高考英语句子成分课件

FUNTIONSINSENTENCESForSenior句子成分包括： 主语 谓语 表语 宾语 1、及物动词宾语和介词宾语； 2、直接宾语和间接宾语 补足语 定语 状语 原因、时间、地点、方式、条件、 结果、目的、比较、让步、程度 主语名词、代词、动词-ing、动词不定式、wh+动词不定式、从句都可以作主语。1.Ourmasterisverykind.2.Heisagoodboy.3.TeachingthemEnglishisherjob.4.Toworkwiththemisveryinteresting5.Itisnecessaryforhimtoattendthe meetingtomorrow.6.Itisnecessarythathewillattendthe meetingtomorrow.(注意对比)

Itwasinthebook-shopthatI metoneofmyoldclassmates lastSunday.7.Whattodonextisunknown.8.Whatwewilldonextisunknown.谓语谓语包括时态和语态。I.时态 现在时 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进 行时1)Hedoesn’tworkinthisfactory.2)IsTomwatchingTVinthesitting-room now?3)TheyhavelearnedthreeEnglishsongs already. 4)WehavebeenlearningEnglishfor almosttwoyearssinceMr.Brown taughtus.过去时一般过去时过去进行时 过去完成时 过去将来时1)Ididn’tgothereforsomefoodyesterday.2)TheyweredoingtheirhomeworkwhenI enteredtheirclassroom. 3)Beforehearrivedatthecinema,thefilm hadbeenonforfourminutes.4)Hesaidhewouldcomeheretohelpus.将来时 一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时 1)WilltheyvisitthemuseumnextSunday?2)Iwillbewaitingforyouattheschool gateat5o’clocktomorrowevening.3)Shewillhavefinishedthereportbythe endofnextmonth.II.语态基本结构 be+动词的过去分词现在时 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 1)Ourbedroomisoftenkeptcleanevery day.2)Isourcarbeingrepairinginthegarage now?3)Thebuildingovertherehasbeenbuilt.It isforwomenandchildren.过去时一般过去时过去进行时 过去完成时 过去将来时1)WasthisdictionaryboughtlastTuesday?2)Theperformancewasbeinggiveninthe streetwhenIwaspassingby.3)Theoperationhadbeencarriedouton

Tombeforehisparentsgottothehospital.4)Themanagersaidthatthegoodswould besenttothechain-shopsassoonas possible.将来时 一般将来时将来完成时 1)Anewchemicalworkswillbebuilt amongthehillsfarawayfromourtown.2)Themeetingwillhavebeenendedby6 o’clockthisafternoon.宾语名词、代词、动词-ing、动词不定式、wh+动词不定式、从句都可以作宾语。宾语包括及物动词宾语和介词宾语。1)Idon’tknowthemanoverthere.2)Hewantstobeanengineer.3)Alicethinksitinterestingtoswimwith hersister.4)Didyouenjoyplayinggameswiththem atthelastparty?5)Doyouknowwheretoholdthesports meet?6)Idon’tknowwherethesportsmeetwill beheld.7)Weareinterestedin

Englishandmaths.8)Wemustpreventtheriversfrom

being polluted.直接宾语和间接宾语1.Hepassedme

abottleofsalt.2.Hepromisedhisteacher

tohelpus.(对比)Heaskedhisteachertohelphim.3.Sheaskedme

aquestionjustnow.(对比)MarkmadeLondon

thebaseforthe revolution.表语名词、形容词、表示方向地点的副词、动词-ing、动词的过去分词、动词不定式、WH+动词不定式、介词短语、从句都可以作表语。1)Heisn’tateacher.2)Johnisquitetall.3)Aretheyin?4)Hisfull-timejobissellingnewspapers.(对比)Heissellingnewspapersnow.5)Thecupisbroken.(对比)Thecupwasbrokenbythecatlast night.6)Hewastoleavewhenthephonerang.7)Thequestioniswhenandwheretogofor picnic.8)Thequestioniswhenandwherewewill goforapicnic.9)Thechildrenareinthereading-room now.补足语补足语 可分为主语补足语和宾语补足语名词、形容词、表示方向地点的副词、动词-ing、动词的过去分词、动词不定式、介词短语等都可以作补足语1)WeallmadeJackmonitoratthelast classmeeting.Jackwasmademonitoratthelast classmeeting.2)Didyoufindourroomverydirty?Wasourroomfoundverydirty?3)Lethimin,please.4)Someonefoundhimswimminginthe riverwhenitwasgettingdark.Hewasfoundswimming

intheriver whenitwasgettingdark.5)Iheardhimsingthreepopsongsinthe nextroomlastnight.Hewasheardtosingthreepopsongs inthenextroomlastnight.6)Iaskedhimtogiveherhisuncle’sphone number.Hewasaskedtogiveherhisuncle’s phonenumber.7)Hefoundhishousebrokenintowhenhe gothome.Hishousewasfoundbrokenintowhenhe gothome.8)Didyouseehimunderthetreealone?Washeseenunderthetreealone?定语定语可分为：前置定语和后置定语。形容词、物主代词的所有格、(单个)动词ing形式、(单个)过去分词常作前置定语。1)ThetallboyisTom’s

elderbrother.2)Thedancinghallisbeingrepairednow.3)Thebrokencupisn’tmine.4)Thesleepinggirlis

my

youngersister.else常作后置定语。形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等词常作后置定语。形容词短语、介词短语、动词不定式、动词ing短语、动词过去分词短语、定语从语等都常作后置定语。else常作后置定语1)Mum,isthereanythingelseformeto do?2)Whatelsedidyousayatthelast meeting?3)Whoelsewenttherewithyoulastnight?4)Whereelsehaveyoubeenbesides Shanghai?形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等词常作后置定语1)A:Anythingelsetobuybesidesmeat? B:Nothingelse.Thankyou,Jack.2)A:Isthereanythinginterestingin today’snewspaper? B:Yes.Look!Andhereissomething important.形容词短语、介词短语、动词不定式、动词ing短语、动词过去分词短语、定语从语等都常作后置定语1)Theboyfullofbraveryrushedintothe burninghouseandcarriedanoldlady out.2)Doyouknowthemanwithabluehaton hishead?3)Sorry,Ican’tgowithyoubecauseI’ll havesomethingimportant

towrite.4)Boysandgirls,todaythereisalittle homeworktodo.5)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnexttothepark isforthechildren.6)Hecan’trecognizethebikestolentwo weeksago.7)Themanwhosesonisasoldierlives here.8)ThehousewhereLuXunoncelivedis stillthere.9)Thereasonwhyhedidn’tgotoschool soundsreasonable.注意enough和

nearby1)Ihaven’tgotenoughmoney.Ican’t affordit.2)Wehavetimeenoughtodothework.3)Ifyouareintrouble,askapoliceman nearbyforhelp.=Ifyouareintrouble,askanearby policemanforhelp.状语(原因、时间、地点、方式、条件、结果、目的、比较、让步、程度、伴随)1.原因状语1)Tomdidn’tgotoschoolyesterday becausehewasill/becauseofhis illness.2)Sinceallofusarehere,let’sbeginour meeting.3)Havingfinishedmyhomework,Iwent outtoplayfootball.4)Whydidn’tyouattendmybirthday party?5)Asitwaslate,Imadehastetogo.(注意) Getup,Tom,forthebirdsaresinging.2.时间状语1)Theywillbethereat8:00a.m.tomorrow.2)Thetrainhadleftbeforewegottothe railwaystation.3)ItwasthenthatIrecognizehimatthe airport.4)Onlywhensheenteredherhouse,didshe findeverythingstolen.5)Seeingtheoldphotos,heremembered hislifeinthecountryside.6)Havingbeentakentothehospital,the injuredintheaccidentweretakengood careof.7)Onceseen,itwillneverbeforgotten.3.地点状语1)Theywantedtogothereforhelp.2)Myfatherworksinthisfactory.3)We,youngpeople,shouldgowherethere arealotofdifficulties.4.方式状语1)Iwillgotovisitthemuseumbybikethis Sunday.2)

A:Howdidyougettothemountain? B:OnFood.3)Helookedatmestrangely.4)Thechildrencameintotheclassroom, singingandlaughing.5)Theprofessorcamein,followedbyhis assistants.5)Alicesattherewithabookinherhand. =Alicesatthere,bookinhand.5.条件状语真实条件1)Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’tgooutfor apicnic.2)Iwon’tcomeunlessIaminvited.=Iwon’tcomeifnotinvited.3)Youwillgooutsolongasyoupromise tocomebackbefore10o’clocktonight.(注意)Idon’tknowifheisinthelabnow.虚拟条件1)IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’tsaythat.2)Hewouldseemyuncleifhestayedhere now.3)Youwouldhavemetthefamous professorifyouhadattendedthe meeting.=Hadyouattendedthemeeting,youwould havemetthefamousprofessor.4)IfIwereheretomorrow,Iwouldjoinyou inthecamp.5)Ifyouweretoseeit,youwouldalways rememberitforever.=Wereyoutoseeit,youwouldalways rememberitforever.6)Iwouldtelephoneherassoonaspossible ifsheshouldbeinterestedinit.=Shouldshebeinterestedinit,Iwouldtelephoneherassoonaspossible.6.结果状语1)Heissokindthatallthechildrenhere likeshimverymuch.2)Johngotupsoearlythathecaughtthe firstbusthismorning.3)Wesatatthebackofthemeeting-room sothatnobodysawus.4)Heissoyoungtogotoschool.5)Heisn’ttallenoughtoreachthebookonthetopoftheshelf.7.目的状语1)Hestartedat6:00a.m.inorderthathe couldarrivethereintime.=

Hestartedat6:00a.m.inordertoarrive thereintime.=

Hestartedat6:00a.m.sothathecould arrivethereintime.=

Hestartedat6:00a.m.soastoarrive thereintime.=Inordertoarrivethereintime,hestarted at6:00a.m.2)Hewentthereforsomeassistance.3)Shecameheretoborrowsomebooks.4)A:Whatdidhecomeherefor? B:Forsomefood.5)A:Whatdidhecomeherefor? B:Tobuysomefood.8.比较状语

I.同级比较1)HeisastallasI.2)Thisriveristwiceaslongasthatone.3)Hedoesn’tworksohardashisbrother.4)Thisropeisthesamelengthasthatone.II.比较级

1)BobistallerthanTom.2)Heranmuchfaster

thanhisclassmate, Jacky.3)Thiswatchisthreetimesmore expensive thanthatone.4)Whichisbetter,AorB?5)Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.6)Themoreyoulearn,themoreyouget.7)Heistallerthananyotherclassmatein myclass.=Heistallerthananyoneelseinmyclass.=Heisthetalleststudentinmyclass.(注意) HegavemorefoodtomethantoJoan. Heme Joan HegavemorefoodtomethanJoan. He me JoanIII.

最高级1)TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestriver inChina.2)Thisisthemostinterestingbookamong thesefourbooks.3)Intherace