河南省商开大联考2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题Word版含解析

2020-2021学年河南省商开大联考高二下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howdidthewomangotoworkbefore?A.Bybike.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aholidayplan.B.Weather.C.Family.3.Whatdoesthewomanplantodofirstintheafternoon?A.Gotothebank.B.Prepareforaseminar.C.Seethedentist.4.Whatisthewomangoingtoclean?A.Thetoilets.B.Thebedrooms.C.Thelivingroom.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Workmates.C.Neighbors.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendoesthemanfinishclasses?A.At4:30pm.B.At5:00pm.C.At5:30pm.7.Whatkindofexercisedoesthemanusuallydoattheweekend?A.Swimming.B.Hiking.C.Running.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatfooddoesthewomandislike?A.Seafood.B.Vegetables.C.Beef.9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheseaside.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inarestaurant.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewoman?A.Ahostess.B.Asportswoman.C.Areporter.11.Onwhichdaywillthefitnesscenterbeopen?A.June16.B.July10.C.August21.12.Whatcanpeopleplayindoorsinthesportscenter?A.Tennis.B.Volleyball.C.Football.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.Makealist.B.Finishareport.C.Dosomeshopping.14.Forwhomdoesthewomanbuysomechocolate?A.Theman.B.Herson.C.Herself.15.Whatwillthewomanbuylast?A.Fruits.B.Chicken.C.Vegetables.16.Wherearethespeakersgoingtomeet?A.Atthecheck-out.B.Attheexit.C.Attheentrance.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wheredoesthejourneyend?A.Onthebridge.B.Intheparkinglot.C.Bythesideoftheriver.18Howlongwillthejourneylast?A.Abouttwohours.B.Aboutthreehours.C.Aboutfourhours.19Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthelistenersdo?A.Takecameras.B.Goswimming.C.Drawpictures.20.Whatissafeforthelisteners?A.Enteringthewoodsquietly.B.Leavingthebearsalone.C.Goingoffthegroup.第二部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGoneabittoohardonthewalletlately?Theseawesomeevents,pop-upsandexhibitionswillletyouhaveagoodtimewithoutspendingacoin.WanderingStarsMay26~June6ThegreatwinterfestivalwilllandinMelbourneattheendofMay.Andwithitcomesa200-metre-longlanternsculptureintheshapeofagianteel(巨型鳗鱼).Start(orend!)yournightoutwithawalkalongBirrarungMarrtobeamazedbythiswonderfulnewglowingartpiece.FOMOfreebiesUntilJune4Wantfreestuff(东西)?Ofcourseyoudo!OnFridaynightsuntilJune4,freebiepop-upswillbesurprisingMelburniansacrossthecity.Thinkcandygiveaways,freedrinks,foodieprizesandmore.DetailswillberevealedontheWhat'sOnMelbourneInsatgram.Freelunchtimemusicpop-upsUntilMay15TakeabreatherfromyourworkdayandchillinMelbourne'sgreenoutdoorspaces.Localmusicianswillplayeverythingfromsweetacoustic(原声的)tunestojazz.UpcomingsessionsrunatBulukParkandBoydPark,withahandfulofspecialperformancesforYirramboi.FlindersQuarterAugmentedArtWalkJune18〜July2Backbypopulardemandistherealityartwalksensationfrom2019.Seeiconiclaneways,hiddenshopsandamazingarchitectureasitgetstakenoverbylivingartdisplays.Thisyear'swalkfeatures12lovelycreationsbyawesomelocalartists.DownloadtheEyeJackappandgetexploring!1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinWanderingStars?A.Learntomakelanterns. B.Appreciateaglowingartpiece.C.Tastedeliciousfish. D.Climbvariousgiantsculptures.2.Whichofthefollowingshouldjazzloverschoosetoattend?A.WanderingStars. B.FOMOfreebies.C.Freelunchtimemusicpop-ups. D.FlindersQuarterAugmentedArtWalk.3.Whencanyouenjoythearchitectureart?A.OnMay15. B.OnMay26. C.OnJune4. D.OnJune18.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了可以参加的四个免费活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据WanderingStars中的“Start(orend!)yournightoutwithawalkalongBirrarungMarrtobeamazedbythiswonderfulnewglowingartpiece.（开始(或结束)你的夜晚，沿着BirrarungMarr散步，你会为这一美妙的新的发光艺术品而惊叹）”可知，在WanderingStars可以欣赏发光艺术品。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Freelunchtimemusicpop-ups中的“TakeabreatherfromyourworkdayandchillinMelbourne'sgreenoutdoorspaces.Localmusicianswillplayeverythingfromsweetacoustic(原声的)tunestojazz.（在墨尔本绿色的户外空间放松一下你的工作日。当地音乐家将演奏各种音乐，从甜美的原声音乐到爵士乐）”可知，爵士乐爱好者可知参加Freelunchtimemusicpop-ups，故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据FlindersQuarterAugmentedArtWalk中的“Backbypopulardemandistherealityartwalksensationfrom2019.Seeiconiclaneways,hiddenshopsandamazingarchitectureasitgetstakenoverbylivingartdisplays.（受大众需求回归的是2019年的现实艺术漫步感。看到标志性的小巷，隐藏的商店和令人惊叹的建筑，因为它被生活的艺术展示所接管）”可知想要欣赏建筑艺术，可以参加FlindersQuarterAugmentedArtWalk，它的时间是June18〜July2（6月18日到7BSuMin,a56-year-oldretireefromHenanProvinceincentralChina,hasneverbeenhappier.Afteraccomplishingherfamily'sexpectationsofdutifulChinesewomanhood,Ms.Suisholdinganewidentity:fearlessroad-tripper.Forsixmonths,thisChineseaunthasbeenonasolodriveacrossChina,documentingherjourneyformorethan1.35millionfollowersacrossseveralsocialmediaplatforms.Beforelastfall,Ms.Suhadrarelytraveled.Butshehadlongbeenfondoftheideaofdriving.GrowingupinTibet,shesometimesmissedtheschoolbushomeandhadtowalk12milesthroughthemountains.Eachtimeatruckpassedby,sheimaginedsittingbehindthewheel,safeandcomfortable.Butcarswererare,andhavingoneseemedimpossible.Then,inlate2019,shecameacrossavideoonlineofsomeoneintroducingtheircampinggearwhileonasoloroadtrip.Sherememberedherchildhooddreamofdriving—thefreedomandcomfortithadrepresented.Overthefollowingmonths,shewatchedeveryvideoshecouldfindaboutroadtrips.Shetookplentifulnotes:whichappstheyusedtofindcampsitesandwhichtrickstheyhadforsavingmoney.Soon,shemadeuphermind:Oncehergrandsonsenteredpreschool,shewouldembarkonatripofherown.Shehadboughtasmallwhitecarseveralyearsearlier,withhersavingsandamonthlypensionofaround$300.Inhervideos,shewashappyathernewfoundfreedom.Shecouldgowherevershewantedandstopatanyplacesheliked.Still,Ms.Sublusheswhenaskedabouthernewfame.“IttookmesomanyyearstorealizethatIhadtoliveformyself.”Shepaused,“It'ssomethingI'mwakingupto,notsomethingthatIjustam.”4.WhywasSuMin'schildhoodmentioned?A.Topraiseshehasastrongwill. B.Totellusshehadatoughchildhood.C.Toblamethesloweconomicdevelopment. D.Toshowthebackgroundofherlovefortravel.5.Whatdoesthephrase“embarkon”inparagraph3mean?A.Finish. B.Shorten. C.Start. D.Cancel.6.WhatdidSuMincometorealizeaccordingtothetext?A.Sheshouldhavealifeofherown. B.Sheshouldsaveasmuchaspossible.C.Hermonthlypensionwasgenerous. D.Shecouldmakealivingbysellingvideos.7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.SuMin'sIdentityWonWorldAttentionB.AChineseAuntWentonaSoloRoadTripC.ARetiredTravellerMakesthePublicAstonishedD.MillionsofFollowersMakeSuMin'sDreamComeTrue【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了56岁的中国阿姨苏敏独自驾车穿越中国，在多个社交媒体平台上记录了她的旅程，吸引了135万名粉丝。介绍了她开始这一行动的背景知识和感悟。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Beforelastfall,Ms.Suhadrarelytraveled.Butshehadlongbeenfondoftheideaofdriving.GrowingupinTibet,shesometimesmissedtheschoolbushomeandhadtowalk12milesthroughthemountains.Eachtimeatruckpassedby,sheimaginedsittingbehindthewheel,safeandcomfortable.Butcarswererare,andhavingoneseemedimpossible.Then,inlate2019,shecameacrossavideoonlineofsomeoneintroducingtheircampinggearwhileonasoloroadtrip.Sherememberedherchildhooddreamofdriving—thefreedomandcomfortithadrepresented.(去年秋天之前，苏女士很少旅行。但她早就喜欢开车了。在西藏长大的她，有时会错过校车回家，不得不走12英里的山路。每次有卡车经过，她都会想象自己坐在车里，既安全又舒适。但当时汽车很少，拥有一辆似乎是不可能的。然后，在2019年底，她在网上看到了一个视频，有人在独自旅行时介绍他们的露营装备。她想起了儿时开车的梦想——那代表着自由和舒适)”可推知，提到苏敏的童年是为了表明她热爱旅行的背景。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Soon,shemadeuphermind:Oncehergrandsonsenteredpreschool,shewould”以及后文“atripofherown.Shehadboughtasmallwhitecarseveralyearsearlier,withhersavingsandamonthlypensionofaround$300.”可知，苏敏下定决心一旦她的孙子们上了学前班，她就要开始自己的旅行，并且几年前，她用自己的积蓄和每月大约300美元的养老金买了一辆白色小车。故画线词意思是“开始”。A.Finish.结束；B.Shorten.缩短；C.Start.开始；D.Cancel.取消。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中““IttookmesomanyyearstorealizethatIhadtoliveformyself.”Shepaused,“It'ssomethingI'mwakingupto,notsomethingthatIjustam.”(“我花了很多年才意识到，我必须为自己而活。”她停顿了一下，“这是我正在觉醒的东西，而不是我本来的样子。”)”可知，苏敏认识到了她应该有自己的生活。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“SuMin,a56-year-oldretireefromHenanProvinceincentralChina,hasneverbeenhappier.Afteraccomplishingherfamily'sexpectationsofdutifulChinesewomanhood,Ms.Suisholdinganewidentity:fearlessroad-tripper.Forsixmonths,thisChineseaunthasbeenonasolodriveacrossChina,documentingherjourneyformorethan1.35millionfollowersacrossseveralsocialmediaplatforms.(来自中国中部河南省的56岁退休人员苏敏从来没有这么开心过。在完成了家人对尽责中国女性的期望后，苏女士拥有了一个新的身份:无畏的公路旅行者。六个月来，这位中国阿姨独自驾车穿越中国，在多个社交媒体平台上记录了她的旅程，吸引了135万名粉丝)”结合文章主要讲述了56岁的中国阿姨苏敏独自驾车穿越中国，在多个社交媒体平台上记录了她的旅程，吸引了135万名粉丝。介绍了她开始这一行动的背景知识和感悟。可知，B选项“一个中国阿姨独自自驾游”最符合文章标题。故选B。COncethestuffofsci-fifantasy,robotsandrobotictechnologyarenowusedinmanyaspectsofdailylife,rangingfrommanufacturingtomedicineandeverythinginbetween.Whilehumanityisstillfarfromhavingrobotservantsathome,robotsarecommonlyusedonproductionlinesinfactories,andevenforspecificmovementsduringoperation.Recently,oneEstoniancompanydecidedtorepurposeitstechnologyforareasonthat'sbeneficialfortheEarth.RobotmanufacturerMilrem,whichpreviouslyproducedautonomoustanks,partneredwiththeUniversityofTartutodeveloprobotforestersthatcanplantandcarefortrees.ThedecisiontocreateautonomousforesterscameafterMilremrealizedthatitstechnology,whichhadbeendevelopedformilitary(军事的)use,couldbeusefulinotherareas.“Westartedlookingintowhatelsewecoulddowiththeseunmannedrobots,MartNoorma,directoratMilrem,toldResearchEstonia.“Togetherwithourpartnersatuniversitiesandpublicoffices,werealizedthatwecouldbehelpfulinautomatingmanyindustries.”Therobots,whichresembleminitanks,operateinpairs.Onerobotworksasaplanter,puttingdownasmanyas380seedlingscovering2.5acresinaslittleassixhours.Duringtheplantingstage,therobotrecordstheexactlocationofeachyoungtree.Theotherrobotfollowsitspath,cuttingvegetationandcuttingbrush,sothatthenewlyplantedtreescanthrive.Tonavigate(导航)theirsurroundings,therobotsuseLiDARandGPSsystems.LiDARuseslasertechnologytocreateathree-dimensionalgeometricmapoftherobots,environment.InterestingEngineeringreportedthattherobotsalsousehighresolutioncamerasystemstofillinthegapsaroundobstacles(障碍)andensurethemap'saccuracy.Theefficiencyandspeedofthesetree-plantingrobotsgivethemthehighpotentialtohelpreverse(逆转)deforestation,acriticalissueaffectingtheplanet.8.Whywereautonomoustanksmadeinitially?A.Toplantmoretrees. B.Tohelpinmedicine.C.Tocreateabigbrand. D.Toimprovemilitarystrength.9.Howmanyyoungtreescanarobotplantinanhour?A.About50. B.About63. C.About190. D.About380.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.LiDARmakesiteasiertoidentifythetrees.B.Therobotswillimprovetheenvironmentaroundtheplants.C.Map'saccuracyresultsfromhighresolutioncamerasystems.D.Thetreeplantingrobotsareboundtobewidelyusedsoon.11.What'stheauthor'sattitudetorobotforesters?A.Optimistic. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Disapproving.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了自动坦克的机器人制造商Milrem与塔尔图大学合作，开发可以种植和照料树木的机器人护林员。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ThedecisiontocreateautonomousforesterscameafterMilremrealizedthatitstechnology,whichhadbeendevelopedformilitary(军事的)use,couldbeusefulinotherareas.（Milrem公司意识到，原本用于军事用途的技术也可以用于其他领域，于是决定创建自主林务员。）”可知，最初制造自动坦克是为了提高军事力量。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Onerobotworksasaplanter,puttingdownasmanyas380seedlingscovering2.5acresinaslittleassixhours（其中一个机器人可以充当播种机，在短短6个小时内，在2.5英亩的土地上种下多达380棵幼苗。）”可知，一个机器人在一小时内种植了大约63棵小树。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“InterestingEngineeringreportedthattherobotsalsousehighresolutioncamerasystemstofillinthegapsaroundobstacles(障碍)andensurethemap'saccuracy.（《有趣的工程》报道称，机器人还使用高分辨率的摄像系统来填补障碍物周围的空白，以确保地图的准确性。）”可推知，地图的准确性来自于高分辨率的摄像系统。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theefficiencyandspeedofthesetree-plantingrobotsgivethemthehighpotentialtohelpreversedeforestation,acriticalissueaffectingtheplanet.（这些植树机器人的效率和速度使它们有很大的潜力来帮助扭转毁林，这是一个影响地球的关键问题。）”可知，作者对机器人林务员持积极的态度。故选A。DClimatechangeisknowntonegativelyaffectagricultureandlivestock,buttherehasbeenlittlescientificknowledgeonwhichregionsoftheplanetwouldbetouchedorwhatthebiggestrisksmaybe.NewresearchledbyAaltoUniversityassessesjusthowglobalfoodproductionwillbeaffectedifgreenhousegasemissionsareleftuncut.Theresearchersassessedhowclimatechangewouldaffect27ofthemostimportantfoodcropsandsevendifferentlivestock,accountingforsocieties'varyingcapacitiestoadapttochanges.Theresultsshowthatthreatsaffectcountriesandcontinentsindifferentways;in52ofthe177countriesstudied,theentirefoodproductionwouldremaininthesafeclimaticspaceinthefuture.TheseincludeFinlandandmostotherEuropeancountries.AlreadyvulnerablecountriessuchasBenin,Cambodia,Ghana,Guinea-Bissau,GuyanaandSurinamewillbehithardifnochangesaremade;upto95percentofcurrentfoodproductionwouldfalloutsideofsafeclimaticspace.Alarmingly,thesenationsalsohavesignificantlylesscapacitytoadapttochangesbroughtonbyclimatechangewhencomparedtorichwesterncountries.Inall,20%oftheworld'scropproductionand18%oflivestockproductionunderthreatarelocatedincountrieswithlowcapacitiestoadapttochanges.“Ifweletemissionsgrow,theincreaseindesertareasisespeciallytroublingbecauseintheseconditionsbarelyanythingcangrowwithoutirrigation.Bytheendofthiscentury,wecouldseemorethan4millionsquarekilometresofnewdesertaroundtheglobe,”MattiKummu,professorofglobalwaterandfoodissuesatAaltoUniversitysays.“Weneedtolightenclimatechangeand,atthesametime,improveourfoodsystemsandsocieties'capacitiestoadapttochanges—wecannotleavethevulnerablebehind.Foodproductionmustbesustainable.”12.Howdoestheauthorshowtheeffectofclimatechangeonthefoodproductioninparagraph2?A.Byraisingquestions. B.Bystatingarguments.C.Byanalyzingresearchdata. D.Bymakingcomparisons.13.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Themeasurestobetaken. B.Thethreattothevulnerablecountries.C.Theassistanceofrichcountries. D.Thedamagetocropproduction.14.WhatdoKummu'swordssuggest?A.Hefeelsverydesperate. B.Hecaresmoreaboutothers.C.Hewasinchargeofthestudy. D.Heisworriedaboutthevulnerable.15.Fromwhichsectionofanewspaperisthetexttaken?A.Environment. B.Technology. C.Culture. D.Politics.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。众所周知，气候变化会对农业和畜牧业产生负面影响，但阿尔托大学领导的一项新研究评估了如果不减少温室气体排放，全球粮食生产将受到怎样的影响。文中通过分析研究数据展示气候变化对粮食生产的影响以及气候变化对于脆弱国家的威胁。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theresearchersassessedhowclimatechangewouldaffect27ofthemostimportantfoodcropsandsevendifferentlivestock,accountingforsocieties'varyingcapacitiestoadapttochanges.Theresultsshowthatthreatsaffectcountriesandcontinentsindifferentways;in52ofthe177countriesstudied,theentirefoodproductionwouldremaininthesafeclimaticspaceinthefuture.TheseincludeFinlandandmostotherEuropeancountries.(研究人员评估了气候变化将如何影响27种最重要的粮食作物和7种不同的牲畜，考虑到社会适应变化的不同能力。结果表明，威胁以不同的方式影响国家和大陆；在177个被研究的国家中，有52个国家的整个粮食生产在未来将保持在安全的气候空间中。这些国家包括芬兰和大多数其他欧洲国家)”可推知，作者在第二段中通过分析研究数据展示气候变化对粮食生产的影响。故选C。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“AlreadyvulnerablecountriessuchasBenin,Cambodia,Ghana,Guinea-Bissau,GuyanaandSurinamewillbehithardifnochangesaremade;upto95percentofcurrentfoodproductionwouldfalloutsideofsafeclimaticspace.Alarmingly,thesenationsalsohavesignificantlylesscapacitytoadapttochangesbroughtonbyclimatechangewhencomparedtorichwesterncountries.Inall,20%oftheworld'scropproductionand18%oflivestockproductionunderthreatarelocatedincountrieswithlowcapacitiestoadapttochanges.(如果不做出改变，贝宁、柬埔寨、加纳、几内亚比绍、圭亚那和苏里南等已经很脆弱的国家将受到严重打击；目前高达95%的粮食产量将落在安全气候空间之外。令人担忧的是，与富裕的西方国家相比，这些国家适应气候变化的能力也明显不足。总的来说，受威胁的世界作物产量的20%和畜牧业产量的18%来自适应变化能力较低的国家)”可知，第三段主要讲的是对脆弱国家的威胁。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Weneedtolightenclimatechangeand,atthesametime,improveourfoodsystemsandsocieties'capacitiestoadapttochanges—wecannotleavethevulnerablebehind.Foodproductionmustbesustainable.(我们需要减轻气候变化，同时改善粮食系统和社会适应变化的能力——我们不能把弱势群体抛在后面。粮食生产必须是可持续的)”可推知，Kummu的话暗示了他担心脆弱的一方。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Climatechangeisknowntonegativelyaffectagricultureandlivestock,buttherehasbeenlittlescientificknowledgeonwhichregionsoftheplanetwouldbetouchedorwhatthebiggestrisksmaybe.NewresearchledbyAaltoUniversityassessesjusthowglobalfoodproductionwillbeaffectedifgreenhousegasemissionsareleftuncut.(众所周知，气候变化会对农业和畜牧业产生负面影响，但对于地球上哪些地区会受到影响，以及最大的风险可能是什么，科学知识却很少。阿尔托大学领导的一项新研究评估了如果不减少温室气体排放，全球粮食生产将受到怎样的影响)”结合文中通过分析研究数据展示气候变化对粮食生产的影响以及气候变化对于脆弱国家的威胁。可推知，文章可能选自报纸的“环境”版面。故选A。第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多佘余选项。FiveHealthyHabitsFromJapanThefollowinghabitsarethesecretstolongevityfromJapan.Foodisgoodmedicine.There'sanOkinawanphrase,nuchigusui,whichcantranslateas“letfoodbeyourmedicine”.ForOkinawans,thatmeansplentyoffruitsandvegetableswithheart-healthyfish.____16____.Maintainstrongfamilyandsocialconnections.Humansaresocialcreatures.A2017studyshowedthepositiveimpactthattight-knitfamiliesandhappymarriagesleadtobetterhealthandalongerlife.____17____,whetheritisthefamilyyouareborninto,orthefamilyyouchoose.____18____.Inthewest,peopleoftenreachforacoffeeinthemorningtostarttheday.Butoneofthebest-kepthealthyhabitsintheFarEastisdrinkingtea.A2014studyofJapaneseadultsfoundthatthosewhodrankgreenteaeachdayloweredtheirriskofdiabetesby33percent.Takeoffyourshoeswhenindoors.Japanesetraditionallydonotweartheirshoesinthehouseandchangeintoslippersinstead.____19____.Butwhenyouthinkaboutit,itmakestotalsense!Shoescancarryinfectiousbacteria,soconsidertakingoffsneakerswhenindoors.Afterall,peopleweartheirshoesinthedirtystreets.Thelastthingyouwanttodoisbringthatallinsideyourhome.Soakinlongandhotbaths.DoyouknowJapanisfullofnaturalhotsprings?Volcanicactivitythroughouttheislandnaturallyheatsover3,000mineralsprings.____20____,becausetheyknowthesehealingwaterseasemusclepainandpreventdisease.A.DrinkplentyofteaB.ItmayseemstrangeatfirstCThismakesthemcomfortableD.TheJapaneseliketosoakinthehotspringsE.RemembertospendqualitytimewithfamilyF.TheJapanesepeoplecontinuethepracticeeverymorningG.Eatinganutritiousdietresultsinlivingalongandhealthylife【答案】16.G17.E18.A19.B20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了来自日本的五个健康习惯。【16题详解】根据上文“Foodisgoodmedicine.There'sanOkinawanphrase,nuchigusui,whichcantranslateas“letfoodbeyourmedicine”.ForOkinawans,thatmeansplentyoffruitsandvegetableswithheart-healthyfish.(食物是良药。冲绳有句话叫nuchigusui，意思是“让食物成为你的药”。对冲绳人来说，这意味着大量的水果和蔬菜和有益于心脏健康的鱼)”可知，上文主要说明了健康食物对身体的好处，本句总结上文，即说明吃有营养的饮食有助于长寿和健康的生活。故G选项“吃有营养的饮食有助于长寿和健康的生活”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据后文“whetheritisthefamilyyouareborninto,orthefamilyyouchoose.(无论是你出生的家庭，还是你选择的家庭)”可知，后文提到了家庭，可知本句内容与家人有关，E选项中family对应后文中family。故E选项“记得和家人共度美好时光”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据后文“Inthewest,peopleoftenreachforacoffeeinthemorningtostarttheday.Butoneofthebest-kepthealthyhabitsintheFarEastisdrinkingtea.A2014studyofJapaneseadultsfoundthatthosewhodrankgreenteaeachdayloweredtheirriskofdiabetesby33percent.(在西方，人们通常在早上喝杯咖啡开始新的一天。但在远东，喝茶是保持最好的健康习惯之一。2014年一项针对日本成年人的研究发现，每天喝绿茶的人患糖尿病的风险降低了33%)”可知，本段主要说明了喝茶对健康的好处，即建议多喝茶。故A选项“多喝茶”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“Takeoffyourshoeswhenindoors.Japanesetraditionallydonotweartheirshoesinthehouseandchangeintoslippersinstead.(在室内请脱鞋。传统上，日本人在家里不穿鞋，而是换上拖鞋)”以及后文“Butwhenyouthinkaboutit,itmakestotalsense!Shoescancarryinfectiousbacteria,soconsidertakingoffsneakerswhenindoors.Afterall,peopleweartheirshoesinthedirtystreets.Thelastthingyouwanttodoisbringthatallinsideyourhome.(但当你仔细想想，这完全说得通！鞋子可能携带传染性细菌，所以在室内要考虑脱掉运动鞋。毕竟，人们在肮脏的街道上穿鞋。你最不想做的就是把这些东西都带回家)”可知，上文提到了日本人回家换拖鞋，后文则进行了解释，可知本句是针对这一习俗的看法：一开始可能看起来很奇怪。故B选项“一开始可能看起来很奇怪”符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Soakinlongandhotbaths.DoyouknowJapanisfullofnaturalhotsprings?Volcanicactivitythroughouttheislandnaturallyheatsover3,000mineralsprings.(泡个长时间的热水澡。你知道日本有很多天然温泉吗？岛上的火山活动自然加热了3000多处矿泉)”以及后文“becausetheyknowthesehealingwaterseasemusclepainandpreventdisease.(因为他们知道这些水可以缓解肌肉疼痛并预防疾病)”可知，本段主要是关于日本人喜欢泡温泉的习惯，后文提到了泡温泉的好处。故D选项“日本人喜欢泡温泉”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言知识运用第一节阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenMonetwenttowashandrefuelhercar,shequicklyrealizedshedidn'thaveanycashorcardsonher.Whentheattendant(服务人员)Mbelewalkeduptothevehicleto____21____thewindows,Monetimmediatelytriedtostophim.She____22____thathedidn'thavetocleanherwindows,asshecouldn'tpay.____23____,theworkernoticedtheredwarninglightofherfuelgauge(燃油表).Sohecouldn'tletherbackonthehighway,foritcouldpotentiallybe____24____.Hedecidedtopayhergas____25____soshecouldsafelytravelonthehighwaywithenoughpetrol.Mbele____26____hisownbankcard,wenttotheregister,andpaidforsomegas.____27____,Monetdidn'tevenhavetimeto____28____thepayment.Atfirst,shethoughtthatitwasaloanthatthefuelcompanyprovided,whichprobablyneededalotof____29____costs.Butinfactitwaspurelyapersonal____30____.ThebillwasalmostasmuchmoneyasMbelemadeinasingleday.Witha(n)____31____of$75everyweek,it'snotlikelythatthegasattendanthadalotofmoneyto____32____.Hewasn'tsurethathe'deverseehismoneyback,buthecouldn't____33____puttingthewomanintrouble.Acoupleofdayslater,Monet____34____withhismoneyandaboxofchocolates.However,the____35____didn'tstopatasingleboxofchocolates.Shepostedthis____36____onherFacebookpage,andit____37____wonthousandsofpeople'spraise.Shethendecidedtostartafundraiser(募资)forhim,whichwasagreat____38____.Thefundraiserwasclosedwith$94,000dollars____39____,anabsolutelyincredibleamountforthe____40____gasattendant—equaltoabouteightyearsofsalary.21.A.roll B.wash C.open D.remove22.A.explained B.scolded C.promised D.believed23.A.Thus B.Otherwise C.Besides D.However24A.permanent B.manageable C.dangerous D.stressful25.A.form B.tax C.bill D.rent26.A.took B.counted C.purchased D.folded27.A.Infear B.Inreality C.Onpurpose D.Bynature28.A.carryoff B.putforward C.referto D.thinkabout29.A.economic B.extra C.total D.rising30.A.bond B.reward C.guarantee D.deal31.A.salary B.expense C.sale D.exchange32.A.get B.donate C.spare D.waste33.A.risk B.forbid C.understand D.admit34.A.relaxed B.returned C.hesitated D.left35.A.coincidence B.argument C.surprise D.service36.A.story B.flash C.video D.site37.A.secretly B.apparently C.temporarily D.quickly38.A.fight B.failure C.success D.loss39.A.bet B.gathered C.paid D.borrowed40.A.confident B.brave C.honest D.kind【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.C26.A27.B28.D29.B30.D31.A32.C33.A34.B35.C36.A37.D38.C39.B40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲的是主人公莫奈去加油站加油时发现没带钱，连忙阻止了服务员为自己洗车，服务员发现莫奈的车油表红灯亮起，担心她上高速有危险，并主动为莫奈掏钱加油，这一系列的好心的行为被莫奈看在了眼里，随后在网上为这位服务员筹到了94000美元的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当服务员Mbele走到车上去擦车窗时，莫奈立即试图阻止他。A.roll滚动；B.wash洗刷；C.open打开；D.remove移除。根据下文的“hedidn'thavetocleanherwindows”可知，莫奈在加油站，服务员Mbele想要为莫奈洗车窗。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她解释说，他不必擦她的窗户，因为她付不起钱。A.explained解释；B.scolded责骂，训斥；C.promised许诺；D.believed相信。根据本句“Shethathedidn'thavetocleanherwindows,asshecouldn'tpay.”可知，莫奈因为不能付钱，所以是在向服务员在解释不需要清理车窗。故选A项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，服务员注意到她的燃油表上的红色警示灯。A.Thus因此；B.Otherwise否则；C.Besides此外；D.However然而。根据空前一句“Shethathedidn'thavetocleanherwindows,asshecouldn'tpay.”以及根据空后的内容“theworkernoticedtheredwarninglightofherfuelgauge.Sohecouldn'tletherbackonthehighway.”（这名工人注意到了燃料表上的红色警示灯。所以他不能让她回到高速公路上）可知，此处表转折，服务员知道了莫奈没钱擦车窗，然而他看见了莫奈的车油表情况，才有了接下来故事的发展。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以他不能让她回到高速公路上，因为这可能会很危险。A.permanent永久的；B.manageable易管理的；C.dangerous危险的；D.stressful紧张的。根据空前内容“theworkernoticedtheredwarninglightofherfuelgauge.Sohecouldn'tletherbackonthehighway.”（服务员注意到了燃料表上的红色警示灯。所以他不能让她回到高速公路上）可知，服务员看的莫奈车燃料表红色警示灯亮起，意识到油量不够，上高速的话很危险。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定替她付油钱，这样她就可以带着足够的汽油安全地在高速公路上行驶了。A.form表格；B.tax税款；C.bill账单；D.rent租金。根据下文“soshecouldsafelytravelonthehighwaywithenoughpetrol”以及第二段第一句“Mbelehisownbankcard,wenttotheregister,andpaidforsomegas.”可知，服务员想为莫奈付油钱，好让她在高速上有足够的油安全驾驶。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mbele拿着自己的银行卡去了收银台，付了一些油钱。A.took拿着；B.counted计数；C.purchased购买；D.folded折叠。根据下文“hisownbankcard,wenttotheregister,andpaidforsomegas”可知，服务员拿着自己的卡去收银台付油钱。故选A项。【27题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，莫奈甚至没有时间考虑付款的问题。A.Infear惊恐地；B.Inreality事实上；C.Onpurpose故意地；D.Bynature天生地。根据下文“Atfirst,shethoughtthatitwasaloanthatthefuelcompanyprovided”可知，莫奈开始以为服务员为自己付油费是燃料公司提供的一笔贷款，因此，在当时，莫奈事实上不清楚服务员为自己付油钱具体是怎么回事。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，莫奈甚至没有时间考虑付款的问题。A.carryoff夺去。B.putforward提出；C.referto涉及，指的是；D.thinkabout考虑。根据上一句“Mbelehisownbankcard,wenttotheregister,andpaidforsomegas