2022届河南省洛阳市高三下学期第二次统一考试英语试题

2022届河南省洛阳市高三下学期第二次统一考试英语试题

学校:姓名：班级:考号：

一、阅读理解

HereI'dliketosharesomeinterestingnewswithyou.

Livingwithoutelectricity

NoplugisasmallcommunityinSeoul,SouthKorea.Ithopestheycanmakeadifference

byreducingthecarbonuse.Theyrelyonfuelsources（来源）suchassolarandfiretododaily

tasks.

DrYasuyukiFujimuravisitsthecommunityfromJapaneachmonthtoeducatepeopleon

howtomeeteverydayneedswithoutelectricity.

Aplayhousemadeofinstantnoodles

AChinesemadeinternationalnewsheadlinesafterusinginstantnoodlestobuilda

playhouseforhisunbornson.

Photosoftheunusualplayhousewentviral（传播）onlinequicklyafterbeingpostedon

socialmediabythebuilder,aMrZhang,whospentfourdaysbuildingthestructureoutof

out-of-dateinstantnoodleswhichhethoughtitwasapitytothrowawaybyhisfriends.The

playhousecanaccommodateabed,aswellashisunbornson'stoys,featuringwindowstolet

thelightin.

Swimmingthroughthesky

Lyingoverthirtymetersabovetheground,betweentwobuildingsinLondon,theSky

Poolmakesyoufeellikeyou'reswimmingthroughthesky.

TheoutdoorpooloffersswimmersbreathtakingviewsofLondon'scityskyline,floating

intheair.

Thankstomoderntechnologyandarchitecturalinnovations,thepoolcanhandlethe

naturalmovementsofthetwobuildingsitconnects.

Paintinginvirtualreality

TalentedartistAnnaZhilyaeva,apioneerinthefieldsofvirtualrealityandmixedreality

painting,hasbeenpushingtheboundariesofpaintingbycombiningthecenturies-oldartform

withoneofthemostadvancedtechnologiesofourtimes——virtualreality.

Usingsomesoftwareandavirtualrealityheadset,sheisabletopaintthree-dimensional

（三维）artworksoftenreferredtoaspaintedsculptures脚塑）.

1.WhatfuelsourcedoestheNoplugcommunityliveon?

A.Rawfuel.B.Recycledcarbon.

C.Solarandfire.D.Self-producedelectricity.

2.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheSkyPool?

A.Itwentviralonline.B.ItislocatedinAsia.

C.Itinvolvesvirtualreality.D.Itisacreativedesign.

3.Whichnewsmayenvironmentalistsbemostinterestedin?

A.NewsIandNews2.B.News3andNews4.

C.News1andNews3.D.News2andNews4.

SongLam,orWaiatatosomeofherNewZealandMaorifriends,arguesthatMandarin

andMaorihavemuchincommon,particularlythefivevowels（元音）whichsoundthesame

inbothlanguages.Andthemythological（神话）figureMauiofMaorilegendhasaChinese

“twinbrother",theMonkeyKing.Bothcouldturnthemselvesintoanyshapeorfigureatany

time.

SomeacademicsclaimthatoneofthenativetribesinTaiwan,Chinaspeaksalanguage

similartoMaori,notablyinthenamingofnumbers.Evidencegleanedbyarchaeologists（考古

学家）showsanancientlinkbetweenthepeoplesofAustralasiaandTaiwan,withthenative

languageofTaiwanhavingsimilaritiestotheprehistoricAustralasianlanguage.

ConfusedbyMaoriplacenamesandcustomswhenshefirstmovedtoNewZealand,

SongLamspenteightyearsresearchingandthreeyearswritingherbook,TheMaoriofNew

Zealand,whichisbelievedtobethefirstChinese-languagepublicationtoincludeMaori

words,valuesandcustoms.The120book,including10pagesofphotosandmaps,

descbribesMaorilegends,traditions,historyandfolktales.

SongLamwasinspiredtowritethebookin1990whenshetriedtosignupforan

educationcourseinNewZealandandwasaskedforhercommentsonalocalhistoricalevent,

whichsheknewnothingabout.Sheinvolvedhertwosonsinherprojectandresearchafter

explainingtothemthestoriesbehindMaoriplacenames.Theyoungerboy,aged10,usedhis

skillatdrawingtocontributeanhistoricmapofMaoritribesinNewZealand.

“BothChineseandMaoriliketopresentagiftwhenvisitingothersorreceivingwarm

reception,Lamsays."MybookwillbeagoodgiftwhenIvisitaMaoricommunity.”

4.AccordingtoSongLam,whatdoMandarinandMaorihaveincommon?

试卷第2页，共10页

A.Fairytalesofthesamecharacter.B.Confusingplacenamesandcustoms.

C.Similarpronunciationofvowels.D.ThemagicpoweroftheMonkeyKing.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gleaned"inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Controlled.B.Gathered.

C.Grown.D.Switched.

6.WhyisSongLam'syoungersonmentionedinParagraph4?

A.TotellhiscuriosityaboutMaori.

B.Toprovehisuniquetalentinpainting.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofeducation.

D.Toshowhishelpwiththepublication.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.CulturesShareLanguageBond

B.TheFirstBookaboutMaori

C.AdaptationtoLifeinNewZealand

D.LanguagesBridgeMisunderstanding

Withresearcherssuggestingthatsittingisthenewsmoking,sit-standdesks（SSD）have

becomeacommontooltointerruptlongsittinginanofficeorclassroomenvironment.Asthis

furniturebecomespopular,conflictingopinionshavearisenonwhethertheycanworkas

successfullyastheyareintended.Dr.AprilChambersfromtheUniversityofPittsburgh

workedwithteammatestogatherdatafrom3studiesandpublishedareviewarticlelisting

presentinformationonthebenefitsofSSDs.

“Therehasbeenagreatdealofscientificresearchaboutsit-standdesksinthepastfew

years,butwehaveonlyscratchedthesurfaceofthistopic,“saidChambers.Iwanttogather

whatwe'veknownsofartofigureouthowwecanusethesedeskstobetterbenefitpeoplein

theworkplace.

ThisworkwasdonewithDr.NancyA.BakerfromTuftsUniversity.Thereview

examinestheeffectsofasit-standdeskinthefollowingaspects:behavior,physiological（生理

的），workperformance,psychological,discomfort,andposture.Theirworkshowedthatusing

anSSDeffectivelygotparticipantstositlessandstandmoreandthatthedevicemadeusers

morecomfortableatwork.However,manyfrustrations（沮丧）withSSDscamefromthe

physiologicaloutcomes.Accordingtothereview,physiologicaleffectswerethemoststudied,

buttherewerenosignificantresultswithregardstofatness.

TherearemanyconsiderationsaboutusinganSSDmosteffectively,suchasdeskheight,

monitorheight,andtheamountoftimetostand.Chambersbelievesthattheoverall

arrangementoftheworkplaceorstudyplaceandtheamountofworkaretwofactorsthat

shouldbefurtherstudied.

Chambersnotedthatpresentresearchislimitedbecausemanyofthestudiesweredone

withyoungandhealthysubjectswhowereaskedtousethedeskforaweekoramonthat

most.Sincesomeofthesignificantbenefitsarewithhearthealthormusclediscomfort,it

maybebeneficialtoperformadditionalstudieswithmiddle-agedoroverweightworkers.

8.TheargumentsaboutSSDsmainlyliein

A.theirsideeffectsB・theirpopularity

C.theirpracticalresultsD.theiroriginalintentions

9.WhydidChamberspublishthearticle?

A.lbcallonpeopletostandmore.B.TosuggestwaystobetteruseSSDs.

C.Tocontradicttheexistingopinions.D.TofindoutthedrawbacksofSSDs.

10.What'stheresearchers5attitudetoSSDs'physiologicalresult?

A.Disappointed.B.Content.

C.Positive.D.Indifferent.

11.WhatneedstobefurtherexaminedaccordingtoChambers?

A.Theheightofthedeskandthemonitor.

B.Thetimepeoplespendinstanding.

C.Behaviorandpsychologicalaspects.

D.Abroaderrangeoftheparticipants.

BristolUniversitywillofferstudentslessonsinhappiness.Theuniversityisofferingthe

12-weekcoursetostudentsfromalluniversitydisciplinesnextyear,whichwillcounttowards

20oftheir120creditpointsfortheirfirstyearoncampus.Thecourse,tobetaughtby

ProfessorBruceHood,anexpertwhostudieshowthebrainworksandhowhumansthink,

willexplorewhathappinessisandhowtoachieveit.

Lastyear,400studentssignedupforapilothappinesscourseattheuniversity,whichdid

notresultinacademiccredits,aspartoftheuniversity'seffortstoimprovewell-being.

ProfessorHoodsaid,"We'rereallyexcitedthattheuniversityhasgotbehindthecourse.This

试卷第4页，共10页

coursewillbebuiltandestablishedonwhatwe'vealreadylearntinthefirstyearbutof

coursewe'regoingtomonitorthestudentsmuchmorecloselybecauseit'sforacademic

credits.Theycan'ttakeaneasyoption—they'vereallygottoputinalotofeffort.”

Thevoluntarycoursewasoriginallyintroducedamid（在...当中）growingconcerns

aboutstudentmentalhealth.Lastyear,studentscalledformoresupportandservicesfor

youngpeoplewithmentalhealthissuesattheuniversity.Underthenewcourse,studentswill

attendaone-hourlectureeachweekaswellasattendinga"happinesshub^^.Lectureswill

addressaseriesofissues,includingwhetherhappinessisinthegenesandifitcanreallybe

changed,howourmindsinfluencehappinessandtheroleofcultureinhappiness.

Studentswillbeaskedtoselectoneofsevenhappinessexercisestopractiseforaweek,

andthenevaluate（评估）theeffectithasonthem.Thiswillbediscussedattheweekly

happinesshubmeetings.Theexercisesincludesleepingmore,meditating（冥想）,expressing

gratitudeforpeopleandthings,andpractisingrandomactsofkindness.

12.Whowillgetcreditpointsonthelessonsinhappiness?

A.Thetwelfthgraders.B.Gradersofallperiods.

C.Seniorstudents.D.Thefreshmen.

13.Howwillthestudentsfindthehappinesscourse?

A.Encouraging.B.Exciting.

C.Difficult.D.Simple.

14.Whatcanstudentsdobytakingthehappinesscourse?

A.Theycangivespeechesondifferentissues.

B.Theycanlearnhowmindsaffecthappiness.

C.Theycanevaluatetheeffectoneachother.

D.Theycaninfluencethepartofcultureinhappiness.

15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.BristolUniversityofferslessonsinhappiness.

B.ThefirstAIcoursesresultinacademiccredits.

C.VariouscoursesareofferedbyBristolUniversity.

D.Lessonswillbeintroducedonstudents,mentalhealth.

二、七选五

WhyYouShouldn'tExercisetoLoseWeight

Manyofusarestarting(orrestarting)exerciseinhopesoflosingunwantedpounds.

Aimingtobemoreactiveisgood.Butifthemainreasonistoloseweight,yourNewYear's

resolutioncouldbeverywellbackfire.

16.weoftensouronitandstopworkingout.Inastudyof30overweight

peoplewhoparticipatedina12-weekexerciseprogramandwereinterviewedafterward,this

responsewastypical:"ItwasquitedisappointingthatIdidn'tloseasingle

pound.17

Perhapsthebiggestproblemwithexercisingtodroppoundsisthatitturnsphysical

activityintopunishment—apricewehavetopayforaslimmerbody.Howmanytimeshave

youheardsomeonesay(orsaidyourself)"I'lldoextraexercise^^aftereatingtoomuchduring

theholidaysoratacelebratorydinner?18Asaconsequence,we'reunlikelyto

enjoyitortokeepdoingit.

Thetakeawayisthatweseeexercisepositivelyandactuallydoitwhenwefocusonour

well-beingratherthanourweight.Forsome,themotivationmaybeanimprovedmoodor

lessstress.Othersmayfindexercisemakesthemfeelphysicallyandmentally

stronger.19Itcanhelpreducetheriskofheartdisease,cancer,colds,etc.Itcan

alsoimprovesleep,makeyouenergetic,andpreventaging.What'smore,exercisecan

preventweightgainandimproveyourappearance.

20.Ifsperhapsthemostimportantthingyoucandoforyourhealth.Butto

improvethechancesofsuccess,focusonhowmovementhelpsyoufeelbetterphysicallyand

emotionally—andforgetabouthowitmovestheneedleonthescale.

A.Itkindofmademegiveup

B.Sobyallmeans,trytoexerciseregularlyin2022

C.Whileit'snotveryhelpfulformeltingawaypounds

D.Whenexercisefailstomeetourweight-lossexpectations

E.Thebenefitsofphysicalactivityarewellbeyondtheseaspects

F.Wetreatexerciseasaformofself-punishmentforbeing“bad”inthepast

G.Forstarters,exercise,atleastthekindmostofusdo,istypicallyineffectiveforweightloss

试卷第6页，共10页

三、完形填空

Everybodywantswhafsbestfortheirkids,butnobodyknowswhatthatis.Itmightbe

succeeding,butitmightbe21

Manyofuswhoplayedyouthsportsrememberthedefeatsfarmore22thanthe

victories.Youjustdon't23withteammatesafterawinlikeyoudoafteraloss.

That'swhenyoulearntoexpressandacceptempathy（共鸣）.I've24thisasa

memberofthehockey（冰球）parent.Inthecourseofthissecondcareer,Ihave25a

coachandcheerleaderwhilewatchingmysonpromoted.

Inhisthirdseason,histeam26lostoverthreestraightgames,wonagoldmedal

andmadeadeep27intheleague.Therewas28happinessandboasting（自

夸）.Heimprovedasa29butdidn'tmuchchangeasaperson.

Forthat,youneedto30.Thenextyearhisteamlost40oftheirfirst50

games.Foratime,Iworriedthatthesesetbackswouldhisloveofthegamethat

he'dhatehockeyand32.Butthatdidn'thappen.As33asitgot,the

losingwasclarifying.It34thekidswhowereinitmoreforthe35than

forthegame.Thelosingseparated36playersfrom“showponies”.Besides,the

kidswerelearningthegameinawayonlylosingcan37,appreciating

the38ofeverypositionontheice.

Thisnewteamhadcharacterandcouldneverbecountedout,nomatter

the39.Theyhadlearnedthemostimportant40:Youcanlosewithout

beingbeaten.

21.A.failingB.winningC.fallingD.cheating

22.A.UnbelievablyB.bitterlyC.remarkablyD.clearly

23.A.agreeB.dealC.bondD.play

24.A.treatedB.learnedC.doubtedD.considered

25.A.servedasB.arguedwithC.approvedofD.respondedto

26.A.regularlyB.justC.neverD.permanently

27.A.bowB.runC.researchD.analysis

28.A.celebrationB.cautionC.commitmentD.authority

29.A.trainerB.playerC.leaderD.employee

30.A.struggleB.improveC.compromiseD.lose

31.A.spareB.killC.affordD.promote

32.A.continueB.recoverC.quitD.hesitate

33.A.smoothB.adequateC.preciseD.bad

34.A.weededoutB・appealedtoC.tookinD.referredto

35.A.diplomaB,supportC.gloryD.identification

36.A.delicateB.swiftC.proudD.true

37.A.teachB.followC.adoptD.obtain

38.A.termB.roleC.virtueD.accuracy

39.A.fieldB.judgeC.partnerD.score

40.A.justiceB.borderC.lessonD.course

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

TheofficialmottoofBeijing2022is"TogetherforaSharedFuture^^combiningthe

themesofunity,progress,41(cooperate),andinternationalism.

It42(mirror)athemecommonlyadvocatedbyChina:theprincipleof"acommunity

ofasharedfutureformankind"，whichChinahasfollowedtotryandaddressthe

challenges43(create)byglobalization.

Deep-rootedinthismottoisChina'sdevelopmentidea,whichpicturesthedevelopment

betweenChinaandcountriesacrosstheworldbythefinancingandconstructionof

infrastructure(基ii出设施),overcomingbarriers,44(build)opportunities,and

deepeningtradelinks.Ev