手译本2005考研英语真题text1课程讲义

逐词逐句阅读精讲-2005Text①Everybody①Everybodylovesafatpayrise.②Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.fata.丰厚的， pleasureatsth对…感到欢喜参考译文：人人都爱丰厚加薪。然而假如你得知一位同事加薪你更丰厚，那你的快乐可能会骤 ③③Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbereputationn.名haveareputationfor有…的名slackv.松懈，懈 )的义参考译文：事实上，如果他还有懒散的名声，那你甚至可能会变得震④④Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman,”withtheunderlyingthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsensegracchbehaviourisregardedasalltooregardAas…认为alltoo…实在太✎伴随状语withtheunderlyingunderlyinga.潜在/隐含assumptionn.假定；假✎潜在假设④④Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman,”withtheunderlyingthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsensegracchbehaviourisregardedasalltoo✎这样的行为被认为是“人之常伴随状语withtheunderlying潜在假设同位语从句thatotheranimalswouldnotbecapablethisfinelydevelopedsenseoffinelyad.精巧地；精确grievancen.（ 的事）不✎其他动物具备这样高度发达的不满意参考译文：这样的行为被认为是“人之常情”，其潜假设是其他动物不具有这种高度发达的不满意识①The①Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.②Theycute.③Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodcapuchinn.卷尾猴，僧帽good-natureda.性情温和的；和善co-operativea.乐意合作readilyad.欣然地；乐意意食物。④Above④Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thancounterpartn.相当/对应的人或goodsn.物品，商品；货参考译文：最重要的是，像人类女性一样，它们往往比雄性更重“物品与服务”的价值①SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.deWaal’s②Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforcandidaten.被认定适合tokenn.代参考译文：这些特征使它们成 博士和德·瓦尔博士研的理想对象。研究人员花费了两年的时间教猴子用代币换取食③Normally,③Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforofpiecen.slicen.片；薄cucumbern.黄参考译文：通常情况下，猴子很乐意用石块换取黄瓜④However,④However,whentwomonkeyscedinseparatebutadjoiningsothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,behaviourbecamemarkedlyHowevertheir 状 主 系动markedly表主时间状语从 two were inseparatebutadjoining引导 主 谓语 主语补足目的状语从soso eachcould引导词主 谓宾语从 theotherwasgettinginreturnforits引导词主 谓 状④However,whentwomonkeyswerecedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.Howevertheirbehaviourbecamemarkedlymarkedlyad.邻接的，毗连✎然而，它们的行为变得明显不时间状语从句：whentwomonkeys cedinseparatebutadjoiningseparatea.分开的，不同adjoininga.邻接的，毗连chambern.（作特定用途的）房间✎当两只猴子被安置在隔开但相邻的房间④However,whentwomonkeyswerecedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.结果状语从sothateachcould宾语从whattheotherwasgettinginreturnforits主时间状语从

✎然而，它们的行为变得明显✎当两只猴子被安置在隔开但相邻的房间目的状语从so eachcouldso eachcould引导词主 谓宾语从

theotherwasgettingin theotherwasgettinginreturnforits引导词主语谓 状语HoweverHowevertheir 状 主 系动markedly表引导two inseparatebutadjoining主谓语）主语补足①In①Intheworldofcapuchins,grapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferableto②Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofluxuryn.奢侈的享受；奢preferablea.更合心意时间状语从句Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforherhandv.交；递✎所以当一只猴子用代币换到一颗葡萄主句thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofreluctanta.不情愿的；勉强✎另外一只猴子就不愿意用自己的代币只换一片黄③Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheoroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceof条件状语从Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtohertokeninexchangeat✎如果一只猴子根本没有交出代币就得到一颗葡主句：theothereitherAor✎当两只猴子被安置在隔开但相邻的房间A:tossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthe✎把代币砸向研究员或扔出B:refusedtoacceptthesliceof 接受那片黄

间外，或者接受那片黄瓜④Indeed,④Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtoinduceresentmentinafemaleinducev.引起，导sthisenoughtosth足以resentmentn.愤恨，怨事实上，只要在另一个房间出现了葡萄（它），①Theresearcherssuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedsocialemotions.②Inthewild,theyareacooperative,groupliving③Suchcooperationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisbeingwildn.荒speciesn.物stablea.稳定的，牢固cheat ；蒙 情感的支配。在野外，它们是协作、群居的物种。只有当每 ④Feelings④Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeople⑤Refusingalesserreward ymakesthesefeelingsabundantlyclearothermembersoftherighteousa.正义的，公正的indignationn.愤慨；义愤preserven.专门领域；独揽之事abundantlyad.十分地，非常地 ⑥However,⑥However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlycapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunanswered 分：However,AorBis,asyet,anunanswered✎然而，A还是B仍然是个有待回答的问A：whethersuchasenseoffairne