新概念英语第二册Lesson21课件整理

Madornot?

Pre-taskHowdoesthewriterfeelaboutaeroplanes?Whathasmademostofhisneighboursleavetheirhomes?Whydoespeoplethinkthewriterismad?☆madadj.发疯bemad/crazyabout:为……而疯狂bemadatsbeg:Don'tbemadathim。别怪他（不关他的事）。go+adj:变得gomad/crazy/insane/bananasDon'tfightwithhim,heisamadman.别跟他打架,他是疯子。☆sumn.量大量：agreatmany/agreatnumberof+可数名词复数asumof:一笔alargesumof:大量的，喜欢跟钱连用alargesumofmoneyalargeamountof:许多plentyof（注意：前面没有a）足够的sum名词n.[C]1.总数,总和,总计[theS][(+of)]Shepaidthesumof$200fordresses.她买衣服总共花了二百元钱。2.【数】和[theS][(+of)]3.金额;一笔[(+of)]Heearnedalargesumofmoney.他赚了一大笔钱。4.概要;要点[theS][(+of)]5.算术题;运算Theboyisgoodatdoingasuminhishead.这男孩善于心算。及物动词vt.1.计算...的总和[(+up)]2.总结;概括;概述[(+up)]Thestorymaybesummedupinonesentence.该故事可以用一句话来概括。不及物动词vi.1.共计[(+to/into)]9、要学生做的事，教职员躬亲共做；要学生学的知识，教职员躬亲共学；要学生守的规则，教职员躬亲共守。2023/6/102023/6/10Saturday,June10,202310、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2023/6/102023/6/102023/6/106/10/20232:56:39AM11、一个好的教师，是一个懂得心理学和教育学的人。2023/6/102023/6/102023/6/10Jun-2310-Jun-2312、要记住，你不仅是教课的教师，也是学生的教育者，生活的导师和道德的引路人。2023/6/102023/6/102023/6/10Saturday,June10,202313、Hewhoseizetherightmoment,istherightman.谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。2023/6/102023/6/102023/6/102023/6/106/10/202314、谁要是自己还没有发展培养和教育好，他就不能发展培养和教育别人。10六月20232023/6/102023/6/102023/6/1015、一年之计，莫如树谷；十年之计，莫如树木；终身之计，莫如树人。六月232023/6/102023/6/102023/6/106/10/202316、提出一个问题往往比解决一个更重要。因为解决问题也许仅是一个数学上或实验上的技能而已，而提出新的问题，却需要有创造性的想像力，而且标志着科学的真正进步。2023/6/102023/6/1010June202317、儿童是中心，教育的措施便围绕他们而组织起来。2023/6/102023/6/102023/6/102023/6/102、Ourdestinyoffersnotonlythecupofdespair,butthechaliceofopportunity.(RichardNixon,AmericanPresident)命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。二〇二一年六月十七日2021年6月17日星期四3、Patienceisbitter,butitsfruitissweet.(JeanJacquesRousseau,Frenchthinker)忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果实是甜蜜的。10:516.17.202110:516.17.202110:5110:51:196.17.202110:516.17.20214、Allthatyoudo,dowithyourmight;thingsdonebyhalvesareneverdoneright.R.H.Stoddard,Americanpoet做一切事都应尽力而为，半途而废永远不行6.17.20216.17.202110:5110:5110:51:1910:51:195、Youhavetobelieveinyourself.That'sthesecretofsuccess.CharlesChaplin人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。-Thursday,June17,2021June21Thursday,June17,20216/17/2021

☆determinedadj.

determinedadj.坚定的，下决心的Iamdeterminedtostayhere.我决定留在这儿。

bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事

v.determineon决定

v.determineupon决定determinesb.againststh.使某人决定不做某事

determinesb.todosth.使某人决定做某事decide和determine之间的区别：都有“决定”的意思。decide指“经过询问、研讨和考虑之后,在几种可能的选择之中作出决定”,decide最为普通：如:ShedecidedtoleavehereonSundayinsteadofMonday.她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。determine指“决心作某一件事而不动摇”,常涉及范围比较狭小的问题：如:Wehavedeterminedtogettheworkdoneaheadofschedule.我们已经决定要提前完成这项工作。decided常与to,that,on,about用，表示决心；决定；todecidewheretogo决心去哪儿而与between,for,angainst,infavorof,that连用，表示判断，判决Thejudgewilldecidethecasetomorrow.法官将于明天对案子进行判决。reason[’ri:zən]n.原因forthisreason:由于这个原因Forwhat

reason?

是为了什麽原因？bringsb.to

reason

使某人讲理Aeroplanesareslowlydrivingmemad.☆drivesbmad:逼某人发疯例：Sometimesit'senoughtodriveyoumadifyouarestuckinatrafficjamduringtherushhour.

有时在交通高峰期被困足以使人发疯

Thenoiseoutsideisdrivingmemad.Ilivenearanairportandpassingplanescanbeheardnightandday.1、passingplanes：现在分词做定语sleepingbaby:正在睡觉的小孩waitingcar:正在等待的2、dayandnight:日日夜夜例句：Iwillsitbyherbedsidedayandnight.

我会日夜守在她的床边。Theairportwasbuiltyearsago,butforsomereasonitcouldnotbeusedthen.forsomereason:由于某种原因some+可数名词单数：某一somebooksome+可数名词复数：一些somebookssome+不可数名词：一些somewater例句：Hewaslateforschoolforsomereason.由于某种原因，他上学迟到了！Hedidn'ttellmetheanswerforsomereason.由于某种原因，他没有告诉我答案!Lastyear,however,itcameintouse。comeintouse:投入使用comeinto:进入得到、获得财富1、Theyputthismethodintouse。2、Thismethodcomesintouse。3、Thismethodisputintouse。Overahundredpeoplemusthavebeendrivenawayfromtheirhomesbythenoise.home:家，强调有感情；house仅仅指房子课本：94页SometimesIthinkthishousewillbeknockeddownbyapassingplane。不及物动词vi.1.相撞,碰击[(+against)]Hislegsknockedagainstthechair.他的两条腿撞到了椅子。2.敲,击,打[(+on/at)]Heknockedatthedoorandentered.他敲了敲门便走进去了。3.(发动机等由于故障)发爆震声及物动词vt.1.敲,击,打[O]Thefallingbottleknockedhimonthehead.跌落的瓶子砸在他的头上。2.击(撞)成...[O][O8]Theblowknockedhersenseless.那一击把她打昏了。3.【口】批评,贬损Thecriticknockedherlatestnovel.词组knockatthedoor;knock敲门knockdown;knockover撞倒习惯用语今天我们要讲由knock这个词发展而成的习惯用语。我们先要谈的习惯法是:knockout。Knockout最常用的意思是把一个人打倒在地、不省人事，但是knockout在俚语中却可以解释叫人心醉神迷的人或物，可能是一幅美不胜收的画，也可能是一部扣人心弦的电影，更可能是俊男美女。例：1.Hemarriedarealknockout,oneofthemostbeautifulwomenIhaveeverseen!他娶了个大美人。我还没见过有比她更漂亮的女人！我们再来学一个习惯用语:knockyoursocksoff。Sock是袜子。这个习惯用语的出典可能是什么特别精彩的事情让你兴奋得上蹦下跳，以至脚上袜子也跳得掉了下来，引申为“令人兴奋不已的好事”。例：2.ItellyouthatmovieIsawlastnightisfantastic,thebestI'veseeninyears.Goseeit-Iguaranteeit'llknockyoursocksoff!告诉你我昨晚看的那电影棒极了。我有好几年没看过这样精彩的片子。你得去看，保证会让你激动万分。Ihavebeenofferedalargesumofmoneytogoaway,butIamdeterminedtostayhere.及物动词vt.1.给予,提供;拿出,出示[O1][(+to)]Heofferedmeaglassofwine.他端给我一杯酒。2.愿意;试图(做某事);提议[Y][+to-v]Theyofferedtohelpme.他们表示愿意帮助我。Heofferedtolendmesomebooks.他表示要借给我几本书。3.出(价);开(价)[O1]WeofferedhimthecalculatorforUS$50.这计算器我们向他开价五十美元。动词语态英语动词有两种语态主动语态：主语是动作的执行者被动语态：主语是动作的承受者Manypeople

speakEnglish.(主动语态)Englishisspoken

by

manypeople.(被动语态)

Readthefollowingsentences1.Itiscalledastamp.2.What’sitmadeof?3.Whichlanguageisspokenbythelargestnumberofpeopleintheworld.4.Englishisusedverywidelyasaforeignlanguage,5.SilkisproducedinSuzhou.6.Wherearebananasgrown?二。模仿上列句子连词成句Silk,produce,inHangzhou.Cars,make,inTianjin.tea,grow,inFujian.English,speak,inAustralia.Glass,produce,inGermany.Ships,make,inJapan.被动语态构成

助动词+及物动词的过去分词（be+P.P.)以see为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式肯定句，否定句及疑问句如下。CarsaremadeinChangchun.CarsarenotmadeinChangchun.ArecarsmadeinChangchun?(Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.)Wherearecarsmade?p26Readtext-2

Whencanweusethepassivevoice?不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。

Mybikewasstolenlastnight.

昨晚我的自行车被偷了。Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.信件每天早晨八点收取。ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.这张课桌是王师傅做的。Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.那个口袋是她姐姐提走的。2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。被动语态使用方法Article1_popwin_title3.为了更好地安排句子。

Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.（一个主语就够了）那个名人一上车就立刻被大家认出来了。Ihaveanewskirt.Itwasgiventomeasabirthdaypresentbymyaunt.我有条新裙子。它是我阿姨送给我作为生日礼物的。4.在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。如：将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构。将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。主动语态改为被动语态的方法将下列句子改成被动语态。1.We

useEnglishasaforeignlanguage.→Englishisusedasaforeignlanguage(byus)2.Peoplewrite

businesslettersinEnglish→Businessletters

arewritten(

bypeople)inEnglish.3.TheymaketelephonecallsinEnglish.→Telephonecallsaremade(bythem)inEnglish.4.TravelersandbusinesspeopleuseEnglish.→Englishisusedbytravelersandbusiness.5.FarmersgrowriceinZhejiang.→RiceisgrownbyfarmersinZhejiang.过去时,含情态动词的被动语态AmankilledJack.→HanMeifoundGranny’books.→Theybuiltthebridge.→Jackwaskilled(byaman).Granny’bookswerefoundbyHanMei.Thebridgewasbuilt.Hecananswerthequestion.→Wemustplanttreesinspring.→Nurseshouldtakecareofthechildren.→Thequestioncanbeanswered(byhim.)Treesmustbeplantedinspring.Childrenshouldbetakencareof.主动语态变为被动语态时注意含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况:EgHegavetheboy

anapple.→(1)把间接宾语改为主语,直接宾语保留不变:Theboywasgivenanapple(2)把直接宾语改为主语,此时,间接宾语前要加to或for.Anapplewasgiventotheboy.

(give,pass,show,sendto)

(buy,draw,make,for)

含双宾语的被动

Myfathergavemeanewbookonmybirthday.

Anewbookwasgiventome(bymyfather

Iwasgivenanewbook(bymyfather)….

2.不带的to不定式,改为被动语态时不定.式前要加to.Theywatchedthechildrensing.→Thechildrenwerewatched

tosing.3.短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏.Wemusttakegoodcareoftheyoungtrees.→Youngtreesmustbe

takengoodcareof.4.带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语.Hecuthishairshort.→Hishairwascutshort.Theytoldhimtohelpme.→Hewastoldtohelpme.5.注意:不及物动词不能用被动语态happen,takeplace,appearbut不及物动词带上介词或副词构成的短语,相当于及物动词,后面可带宾语takecareof/lookafter/takeoff/lookat/sendfor/lookupEgTheoldmanshouldbetakengoodcareof.6主动表示被动情况1某些VI动词表被动含义如carryout/lockopen/read/teach/wash/write…用来说明主语性质特征,常与not/hardly/well/easily/badly/nicely等连用Meatcutseasily.Thecardroveeasily.Hisnovelsellswell某些感观动词表被动含义如feel/look/taste/smell/soundThisshirtfeelsmuchsofterthanthatone.Thisorangetastesnice.3某些动词表被动含义如weigh/measure/cost/last/breakout/takeplace/happenThemeetinglastedtwohours.4get/come/go+P.P表示被动含义用来强调动作结果或表示出乎意料的偶然事件.come/go常与否定连用Theygotdelayedbecauseoftheholidaytraffic.Thewoman’scomplaintswentunnoticed.5在need/want/require/deserve+doing句型中,动名词表示被动.

Thegardenneedswatering=Thegardenneedstobewatered.6有些动词的不定式(blame/let/rent用主动表被动Nobodywastoblamefortheaccident.Thehouseistolet.7一些介词短语用作定语或表语时表被动Thethiefwasunderarrest.Applesareonsale.将下列句子改为被动语态：

（一）Weoften

usearecorderinourEnglishclass.Theparentsfound

theboyinthestreet.3.Wemustcleantheblackboard.4.Isawherreadingabookhoursago.Arecorder

isoftenused(byus)inourEnglishclass.Theboywasfound(bytheparents)inthestreetTheblackboardmustbecleaned(byus).Shewasseenreadingabookhoursago.6。Someonehasstolenmybike.Theyarebuildingahouse.Myfamilywillbuyacomputernextweek.Mybikehasbeenstolen.Ahouseisbeingbuilt.Acomputerwillbeboughtnextweek.（二）Ioftenbuy

Mother

something.Mybrothergave

me

abook.Wecanhearhersingthissong.Theboy’swordsmadeuslaugh.Motherisoftenboughtsomething.Somethingisoftenbough

for

Mother.Iwasgivenabook.Abookwasgiven

tome.Shecanbeheard

tosingthissong.Weweremade

tolaughbytheboy’swords.4.Sheshouldlookupthenewwordsinadictionary.5.Theoldmanputonahat.Thenewwordsshouldbelookedupinadictionary.Ahatwasputon.1Thesilenceofthelibrary___onlybythesoundofpagesbeingturnedover.AhasbeenbrokenBbreaksCbrokeDwasbrokenSarah,hurryup,I‘mafraidyouwon’thavetimeto___beforetheparty.AgetchangedBgetchangeCgetchangingDgettochangeDA3Rainforests__andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.AcutBarecutCarebeingcutDhadbeencut4Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.AhascompletedBcompletesChasbeencompletedDiscompletedCD5Allthepreparationsforthetask___,andwearereadytostart.AcompletedBhadbeencompletedChavebeencompletedDcomp