；简直是；事实上2021/5/9248．concernedadj.关心的，有关的[常用于名词之后]；挂念的，担心的Eg:Itisreportedthatthepopsingerisconcernedwithsellingdrugs.据报道，那个流行歌手涉嫌贩毒。I’mabitconcernedabout/foryourhealth.我有点担心你的健康。concernvt.涉及，关系到；n.(利害)关系，关心concernfuladj.重要的concernedlyadv.担着心concerningprep.关于beconcernedabout/over/for关心，挂念beconcernedwith/in牵涉到，与……有关as(so)faras...isconcerned就……来说；就……而言show/expressconcernabout对……表示关心/担心asconcerns=concerning关于2021/5/9259．urgentadj.紧急的；迫切的；非常重要的Thelawisinurgentneedofreform.这项法律亟待修订。Themosturgentthinginafireistomakesureeveryoneisoutofthebuilding.失火时最紧要的事是确保所有人都撤离大楼。【知识链接】(1)inurgentneedof急需

anurgentlook急切的神情(2)urgencyn．紧急；迫切(3)urgevt.推进；极力主张；催促；激励urgesb.todo...敦促某人做……urgesb.intodoing...敦促某人做……urgesb.against强烈反对urgesb.on鼓励，激励，为……加油urge+that从句强烈要求，极力主张……(从句用虚拟语气)2021/5/926FinishtheexerciseatActivity2,Page33.Answers:________________________________________________________cycle(v)expert

processcitizendustsurviveforecastsituation2021/5/927FinishtheexerciseatActivity3,Page33.Answers:____________________BBAA2021/5/928FinishthetheexerciseatActivity4,Page33.Answers:preventyou(from)seeingthesun/strongenoughtomovesanddunes.2.heexperiencedaterriblesandstorm.3.becauseofdesertification.4.causedesertsandsand-stormstoincrease.5.thethickdustmakesitdifficulttosee/thedriverscannotseeclearly.6.preventthedesertcomingnearer.2021/5/929Completethesesentences:Activity5

page331.Weatherexpertshavef_________anotherbigsandstorminaweek’stime.2.It’sf__________tobeoutsideinasandstorm.3.Iwasinaverybigsandstormsomeyearsago.Luckily,everyones_______.4.There’salotofd____onthefloor.Weneedtosweepitaway.5.Desertificationisalongp______thattakesmanyyears.6.ManyBeijingc______cycletowork.orcast(ed)righteningurvivedustrocessitizens2021/5/930Grammar1-1.ObservationI’mgladtomeetyou.Sheinvitedmetoattendthemeeting.Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.to+动词原形表示主动2021/5/931Grammar1-2.ObservationTherewasnothingtobedone.I’dliketobetoldwhat’sgoingon.Nothingisallowedtobetakenoutofthereadingroom.tobe+动词的过去分词表示被动。不定式一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语所表示的动作或状态同时发生，或在它之后发生。2021/5/932Grammar1-3.ObservationTobecyclinginasandstormisfrightening.Theypretendedtobeworkinghardwhentheirbosspassedthem.tobe+动词ing；不定式进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。2021/5/933Grammar1-4.ObservationI’mtheonlypersoninmyfamilytohavebeeninasandstorm.2.Heisnotlikelytohavegotmyletter.tohave+动词的过去分词2021/5/934Grammar1-5.ObservationTohavebeencaughtinasandstormisaterribleexperience.2.Theroomwassaidtohavebeencleaned.to+havebeen+过去分词；不定式完成式所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。2021/5/935Grammar1-6.Exercise

finishtheexerciseatActivity2,Page34.Answers:Itisdangeroustotravelduringasandstorm.Expertshopetolearnmoreaboutthemovementofthunderstorms.Weweretoldnottoleavethehouse.Theworkonthehouseneedstobecompleted(thework)bytheendoftheweek.Mosthousesseemtohavebeendestroyedbythestorm.2021/5/936Grammar1-7.Exercise

FinishtheexerciseatActivity3,P34.Answers:Itisfrighteningtowalkintheroadinasandstorm.IhopeIreachhomesoon.Expertshopetolearnmoreaboutthemovementofsandstorms.I’dliketobetoldaboutthesituationbeforenow.Theworkneedstobecompletedbytheendoftheweek.Myfatherwasoutofthecitywhenthesandstormcame.Hewasverygladtohavemissedit.Thebuildinghastobefinishedbytheendoftheyear.Toseearealsandstormwasveryfrightening.2021/5/937Listening&Vocabulary

FinishtheexerciseatActivity1,Page35.Answers:__________________________________________________________________________________________atmospheredamagechemicalenvironmentmeltrecyclecarbondioxidethePolesgarbagepollution2021/5/938Listening&Vocabulary3.NumberingAnswers:EDCBA2021/5/939Listening&Vocabulary-AnsweringListentothetape,thenfinishtheexerciseatActivity3,Page35.

Answers:TheclimateNewYorkandShanghai.Becausepollutionisstoppingthesun’sheatleavingtheatmosphere.Carbondioxidefromcars.Thereislessoxygenandmorecarbondioxideintheatmosphere.6.Optimistic.2021/5/940

Grammar2。Finishthefollowingexercises1.IwaswatchinganinterestingTVprogramabouthowtomakedinnerslastnightwhenelectricitywasout,andIcouldn’t___tothebed.A.butgoing B.helpbuttogoC.helpgoing D.choosebutgo2.___inaheavyrain,Robertfellillandcouldn’tbut___foraleave.A.Caught,toask B.Catching,askC.Catching,toask D.Caught,askcannotbut+V.（动词原形）;dobut+V.（动词原形）cannothelp/choosebut+V.（动词原形）2021/5/941Grammar2。Finishthefollowingexercises1.Hedoesnothingbut__________(talk).2.Themancoulddonothingbut_________(wait).3.Wehavenochoicebut__________(wait).4.Theywantnothingbut_____________(succeed).—Howdidyouspendyourweekend,Joe?—Ididn’tfindanythinginterestingforme___somewashinginsteadofmymother.A.butdid B.butdoC.butdoing D.butto