difference明确阅读要求

Unit1Makingadifference明确阅读要求

阅读理解是英语学习和英语测试的重要手段，阅读能力的测试分为理解能

力和阅读速度。对于高

二学生来说，阅读能力测试的主要要求如下：

1.正确理解作者的思想、观点和意图。

2.正确理解文章的主题。

3.正确理解文章细节，包括文章段落大意。

4.能够通过表面文字，挖掘和理解文章的深层含义。

5.能够依据所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识正确猜测词句的含义。

对于这些能力的考查主要体现在以下四种试题中：

L推理判断题。2.归纳概括题。3.细节认定题。4,词义猜测题。

PassageA

FrancisBacon,oneofthemostimportantphilosophers（哲人）ofEngland,

wasborninLondonandeducatedatCambridgeUniversity.Whenhewasonly

15,hewenttoFrancetoworkfortheEnglishambassador（大使）Two

yearslaterhewentbacktoEnglandtostudylaw.Attheageof

twenty--threehewaschosentoparliament（议会）.Hisideasabouthow

scientistsshouldstudythingsinnaturehelptobringthemodernway

ofthinking,calledthescientific

method2.

OneoftheBacon'sbestknownbookswashisEssays.Eachessaywas

ashortpieceofwritinginwhichhetriedtogivealessonbydiscussing

sidesofasubjectsuchasstudying,conversation,friendsandhealthy

living.Inmanyofhisbooks,Baconexplainedhowscientistsshouldstudy

thingsastheyreallyexistedinnatureandthentriedtofigureoutwhat

causedaparticularthingtobeasitwas.Later,bydoingexperiments,

thescientistcouldseethatanyonecausewouldalwayshavethesame

result.Thismethod,whichiscalledinductive

reasoning,isusedbyallthescientiststoday,butitwasnewinBacon，s

time.

注释：

①Whenhewasonly15,hewenttoFrancetoworkfortheEnglish

ambassador.当他只

有15岁时，他就去法国为英国大使工作。词组workfor...“为……工作，

为……做事”

②Hisideasabouthowscientistsshouldstudythingsinnaturehelp

tobringthemodernwayofthinking,calledthescientificmethod.他

的有关科学家应该从本质上来研究事物的思想有助于现代思维方式的形成，这

种思维方式被称作科学方法。词组innature意思是“实际上，本

质上”。

根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

1.Accordingtothepassageweknowthat.

A.FrancisBaconwasthemostimportantphilosopherofEngland

B.FrancisBaconhadgoodeducation

C.FrancisBaconworkedforaFrenchambassadorattheageof15

D.FrancisBaconstayedinFranceuntilhewas23

2.ItcanbeknownthatFrancisBaconwasfamousfor____.

A.inventingthescientificmethodofstudyingthingsinnature

B.hisbooks

C.hisEssays

D.beingamemberofparliament

3.Hisessaygavemanyusefullessonson____.

A.studyingB.conversation

C.friendsandhealthylivingD.alloftheabove

4.Theunderlinedphraseainductivereasoningvinthelast

paragraphmeans.

A.todiscovergenerallawsfromparticularfactsorexamples

B.toreachaconclusionbyreasoningfromgenerallawstoa

particularcase

C.tostudythingsastheyusedtobe

D.tostudythingsinaparticularway

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Baconwasalearnedman.

B.Bacondidalotofphilosophy.

C.TheinductivereasoningwaswidelyusedbothtodayandinBacon，s

time.

D.Bacongavescientistsmuchusefuladvice.

PassageB

DoyousupposeDarwin,oneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime,really

didfools

experiments?Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthat

otherpeoplejust

thoughttheywerefoolish?

Sometimes,peoplethinktheyalreadyknowtheanswertoaquestion

orthesolution（解决办法）toaproblem.Sometimes,theyreallydoknow

ananswerorasolution,butwithout

thinkingtheyareimportant.

CharlesDarwindidn,tsettlefor（满足于）justthinkingheknew

something1.And,he

believedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe.

Supposeyoudropsheetsofpaperthatareofexactlythesamesize

andshape.Ifyoudropthematthesametimeinthesameplace,theywill

fallinthesameway.Nowmakeoneofthesheetsofpaperintoatight

（紧的）littleballandletitdropalongwiththeothersheets.What

happens?Youhavedoneanexperimentthatissosimplethatyoumight

think

itcouldn,tbeworthanything".

Butthissimpleexperimentisimportant.Itexplainspartofour

presentdayunderstandings

ofphysics,ideasthatwereworkedoutlongagobyGalileoandNewton.

AndtheseunderstandingssetasidesomeofancientGreekphysics.

Scientistsometimesstopstolookatverysimplethingsandtothink

veryhardaboutthem.Eventhesimplestidea,whichwemightthinkis

foolish,canshakethefoundations

ofscience0.

注释：

①CharlesDarwindidn'tsettleforjustthinkingheknewsomething.

查理•达尔文

不仅仅满足于认为自己知道某件事。

②Youhavedoneanexperimentthatissosimplethatyoumightthink

itcouldn,tbe

worthanything.你已经做了一个你可能认为不值得做的实验。

③Eventhesimplestidea,whichwemightthinkisfoolish,canshake

thefoundations

ofscience.即使我们可能认为是愚蠢的最简单的想法都能动摇科学的根基。

根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

1.ThepassagetellsusthatCharlesDarwin.

A.wasagreatEnglishscientist

B.alwayslikeddoingtheexperimentsthatothersthoughtdifficult

C.thoughteventhesimplestthingwasimportant

D.didn'tgetwellwithothers

2.Thephrase“setaside“mostprobablymeans.

A.throwawayB.storeupC.puttouseD.

realize

3.Theauthorofthepassagetriesto____.

A.convinceusthatCharlesDarwin,GalileoandNewtonarethegreatest

scientistsin

theworld

B.drawtheconclusionthatbasicsciencesaresimplethings

C.provethattwosheetsofpaper,withthesamesizeandshape,will

fallatthesame

speed

D.drawourattentiontoeverydayhappeningsaroundus

4.WhichoneofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Darwinreallydidfoolsexperiments.

B.AccordingtosomepeopleDarwindidfoolishexperiments.

C.Itisbelievedbyallthepeoplethatthingscouldbeimportant

thoughtheyseemedto

besimple.

D.GalileoandNewtonworkedoutancientGreekphysics.

PassageC

EveryoneofusknowsthatAlbertEinsteinwasaworldfamousscientist.

Perhapswedon't

knowmuchabouthislife.Herearesomeamusinganecdotes（轶事）about

him.

WhenhearrivedinNewYorktobeprofessoratPrincetonUniversity,

Einsteinwasanxioustoavoidvisitorsandnewsmen.Sohisfriendstook

himofftheshipsecretlybeforeitdocked

（靠上码头）andhurriedhimawaybycar.

EinsteinsaidthatonlytwelvepeopleatthattimeunderstoodhisTheory

ofRelativity

（相对论），althoughmorethanninehundredbookshadbeenwrittento

explainit.

Mrs.EinsteinadmittedthatevenshedidnotunderstandtheTheoryof

Relativity;but

sheunderstoodsomethingfarmoreimportantforawife1;sheunderstood

herhusband.

Sheusedtoinvitesomefriendsinforteaandthenshewouldaskher

husbandtocomedownstairsandjointhem."No!”Einsteinwouldsaywith

anger.Hesimplycouldn'tstand

thoseuinterruptions（打扰）”.

ButMrs.Einsteinpersuadedherhusbandwithgreatpatienceandhad

himdrinkteawith

themandtakeagoodrest.

Mrs.Einsteinsaidthatherhusbandlikedorderinhisthinking,but

hecouldn，tlike

itinhislife.Hedidwhateverhewantedto2；

Einsteinhadonlytworulesofconduct（彳亍为准贝（j）:onewas"Don'tbe

restrained（限

制）byanyrule”,andtheotherwas"Beindependentfromtheopinions

ofothers”.

Einsteinledaverysimplelife.Whenhewentout,hewasalwaysin

oldclothes,andseldom

didhewearahat.Helikedtowhistleandsinginthebathroom.

Heshavedwiththesamesoapasheusedforhisbath.Itseemsstrange

thatthegreatscientisttryingtosolvethemysteriesoftheuniverse

shouldconsiderthatusingtwopieces

ofsoapmadelifetoocomplicated.

Einsteinsaidhewashappybecausehedidn'twantmoneyortitlesor

foolishpraises.Hemadehisownhappinessoutofsuchsimplethingsas

playingtheviolinandsailinghis

boat③.

Einstein'sviolinbroughthimmorejoythananythingelseinhislife.

Hesaidheoften

thoughtinmusicandmadehisdaydreamsinmusic.

注释

①Mrs.EinsteinadmittedthatevenshedidnotunderstandtheTheory

ofRelativity;butsheunderstoodsomethingfarmoreimportantforawife.

爱因斯坦夫人承认即使她也不明

白相对论，但对于一个妻子来说，她懂得的事情远远比这重要。

②Hedidwhateverhewantedto.他自己想做什么就做什么。

(3)Hemadehisownhappinessoutofsuchsimplethingsasplayingthe

violinandsailing

hisboat.他从拉小提琴、在船上航行等简单的事情中找到了快乐。

根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

1.AlbertEinsteinwastakenofftheshipsecretlybyhisfriends

because____.

A.hedarednotseeanyone

B.hedidn,twanttomeetvisitorsandreporters

C.hewantedtosavetime

D.hewasafraidofbeingstoppedbysomeone

2.UsuallyEinsteinwouldrefusetojoinsomefriends,for.

A.hecouldn，tbearbeingdisturbed

B.hewasashamedtomeetfriends

C.hedislikedmakingfriends

D.hewasangrywithhisfriends

3.Whydidheshavewiththesamesoapasheusedforhisbath?

A.Itwashisspecialhabitofshaving.

B.Hewaslazy.

C.Hewantedtobeanindependentman.

D.Hedidn,twanttobekeptundercontrolbyanyrule.

4.WhatdoyouthinkofEinstein?

A.Hewasastrangescientist.

B.Helikedorderinhislife.

C.Hewasasimplemanwithgreatachievements.

D.Hedidn'tlikeorderinhiswork.

PassageD

ThefamousBritishinventorGeorgeStephenson'1wasbornin1781and

diedin1848.Oneofhis1importantinventionswasthetrain.He2his

firsttrainwhenhewasfortyfouryearsold.Whenhewasexperimenting2

withthe3engineonthetrain,hemetwith4fromthegovernment,the

newspaperandthegentlemeninthecountry.Theysaidthatthenoiseand

thesmokewould5cows,horsesandsheep,6theenginewouldburstor

thatthehotcoalsfromitwould7theirhouses.Atthattime8people

believedwhattheysaid.

GeorgeStephenson9thepeoplethatthetraincouldgoonsmall10,

couldpullcarriages11goodsandpassengersandtherewas12tothem.

Itwasavery13matterforhimto14thembelieve.However,after15,

hewasabletodoit;andthefirsttrainthat16byStephenson

himself17whathehadsaid.

Thefirstday18thepeoplealongtheway19thenoisesofthetrain

20andsawitrunningquicklytothem,theyranbackhomeasquicklyas

theycouldandclosedtheirdoorstightly,fortheythoughtitagenius

（妖'怪）.Theydidnotdaretocomeoutuntilithadpassed.3

注释：

①GeorgeStephenson乔治•史蒂芬孙（1781T848）,英国铁路的先驱,制

造了第一辆实用蒸汽

机车（1814年）并修建了第一条客运铁路（1825年）o

②experiment动词，意为“做实验”

③直到火车开过去了他们才敢出来。

根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

1.A.veryB.alotc.mostD.much

2.A.madeB.roducedD.did

3.A.electricalB.atomicc.steamD.oil

4.A.successB.troublesc.peopleD.pleasure

5.A.killB.erestD.takeaway

6.A./B.thatc.whatD.which

7.A.pulldownB.blowawayc.setfiretoD.pass

8.A.mostB.fewc.onlyafewD.therich

9.A.saidB.spokec.toldD.warned

10.A.roadsB.riversc.streetsD.rails

11.A.shortofB.fullofc.emptyofD.without

12.A.nogreatdangerB.dangerousc.alotofdangerD.fewdanger

13.A.easyB.difficultc.pleasantD.light

14.A.getB.causec.makeD.force

15.A.sometimesB.sometimec.afewtimesD.sometime

16.A.wassoldB.wasdrivenc.waspulledD.helped

17.A.believedB.seemedc.sensedD.proved

18.A.ofB.whenc.whileD.for

19.A.caughtsightofB.listenedc.heardD.thought

20.A.nearbyB.inthedistanceC.onthefarD.fromthe

distance

答案:

PassageA

本文主要介绍了英国哲学家、散文家培根，让读者了解培根的一些生平及他对

人类的贡献。

1.B本题为推断题。根据第一段第一句可知，培根是在剑桥大学接受的教育，

可知他受过良好的教育。本题也可用排除法选出正确答案，由短文的“oneof

themostimportantphilosophers^^可把A排除；由“hewenttoFranceto

workfortheEnglishambassador可把C排除；由uTwoyearslater,hewent

backtoEnglandtostudylaw”可知，培根17岁就回到了英国学习法律,因

此D

是错误的。正确答案为B。

2.B本题为细节考查题。由短文第二段的第一句"OneoftheBaconbest

knownbookswashis

Essays.”可知培根因他的书籍而出名，Essays只是他著名书籍中的一本。

3.D本题为细节考查题。由第二段的"Eachessaywasashortpieceof

writinginwhichhetriedtogivealessonbydiscussingsidesofasubject

suchasstudying,conversation,friends

andhealthyliving.w可知，正确答案为D。

4.A本题为词义猜测题。词义猜测题应根据其上下文的意思来猜测生词或词

组的意思。本题可由该词组所在句的上句“Later,bydoingexperiments,the

scientistcouldseethatanyonecause

wouldalwayshavethesameresult."得出答案。

5.C本题为判断题。本文最后一句告诉我们归纳推理(inductivereasoning)

的方法在培根时代并

没有广泛运用，由此判断出C项是错误的。

PassageB

本文主要讲述了查理•达尔文不满足于已知的事实，经常通过做实验来证

明别人看来非常容易的

事情。事实上，任何简单的想法都可能改变科学的根基。

LC本题为判断题。短文并没有说CharlesDarwin是哪个国家的科学家，

可排除A；由第二段可知别人认为Darwin的许多实验不值得做，可把B排除；

文中没有论述Darwin与别人相处的事情,可排除D。由“hebelievedallthings

couldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe.(Para

3)”可推出答案C.

2.A本题为词义猜测题。由上文可知作者认为做这个简单实验是重要的，它

解释了目前人们对于物理方面的理解。因此这些理解当然是推翻了一些希腊古

典物理学的观点。由此可推知setaside与

throwaway同义。

3.D本题为主旨大意题。短文的最后一段点明最简单的事情都可能动摇科学

的根基，意在告诉读

者要留意身边的每一件事，哪怕它非常简单。

4.B本题为细节考查题。短文第一段第二句"Ordidhedoexperimentsthat

weresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywere

foolish?"明确告诉我们，有些人认为Darwin

做了愚蠢的实验。

PassageC

LB本题为细节考查题。第二段第一句中提到"Einsteinwasanxiousto

avoidvisitorsandnewsmen.",因此我们知道他十分迫切地想避开前来拜访

的人和新闻记者，从而得出正确答案B。

2.A本题为细节考查题。短文第五段谈到了当妻子让爱因斯坦下楼来加入朋

友的聚会时，他总是

拒绝，因为他忍受不了被别人打搅。

3.D本题为推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段我们知道他认为使用两块肥皂会

使他的生活变得复杂

化，又因他的一个行为准则就是不喜欢受任何规则的约束，因此答案为D。

4.C本题为推理判断题。由短文第七段第一句"Mrs.Einsteinsaidthat

husbandlikedorderinhisthinking,buthedidn't1ikeitinhislife.”

可知B和D是错误的。读完全文，读

者不会感到爱因斯坦非常怪异，相反，我们知道他对人类做出了很大贡献。因

此，答案为C。

PassageD

本文主要介绍了英国著名发明家GeorgeStephenson制造了第一辆实用蒸

汽机车后的一些遭遇以

及让人们了解火车的难度。

1.C火车对于Stephenson来说是他最重要的发明之一，用very表达的程度不如

most深。

2.A因为火车是Stephenson的发明，所以应是“他制造了一辆火车”，而

不是“引进”或“买”

了火车。英语中表示“制造”不用do,选D的同学是受汉语影响。

3.C众所周知，Stephenson发明的是蒸汽机车。

4.B由下文可知,很多人阻止Stephenson制造火车。success和pleasure

与句意不符；如果用

people,应该在people前加the；troubles则符合下文的意思。

5.A他们是阻止Stephenson是因为他们认为噪音和烟等会对他们的牲畜不

利，所以只有kill符

合题意。

6.B该从句后面不缺句子成分，可知C和D是错误的。如果一个谓语动词有

两个或多个宾语从句时，只有第一个宾语从句的引导词that可以省略，其他宾

语从句的引导词不能省略，可得出答案B。

7.C由“coal（煤炭）”可推出答案为Co

8.A由上文可知人们对Stephenson的发明不支持，应是很多人相信他们的

话。

9.C动词say和speak不接双宾语，可以把A和B排除；根据句意可知

Stephenson并不是在警告

人们，而是想告诉人们有关火车的好处。

10.D火车应在铁轨上行驶。

11.B此处是介绍火车的好处一一火车能拉着装满货物和乘客的车厢。

12.AStephenson不可能告诉人们火车有危险，可把B和C排除。few不修

饰不可数名词，可把D

排除。由此可得出答案A。

13.B由下文的However可以知道，让人们相信他是一件困难的事情。

14.C这四个选项中只有make后接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语。

15.Bsometimes和sometime不和after连用，可排除A和D；afewtimes

可与after连用，意

为“几次以后”，不符合题意，排除C。只有B项sometime（一段时间），符合

题意。

16.B由空后by可以判断出此处应用被动结构，可把D排除。再由句意可知，

此处是指Stephenson

亲自驾驶火车，答案为B。

17.D由该句的主语火车可知，它不能和believe、sense连用，可排除A和

C；而seem作为系动词，意思是“好像”，放在此处不符合题意。只有prove

可以表达出“他开的第一辆火车证明了他说

的话”。

18.B此处when引导的是一个定语从句。

19.C词组catchsightof意思是"看见"，不和声音连用；而think放在

此处意思不通顺；由

下文可知此处是指“听到的结果”，而不是听的动作，所以答案为C。

20.B词组inthedistance意思是“在远处”，符合题意。

ButMrs.Einsteinpersuadedherhusbandwithgreatpatienceandhad

himdrinkteawith

themandtakeagoodrest.（Para6,PassageC）

但是爱因斯坦夫人很耐心地说服丈夫，让他和她们一起喝茶，并好好休息一下。

persuade意为“说服”。

(1)表达意图已经达到，否则与宜y连用，或借助于词组“advisesb.todo

sth.o

Ipersuadedmyfathertostopsmoking.我说服父亲戒烟了。

Thegirltriedtopersuadehisbrothernottogothere,butshefailed.

这个女孩尽力说服弟弟不要去那儿，但她失败了。

MybrotheradvisedmetolearnJapanesewell,butIdidn，tlisten.

我的哥哥建议我学好日语，但我不听。

(2)persuade可以有以下几种搭配形式:

©persuadesb.说服某人

©persuadesb.todosth.说服某人做某事

③persuadesb.outof(doing)sth.说服某人不做某事

©o(doing)sth.说服某人做某事

Ipersuadedtheoldmanoutofthestrangeidea.

我说服了那位老人放弃了那个古怪的想法。

Ipersuadedthemintoacceptingit.我说服他们接受了它。

Unit2Newsmedia掌握阅读技巧

要想做好阅读理解试题，除了具备扎实的基本功外，还要具备一定的阅读

技巧。

1.先看问题再看文章。看问题也是对文章进行粗略把握的一种过程，同时,

还可以让大家在阅读文章时有的放矢，进行有针对性阅读。

2.要把握住文章的主题句和中心句。主题句一般在文章第一段或者最后一

段，每一段也有自己的中心句。只要同学们能够把握主题句和中心句，做阅读

理解题就会得心应手。

3.合理分配时间。阅读时应将注意力集中在对文章的整体理解上，不要将

过多的时间浪费在那些无关紧要的内容上。

4.不断增加自己的词汇量。多掌握一些词汇可以提高你的阅读速度，使自

己看文章时不为某一个单词左右。

PassageA

Thefirstnewspaperwaswrittenbyhandandputuponwallsinpublic

places.TheearliestdailynewspaperwasstartedinRomein59B.C.In

the700'stheworld，sfirstprintednewspaperwaspublished.Europe

didn'thavearegularlypublishednewspaperuntil1609,whenonewas

startedinGermany.

ThefirstregularlypublishednewspaperinEnglishwasprintedin

Amsterdamin16201.In1621,anEnglishnewspaperwasstartedinLondon

andwaspublishedonceaweek.ThefirstdailyEnglishnewspaperwasthe

DailyCourtant,whichcameoutinMarch1702.

In1690,BenjaminHarrisprintedthefirstAmericannewspaperin

Boston.Butnotlongafteritwasfirstpublished,thegovernmentstopped

thepaper.In1704,JohnCampbellstartedtheBostonNewspaper,thefirst

newspaperpublisheddailyintheAmericanColonies（殖民地）.By1760,

thecolonieshadhadmorethanthirtydailynewspapers.Therearenow

about1,800dailypapersinUnitedStates.

Today,asagroup,Englishlanguagenewspapershavethelargest

circulationintheworld2.Butthelargestcirculationforanewspaper

isthatoftheJapanesenewspaperAsahiShimbun.Itsellsmorethaneleven

millioncopieseveryyear.

注释：

①ThefirstregularlypublishednewspaperinEnglishwasprinted

inAmsterdamin1620.第一份定期出版的英文报纸于1620年在阿姆斯特丹印

刷。

②Today,asagroup,Englishlanguagenewspapershavethelargest

circulationintheworld.现在，作为一个整体，英文报纸有着世界上最大

的发行量。

根据文章内容，选择正确答案：

1.ThefirstregularlyprintedEuropeannewspaperstartedin

A.Romein59B.C.B.Germanyin1609

C.Amsterdamin1620D.Englandin1621

2.ThefirstdailynewspaperinEnglishstartedin

A.1620B.1621C.1590D.1702

3.Fromthearticle,weknowthat

A.newspapershavethelongesthistoryintheUnitedStates

B.oneEnglishlanguagenewspaperhasthelargestcirculationinthe

world

C.thefirstEnglishnewspaperwasprintedinRomein59B.C.

D.thereareallkindsofnewspapersallovertheworldtoday

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Newspapersstartedin59B.C.

B.GermanyhadtheearliestEuropeanprintednewspaper.

C.ThefirstEnglishnewspaperstartedinEngland.

D.ThefirstAmericannewspapersstoppedbefore1704.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassageshouldbe.

A.HistoryofNewspaper

B.HistoryofDailyNewspaper

C.TheBeginningofNewspapers

D.OnReadingNewspapers

PassageB

Agoodmodernnewspaperisanextraordinary（非凡的）pieceofreading.

Itisremarkably（显著的）firstforwhatitcontains:therangeofnews

fromlocalcrimetointernationalpolitics,fromsportstobusinessto

fashiontoscience,andtherangeofcommentsandspecialfeaturesas

well,fromeditorialpagetofeaturearticlesandinterviewstocriticism

ofbooks,art,theatreandmusic.Anewspaperisevenmoreremarkable

forthewayonereadsit:nevercompletely,neverstraightthrough,but

alwaysbyjumpingfromheretothere,inandoutglancingatonepiece,

readinganotherarticleallthewaythrough,readingjustafewparagraphs

ofthenext.Agoodmodernnewspaperoffersavarietytoattractmany

differentreaders,butfarmorethananyonereaderisinterestedin.

Whatbringsthisvarietytogetherinoneplaceisitstopicality（时

事性），itsimmediaterelationtowhatishappeninginyourworldandyour

localitynow11.Butimmediacyandthespeedofproductionthatgoeswith

itmeanalsothatmuchofwhatappearsinanewspaperhasnomorethan

transient（暂时的）value.Forallthesereasons,notwopeoplereally

readthesamepaper:whateachpersondoesistoputtogetheroutofthe

pagesofthatday'spaper,hisownselectionandsequence,hisown

newspaper.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspaperefficiently,which

meansgettingwhatyouwantfromitwithoutmissingthingsyouneedbut

withoutwastingtime,demandsskillandselfawarenessasyoumodify

andapplythetechniquesofreading4.

注释：

①Whatbringsthisvarietytogetherinoneplaceisitstopicality,

itsimmediaterelationtowhatishappeninginyourworldandyour

localitynow.报纸的时事性以及与当地和世界上正在发生事情的迅速联系性

把这些不同的内容整合在一起。

②Forallthesereasons,readingnewspaperefficiently,whichmeans

gettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissingthingsyouneedbut

withoutwastingtime,demandsskillandselfawarenessasyoumodify

andapplythetechniquesofreading.因为这些原因，有效地看报意味着既

不会漏掉自己需要的又不浪费时间地得到自己想得到的东西，在改进和应用阅

读方法时也需要技巧和自我意识。

根据文章内容，在横线上填上适当的词，完成下面的句子：

1.Amodernnewspaperisremarkableforits,andits

popularity.

2.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatnewspaperreadersusually

readanewspaper.

3.Agoodnewspaperoffers“avariety”toreadersbecause.

4.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe.

PassageC

VisitorstoBritainaresometimessurprisedtolearnthatnewspapers

therehavesuchalargecirculation!.TheuDailyMirrorvandthe“Daily

Express”bothsellaboutfourmillioncopieseveryday.Britishfamilies

generallybuyanewspapereverymorningandtwoorthreeonSundays.

Besidesthenationalpapers,thereis,however,anotherbranch（分

支）oftheBritishpresswhichsellsalmostasmanycopies.Local

newspapershaveaweeklycirculationof13million.Almosteverytown

andcountryareahasone.Nearlyallofthemholdtheirownfinancially

andmanyofthemareveryprofitable（赚钱的）.

Thesepapersarewrittenalmostentirelyforreadersinterestedin

localevents一births,weddings,deaths,council（地方议会）meetings

andsports2.Editorsprefertodependonpeoplewhoknowthedistrict

well.Agreatdealoflocalnewsisregularlysuppliedbyclubsand

churchesintheneighbourhoodanditdoesnotgetoutofdateasquickly

asnationalnews.

Theeditorsmustneverforgetthesuccessofanynewspaperdepends

onadvertising.Heisusuallyanxioustokeepthegoodwilloflocal

businessmenforthisreason.Butifthenewspaperiswellwrittenand

thenewsitemshavebeencarefullychosentodrawlocalreaders,the

businessmenaregratefulfortheopportunitytokeeptheirproductsin

thepubliceyes.

注释：

①VisitorstoBritainaresometimessurprisedtolearnthat

newspaperstherehavesuchalargecirculation.至英国的参观者有时吃

惊地得知那儿的报纸有如此大的发行量。

②Thesepapersarew