英语考级-2019年6月四级真题第二套

2019年6月四级真题（第2套）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowrite

anewsreporttoyourcampusnewspaper

onavisittoaHopeelementaryschoolorganizedbyyourStudentUnion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartⅡListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:

Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthenquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet1

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Heavyfloods. B)Safetyconcerns. C)Badeconomy. D)Workers’strikes.2.A)Itiscompetitivewithitsnumeroustouristdestinations. B)ItprovidesmanyjobopportunitiesforFrenchpeople. C)ItisthebiggestconcernoftheFrenchgovernment. D)Itplaysanimportantroleinthenation’seconomy.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Tocarryoutascientificsurvey. B)Toestablishanewresearchstation. C)TorescuetwosickAmericanworkers. D)Todeliverurgentmedicalsupplies.4.A)Thedarknessandcold. B)Theheavysnowandfog. C)Thebitingwinds. D)Theiceallaround.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Bytyingittoadoorhandle. B)Byshakingitbackandforth. C)Witharemotecontrolcraft. D)Withafull-sizedhelicopter.6.A)HehaslotsoffansonFacebook. B)Hehasrichexperienceinflying. C)Heoftensuffersfromtoothaches. D)Hehaslearnedtopullteethfromavideo.7.A)Spendmoretimetogether. B)Tellthemadventurestories. C)Dosomethingfunandcreative. D)Playwiththeminasafeplace.SectionBDirections:

Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet1

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Toconfirmanurgentappointment. B)Tocollectapackagefromthewoman. C)Toaskthewomantosignadocument. D)Toarrangethedeliveryofapackage.9.A)Sheisdoingshopping. B)Sheisvisitingafriend. C)Sheisnotathome. D)Sheisnotfeelingwell.10.A)Hewillbeoffdutythewholeday. B)Hewillbeworkingsomewhereelse. C)Hewillhavetohavehiscarrepaired. D)Hewillbetoobusytospareanytime.11.A)Signhername. B)Confirmonline. C)Payasmallfee. D)Showupinperson.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)VacationinItaly. B)Studyabroad. C)Throwafarewellparty. D)GotoafashionshowinMilan.13.A)Quitesleepy. B)Veryexcited. C)Ratherdepressed. D)Nearlyexhausted.14.A)Hehastoattendaparty. B)Hehastomeetafriend. C)Hehastomakeapresentation. D)Hehastofinishanassignment.15.A)Saygoodbyetothewomanattheairport. B)MeetthewomanattheBlackCatCafe. C)Drivethewomantotheairport. D)Havelunchwiththewoman.SectionCDirections:

Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet1

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Ithaskeptgrowingoverthecenturies. B)Itstopishiddenincloudsofvolcanicsmoke. C)Itsheightchangeswitheachvolcaniceruption. D)Ithasarecordedhistoryof1,500years.17.A)Theyarenowatouristdestination. B)Theyattractalotofmigratingbirds. C)Theyprovideshelterforthefarmers. D)Theymakegoodfieldsforfarming.18.A)Theynestonthevolcano’sslopes. B)Theyfeedoncertainsmallmammals. C)Theycompetewitheachotherforfood. D)Theymatchlargemammalsinstrength.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Heisself-employed. B)Heisacareeradvisor. C)Hestudiestalent. D)Heownsamagazine.20.A)Doingwhattheylikebest. B)Lovingtheworktheydo. C)Makingnoexcusesforfailures. D)Followingtheirnaturalinstinct.21.A)Itdoesnotcometoanythingwithouthardwork. B)Itmayprovetobequitedifferentfromhardwork. C)Itisanaturalgiftonlysomespecialpeoplecanpossess. D)Itdoesnotcometoyouuntilsomethingspecialhappens.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Itisabitdifficulttolearn. B)ItwaspopularinNewZwaland. C)Itisatraditionaltypeofballet. D)Itevolvedinthemid-1970s.23.A)Shewantedhertobeaballetdancer. B)Sheusedtobeaballetdancerherself. C)Shehatedtoseeheridlingabout. D)Shewastoobusytolookafterher.24.A)AftershestartedteachingEnglish. B)BeforesheleftforNewZealand. C)WhenshemovedtoNewYorkcity. D)Onceshebegantoliveonherown.25.A)Ithasrenewedherpassionforlife. B)Ithasmadeherhappyandenergetic. C)Ithashelpedhermakenewfriends. D)Ithasenabledhertostartanewcareer.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemon

AnswerSheet2

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce．Justbecausetheycan’tsingoperaorrideabicycledoesn’tmeanthatanimalsdon’thaveculture.There’snobetterexampleofthisthankillerwhales.Asoneofthemost__26__predators（食肉动物），killerwhalesmaynotfitthe__27__ofaculturedcreature.However,thesebeastsoftheseadodisplayavastrangeofhighly__28__behaviorsthatappeartobedrivingtheirgeneticdevelopment.Theword“culture”comesfromtheLatin“colere,”which__29__means“tocultivate.”Inotherwords,itreferstoanythingthatis__30__orlearnt,ratherthaninstinctiveornatural.Amonghumanpopulations,culturenotonlyaffectsthewaywelive,butalsowritesitselfintoourgenes,affectingwhoweare.Forinstance,havingspentmanygenerationshuntingthefatmarinemammalsoftheArctic,theEskimosofGreenlandhavedevelopedcertaingenetic__31__thathelpthemdigestandutilizethisfat-richdiet,therebyallowingthemto__32__intheircoldclimate.Likehumans,killerwhaleshavecolonizedarangeofdifferent__33__acrosstheglobe,occupyingeveryoceanbasinontheplanet,withanempirethat__34__frompoletopole.Assuch,differentpopulationsofkillerwhaleshavehadtolearndifferenthuntingtechniquesinordertogaintheupperhandovertheirlocalprey（猎物）.This,inturn,hasamajoreffectontheirdiet,leadingscientiststo__35__thattheabilitytolearnpopulation-specifichuntingmethodscouldbedrivingtheanimals’geneticdevelopment.A)acquiredI)imageB)adaptationsJ)literallyC)brutalK)refinedD)deliberatelyL)revolvesE)expressedM)speculateF)extendsN)structureG)habitatsO)thriveH)humbleSectionBDirections:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet2.Livingwithparentsedgesoutotherlivingarrangementsfor18-to34-year-oldsA)Broaddemographic(人口的)shiftsismaritalstatus,educationalattainmentandemploymenthavetransformedthewayyoungadultsintheU.S.areliving,andanewPewResearchCenteranalysishighlightstheimplicationsofthesechangesforthemostbasicelementoftheirlives—wheretheycallhome.In2014,forthefirsttimeinmorethan130years,adultsages18to34wereslightlymorelikelytobelivingintheirparents’homethantheyweretobelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold.B)ThisturnofeventsisfueledprimarilybythedramaticdropintheshareofyoungAmericanswhoarechoosingtosettledownromanticallybeforeage35.Datingbackto1880,themostcommonlivingarrangementamongyoungadultshasbeenlivingwitharomanticpartner,whetheraspouseorasignificantother.Thistypeofarrangementpeakedaround1960,when62%ofthenation’s18-to34-year-oldswerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold,andonlyone-in-fivewerelivingwiththeirparents.C)By2014,31.6%ofyoungadultswerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold,belowthesharelivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s)(32.1%).Some14%ofyoungadultslivedalone,wereasingleparentorlivedwithoneormoreroommates.Theremaining22%livedinthehomeofanotherfamilymember(suchasagrandparent,in-laworsibling(兄弟姐妹),anon-relative,oringroupquarterslikecollegedormitories.D)It’sworthnotingthattheoverallshareofyoungadultslivingwiththeirparentswasnotatarecordhighin2014.Thisarrangementpeakedaround1940,whenabout35%ofthenation’s18-to34-year-oldslivedwithmomand/ordad(comparedwith32%in2014).Whathaschanged,instead,istherelativeshareadoptingdifferentwaysoflivinginearlyadulthood,withthedeclineofromanticcouplingpushinglivingathometothetopofamuchlessuniformlistoflivingarrangements.E)Amongyoungadults,livingarrangementsdiffersignificantlybygender.Formenages18to34,livingathomewithmomand/ordadhasbeenthedominantlivingarrangementsince2009,In2014,28%ofyoungmenwerelivingwithaspouseofpartnerintheirownhome,while35%werelivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s).Youngwomen,however,arestillmorelikelytobelivingwithaspouseofromanticpartner(35%)thantheyaretobelivingwiththeirparent(s)(29%).F)In2014,moreyoungwomen(16%)thanyoungmen(13%)wereheadingupahouseholdwithoutaspouseorpartner.Thisismainlybecausewomenaremorelikelythanmentobesingleparentslivingwiththeirchildren.Fortheirpart,youngmen(25%)aremorelikelythanyoungwomen(19%)tobelivinginthehomeofanotherfamilymember,anon-relativeorinsometypeofgroupquarters.G)Avarietyoffactorscontributetothelong-runincreaseintheshareofyoung.Adultslivingwiththeparents.Thefirstinthepostponementof,ifnotretreatfrom,marriage.Theaverageageoffirstmarriagehasrisensteadilyfordecades.Inaddition,agrowingshareofyoungadultmaybeavoidingmarriagealtogether.ApreviousPewResearchCenteranalysisprojectedthatasmanyasone-in-fouroftoday’syoungadultmaynevermarry.Whilecohabitation（同居）hasbeenontherise,theoverallshareofyoungadultseithermarriedorlivingwithanunmarriedpartnerhassubstantiallyfallensince1990.H)Inaddition,trendsinbothemploymentstatusandwageshavelikelycontributedtothegrowingshareofyoungadultswhoarelivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s),andthisisespeciallytrueofyoungmen.Employedyoungmenaremuchlesslikelytoliveathomethanyoungmenwithoutajob,andemploymentamongyoungmenhasfallensignificantlyinrecentdecades.Theshareofyoungmenwithjobspeakedaround1960at84%.In2014,only71%of18-to-34-year-oldmenwereemployed.Similarlywithearnings,youngmen’swages(afteradjustingforinflation)havebeenonadownwardtrajectory(轨迹)since1970andfellsignificantlyform2000to2010.Aswageshavefallen,theshareofyoungmenlivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s)hasrisen.I)Economicfactorsseemtoexplainlessofwhyyoungadultwomenareincreasinglylikelytoliveathome.Generally,youngwomenhavehadgrowingsuccessinthepaidlabormarketsince1960andhencemightincreasinglybeexpectedtobeabetoaffordtoaffordtoliveindependentlyoftheirparents.Forwomen,delayedmarriage—whichisrelated,inpart,tolabormarketoutcomesformen—mayexplainmoreoftheincreaseintheirlivinginthefamilyhome.J)TheGreatRecession(andmodestrecovery)hasalsobeenassociatedwithanincreaseinyoungadultslivingathome.Initiallyinthewakeoftherecession,collegeenrollmentsexpanded,boostingtheranksofyoungadultslivingathome.Andgiventheweakjobopportunitiesfacingyoungadults,livingathomewaspartoftheprivatesafetynethelpyoungadultstoweathertheeconomicstorm.K)Beyondgender,youngadult’slivingarrangementsdifferconsiderablebyeducation—whichistiedtofinancialmeans.Foryoungadultswithoutabachelor’sdegree,asof2008livingathomewiththeirparentswasmoreprevalentthanlivingwitharomanticpartner.By2014,36%of18-to34-year-oldswhohadnotcompletedabachelor’sdegreewerelivingwiththeirparent(s)while27%werelivingwithaspouseorpartner.Amongcollegegraduates,in201446%weremarriedorlivingwithapartner,andonly19%werelivingwiththeirparent(s).Youngadultswithacollegedegreehavefaredmuchbetterinthelabormarketthantheirless-educatedcounterparts,whichhasinturnmadeiteasiertoestablishtheirownhouseholds.36.Unemployedyoungmenaremorelikelytolivewiththeirparentsthantheemployed.37.In2014,thepercentageofmenaged18to34livingwiththeirparentswasgreaterthanthatoftheirfemalecounterparts.38.Thepercentageofyoungpeoplewhoaremarriedorlivewithapartnerhasgreatlydecreasedinthepastthreedecadesorso.39.Aroundthemid-20thcentury,only20percentof18-to34-year-oldlivedintheirparents’home.40.Youngadultswithacollegedegreefounditeasiertoliveindependentlyoftheirparents.41.Youngmenarelesslikelytoendupassingleparentsthanyoungwomen.42.Moreyoungadultwomenlivewiththeirparentsthanbeforeduetodelayedmarriage.43.Thepercentageofyoungmenwholivewiththeirparentshasgrownduetotheirdecreasedpayinrecentdecades.44.Theriseinthenumberofcollegestudentsmademoreyoungadultslivewiththeirparents.45.Onereasonforyoungadultstolivewiththeirparentsisthatgetmarriedlateorstaysinglealltheirlives.SectionCDirections:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AccordingtothemajorityofAmericans,womenareeverybitascapableofbeinggoodpoliticalleadersasmen.Thesamecanbesaidoftheirabilitytodominatethecorporateboardroom.AndaccordingtoanewPewResearchCentersurveyonwomenandleadership,mostAmericansfindwomenindistinguishablefrommenonkeyleadershiptraitssuchasintelligenceandcapacityforinnovation,withmanysayingthey’restrongerthanmenintermsofbeingpassionateandorganizedleaders.Sowhy,then,arewomeninshortsupplyatthetopofgovernmentandbusinessintheUnitedStates?Accordingtothepublic,atleast,it’snotthattheylacktoughness,managementtalentorproperskillsets.It’salsonotallaboutwork-lifebalance.Althougheconomicresearchandprevioussurveyfindingshaveshownthatcareerinterruptionsrelatedtomotherhoodmaymakeitharderforwomentoadvanceintheircareersandcompetefortopexecutivejobs,relativelyfewadultsintherecentsurveypointtothisasakeybarrierforwomenseekingleadershiproles.Onlyaboutone-in-fivesaywomen’sfamilyresponsibilitiesareamajorreasonwhytherearen’tmorefemalesintopleadershippositionsinbusinessandpolitics.Instead,toppingthelistofreasons,aboutfour-in-tenAmericanspointtoadoublestandardforwomenseekingtoclimbtothehighestlevelsofeitherpoliticsorbusiness,wheretheyhavetodomorethantheirmalecounterpartstoprovethemselves.Similarsharessaytheelectorate(选民)andcorporateAmericaarejustnotreadytoputmorewomenintopleadershippositions.Asaresult,thepublicisdividedaboutwhethertheimbalanceincorporateAmericawillchangeintheforeseeablefuture,eventhoughwomenhavemademajoradvancesintheworkplace.While53%believemenwillcontinuetoholdmoretopexecutivepositionsinbusinessinthefuture,44%sayit’sonlyamatteroftimebeforeasmanywomenareintopexecutivepositionsasmen.Americansarelessdoubtfulwhenitcomestopolitics:73%expecttoseeafemalepresidentintheirlifetime.46.WhatdomostAmericansthinkofwomenleadersaccordingtoanewPewResearchCentersurvey? A)Theyhavetodomoretodistinguishthemselves. B)Theyhavetostrivehardertowintheirpositions. C)Theyarestrongerthanmenintermsofwillpower. D)Theyarejustasintelligentandinnovativeasmen.47.Whatdowelearnfromprevioussurveyfindingsaboutwomenseekingleadershiproles? A)Theyhaveunconquerabledifficultiesontheirwaytosuccess. B)Theyarelackinginconfidencewhencompetingwithmen. C)Theirfailuresmayhavesomethingtodowithfamilyduties. D)Relativelyfewarehinderedintheircareeradvancement.48.Whatistheprimaryfactorkeepingwomenfromtakingtopleadershippositionsaccordingtotherecentsurvey? A)Personalitytraits. B)Familyresponsibilities. C)Genderbias. D)Lackofvacancies.49.WhatdoesthepassagesayaboutcorporateAmericainthenearfuture? A)Moreandmorewomenwillsitintheboardroom. B)Genderimbalanceinleadershipislikelytochange. C)Thepublicisundecidedaboutwhetherwomenwillmakegoodleaders. D)Peoplehaveopposingopinionsastowhetheritwillhavemorewomenleaders.50.WhatdomostAmericansexpecttoseesoononAmerica’spoliticalstage? A)Awomaninthehighestpositionofgovernment. B)Moreandmorewomenactivelyengagedinpolitics. C)Amajorityofwomenvotingforafemalepresident. D)Asmanywomenintopgovernmentpositionsasmen.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Peoplehavegrowntalleroverthelastcentury,withSouthKoreanwomenshootingupbymorethan20cmonaverage,andIranianmengaining.16.5cm.Aglobalstudylookedattheaverageheightof18-year-oldsin200countries1914and2014.TheresultsrevealthatwhileSwedeswerethetallestpeopleintheworldin1914,Dutchmenhaverisenfrom12thplacetoclaimtopspotwithanaverageheightof182.5cm.Larvianwomen.Meanwhile,rosefrom28thplacein1914tobecomethetallestintheworldacenturylater,withanaverageheightof169.8cm.JamesBentham,aco-authoroftheresearchfromImperialCollege,London,saystheglobaltrendislikelytobedueprimarilytoimprovementsinnutritionandhealthcare.“Anindividual’sgeneticshasabiginfluenceontheirheight,butonceyouaverageoverwholepopulations,geneticsplaysalesskeyrole,”headded.Alittleextraheightbringsanumberofadvantages,saysElioRiboliofImperialCollege.“Beingtallerisassociatedwithlongerlifeexpectancy,”hesaid.“Thisislargelyduetoalowerriskofdyingofcardiovascular（心血管的）diseaseamongtallerpeople.”Butwhileheighthasincreasedaroundtheworld,thetrendinmanycountriesofnorthandsub-SaharanAfricacausesconcern,saysRiboli.WhileheightincreasedinUgandaandNigerduringtheearly20thcentury,thetrendhasreversedinrecentyears,withheightdecreasingamong18-year-olds.“Onereasonforthesedecrea