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大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)A类硕士决赛英语真题(总分120,考试时间90分钟)PartⅡVocabularyandStructure
Thereare15incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicemarkedA,B,CandD.
Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.
Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.1.
Asadevelopingcountry,wemustkeep______withtherapiddevelopmentoftheworldeconomy.A
moveB
stepC
speedD
pace2.
Thescientistshaveabsolutefreedomastowhatresearchtheythinkitbestto______.A
pursueB
devoteC
adjustD
engage3.
Insteadofbeingsenttoprison,theshoplifterwas______withafine.A
setoutB
setbackC
letoffD
letalone4.
Weshouldalwaysbearinmindthat______decisionsoftenresultinseriousconsequences.A
urgentB
instantC
promptD
hasty5.
Ifcertainindustriesdidn'treceivea______fromthestate,they'dstandlittlechanceofsurviving.A
donationB
subsidyC
mortgageD
credit6.
Thethreementriedmanytimestosneakacrosstheborderintotheneighbouringcountry,______bythepoliceeachtime.A
hadbeencapturedB
beingalwayscapturedC
onlytobecapturedD
unfortunatelycaptured7.
Idecidedtogetanadvanceddegreewith______applyingforabetterjob.A
theintentiontoB
thepurposetoC
aviewtoD
anaimto8.
Muchas______,Icouldn'tlendhimthemoneybecauseIsimplydidn'thavethatmuchsparecash.A
IwouldhavelikedtoB
IwouldliketohaveC
IshouldhavetolikeD
Ishouldhavelikedto9.
Ifyouwanttomakeagoodimpression,it'simportantto______yourcolleagues.A
goinforB
lookforwardtoC
keepinwithD
comeupwith10.
He______unwisely,buthewasatleasttryingtodosomethinghelpful.A
mayhaveactedB
musthaveactedC
shouldnotactD
wouldnotact11.
______,healwaystrieshisbesttocompleteitontime.A
HoweverthetaskishardB
HoweverhardthetaskisC
ThoughhardthetaskisD
Thoughhardisthetask12.
Thechairmanofthecompanysaidthatnewtechniqueshad______improvedtheirproductionefficiency.A
violentlyB
severelyC
extremelyD
radically13.
Sam:Hello?
Tom:Sam!Helpme!
Sam:What'sthematter,Tom?
Tom:I'mhangingfromthisrockbyonehand.Ican'tholdonmuchlonger.Calltherescueservicequickly!
Sam:Veryfunny,Tom.Whyareyoualways______?
Tom:Sam!I'mnothavingyouon.It'strue!Honestly!
Sam:Pulltheotherone,Tom!A
puttingyourfootinitB
puttingyourfeetupC
pullingmylegD
pullingtherope14.
Julie:Doyouknoweverybodyhere?
Paul:No.Hardlyanybody.
Julie:HowdoyouknowSam?
Paul:He'safriendofMark's.Howdoyouknowhim?
Julie:SamandIgotothesamegym.
Paul:He'saniceguy.______
Julie:Aboutayearorso.
Paul:Whoelsedoyouknowhere?
Julie:Well,there'sSam'sgirlfriend,Clare...A
Howlonghaveyouknownhim?B
Whatdoyouknowabouthim?C
Howwelldoyouknowhim?D
Whydoyouwanttoknowhim?15.
Mary:Arethereanymorepoints?Havewecoveredeverything?
Peter:______
Andy:NeitherhaveI.
John:Justonething.I'dliketoremindeveryonethatthenextmeetingwillbeonMondayafternoon.
Mary:Thanks.I'dforgottenthat.So,ifeveryoneagrees,I'dliketoleaveitthere.A
Ihaveonethingtoadd.B
CanImakeanannouncement?C
That'sagoodpoint.D
IhavenothingtoadPartⅢCloze
Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithoneword.Choosethecorrectwordinoneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusingthecorrectformofthegivenword,orbyusingthegivenlettersoftheword.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Forallthetalkofhissustainedadolescence,noperformermadeamorecompellingentranceintomanhoodthanMichaelJacksondidwiththereleaseofhis1979album,"OfftheWall"justacoupleofweeksbeforehis21st
(46)
(day).Itwasallthemorestunningbecausewehadwatchedhimduringhischild
(47)
andadolescence.Hewasn'tanapparitionrisingoutofobscurity,likeElvisPresley.Tobecomewhohewasin
"OfftheWall,"hehadtoannul-ifnotdestroy—theperformerhehadbeenintheJackson5.
However,thechangewas
(48)
rgan)aswellasdeliberate.MichaelJacksongrewintohisbody,andoutofthatnewbodyemergedwhollynewideasofwhatpopmusic,andthemove
(49)
itgenerates,were.Itcanbehardtoremembernow,30yearslater,justhowubiquitousthehitsfromthatalbum,especially"RockwithYou,"reallywere.Insoul,inrockn'roll,andinpop,thereisalongtraditionofmensinginginhighvoices,theheightofthevoicesuggestingthepitchofthesinger'sfervour.MichaelJacksonmadethesweetnessofthathighvoicegutturaland
(50)
(demand).Heshowedthatitwasrootedinhisfeetandhipsandhands.Here-sexualizeditinawaythatyoucouldneverreallymistake—then—asandrogynous.
Veryfewartists—certainlyveryfewchildstars—haveeverredefinedthemselvesasthoroughlyoras
(51)
(success)asMichaelJacksondid.Hissecondactwasbetterthananynumberoffirstactsputtogether.Theuncannythingwasn'tjusthisphysicaltransformation,orhishypnoticnewabilitytomove.Itwasthecertaintyof"OfftheWall"anditssequel"Thriller"thatthiswasthemusicwewantedtohear.Heknew,too,thatthiswasamusicwewantedto
(52)
(visual),toseeformalisedandsetlooseindance.Inasense,hewasloosinghistransformationupontherestofus,expectingustobecaughtupintheexcite
(53)
themusiccausedinhim,andwewere.
MichaelJacksoncametobesynonymouswithtransformation—ultimately,withaneeriestasisthatcomesfromseekingtransformationallthetime.
Thealchemyofchangeworkedlongerand
(54)
(well)forhim—throughthe80sandintotheearly90s—thanithasforalmostanyotherartist.Yetsomehowallthechangesalwaystakeus
(55)
tothealbuminwhichMichaelJacksongrewup.16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
PartⅣReadingComprehension
Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Respondtothequestionsaccordingtothepassage.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.SectionASpaceenthusiastshopingtobecomeChina'snextastronautsmustpass"superhuman"healthchecks..,andthatmeansnobadbreath.
New"taikonauts"mustalsohavebrushedtheirteeththoroughlyovertheyearsasanyonewithdentalcavitiesisdisqualified.
Andevenifanindividualisfightingfit,hewon'tbeselectediftherehasbeenanyseriousillnessinthelastthreegenerationsofhisfamily.
Theseareamongstthe100healthre-quirementsforwould-beastronautsvyingtobepartofChina'snextspaceteam,accordingtotheYangtseEveningPaper.
Theselectionprocess,whichthepapersaidisforthesecondbatchofChineseastronauts,willdisqualifythosewhohavescars,runnynoses,ringworm,drugallergiesorbadbreath.
"Thebadsmellwouldaffecttheirfellowcolleaguesintheconfinedspace,"saidShiBingbing,anofficialatoneofthesixastronauthealthscreeninghospitalsinNanjing.
Asidefromthephysicalrequirementsofthejob,thecandidatemustalsopossessapleasantandadaptabledisposition,thepapersaid.
"Theseastronautscouldberegardedassuperhumanbeings,"Shisaid.
ChinabecamethethirdcountrywithasuccessfulmannedspaceprogrammeaftertheysentanastronautintospaceaboardShenzhou5onOctober15,,formorethan21hours.
China'sfirstmannedspace-walkoccurredinSeptemberlastyear.ZhaiZhigang,thesonofasnack-seller,unveiledasmallChineseflaginspace,helpedbyhiscolleagueLiuBoming,whoalsobrieflypoppedhisheadoutofthecapsule.
ThespacewalkwasasteptowardsChina'slonger-termgoalofassemblingaspacelabandthenalargerspacestation.
Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassageinamaximumof10wordsforeachsentence.26.
Apersonwhoisfightingfitcannotbecomeataikonautifanyoneinhisfamilyforthelastthreegenerations______.27.
Badbreathdisqualifiesspacetravelcandidatesbecauseitwill______.28.
ThelengthoftimeShenzhou5travelledthroughspacewas______.29.
China'slong-termgoalinspaceisto______.SectionBST.LOUIS—It'snosecretthatraisingchildrencanheexpensive,buthowaboutaquarterofamilliondollarsexpensive.'?
AgovernmentreportreleasedTuesdaysaidamiddle-incomefamilywithachildbornlastyearwillspendabout$221,000raisingthatchilduntiltheageof17.
ThereportbytheUSDepartmentofAgriculture'sCenterforNutritionPolicyandPromotionidentifiedhousingasthelargestsingleexpense,followedbyfoodandchildcare/educationcosts.The$221,000inexpensesrisestoabout$292,000whenadjustedforinflation.
USDAeconomistMarkLino,whoco-authoredthereportwithAndreaCarlson,oftenhearspeoplesaychildrencostalotwhentheannualfindingsareissued.
"Itellthemchildrenalsohavemanybenefits,soyouhavetokeepthatinmind,"hesaid.
Familieswithmoreincomespendmoreonchild-relatedcosts,thereportsaid.Afamilythatearnslessthan$57,000annuallywillspendabout$160,000onachildfrombirthuntiltheendofhighschool.Thosewithanincomebetween$57,000and$99,000spendabout$221,000,andthosewithhigherincomesspendroughly$367,000.
CostsofraisingachildarehighestintheurbanNortheastandlowestintheurbanSouthandruralareas.
TheUSDAreporthelpscourtsandstatesdeterminechild-supportguidelinesandfoster-carepayments.Itdoesnotaddresscostsspecificallyrelatedtochildbearingandpayingforcollege.Oneofthelargestchangesovertimehasbeentheincreaseincostsrelatedtocareforyoungchildren.
Thereportfirstwasissuedin1960,whensuchcostswerelargelynegligible,butwithmoreworkingfamiliesturningtooutsidehelpwithchildcare,ithasgrowntobeasignificantexpenseformanyfamilies.Thereportdoesnotgivetotalcostsrelatedtoearlychildcare.
RabenAndrews,amotherofthreeinStLouis,saidthegovernmentfiguressoundedrighttoher."Well,that'snothalfofit,"the42-year-oldschoolteacherjoked."Istillhavetoputthelittledevilsthroughcollege."
Answerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationgiveninthepassageinamaximumof10wordsforeachquestion.
1.Whatistheaverageyearlyexpenseforachildinamiddle-incomeAmericanfamily?30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
SectionCAboutfortypercentofallemailtrafficintheUnitedStatesisspam,andthisfigureisclimbingrapidly.Spamisusuallydefinedasunsolicited,masscommercialemail.Itisoftenassociatedwithadvertisementsforpornographicwebsites,drugs,orsurgerythatcanenhanceyoursexlife.Withinanotheryearorso,industryexpertspredict,halfofallemailmessageswillbeunsolicited.
Thefloodofemailmarketingcausesheadachesforemailusers.Additionally,itcostscorporationsbillionsofdollarsandreducesemployeeproductivity.Accordingtoarecentstudy,theaverageemployeespendsalmostsevenminutesperdayhandlinganaverageof13spammessages.Thistranslatestomajorcorporatelosses.Theannualcostofspamhasreached$9billionforUScorporationsalone.
Perhapsworstofall,sparebafflesanti-spammers,whohaven'tvetcomeupwithasolutiontothisgrowingproblem,
infact,theonlyprovenwaytostopspamisnottohaveanemailaddress.
Internetserviceprovidersarethefrontlinedefendersagainstspam.ISPslikeAmericaOnline,Microsoft,andEarthlinkemployanti-sparetechnicians.Theseemployeesrunspamfilters.Theyphysicallywatchthesendingofemail,keepinganeyeoutforsuddenmassmailings.Whenamailinglookssuspicious,theanti-spammerschecktheownerofthesendingaddress.However,addressesaredifficulttotrackandeasyforspammerstohide.
Spammersarecreative,mostrecentlyusingatrickcalledthe"dictionaryattack".Withspecialsoftware,spammerscangeneratemillionsofrandomentailaddressesusingcombinationsofletterssuchas"Joe236,"placedinfrontofthe"@aol.corn"partoftheaddress.Enoughoftheseaddressesarecorrectthattheemailreachesmillionsofemailusers.
IntheUnitedStates,thesituationhaspromptedcallsfornationallegislation.State-levelantispamlawshavehadlimitedeffectivenesswithfewconvictions.MajorISPsareaggressivelypushingfornationallawsagainst'spamming.
Ontheothersideoftheissue,thedirect-marketingindustryandsomeInternetretailershavesuccessfullyfoughtfederallaw,whichgoagainstfree-speechprovisionsoftheConstitution.
TheEuropeanUnionhasadoptedapracticalbanonspamcalledan"opt-in"system,inwhichcompanieshavetowaitforconsumerstorequestcommercialemailbeforeitcanbesenttothem.
Untiltechnologyoranti-spamlawsbecomemoreeffective,peoplearetakingsmallstepstofightspamontheirown.Forexample,onecomputerconsultanthascreatedemailaccountsforthespecificpurposeofattractingspam.Afterhereceivesspam,hesearchesforthesender.Hisgoalistocollectandpublicize"blacklists"ofspammers'Internetaddresses.Thesearethenincorporatedintospamfiltersthatblockanyemailcomingfromthoseaddresses.
Emailuserscantakeafeweasystepstofightspam.
·Don'tclickthe"unsubscribe"link.Onewouldthinkthat"unsubscribe"wouldtakeyouoffalist.However,spammershavetakenovertheunsubscribeoption,makingitaconfirmationofanactiveaccount.Itisbetterjusttodeletetheemail.
·Keepmanyemailaccounts.Byusingseparateaccountsforelectronicbusinessandpersonaluse,youcankeepyourpersonaladdresscleaner.
·Choosealongemailname.Useamixoflettersandnumbers.Thisdecreasesthechancethatacomputer-generatedemailaddresswillmatchyours.
·AvoidWeb-baseddiscussiongroups.SpammersfrequentlytakeaddressesfromtheInternet.Onlinegroups"areeasytofind.
·Avoidcontestsandsurveys.Again,spammersoftengatheraddressesfromtheWeb.
·Lookintonewfilteringsoftware.ISPsandotherfirmsoffermanycreativesolutionstospam.
EmailcommunicationhasbecomethefundamentalmeansofcommunicationintheInformationAge.However,itmaysoonbeconsidereduseless,asconsumersarechokingonspam.
Ifeverycompanyfreelysentunsolicitedcommercialadvertisements,junkemailwouldcompletelyoverrunus.Already,usersareavoidingtheInternetbecausetheydon'tlikethehuge"amountsofjunktheyareforcedtosee.
YES
ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage
NO
ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage35.
Spareisdefinedasanycommercialemail.36.
Spammersusesoftwaretoguessatemailaddresses.37.
Theonlywaytoslowspamistobuyasparefilter.38.
Choosethebestansweraccordingtothepassage.
68.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaproblemcausedbyspare?A
Emailusersarefrustrated.B
Companieslosemoney.C
Internetchatroomsattractmanyusers.D
Employeesloseworktim39.
WhatpositiondomajorISPstaketowardsspam?A
Theyencourageit.B
Theyareagainstit.C
Theythinkanti-sparelegislationviolatesindividualrights.D
Theyfindtheyjustcan'tdoanythingaboutit.40.
CompletetheSUMMARYbyusingonewordfromthepassageforeachblank.
Spammessagesareincreasingrapidlyandaresoonexpectedtomakeupabouthalfofallemailmessages.Using
(70)
methods,spammerscansendmillionsofemailswiththeclickofabutton.Anti-spammersstruggletokeepupwiththeirtactics,usingtrainedtechniciansandsoftwarefilterstominimisespam.Internetservice
(71)
areleadingthefightagainstspam,whichcoststhemandtheircustomersbillionsofdollarseachyear.Anti-spamtechnicianswatchtheflowofemailontheInternet,keepinganeyeoutformassmailings.However,spammersarehardtotrack,sincetheycaneasily
(72)
intheweboftechnology.Somesmallcompaniesaretryingtofightspambycollectingtheemailaddressesofspamsendersandpublicisingthem.Individualscanslowspamtoo,by
(73)
chatgroups,choosingalongeremailaddress,andkeepingmultipleaccounts.Still,inthelongrun,itmaytakenew
(74)
orstricterlawstostopspam.Inthemeantime,userswillcontinue
(75)
underhugequantitiesofspam.41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
PartⅤTranslationSectionA
TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesofthefollowingpassageintoChinese.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Itisnocoincidencethatthedevelopmentoftherelationshipbetweenourcountrieshasaccompaniedaperiodofpositivechange.(76)
Chinahasliftedhundredsofmillionsofpeopleoutofpoverty-anaccomplishmentunparalleledinhumanhistory—whileplayingalargerroleinglobalevents.TheUnitedStateshasseenoureconomyimprovealongwiththestandardoflivingenjoyedbyourpeople,whiletheColdWarwasbroughttoasuccessfulconclusion.
(77)ThereisaChineseproverb,"Considerthepast,andyoushallknowthefuture."Surely,wehaveknownsetbacksandchallengesoverthelast30years.Ourrelationshiphasnotbeenwithoutdisagreementanddifficulty.Butthenotionthatwemustbeadversariesisnotpredestined—notwhenweconsiderthepast.Indeed,becauseofourcooperation,boththeUnitedStatesandChinaaremoreprosperousandmoresecure.Wehaveseenwhatispossiblewhenwebuilduponourmutualinterests,andengageonthebasisofmutualrespect.
However,thesuccessofthatengagementdependsuponunderstanding,onsustaininganopendialogue,andlearningaboutoneanotherandfromoneanother.(78)JustastheAmericantabletennisplayer,ForrestGump,pointedout—wesharemuchincommonashumanbeings,butourcountriesaredifferentincertainways.
Ibelievethateachcountrymustchartitsowncourse.(79)Chinaisanancientnation,withadeeplyrootedculture.TheUnitedStatesbycomparison,isayoungnation,whosecultureisdeterminedbythemanydifferentimmigrantswhohavecometoourshores,andbythefoundingdocumentsthatguideourdemocracy.
Inadditiontoyourgrowingeconomy,weadmireChina'sextraordinarycommitmenttoscienceandresearch—acommitmentborneoutineverthingfromtheinfrastructureyoubuildtothetechnologyyouuse.Chinaisnowtheworld'slargestInternetuser—whichiswhyweweresopleasedtoincludetheInternetasapartoftoday'sevent.Thiscountry,nowhastheworld'slargestmobilephonenetwork,anditisinvestinginthenewformsofenergythatcanbothsustaingrowthandcombatclimatechange.I'mlookingforwardtodeepeningthepartnershipbetweentheUnitedStatesandChinainthiscriticalareatomorrow.(80)
However,aboveall,IseeChina'sfutureinyou—youngpeoplewhosetalent,dedicationanddreamswilldosomuchtohelpshapethe21stcentury.46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
SectionB
Translatethe.followingsentencesintoEnglish.Remembertowriteyouranswersontheanswersheet.我深深爱着祖国——古老而又年轻。
说她古老,她是一个有着数千年文明史东方大国。(81)中华民族以自己勤劳和智慧,创造了灿烂古代文明,对人类了展做出重大贡献。
说她年轻,新中国成立才60年,改革开放才30年。中国人民经过长久不懈斗争建立了新中国,又经过艰辛探索,终于找到了适合国情发展道路——中国特色社会主义道路,文明古国焕发了青春活力。
(82)中国改革开放,最主要是解放思想,最根本、最久远意义是体制创新。我们推进经济体制改革,建立了社会主义市场经济体制。在政府宏观调控下,充分发挥市场对资源配置基础性作用。我们深化政治体制改革,把发展民主和完善法制结合起来,实施人民当家作主,依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家。
(83)改革开放实质,就是坚持以人为本,经过解放和发展生产力满足人们日益增加物质文化需求,在公正条件下促进人全方面发展;就是保障人民民主权利,让国家政通人和、兴旺发达;就是维护人尊严和自由,让每个人智慧和力量得以进发,成功地追求自己幸福生活。
(84)30年来,中国贫困人口降低了2亿多,人均寿命提升了5岁,8300万残疾人得到了政府和社会特殊关
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