2023年中考英语二轮复习专项讲义与练习-动词时态（牛津译林版）

2023年中考英语二轮复习专项讲义与练习——动词时态一、动词的时态时态是动词的一种形式，不同的时态用来表示在不同的时间以不同的方式发生的动作或存在的状态。初中英语要求掌握6种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成时，1、一般现在时：①表示客观真理或科学事实。如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.②表示现在的状态。如：IamastudentatSheyangExperimentalSecondaryschool.③表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Ioftengotobedat9：30"④在时间、条件等状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来概念.如：AssoonasIgetthere,I'lltelephoneyou.常与always、often、usually、sometimes等频度副词及onceaweek、everyday/week/mon/h/yean等时间状语连用。2、一般过去时：①主要用于表达过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，如：Ihadacoughlastweek.If②过去经常发生的动作或习惯性动作，如：Iusedtogetupatsix.常与justnow、lastnight/week/month、twoyearsago、theotherday等时'间状语连用3、一般将来时：用于表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。其构成方式：①用win（shaii）+动词原形来表达将来在某一时间内要发生，或经常、将要发生的动作或状态，如：Iwingotothemoononeday?•②用begoingto+动词原形，用来表示不久将要发生或打算去作的动作。如：Fmgoingtoswimthisafternoonj•③be+现在分词，用某些动词的现在进行时表示将来，如：Pmcoming.这些动词只限于：go,come,leave,move,arrive,start,fly等表示位置移动的动词。④在状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。常与soon、tomorrow、intwodays、inthefuture等时间状语连用。4、现在进行时：用于表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作。如：Whatareyoudoingnow?要注意的是表示状态，情感的某些词没有现在进行时，这些动词有：have（有），like,love,know,understand,remember,forget,see,hear,smell,taste,feel,wish,hope,expect...常与now、rightnow、atpresent、atthemoment、thesedays等时间状语连用。句中有look、listen等提示词，常用现在进行时。5、过去进行时：①用于表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。如：Iwasreadinganovelatthistimeyesterday.②用于表示过去某个时间段进行的动作，如：Hewaspracticingthepianofrom2p.m.to4p.m.yesterday.常与atthattime、atthatmoment、atthistimeyesterday、from2P,m.to4p.m.yesterday、thenthewholenight等时间状语连用。也可用于when/while引导的表示过去的时间状语从句中。6、现在完成时：①表示某一动作从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在，并可能延续下去。如：I'vestudiedEnglishfortwoyears.②表示过去发生的某一动作对现在的影响或结果。如：Ihaven'thadmybreakfast,soI'mhungrynow.常与already、yet、ever、never、just、recently、before、sofar/bynow/uptonow、in/overthelast/pastfewyeais、for+一段时间、since+过去的点时间/段时间+ago/一般过去时的从句等时间状语连用。★现在完成时中，常涉及到与一段时间连用时，非延续性动词（短动词）与延续性动词（延续性动词）的转化。二、考点分析考点一：时态在状语从句中的考察。（主要是时态的搭配使用）A、“主将从现”原则（ ）［例］——PHplanavisittoHongKongifittomorrow.——Really?IthinkIwithyou.A.don'train,goB.won'train,goC.isn'train,willgoD.doesn'train,willgoB、一般过去时与三种时态的搭配使用：一般过去时与过去完成时，一般过去时与过去进行时，一般过去时与过去将来时（ ）［例］Hewassurethathehiswalletintheoffice.A.left B.wouldleave C.hadleft D.hasleft( )［例］Whensheatthedoor,mymothersomewashing.A.knocked...did B.wasknocking...didC.knocked...wasdoing D.knocks...isdoing( )口列］---YoupromisedthatyoumetoDisneyland,Dad.---Well,Idid,dear.ButIhavetochangetheplan.A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.hastakenD.hadtaken考点二：语境中时态的对比使用(主要是时态的区分)A、一般过去时与现在完成时的区别( )［例］—youeverTombefore?一No,Ihimjusttwominutesago.A.Did,know;met B.Have,known;havemetC.Have,known;met D.Did,know;hadmetB、一般现在时与现在进行时的区别( )［例］Mr.Smithshortstories,butheaTVplaythesedays.A.iswriting...iswriting B.iswriting...writesC.writes...iswriting D.writes...writesC、一般过去时与过去进行时的区别()［例］一Howdidtheaccidenthappen?一Youknow,itdifficulttoseetheroadclearlybecauseit.A.was...wasrainingB.was...hadrainedC.is...israiningD.was...rained考点三：延续性动词在时态中与时间状语的搭配使用(主要是在完成时中的使用)A、在特殊疑问句中的考查( )［例］—HowlongyouEngland,Sue?一Sincetwoyearsago.A.have,beentoB.have,gonetoC.have,beeninD.have,movedtoB、在句型中的考查( )［例］IttwoyearssincehetheParty.A.is;hasjoinedB.was;joinedC.hasbeen;joinedD.hadbeen;joinedC、在一般过去时与现在完成时之间进行转换中的考查［例］Themeetinghasbeenoverfortwohours.Itsince.Themeetingtwohoursago.三、易错典型题A、when引导的时间状语从句中，时态的对比使用问题( )［彳列］Mymotherthehouseworkwhenthetelephone.A.did;rangB.did;wasringC.wasdoing,rangD.wasdoing,wasringing( )［例］Myfatherinthisschoolwhenhewas12yearsold.A.study B.wasstudyingC.wouldstudyD.studiedB、主将从现中，一般将来时的表达方式问题( )［例］Unlessyoucarefullyinclass,youwillmakesomemistakes.A.listenB.willlistenC.havelistenedD.listenedC、回答中动词的重复替代问题( )［例］—youthetext?—Yes,weittwohoursago.A.Did,copy;did B.Have,copied;havecopiedC.Have,copied;did D.Did,copy;hadD、语境的限制问题( )［彳列］一Hi!Kelly.Ididn'tseeyouattheparty.一Oh,Ireadyforthemathsexam.A.amgetting B.wasgettingC.got D.havegotE、时态中的“特殊”对策的原则( )［例］TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25ChristmasDay.A.is B.was C.hasbeenD.willbeF、母语理解干扰的问题( )［例］—Iamsosorry,Iyournumber,canyousayitagain? —89907622.A.hadforgottenB.haveforgottenC.forgotD.forget四、强化训练)1.Robotsmoreheavyworkforusinthefuture.A.willdo B.did C.havedoneD.weredoing)2.一You'reinahurry.Whereareyougoing?一Tothecinema.Sueformeoutside.A.waitsB.waitedC.iswaitingD.waswaiting)3.一IsMr.Greenintheoffice?—No,hetothelibrary.A.goesA.waitsB.waitedC.iswaitingD.waswaiting)3.一IsMr.Greenintheoffice?—No,hetothelibrary.A.goesB.hadgoneC.hasgoneD.wouldgo)4.—Ourclassmateswenttoaconcertyesterdayafternoon.—Whatapity!Imyhomework.A.haddoneB.wasdoingC.amdoingD.woulddoA.haddoneB.wasdoingC.amdoingD.woulddo)5.Whatasurprisetoseeyouhere!Whenyouback?A.do,get B,did,get C.have,got)6.1can'tfindmynotebookanywhere.TmafraidIit.A.lose B.lost C.havelost)5.Whatasurprisetoseeyouhere!Whenyouback?A.do,get B,did,get C.have,got)6.1can'tfindmynotebookanywhere.TmafraidIit.A.lose B.lost C.havelostD.will,getD.waslosing)7.MissBrown,wecleaningourclassroom.Canwegohomenow?A.finishB.finishedC.arefinishedD.havefinishedA.finishB.finishedC.arefinishedD.havefinished( )8.一DidyouseeTomyesterday?—No,Iforhimforalongtime.A.didn'tseeB.hasn'tseenC.saw D.haven9tseen( )9.(2021盐城)DuringDr.Ma'slastvisit,heon150patientsonORBISplane.A.operates B.isoperatingC.willoperateD.operated( )10.(2021上海)Mikethefurnitureintohisnewflatthistimeyesterday.A.wouldmoveB.wasmovingC.hasmovedD.hadmoved( )11.David40documentariesoverthepast67years.ALifeonOurPlanetishislatestwork.A.makes B.made C.hasmade D.ismaking( )12.ThedocumentaryAPlasticOceanissoimpressivethatIitseveraltimessofar.A.watchedB.watch C.havewatched D.willwatch( )13.(2021南京)Sorry,youcan'ttakethedictionaryaway,Vicky.IitA.used B.amusing C.haveused D.wasusing( )14.(2021扬州)—DoyouknowwhenMrsWhitefordinnerthisevening?-No,butIthinkshewhensheisfree.A.willcome;willcomeB.willcome;comesC.comes;willcomeD.comes;comes( )15.(2021常州)一Iyouhere,butyoudidn'tcome.一I'mterriblysorry.IwassobusythatIforgot.A.wouldexpect B.wasexpectingC.amexpectingD.haveexpected()16.(2021连云港一Look!Somebodythelights.—Well,itwasn'tme.Ididn'tdoit.A.turnsoffB.isturningoffC.wasturningoffD.hasturnedoff( )17.(2021镇江)LastDecember,amanwhostoleasharedbike_1,000yuanbythepolice.A.finedB.wasfinedC.willbefinedD.hasfined()18.(2021无锡)MybrothertheIndianfilmDangalwhenIphonedhimyesterday.A.watchesB.haswatc