全国卷2021届高三英语下学期4月经典模拟题7含解析

（全国卷）2021届高三英语下学期4月经典模拟题7（含解析）(时间：120分钟满分：120分)选择题部分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。A（2021·宁夏银川市·银川一中高三月考）Manypeoplebelievethatgoldfishhaveathree-secondmemory.Infact,goldfishhaveverygoodmemoriesforfish.Theycanbetrainedtoreactinmanywaystocertaincolorsoflightanddifferentkindsofmusic.Researchershavesuccessfullytaughtgoldfishtoplayfetch,pushlevers,andevenplayfootball.Aroundacertainpersonthegoldfishareveryfamiliarwith,theywilloftenbemuchmoreactiveandevensometimesstopconsideringthepersonanykindofdanger,evenifthatpersonstickstheirhandinthewaterandtriestotouchthem.Aroundstrangers,ontheotherhand,thegoldfishwilloftenhide.Blindgoldfishalsoshowthissametypeofbehavior,excepttheyreacttothevoiceoftheirowner,similarlytohowthenon-blindgoldfishreacttothesightoftheirowner.Inoneexperiment,researchersevengotthegoldfishtolearnthatiftheypushedacertainleveratacertaintimeofday,theywouldgetfood.Iftheleverwaspushedanyothertimeofday,nothingwouldhappen.Inveryshortorder,thesegoldfishlearnedtoonlypushtheleverduringthetimeofdayitwouldproducefood;therestofthetime,theytooknonoticeofit.Inanotherexperiment,researcherstrainedyounggoldfishtoconnectacertainsoundwithfeedingtime.Theythenreleasedthemintothesea.Abouthalfayearlater,whenthefishwerefullygrown,theresearchersplayedthesoundoveraloudspeakerandthefishswamfromwherevertheywereinthesea,backtowheretheywerereleased.Thishasbeensuggestedasamethodtocutdownthecostofraisingfish.Teachthemtocomewhentheyareyoungandthenreleasethemintotheseaandlakestogrowtoadulthoodnaturally.It'sbetterfortheenvironmentandlesscrueltothefish(relativelyspeaking).1．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?A．Blindgoldfishcaneasilyrealizedangers.B．Goldfishareabletorecognizetheirowner.C．Goldfishdon’tliketobetouchedbystrangers.D．Blindgoldfishhavebetterhearingthannon-blindones.2．Whatdoesthefirstexperimentmainlyshow?A．Goldfishhaveagoodsenseoftime. B．Goldfisharegoodatpushinglevers.C．Goldfishcanplaygameswithpeople. D．Goldfishliketobefedatacertaintime.3．Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondexperiment?A．Goldfisharefullygrownwithinthreemonths.B．Goldfishpreferlivingintheseatolivinginthelake.C．Goldfishreactquicklytothesoundoverloudspeakers.D．Goldfishcanrememberthingstheyweretaughtalongtimeago.4．Inwhichpartofamagazinemaythetextappear?A．Education. B．Environment. C．Sport. D．Science.B（2021·黑龙江高三期末）Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(节奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesn’trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen’talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.5．Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A．Toreducepressureonkeys. B．Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C．Toreplacethepasswordsystem. D．Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.6．Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A．Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B．Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C．Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D．Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.7．Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A．It’llbeenvironment-friendly. B．It’llreachconsumerssoon.C．It’llbemadeofplastics. D．It’llhelpspeeduptyping.8．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Adiary. B．Aguidebook C．Anovel. D．Amagazine.C（2021·陕西高三月考）IfyouareplanningatourtoFrance,Septemberisoneofthebestchoices.Notonlywillyougettoenjoyplentyofsunshineandwarmweather,butthetouristseasonisbeginningtowinddown-whichmeanscheaperairfares,lowerpricesathotels,andfewercrowds.IfthisisyourfirsttriptoFrance,hereissomehandyinformationtohelpyou!VisitingMuseumsManymuseumsinFrancehaveextendedopeninghoursduringthesummertoadapttotheextratouristsfromhomeandabroad,andsomemuseumsalsohaveextendedopeninghoursintoSeptember.WanderingaroundtheLouvre（卢浮宫）willtakeyouintoawonderworld,whereyoucanenjoyworld-famousart.GoingoutoftheLouvre,youcanwalktothemodemandfashionableChumpsElyseestodosomeshopping.TakingaCruise（乘船游览）Thetemperaturesareslightlylower,butplentyofsunshinemakesforperfectconditionstoenjoyabargecruiseonthecanalsofFrance.Willisuchcomfortableweatherandbeautifulsceneryatthistimeofyear,nothingequalshangingoutonthedeckofabarge.WineTastingSeptemberisthebeginningofthegrapeharvestseasoninFrancemeaningthereareplentyofwine-relatedeventsandfestivalsaroundthecountry.SoSeptemberisagreattimetovisitthevineyards(葡萄园）aroundthecountryandgowinetasting.TheBordeaux,LoireandBurgundyregionsarealllovelyandgreatplacestovisitvineyards.Besidesthat,goingtothecastlesoftheLoireregionbetweenvisitingvineyardsonsuchwarmandsunnydaysisalsoveryenjoyable.Besidestheabove,ridingabikethroughFrance'svillagesisalsoawelcomeactivityforyoungvisitorsinSeptember.So,don'thesitateandstarttoplanyourSeptembertriptoFrancenow.9．WhendomanyFrenchmuseumsextendtheiropeninghours?A．InJan.&Feb.. B．InApr.&May.C．InAug.&Sep.. D．InNov.&Dec..10．Whereshouldyougoifyouwanttovisitbothvineyardsandcastles?A．Bordeaux. B．Loire. C．Burgundy. D．ChampsElysees.11．HowdoyoulikeFranceinSeptember?A．Warmbutcrowded. B．Coolbutmuchnoisy.C．Coldandlessnoisy. D．Sunnyandlesscrowded.D（2021·青海西宁市·高三期末）Everyday,wehavemessagestogivepeoplethroughPost-itNotes.Theyhaveaspecialglueontheedge（边缘）ofthepaper.Theyarestickysothatyoucanleavethemanywhereandtheywon’tfalloff.Youcanreusethenotesbecausethespecialglueonthebackdoesn’twearoffeasily.WhoinventedPost-itNotes?ArtFrywasascientistwhoworkedforthefamous3MCompany.Heneededabookmarkthatstayedinplacebutdidn’ttear（撕）thepagewhenhewantedtoremoveit.Sohetooksomeoftheweakglueafriendmadeandputitonthebackofayellowpieceofpaper.Thenhewroteareporttohisbossandputtheyellowstickypaperonthetoppage.Hisbosstookoffthenote,wroteananswer,stuckthepaperbackon,andsentitback.ThiswasthebeginningofPost-itNotes.Itwasanewandcreativewaytocommunicate.Today,Post-itNotesareoneofthemostpopularofficeproducts.Everyoneusesthemformanydifferentpurposes.Onemanusedonetowriteamarriageproposal（求婚）andputitonhisgirlfriend’sfrontdoor.Shewroteheranswerandputthenotebackonhisdoor.Onemotherputanoteonthebackofherson’scarbeforeheleftonalongtrip.Whenhearrived,hefoundthenote.After3,000miles,itwasstillonthecar.Oneuniversitystudentwaswaitinginthebusstationandstartedtofeelsleepy.Shedidn’twanttomissherbussosheputPost-itNotesalloverherself.Thenotesaskedpeopletowakeherupintimeforherbus.Shedidfallasleepbutherplanworked.Someonesawthenotesandwokeherup.TherearePost-itNotestopleaseeveryone’stastes.YoucanbuyPost-itNotesinfiftydifferentcolors,twenty-sevendifferentsizes,andfifty-sixdifferentshapes.Morethan400Post-itproductsaresoldinmorethan100countriesaroundtheworld.ArtFryshouldbeproudofhisinvention.12．WhatdoweknowaboutPost-itNotes?A．Theyuseastronggluetobestickyenough. B．Theyareusedtoleavemessages.C．Theyareone-offproducts. D．Theyfalloffeasily.13．ArtFrygottheideaofPost-itNoteswhen.A．hewasmakingsomeglue B．hewasdiscussingwithhisbossC．hecreativelygluedatornreport D．heaccidentallycreatedabookmark14．WhydidtheuniversitystudentcoverherselfinPost-itNotes?A．Toasksomeonetowakeherupintime.B．Topreventherselffromfallingasleep.C．Tofindoutwhattimethebusleft.D．Totellotherstoleaveheralone.15．WhatcanwelearnabouttheprogressofPost-itNotes?A．Theyarepopularinmanyplaces.B．Theyrequiredesignimprovement.C．Theyhavefailedtomeeteveryone’sneeds.D．TheywouldnotsatisfyArtFry’sexpectation.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2021·陕西西安市·西安中学高三二模）Everyday,wearefacedwithchallengesanduncertainties.Whilethesearethingsthatareoutofourcontrol,wecanmostcertainlycontrolhowwereactandfeelinsuchsituations.16．Optimismisasimpleyetpowerfulmindsetthatcanaffectusinmanyways.Anoptimistwillbemorecommittedtowardshisgoals.Whensomepeoplesetagoaltheydon’taccountfortheproblemstheyruninto.Theyviewthemasbarriersthatcan’theremoved.Thisiswhytheminutesomethingdoesn’tgoasplannedtheystarttoshrinkandgiveup.17．Infact,anoptimisticpersonwillmerelylookattheproblemsasnewexperiencesandnewpossibilities.Heunderstandsthatfailureisjustpartoftheprocessandwelcomesitwithopenarms.18．AsurveyconductedbyGallupfoundthatonly35percentofUSmanagersareoccupiedintheirjobs.ThislackofdevotionanditsinfluenceonemployeescoststheUSapproximately$77billionto$96billioneachyear.Optimisticleaderscanhelpmotivatetheiremployees.19．Aboveall,optimismoffersahealthierandlongerlife.AstudyfromtheUniversityofPittsburghconcludedthatthosewhohaveanoptimisticviewpointhavea30percentlowerriskofheartdisease.20．Additionally,researchpublishedintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalfoundthatoptimistsarelesslikelytoexperiencedisabilitiesastheygetolderandenduplivinglonger.Inlife,movementandgrowthisimportantandnecessary,whichoptimismhelpsusachieve.A．Theyseefailureasanewstart.B．Wecanlearntokeepoptimistic.C．Optimistsalsospreadagoodatmosphere.D．Theythinkaboutpossiblepositiveoutcomes.E.That’sbecausetheyaregenerallyhappierandlessstressed.F.Ontheotherhand,anoptimisticpersonismoreopentoproblems.G.Similarly,havingapositiveattitudecaninspireeveryonearoundus.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2020·西藏日喀则上海实验学校高三月考）Oncetherewasabillionaire，whogotasevereeyeirritation(发炎)．Hegotafamousdoctorto21hiseye.Thedoctoradvisedhimto22brightlightforonemonthsohecouldhealnaturally.Immediatelytherichman23allhiswindows，andreplacedallthebrightandcolorfulcurtainswithdullcloth.Healso24allthebrightchandeliers(枝形吊灯)．Inoneword，hemadeallhishouse25．Onemonthlater，thedoctorpaidavisittothebillionairetoaskaboutthe26ofhiseyes.Tothedoctor’s27，everythinginthehousehadbeenmadedarkanddull.Thenthedoctorsaid，“Yourcommonsenseshouldhavetoldyouthatyoucanbuyapairof28toprotectyoureyefrombrightlight29spendingsomuchmoneyonallthesethingstomakeyourhousedarker.”Thesamephenomenon30allofus.Weoftenseemany31inothers.Wearevery32tochangetheattitudeandbehaviorofotherswhichdoesn’t33ourown.Wehavemanylikesanddislikes.34otherpeoplealsohave.Butweareofteninterestedinimposing(把……强加于)ouropinionandthinkingonothers35wenevermadeanyerror.Accordinglywewantto36thisworldwithourownrulesandtheory.However，we37thatotherpeoplewhosharethisworldequallywithusalsothinkinasimilarwayand38ustobehaveaccordingtotheirwishes.Thenwho39yourthinking？Inordertobringaboutcertainchangeinthepeoplearoundus，firstitis“we”thathavetochange.40，anyneededchangecanoccuronlywhenitstartswithus.21．A．treat B．open C．shade D．test22．A．enjoy B．produce C．provide D．avoid23．A．dressed B．closed C．cleaned D．broke24．A．bought B．advertised C．removed D．decorated25．A．pretty B．dark C．noble D．tidy26．A．growth B．function C．recovery D．shape27．A．delight B．horror C．surprise D．excitement28．A．shoes B．trousers C．gloves D．sunglasses29．A．insteadof B．incaseof C．inspiteof D．intermsof30．A．respondsto B．appliesto C．turnsto D．sticksto31．A．advantages B．mistakes C．differences D．adventures32．A．sure B．proud C．able D．eager33．A．suit B．keep C．feel D．make34．A．Luckily B．Gradually C．Similarly D．Finally35．A．sothat B．evenif C．asif D．nowthat36．A．view B．lead C．travel D．change37．A．regret B．think C．doubt D．forget38．A．expect B．force C．allow D．advise39．A．caresabout B．searchesfor C．worriesabout D．preparesfor40．A．However B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．Besides非选择题部分第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（2021·陕西高三月考）Locationisafactorthatcannot41．(ignore)whenchoosingauniversity.Somepeopleliketheconvenienceofbigcities,42．otherslikethetranquility(宁静)ofasmallercollegetown.Ifstudentschoosetostudyabroad,isitimportanttochooseabigcity?Before43．(answer)thequestion,let'stake44．lookatstudentsstudyinginChina.ManystudentsprefertostudyinbigcitieslikeBeijingorShanghai.Inabigcity,studentscangetalmostanywheretheyneedtobewithconvenienttransportation.Studentscaneasilyaccessmuseums,concerts,45．(theater)andculturaleventsalmostallofthetime.Also,internships,cooperativeclassesandothercareer-boosting,experiencesaremuchmoreaccessible.However.studentsstudyinginbigcitieswill46．(typical)faceahighercostofliving.Eventhoughthere47．(be)moreopportunitiestogooutanddofunthingsinthecity,itmaytakefocusawayfromyourstudies.Thatmightbepartofthereason48．manystudentspreferacollegeinasmalltown.Besidesthe49．(low)costoflivingandfewerdistractions,there'sacloserfeelingofcommunityamongstudents.Sowhenonechoosesthelocationofyourfutureuniversity,bothbigcitiesandsmalltownscanbeperfect.Thepointistoconsideryourownpersonalpreferencesandlisten50．yourheart,personalneedsandcareergoals-thenyouwillfindthebestoptionforyou.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节、改错（满分10分）（2020·西藏日喀则上海实验学校高三月考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I’vehadmanydreamssinceIwasachild.Nowmydreamistoopensacafe.Thoughitmayappearsimple,itrequiredalotofideasandefforts.WhatIwantisnotjustanordinarilycafebutaveryspecialone.Iwantmycafehaveaspecialthemesuchaslike“TangDynasty”.Inthecafe,customerswillenjoyyourselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhatiscreatedforthem.IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore.Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferentcity.Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandanuniquestyle.第二节、提纲类作文（满分25分）（2021·陕西西安市·西安中学高三二模）假定你是李华。你们学校将举办为期一周的中国书法展(calligraphyexhibition)，请用英语给你们学校的校外留学生Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他去观看展览。内容包括：1.时间和地点；2.展览内容及主要内容；3.邀请他前去观展。注意：1.词数120左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．B2．A3．D4．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于金鱼的研究发现，研究人员通过实验发现金鱼能认出它们的主人，而且有很好的时间感。1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Aroundacertainpersonthegoldfishareveryfamiliarwith,theywilloftenbemuchmoreactiveandevensometimesstopconsideringthepersonanykindofdanger,evenifthatpersonstickstheirhandinthewaterandtriestotouchthem.Aroundstrangers,ontheotherhand,thegoldfishwilloftenhide.Blindgoldfishalsoshowthissametypeofbehavior,excepttheyreacttothevoiceoftheirowner,similarlytohowthenon-blindgoldfishreacttothesightoftheirowner.(在金鱼非常熟悉的某个人身边，它们通常会更加活跃，有时甚至会不认为这个人有任何危险，即使那个人把手伸到水里试图摸它们。而在陌生人身边，金鱼往往会躲起来。失明的金鱼也表现出同样的行为，除了它们会对主人的声音做出反应，就像非失明的金鱼对主人的视线做出反应一样)”可推断，第二段主要告诉我们金鱼能认出它们的主人。故选B。2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Inveryshortorder,thesegoldfishlearnedtoonlypushtheleverduringthetimeofdayitwouldproducefood;therestofthetime,theytooknonoticeofit.(在很短的时间内，这些金鱼学会了只在一天中产生食物的时间里推动操作杆；在其余的时间里，他们都不理会操作杆)”可知，第一个实验主要说明了金鱼有很好的时间感。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Inanotherexperiment,researcherstrainedyounggoldfishtoconnectacertainsoundwithfeedingtime.Theythenreleasedthemintothesea.Abouthalfayearlater,whenthefishwerefullygrown,theresearchersplayedthesoundoveraloudspeakerandthefishswamfromwherevertheywereinthesea,backtowheretheywerereleased.(在另一项实验中，研究人员训练幼金鱼将某种声音与进食时间联系起来。然后他们把这些鱼放生到海里。大约半年后，当这些鱼完全长大时，研究人员通过扬声器播放这一声音，这些鱼就会从它们在海里的地方游回它们被放回的地方)”可知，从第二个试验中，能得知金鱼能记住很久以前别人教它们的东西。故选D。4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Manypeoplebelievethatgoldfishhaveathree-secondmemory.Infact,goldfishhaveverygoodmemoriesforfish.Theycanbetrainedtoreactinmanywaystocertaincolorsoflightanddifferentkindsofmusic.Researchershavesuccessfullytaughtgoldfishtoplayfetch,pushlevers,andevenplayfootball.(许多人相信金鱼有三秒钟的记忆。事实上，金鱼对鱼有很好的记忆力。经过训练，它们可以对特定颜色的光和不同种类的音乐做出多种反应。研究人员已经成功教会金鱼玩捡东西、推杠杆，甚至踢足球)”结合文章主要介绍了一些关于金鱼的研究发现，研究人员通过实验发现金鱼能认出它们的主人，而且有很好的时间感。可推知，文章最可能出自杂志的“科学”部分。故选D。5．D6．C7．B8．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普遍，而指纹扫描等这些防盗技术仍然很昂贵的。本文介绍了一种新的防止个人身份和数据在电子空间被盗的高科技智能键盘，而且这项技术也不贵。5．细节理解题。根据第一段的Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.和第二段的ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevicethatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.可知，研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选D。6．细节理解题。根据第二段的Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities可知，用户打字的力度和按键之间的时间是不同的，这使得智能键盘能够识别人。故选C。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段的Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.可知，研究者们希望智能键盘能早日面世。故选B。8．推理判断题。本文介绍了一种新的防止个人身份和数据在电子空间被盗的高科技智能键盘，由此可推断本文最有可能来自于一本科学杂志。故选D。9．C10．B11．D【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章对九月的法国旅行行程建议进行了详细说明。9．推理判断题。根据VisitingMuseums部分第一句“ManymuseumsinFrancehaveextendedopeninghoursduringthesummertoadapttotheextratouristsfromhomeandabroad,andsomemuseumsalsohaveextendedopeninghoursintoSeptember.”（法国的许多博物馆都延长了夏季的开放时间，以适应来自国内外的额外游客，一些博物馆还将开放时间延长到9月）可知，法国的许多博物馆会在夏天延长开放时间，甚至还延长到9月，故选C。10．细节理解题。根据WineTasting部分第一段“TheBordeaux,LoireandBurgundyregionsarealllovelyandgreatplacestovisitvineyards.Besidesthat,goingtothecastlesoftheLoireregionbetweenvisitingvineyardsonsuchwarmandsunnydaysisalsoveryenjoyable.”（波尔多、卢瓦尔和勃艮第地区都是参观葡萄园的好地方。除此之外，在这样温暖阳光明媚的日子里，在参观葡萄园的间隙去参观卢瓦尔地区的城堡也是非常愉快的）可知，在卢瓦尔可以同时参观葡萄园和城堡。故选B。11．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Notonlywillyougettoenjoyplentyofsunshineandwarmweather,butthetouristseasonisbeginningtowinddown-whichmeanscheaperairfares,lowerpricesathotels,andfewercrowds.”（你不仅可以享受到充足的阳光和温暖的天气，而且旅游季节也即将结束——这意味着更便宜的机票、更低的酒店价格和更少的人群）可知，九月的法国阳光明媚而且还不拥挤。故选D。12．B13．D14．A15．A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章简述了便利贴的来源以及它的用途。12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Everyday,wehavemessagestogivepeoplethroughPost-itNotes.Theyhaveaspecialglueontheedge（边缘）ofthepaper.Theyarestickysothatyoucanleavethemanywhereandtheywon’tfalloff.Youcanreusethenotesbecausethespecialglueonthebackdoesn’twearoffeasily.”（每天，我们都有信息通过便利贴传递给人们。他们在纸的边缘有一种特殊的胶水。它们很粘，所以你可以把它们放在任何地方，它们不会掉下来。你可以重复使用这些纸币，因为背面的特殊胶水不容易磨损。）可知，便利贴是用来留言的。故选B项。13．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“WhoinventedPost-itNotes?ArtFrywasascientistwhoworkedforthefamous3MCompany.Heneededabookmarkthatstayedinplacebutdidn’ttear(撕)thepagewhenhewantedtoremoveit.Sohetooksomeoftheweakglueafriendmadeandputitonthebackofayellowpieceofpaper.Thenhewroteareporttohisbossandputtheyellowstickypaperonthetoppage.Hisbosstookoffthenote,wroteananswer,stuckthepaperbackon,andsentitback.ThiswasthebeginningofPost-itNotes.Itwasanewandcreativewaytocommunicate.”（谁发明了便利贴？ArtFry是一位在著名的3M公司工作的科学家。他需要一个书签，该书签可以保留在原处，但当他想要该书签是，他又不需要撕掉该页面。所以他拿了一些朋友做的弱胶，把它放在一张黄色的纸的背面。然后他写了一份报告给他的老板，并把黄色的粘性纸在第一页。他的老板取下纸条，写了一个答案，把纸贴回去，然后寄了回去。这就是便利贴的起源。这是一种新的、有创意的交流方式。）可知，便利贴的想法来源于ArtFry无意中创造的书签。故选D项。14．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Oneuniversitystudentwaswaitinginthebusstationandstartedtofeelsleepy.Shedidn’twanttomissherbussosheputPost-itNotesalloverherself.Thenotesaskedpeopletowakeherupintimeforherbus.Shedidfallasleepbutherplanworked.Someonesawthenotesandwokeherup.”（一个大学生在汽车站等车时开始犯困。她不想错过公交车，所以她把便利贴贴在身上。这些纸条要求人们在她乘坐公共汽车时叫醒她。她的确睡着了，但她的计划成功了。有人看到了纸条，叫醒了她。）可知，一个大学生将便利贴贴身上是为了让人们能及时叫醒她。故选A项。15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Morethan400Post-itproductsaresoldinmorethan100countriesaroundtheworld.ArtFryshouldbeproudofhisinvention.”（400多种便利贴产品在全球100多个国家销售。ArtFry应该为他的发明感到骄傲。）可知，便利贴在全球的很多地方都很受欢迎。故选A项。16．B17．F18．C19．G20．E【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了乐观是一种简单而有力的心态，可以在许多方面影响我们。16．根据空格前一句“Whilethesearethingsthatareoutofourcontrol,wecanmostcertainlycontrolhowwereactandfeelinsuchsituations.(虽然这些都是我们无法控制的事情，但我们可以很肯定地控制我们在这种情况下的反应和感受)”可知，我们虽然有很多不能控制的事情，但是却能控制我们的反映和感受；再结合文章下文“Optimismisasimpleyetpowerfulmindsetthatcanaffectusinmanyways.(乐观是一种简单而有力的心态，可以在许多方面影响我们)”可知，空格处应该引入乐观这一主题。B项Wecanlearntokeepoptimistic(我们可以学习乐观)引出乐观这个主题。故选B。17．根据空格前“Whensomepeoplesetagoaltheydon’taccountfortheproblemstheyruninto.Theyviewthemasbarriersthatcan’theremoved.Thisiswhytheminutesomethingdoesn’tgoasplannedtheystarttoshrinkandgiveup.(当一些人设定目标时，他们没有考虑他们遇到的问题。他们将其视为无法消除的障碍。这就是为什么一旦事情没有按计划进行，他们就会开始退缩和放弃)”可知，有些人在制定目标时没有考虑会存在的问题，所以会经常放弃。然后结合空格后“Infact,anoptimisticpersonwillmerelylookattheproblemsasnewexperiencesandnewpossibilities.(事实上，乐观的人只会把这些问题看成是新的经历和新的可能性)”可知，空格处应该陈述乐观主义者在遇到问题时该怎么办。F项Ontheotherhand,anoptimisticpersonismoreopentoproblems(另一方面，乐观的人更容易面对问题)陈述了乐观者面对问题的态度，承上启下。故选F。18．根据下文“AsurveyconductedbyGallupfoundthatonly35percentofUSmanagersareoccupiedintheirjobs.ThislackofdevotionanditsinfluenceonemployeescoststheUSapproximately$77billionto$96billioneachyear.Optimisticleaderscanhelpmotivatetheiremployees.(盖洛普公司开展的一项调查发现，美国只有35%的经理在专心工作。这种缺乏奉献精神及其对员工的影响每年使美国损失约770亿至960亿美元。乐观的领导者可以帮助激励他们的员工)”可知，在公司中，如果领导是个乐观的人，公司的效益会很好。相反地，如果领导缺乏奉献精神那么会造成巨大的损失。由此推知，本段主要在讲述，在公司之中需要良好的氛围，这样可以带动大家。C项Optimistsalsospreadagoodatmosphere(乐观主义者也传播了一种良好的氛围)满足本段段意。故选C。19．根据空格前一句“Optimisticleaderscanhelpmotivatetheiremployees(乐观的领导者可以帮助激励他们的员工)”可知，此处在陈述乐观的领导者会带动他的员工。由此推知，下文应该讲述乐观的人也会带动周围的人。G项Similarly,havingapositiveattitudecaninspireeveryonearoundus(同样，积极的态度可以激励我们周围的每一个人)承接上文。故选G。20．根据空格前一句“Pittsburghconcludedthatthosewhohaveanoptimisticviewpointhavea30percentlowerriskofheartdisease.(匹兹堡大学的一项研究得出结论，那些乐观的人患心脏病的风险降低了30%)”可知，乐观的人患心脏病的风险降低了30%，由此推知下文应该分析这一现象产生的原因。E项That’sbecausetheyaregenerallyhappierandlessstressed(这是因为他们通常更快乐，压力也更小)陈述了这个原因。故选E。21．A22．D23．B24．C25．B26．C27．C28．D29．A30．B31．B32．D33．A34．C35．C36．D37．D38．A39．A40．B【分析】本文是议论文。我们总是喜欢将自己的想法强加于他人，我们想要用自己的规则和理论“改变(change)”世界。我们“忘记(forget)”了他人也和我们想法一样，也想改变别人。因此作者建议大家不要总想改变别人；改变应从自身开始.21．考察动词，A.treat对待；B.open打开；C.shade阴影；D.test测试，由上文的asevereeyeirritation及afamousdoctor可知，富豪找到一位名医“治疗(treat)”他的眼睛。故选A.22．考察动词，A.enjoy享受；B.produce生产；C.provide提供；D.avoid避免，由下文的everythinginthehousehadbeenmadedarkanddull.家里的一切都要弄成黑色可推断，医生建议富豪应“避免(avoid)”强光。故选D.23．考察动词，A.dressed穿衣；B.closed关闭；C.cleaned打扫；D.broke弄断，根据空格前的医生建议富豪避免接触强光，可知这个富豪马上把家里窗户关闭。故选B.24．考察动词，A.bought带来；B.chose选择；C.removed移动，撤掉；D.decorated装饰，富豪要避免强光应当就会“关闭(closed)”所有的窗户，“撤掉(removed)”明亮的枝形吊灯。故选C.25．考察形容词，A.pretty漂亮的；B.dark漆黑的；C.nice美好的；D.tidy整洁的，由上文的therichman...allthebrightchandeliers富豪“关闭(closed)”所有的窗户，“撤掉明亮的枝形吊灯。可推断，富豪把整个家弄得很“黑暗(dark)”。故选B.26．考察名词，A.growth成长；B.function功能；C.recovery恢复；D.shape形状，由上文的asevereeyeirritation富豪患了严重的眼疾，以及医嘱可推断，过了一段时间，医生来询问富豪的眼睛的“康复(recovery)”情况。故选C.27．考察名词，A.happiness快乐；B.honor荣誉；C.surprise惊讶；D.excitement兴奋，由下文医生所说的话可推断，当他看见富豪家里一片昏暗时感到很“惊讶(surprise)”。故选C.28．考察名词，A.shoes鞋子；B.trousers裤子；C.gloves手套；D.sunglasses太阳镜，根据医生的建议得知：富豪应该买一副太阳镜来保护他的眼睛不受强光照射。一副“墨镜(sunglasses)”就可以使眼睛避开强光。故选D.29．考察介词短语，A.insteadof而不是；B.accordingto根据；C.incaseof以防万一；D.inorderto为了，一副“墨镜(sunglasses)”就可以使眼睛避开强光，“而不(insteadof)”需要花很多钱使所有东西都变暗。，故选A.30．考察动词短语，A.reactto反应；B.happensto发生；C.turnsto转向某人；D.devotesto致力于，发生在富豪身上的这种事同样发生在我们身上。故选B.31．考察名词，A.advantages优点；B.mistakes错误；C.differences不同；D.adventures奇遇，冒险，由下段中的wenevermadeanyerror可知，我们总是看到别人的很多“错误(mistakes)”。故选B.32．考察形容词，A.sure肯定的；B.beneficial有益的；C.able能够的；D.eager渴望的，由下段中的weareofteninterestedinimposingouropinionandthinkingonothers可推断，我们总是“急于想(eager)”改变他人的态度和行为。故选D.33．考察动词，A.suit合适；B.keep保持；C.feel感觉；D.make制作，我们想改变他人的态度和行为中与我们不“相一致(suit)”的部分。故选A.34．考察副词，A.Luckily幸运地；B.Gradually逐渐地；C.Similarly同样地；D.Finally最后，由下文的alsohave可知，我们有很多喜欢和不喜欢的东西，“同样地(Similarly)”，其他人也有。故选C.35．考察关系词，A.sothat因此；B.evenif即使；C.asif好像；D.nowthat既然，我们总是喜欢将自己的想法强加于他人，“似乎(asif)”我们从不犯错。故选C.36．考察动词，A.view看待，观点；B.lead领导；C.travel旅行；D.change改变，由上文的weareofteninterestedinimposin