凝实用翻译期末报告

英文原文“LouisvanGaalandBrendanRodgersShareanIdealisticMentality”来源于著名体育ESPN的一篇专栏稿，作者为专栏作家理查德·乔利Jolly，而且本学期也在体育频道实习，主写，因此选取了一篇较新的评 章其次考虑了翻译难度英文原文是一篇讨论战术的文章，专业性较强，出现了大量的术语、球队名、球员名和战术阵型的特定表达，具有一定的翻译难度。最后考虑了文章风格。原文围绕战术这一，对英超联赛的两位著名进行了对比，文章明确、脉络清晰，阅读起来也较为原文是一篇专业性较强的评 章主要探讨了英超联赛两位著名的战术思想分别是曼联主帅和利物浦主文中包含了许多足球术语，如“4-4-2”、“midfielder”、“leftback”等，也出现了大量足坛的球星和教练的名字，如“VanGaal”、“Rodgers”、“Liverpool”等。除了专业类词语，文章中还穿插提到了几场比赛以实例阐明两位的战术部署。这就要求译者也必须原文在著名的体育ESPN上，受众群主要是有一定体育知识基础的读、出现一次，因此基本上都是以全名的形式出现，例如“PepGuardiola”（1：71：89）如果翻成“恩里克”的话，就跟现任巴塞罗那队的主重名了，这里为了表户的翻译，如新浪体育、腾讯体育等。、而球员的场上位置又与战术关因此在翻译时选择了补充说明这部分信息。例如在“thetrioVanGaalfieldedatBurnleyinAugustincludedbothAngelDiMariaandJuanMata”（1：8）里出现了两位球员——“迪马利亚”和“马塔”，这两位球员属于型中场，在句子里并没有说明，但一句“usethecentralmidfieldareastocraminanotherattack-mindedtalent”中提到了一个信息，即在中的场上位置进行了解释说明，整个句子就翻译为“部署的中场“三人组”就包括了两 型中场——迪和马塔”因为英文原文是一篇关于战术的评章因此出现了大量专业术语和本文由于讨论的是战术问题专业性很强因此出现了很多方面的1：7，如果不了解的话一般人看到这三个数字不会有什么联想意义但“4-4-2”其实指的是战术里面的一种最常见的阵型——“4-4-2”阵型即除去守门员场上1：8卫”。但有时并不能马上就辨认出术语。例如“JordanHendersonstartedontheleftJordanHenderson这名球员确实在比赛中首发出场了，因此就可以确定句子里的“start”是术语，表示“首发出场”的意思。由此可以看出本文里面出现的很多术语都是由很简单的词组成的但在翻译这篇文章时笔者对作者的某些表述理解有些有可能是表达习运用性思维理解文字背后的客观事实。“背后的客观事实翻译不仅是翻译文解或确的问题。其中一种情况是理解了原文的意思，但表述确。例如“WheneitherVanGaalorRodgersdeploystwostrikersandfourmidfielders,itiswithadiamond.”（附1：7）中关于“diamond”的理解。通过联系上下文，可以知道这里的“diamond”但后来又觉得不妥因为在领域似乎没有这样的表述于是上网搜索了“4-4-站位”。因此后文出现的“ontheleftofadiamond”（1：8）和“atthetipofthe还有一种情况是对原文的表述出现了理解上的。比如“relocatedStevenGerrardtoadeeperrole”（1：8）中的“adeeperrole”，由前文的内容可以推似于“欲让杰拉德位置后撤延长其职业”这样的由此“deeper”的[1]栓.非文学翻译理论与实践[M].：中国对外翻译公司,所：所：BYRICHARD·Thereare22yearsbetweenLouisvanGaalandBrendanRodgers.ThereisalsothesmallmatterofthesevenleaguetitlesandtheoneChampionsLeaguethattheDutanhaswon,too.TheyarethemanagersofEngland'sarch-enemies,pittedonopposingsidesofadefining路易斯与布伦丹相差22岁，在赢得的7个联Theve nisinform,withfivesuccessivewinstohisname.Thecomparativerookieisoutofit,tastingvictoryjusttwiceinninegames.Soifthereisasimilarity,itlieslessonthefootballfieldthanthetactics还未进入状态，利物浦9Sunday'sopponentsaretwintacticians,eagertoexperiment--theyhavebothusedatleastfourdifferentsystemssofarthisseason--andequippedwiththeconfidencetobacktheirownjudgment,howeveroutlandishtheirchoicesmayappear.Theyaremenwiththeego--andVanGaaladmitsheisarrogant--tobelievetheycanoutwitand战术家都热衷于实践自己的思是自尊心极强的人，而也承己能比那些最有名的智胜eventhemostdecoratedofmanagers.Theirsisanapproachthat,whenresults ing,bringseulogiesand,whentheyarenot,drawscriticism,simplybecausetheyrarelytaketheobviousAnd,indeed,thereisasharedaversiontotheformationtheEnglishunderstandbest,aregulation4-4-2.WheneitherVanGaalorRodgersdeploystwostrikersandfourmidfielders,itiswithadiamond.ManchesterUnitedhavebeenattheirmostprolificthisseasonwiththatshape;LiverpoolwereoftenattheirmostdevastatinglastyearwithLuisSuarezandDanielSturridge不管是还是摆出2前搭档“双前锋”Theunderlyingethosisthatneithermanagerwantstobeoutnumberedinthecentreofmidfield.Theaimistohaveatleastthreeyersthere,todominatepossessionanddictatey.Managerswho,especiallyinVanGaal'scase,haveapreferenceforyouthcanlookforaseniorfiguretoorchestrateproceedingsfromthebaseofthemidfield.FrankRijkaardfulfilledthatrolealongsideAjax tesadecadehisjuniorinthe1990sand,whenVanGaalwenttoBarcelona,hepromptlyappointedPepGuardiolacaptain.Rodgersgave这其中隐含的战术意图是，和都不愿意在中场中圈放置过多的。“4-4-2”阵型的意图是喜欢启用年轻球员的，特别是球员充当中场大脑。90年代好地适应了这一角色，而后2011thoughttosigningMarcosSennaforSwanseain2011and,inJanuary,relocatedStevenGerrardtoadeeperrole.Forthreemonths,itwasa纳，今年一月，他又让的位确实收到了。Thereisasharedfondnessfordiminutivepassers,evenifthereisagulfinclassbetweenXaviandAndresIniesta,twoofVanGaal'sBarcelonacharges,andJoeAllenandNuriSahin,twoofRodgers'firstsigningsforLiverpool.Yetthereisalsoawillingnesstousethecentralmidfieldareastocraminanotherattack-mindedtalent:thetrioVanGaalfieldedatBurnleyinAugustincludedbothAngelDiMariaandJuanMata,whileRodgershassometimesusedPhilippeCoutinhoontheleftofa即便队中球员水平不及巴塞不上刚接手利物浦时的两笔练还喜欢在中场区域布置一位的比赛中，部署的中场“三人 迪和，而有时也 Thekey,perhaps,isthatneitherpigeonholesyers.Unlike,say,ManuelPellegrini,whocangetlockedintohislogicofhavingtwoforeveryposition,VanGaalandRodgersseemtoregardfootballersasmalleableimplementsthattheyarecapableofcustomisingaccordingtotheirwishes.Eachseemstothinkofjobdescriptionsimplyasastarting和最重要的共同点应化。不像其他那样，比如说佩都固定两名球员，和像在两位主看来，球员的习Hence,perhaps,thefactthatbothhaveyedwingersasleftbacks.AshleyYounghasprovedamakeshiftdefenderforVanGaalrecently.Twoyears中场球员阿什利-扬就向证明RodgerstooktheleftfieldmoveofyingStewartDowninginthebackfourwhileleftbackJoseEnriqueoperatedinfrontofhim.Apartfromeverythingelse,itamountedtoapublicvoteofnoconfidenceinDowning.Itwas,too,inthesupposedspecialistsCoutinho,AdamLallanaandLazarMarkovicwhentheywereleftonthebenchasJordanHendersonstartedontheleftwingagainstBaselthis年前，曾让中场唐宁改打左WhereasDavidMoyesonceadmittedhedidnottakeoffRobinvanPersiebecauseofthepotentialreactionfromthepressandpublic,thesearetwomanagerswhobacktheirownbeliefs,howeverunconventionaltheyare.TheycanbedecidedlyundiplomaticinbothselectionsanddecisionsasPaddyMcNairandJoseEnrique,hauledoffearlyinsuccessivedays,can西，而和则是特立独Both,too,seemtoregardwingersasyerscapableofoperatinginvirtuallyeveryoutfieldposition,barcentre-back.Theyhaveaparticularwillingnesstousethemincentralroles.Liverpool'slasttriptoOldTraffordmarkedRaheemSterling'sfirstappearanceatthetipofthemidfielddiamond.HewasoutstandinginMarch's3-0win.Meanwhile,untilthe3-0的亚受伤之前，一直让阿根廷wasinjured,VanGaalstartedtoyDiMariaasastriker,ahisuseofArjenRobbenasaroving,electriccentre-forwardintheWorldThatwasatournamentthat,likehisearlydaysatAjax,highlightedVanGaal'swillingnesstoywithabackthree.Rodgers,too,hasusedanunfashionableformation.HetransformedhisfirstMerseysidederbywithahalf-timeswitchinsystem.Heyed3-5-2foraspellintheautumnof2013whenheandSteveBrucewerealoneamongLeaguemanagersinoptingforthat还是今年的，都表明偏爱“三后卫”的打法。同样了；而在2013年秋季还夫·Theirmuch-vauntedphilosophiesarereasonstheyhaveexpressedalikingforfootballingcentre-backs,evenifVanGaalhasbeentruertohisword.Rodgersspokeofwantinga"ymakerinbehind"whenrepellingadvancesforDanielAgger,thoughhepickedtheDanetoorarely.VanGaalwantedanotherleft-footedtechnician,ThomasVermaelen,andbroughtsomecalmtoachaoticdefenceatSouthamptonbymovingmidfielderMichaelCarrick他们的哲学正是他们钟爱中后卫球员的原因，而比罗杰斯实践得更加彻底一些。曾，他希望有一个“在身后的进攻”，因此当时的中后卫阿格突前，但丹麦人在麾下出用。此前曾想引进左脚中后Yettheaccusationisthatbothcanshowadisregardfordefending.Liverpool'sdefencehasgotincreasinglyworseoverthecourseofRodgers'reign.There但对于和的批评还是自上任以来，利物浦的后beamuchhighernumberinUnited'sgoalsagainstcolumnbutforthebrillianceofDaviddeGea,whohascamouflagedsomeoftheflawsinfrontofhim.VanGaallosthisjobatBayernMunichinpartbecauseofdefensive ings,whichstemmedfromhisreluctancetoatthe门将的神勇发挥，失球恐怕要多得多。当初被拜仁慕尼Itfitsinwiththeimageofeachasanidealist.YetVanGaalshowedapragmaticstreaktohelpHollandfinishthirdintheWorldCupandeachhasresortedtosomedirecttacticsthisseason.TheDutanhasshownawillingnesstoaimlongballsatMarouaneFellaini.RodgersendedupshovingcenterbackMartinSkrintoattackagainstBasel,adesperatetimecallingforthemostdesperateof两位都可以被称为理想主义者。但在帮助荷兰队夺得世利物浦对阵巴赛尔的比赛中，Neitherwouldpresentitastypicaloftheirtactics.Indeed,therearedualreasonstowonderiftheUnitedmanagerisanindirectinfluenceonhisLiverpoolcounterpart.RodgersisopeninhisadmirationfortheSpanishethosandthey,inturn,borrowedheavilyfromtheDutch.TheNorthernIrishmanwaspartofJoseMourinho'sbackroomstaff,justasthePortuguesehadworkedforVanGaalat头是否间接影响了，关于这点可以找到两种原因。一是深深的“范式烙印”；二是曾巴塞罗那期间师从。Thosetwiniconoclastshavenevercaredmuchforthecourtofpopularopinion.Itenablesthemtotakeunorthodox,evenradicaldecisions.Rodgershasasimilarconviction,acomparablebeliefinhisownwisdom.Yetperhapshisprob