英语第六册综合教程课后答案

第1单元

♦alliance♦campaign♦casualty♦conquest♦crucial♦decisive♦

declaration♦efficient♦engage♦heroic♦instruct♦invasion♦launch♦

limp♦minus♦occupation♦offensive♦raw♦reckon♦region♦

render♦retreat♦siege♦stroke♦toll♦weaken4atthecostof♦be

facedwith♦be/getboggeddown♦bringtoahalt♦catchsb.offguard♦die

from/of♦dragonthecaseof♦presson/ahead♦stand/get/beinthe

way.takeagamble<takeits/atoll♦thanksto♦turnthetide(against)

1)TheLaborParty'selectoral(竞选的)strategy,whichwasbasedonatactical

withothersmallerparties,hasprovedsuccessful.

XAnswer:alliance

2)TheNewYorkfirefighters'deedsinrescuingtheSeptember11victims

werecelebratedacrossthecountry.

XAnswer:heroic

3)Byaofgoodluck,Genelle,whohadbeenburiedintherubble(瓦砾)for

morethan26hours,cameoutalive.

XAnswer:stroke

4)Mybrotherwasn'tbadlyhurt,butheinjuredhislegandhadtoaroundfor

afewweeks.

XAnswer:limp

5)Theaircraftwassubjectedtoatestoftemperaturesof65degreesCelsius

andplus120degrees.

XAnswer:minus

6)Taxincentiveswillbeusedtoattractcompaniestothewestern!ofour

countryawayfromtheeastcoast.

XAnswer:regions

7)Theopeningspeechessoundedmorelikeofwarthanofferingsofpeace.

XAnswer:declarations

8)Afterathree-daybythepolice,theterroristswhohadseizedthe

restauranthadtogivein.

XAnswer:siege

9)Oncewesteppedofftheplaneandontotheprairie,weweregreetedbyagustof

andbitingwind.

XAnswer:raw

10)Attacksbyenemyaircraftforcedthetankstofromthecity.

XAnswer:retreat

11)Theharassingproblemsofthepastfewmonthsonherhealthandthere

areshadowsbeneathhereyes.

XAnswer:havetakentheirtoll

12)Workerswhohavetoworkonweekendsarepaidtwicethenormalwages.

nationalholidays,theygettriplepay.

XAnswer:Inthecaseof

13)Theendlesspublicappearancesandshakingofhandsareaninevitablepartofanelection

XAnswer:campaign

14)Thegovernmenttroopsrecapturedthecityfromtherebelstwo

thousandcasualties.

XAnswer:atthecostof

15)Productioninmanyfactoriesbythedelayedarrivalofrawmaterialsdue

tothedockworkers*strike.

XAnswer:hasbeenbroughttoahalt

1)Toraiseproductivity,manyfactorieshavebeguntolayoffworkers.Nowthegovernment

theproblemofhelpingcreatejobsforthelargenumberof

unemployed.(face)

XAnswer:isfacedwith

2)Ifyouletyourselfinpaperwork,you'llneverfindtimetodealwiththe

reallyimportantissues,(bog)

XAnswer:getboggeddown

3)Despitefierceopposition,thegovernmentwithitscampaigntoeliminate

corruption,(press)

^Answer:ispressingon/ispressedon

4)"Wecouldtakenochances;ifwefailinNormandythewarmightIfor

years,"saidtheAlliedcommander-in-chief,(drag)

XAnswer:dragon

5)Susannevertookanycookerycourses;shelearnedcookingbylusefultips

fromTVcookeryprograms,(pick)

XAnswer:pickingup

6)TheirmarriagewasalreadyIevenbeforehiswifewentabroad,(fall)

XAnswer:fallingapart

7)Astheeconomyshowsnosignsofpickingup,manycompaniesIoncapital

investment,(cut)

XAnswer:cutback

8)ThemanagersuddenlyfellillzandI'vehadto.(take)

XAnswer:takeover

1)Asaresultoftherapidadvanceingenetherapy,curesforcancermaybenotfaraway.

Therapidadvanceingenetherapyma.(conquest)

XAnswer:leadtotheconquestofcancerinthenearfuture

2)Thousandsofpeoplewerekilledorwoundedintheborderdisputebetweenthetwo

countries.

Theborderdispute.(casualty)

XAnswer:betweenthetwocountriesresultedinthousandsofcasualties

3)Knowingthatshecan'tmoveaheadinhercareermainlyduetoherleisureinterests,Sara

isdeterminedtomakeachange.

SarahasmadeuphermindthatherleisureinterestsI.(getinthewayof)

XAnswer:will/shouldnevergetinthewayofhercareer

4)Itwasobviousthattheforeignministerhadneverthoughtthatthereporterwouldaskhim

suchaquestion.

Obviouslythereporter'squestionI.(catchsb.offguard)

XAnswer:caughttheforeignministeroffguard

5)Fewpeopleusethesliderule(计算尺)sincetheintroductionoftheelectroniccalculator.

TheintroductionoftheelectroniccalculatorI.(render)

XAnswer:hasrenderedtheslideruleoutofdate/obsolete

1)Atthattime,theenemyforcesweremuchsuperiortoours,sowehadtogiveup

bigcitiesandtheruralandmountainousIto

buildupourbaseareas,(retreat,region,occupation)

XAnswer:theoccupationof,retreatto,regions

2)UnityisItheIoperationofanorganization.Failure

thisproblemwillitsstrength.Inmanycases,workmay

byconstantinternalstruggleinanorganization,(crucial,weaken,reckon

with,bringtoahalt,efficient)

XAnswer:crucialto,efficient,toreckonwith,weaken,bebroughttoahalt

3)TheRedArmyfoughtbattleatStalingradandwonlvictory

againsttheGermans.Infact,thisbattleintheSecondWorldWar.During

thisfamousbattle,theSoviettroopswithstoodtheGermanandweakened

theGermanarmyIaseriesofcounterattacks,(heroic,siege,launch,turnthe

tide,decisive)

XAnswer:aheroic,thedecisive,turnedthetide,siege,bylaunching

1)DuringtheFirstWorldWar,battlesoccurredhereandthereovervastareas.Someofthe

mostdramaticfightingoccurredinthegloomytrenchesofFranceandBelgiumandinthe

no-man's-landbetweenthetrenches.

XAnswer:DuringtheFirstWorldWar,battlesoccurredhereandthereovervast

areas.Someofthemostdramaticfightingtookplaceinthegloomytrenchesof

FranceandBelgiumandintheno-man's-landbetweenthetrenches.

2)Elizabethmadecarefulpreparationsfortheinterviewandherpreparationspaidoff.

XAnswer:Elizabethmadecarefulpreparationsfortheinterviewandherefforts

paidoff./Elizabethmadecarefulpreparationsfortheinterviewandherhomework

paidoff.

3)Ispenthourstryingtotalkhimintoacceptingthesettlement,butheturnedadeafearto

allmytalk.

XAnswer:Ispenthourstryingtotalkhimintoacceptingthesettlement,buthe

turnedadeafeartoallmywords.

4）Pneumoniahadseverelyweakenedherbody,andIwonderedhowherweakbodycould

withstandthesevereweather.

'Answer:Pneumoniahadseverelyweakenedherbody,andIwonderedhowher

fragilebodycouldwithstandtheharshweather.

1）Butoftenitisnotuntilwe（生病的时候）thatwefinallylearntoappreciate

goodhealth.

XAnswer:fallill

2）Aricholdlady（死了躺在家里两个星期）--andnobodyknewanythingabout

XAnswer:laydeadathomefortwoweeks

3）It'ssaidthathel（猝死于心脏病）whenhewasatwork.

XAnswer:droppeddeadfromaheartattack

4）Don'tsittooclosetothefiretokeepwarm-youcouldeasilygetburned,especiallyifyou

（睡着了）.

XAnswer:fallasleep

5）Inthosedayspeoplebelievedin（早结婚）andhavingchildrenearly.

XAnswer:marryingyoung

6）LittleTomwasunable（坐着不动超过几分钟）.

XAnswer:tositstillforlongerthanafewminutes

alliance♦campaign♦casualty♦conquest♦crucial♦decisive♦

declaration♦efficient♦engage♦heroic♦instruct♦invasion♦launch♦

limp♦minus♦occupation♦offensive♦raw♦reckon♦region♦

render♦retreat♦siege♦stroke♦toll♦weaken4atthecostof♦be

facedwith♦be/getboggeddown♦bringtoahalt♦catchsb.offguard♦die

from/of♦dragon<10thecaseof♦presson/ahead♦stand/get/beinthe

way♦takeagamble♦takeits/atoll♦thanksto♦turnthetide(against)

WhenHitlerdecidedtolaunchhisI(1)ofRussia,hethoughtthatnothing

couldI(2)ofhisarmies.I(3)zitseemed,wasinevitable.He

hadsurpriseonhisside,IStalinI(4)byI(5)

hisattackwithoutaI(6)ofwar.HitlerexpectedtheI(7)to

lastonlyafewmonths.Intheevent,itwastoI(8)formuchlonger.Like

Napoleonbeforehim,hehadmadeafatalmistakeinfailingtoI(9)the

severityoftheRussianweather.ManyGermansoldiersweretoI(10)thecold

aswintersetin,ItheGermanadvanceI(11).

Xl)Answer:invasion

X2)Answer:standintheway

X3)Answer:Conquest

X4)Answer:catching

X5)Answer:offhisguard

X6)Answer:launching

X7)Answer:declaration

X8)Answer:campaign

X9)Answer:dragon

XlO)Answer:reckonwith

1)Answer:diefrom

Xi2)Answer:bringing

Xi3)Answer:toahalt

Whatflieswithoutwings,hitswithouthands,andseeswithouteyes?TheWhiteDragon,or

avalanche.I(1)Europe,thisoldriddle(谜语)hasbeentold

(2)theMiddleAges,when(3)firstmountainsettlersbraved

coldwinters(4)thedangerouswavesofsnow.Thepeoplealsocalled

(5)theWhiteDeath,sentbydevils(6)rodeonthewhite

massofsnow.

Someoftheearliestreports(7)avalanchescomefromHannibal's

famousmarch(8)theAlpsin218B.C.Crossingoverthehighmountains

withtroopsandelephanttrains(9)fightagainsttheRomanarmies,the

generalI(10)thousandsofmenandanimalsI(11)disease,

coldandavalanches.

In1800,NapoleontriedtocrosstheGreatSt.BernardPassintheAlps

(12)hisarmy.ThousandsofhismenwereI(13)beneath50

feetofsnow.DuringWorldWarI,menfighting(14)theTyroleanMountains

lostmorenumberstoavalanches(15)tobullets—morethan40,000lost

theirlives(16)1915and1918.

Theword"avalanche"comes(17)theFrenchwordfor"descent(卜,降)

inreference(18)thedescentofsnow,ice,rocks,orearththatrushes

(19)mountainslopes.

Xi)Answer:In

X2)Answer:since

X3)Answer:the

X4)Answer:and

X5)Answer:it

X6)Answer:that/who

X7)Answer:of/about

X8)Answer:across

X9)Answer:to

Xi0)Answer:lost

Xi1)Answer:to

Xi2)Answer:with

Xi3)Answer:buried

Xi4)Answer:in

X15)Answer:than

Xi6)Answer:between

Xi7)Answer:from

Xi8)Answer:to

Xi9)Answer:down

攻势已经持续了三天，但是我们并没有取得多少进展。我们在前线与敌人交战的部队遇到了强力的抵抗。

师长(divisioncommander)命令我们营(battalion)绕到敌人后方发起突然袭击。然而，要绕到敌人

后方，我们必须越过•片沼泽地(marshland)。我们很多人担心会陷入泥潭之中。我们营长决定冒下

险。我们在夜幕掩盖下出发，不顾困难，奋勇向前。幸运的是，夜间温度突然下降到摄氏零下20度，烂

泥地都结上了冰。由于这寒冷的天气，我们于天亮前到达并从敌人后方发起进攻。这一下扭转了战局。敌

人没有戒备，不久便投降了。

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ALJ2r

Answer:Theoffensivehadalreadylastedthreedays,butwehadnotgainedmuch

ground.Ourtroopsengagingtheenemyatthefrontwerefacedwith

strong/fierce/stiffresistance.Thedivisioncommanderinstructedourbattalionto

getaroundtotherearoftheenemyandlaunchasurpriseattack.Todoso,

however,wehadtocrossamarshlandandmanyofuswereafraidwemightget

boggeddowninthemud.Ourbattalioncommanderdecidedtotakeagamble.We

startedundercoverofdarknessandpressedoninspiteofgreatdifficulties.Bya

strokeofluck,thetemperatureatnightsuddenlydroppedtominus20degrees

Celsiusandthemarshfrozeover.Thankstothecoldweather,wearrivedatour

destinationbeforedawnandbeganattackingtheenemyfromtherear.Thisturned

thetideofthebattle.Theenemy,caughtoffguard,soonsurrendered.

第2单元

♦alert♦application♦approximately♦bunch♦convert♦correlate♦

decrease♦eliminate♦expansion♦frequency♦hazard♦highway♦

incorporate0lane♦lucrative♦magnetic♦manufacture♦

monotonous♦mount♦pollution♦presently♦prototype♦satellite♦

vapor♦vibrate0aswell♦bepoisedto(do)♦get/bestuckin(sth.)

theair♦sendout♦startup<takecontrolof♦o/become(a)

reality

1)BeforeAnglo-Americanwestward,NorthAmericahadbeenshapedby

manyothercultures.

XAnswer:expansion

2)AftertheUnitedStatesenteredWorldWarIIin1941,GeneralMotors(GM)ceasedcivilian

automobileproductionandstartedItanks,airplanes,weapons,andotherwar

suppliesfortheAlliedforces.

XAnswer:manufacturing

3)Warmerairisabletoholdmorewaterthancoldairandsohasahigher

humidity.

XAnswer:vapor

4)InmostcommunitiesintheUnitedStates,thelocalAmericanRedCrosschapterhasbeen

authorizedtocertainlocalpublicbuildingsintimesofemergency.

XAnswer:takecontrolof

5)Trafficcontrolestablishesasetofrulesandinstructionsthatdrivers,pilots,train

engineers,andshipcaptainsrelyontoavoidcollisions(碰撞)andother

XAnswer:hazards

6)SincethelaunchingofthefirstartificialIin1957,thousandsof"man-made

moons"havebeenrocketedintotheEarth'sorbit,eachdesignedtoserveaspecificpurpose

ormission.

^Answer:satellite

7)TelecommunicationsdevicesIdifferenttypesofinformation,suchassound

andvideo,intoelectronicsignals.

XAnswer:convert

8)Radiotelescopeshaveprovidedvaluableinformationaboutotherstarsandaboutthe

fieldsofotherplanetsinoursolarsystem,especiallyJupiter's.

XAnswer:magnetic

9)Atthebeginningoftherace,therunnerswereItogetheronthetrack,but

latersomeofthemgotaheadandlefttheothersbehind.

XAnswer:bunched

10)Fromthecontroltower,airtrafficcontrollerscoordinateaircraftmovementboth

andontheground.

XAnswer:intheair

11)FurthertroublesdevelopedinOctober1995whenthetaperecorderintheorbiterGalileo

the"rewind"positionfor15hours,wearingoutasectionofthetape.

XAnswer:gotstuckin/wasstuckin

12)In1978zatthebeginningofthereformperiod,11,000Chinesestudents

wentabroadtopursuefurtherstudies.

XAnswer:approximately

13)Thedevelopmentofanewtoolfordetectinginfectious(传染的)diseasesisanotherstep

incommercialofthegrowingscienceofnanotechnology(纳米技术).

XAnswer:application

14)"OurroutineonMir(和平号空间站)rarelychanged,butthedayswerenot

atall.Iwaslivingeveryscientist'sdream,"saidoneRussianastronaut.

XAnswer:monotonous

15)In1885theGermanengineerGottliebDaimlerandtheGermaninventorWilhelm

MaybachIagasoline-poweredengineontoabicycle,creatingamotorcycle.

XAnswer:mounted

Model:

Itcansenseifadriverisdrunkviaelectronicsensorsthatcanpickupalcoholvaporintheair,

andrefusetotheengine,(start)

—Itcansenseifadriverisdrunkviaelectronicsensorsthatcanpickupalcoholvaporinthe

air,andrefusetostartuptheengine.

1)BatsIsoundwavesandmakesenseoftheirenvironmentfromtheechoes

theyreceive,(send)

XAnswer:sendout

2)Dealingwithdifficultpeopleisapartofeverydaylife,andtherearewaysyoucan

yourselfwithoutstartinganargument,(stand)

XAnswer:standupfor

3)ScientistsissuedreportsonthesevereclimatechangesthatcouldIthe

greenhouseeffect,sayingthataverageglobaltemperaturescouldstarttorisenoticeably

withinafewdecades,(result)

XAnswer:resultfrom

4)Ididn'ttravelmuchwhenIwasyounger,butI'mcertainlylosttimenow.

(make)

XAnswer:makingupfor

5)Catherinewaiteduntilthechildrenwentinsidethebuildingbeforethecar

anddrivingoff.(start)

XAnswer:startingup

6)"Whenyougoforthatjobinterview,"mymumsaid,"remembertobeconfidentand

yourexperienceinteachinginJapan.'*(play)

XAnswer:playup

7)BlackAmericanswillneverIthefreedomthattheyhavewon.(give)

XAnswer:giveup

8)Thankyouforaskingme,butI'mafraidIjustcan'tIanymoreworkatthe

moment,(take)

XAnswer:takeon

1)Withregardtotherecentfloodofcorporatescandals,someprofessorsfromStanfordand

HarvardsaythatEnron'sreal-worldlessonswillbeincludedintheirclassroomwork.

Withregardtotherecentfloodofcorporatescandals,someprofessorsfromStanfordand

HarvardsaythattheyI.(incorporate)

XAnswer:willincorporateEnron*sreal-worldlessonsintotheirclassroomwork

2)Ourvacationwasadisaster:notonlywasthefoodterriblebuttheweatherwasawful.

Ourvacationwasadisaster:thefoodwasterrible,I.(aswell)

XAnswer:andtheweatherwasawfulaswell

3)It'ssaidcasinos(赌场)bringMacaolotsofprofit.AsaSpecialAdministrativeRegion(SAR),

thegamblingindustryispermittedtostayalthoughgamblingremainsillegalontheChinese

mainland.

AsaSpecialAdministrativeRegion(SAR),Macaoispermittedtoretainits

.(lucrative)

XAnswer:lucrativegamblingindustryalthoughgamblingremainsillegalonthe

Chinesemainland

4)Itisusualformanufacturerstofirstbuildanexperimentalmodelofanewcarbeforethey

setupafactorytomakethecars.

ManufacturersusuallybeginbybuildingI.(prototype)

XAnswer:theprototypeofanewmodelbeforetheysetupafactorytomakethe

cars

5)Medicalevidenceshowsthatsmokingcouldresultinlungcancer.

MedicalevidenceshowsthatsmokingandlungcancerI.(correlate)

XAnswer:arecorrelated

1)Expandeduseofcomputertechnology,developmentofstrongerandlightermaterials,and

researchIcontrolwillproducebetter,and"smarter"automobiles.Inthe

1980sthenotionthatacarwould"talk"toitsdriverwassciencefiction;bythe1990sit

,moreorless.IautomobilecompaniessuchasGMand

NissanIlaunchnewadvertisingcampaignsfortheirsmartcars,(becomea

reality,pollution,bepoisedto,presently)

XAnswer:inpollution/intopollution,hadbecomeareality,Presently,arepoisedto

2)SoundsareproducedbyobjectsIintheairataratethattheearcandetect.

ThisrateiscalledIandismeasuredinhertz(赫兹),orvibrationspersecond,

(frequency,vibrate)

'Answer:thatvibrate,frequency

3)Reflectivedevicesaremorevisibleatnightandareusedinsomelocationstomark

andothersignificantplacesontheroad.What'smore,automated

vehicle-controltechnologiesIunderdevelopmenttoimprove

safety.ThesedevicesIinthevehicleandcan

drivertoanimpending(即将发生的)Ior,inanemergency,

override(不顾)theactionsofthedriver,(mount,highway,hazard,lane,alert,presently)

^Answer:lanes,arepresently,highway,aremounted,alerta,hazard

Clippingmeansformingawordbyomittingsomelettersofaword.e.g.

ad(TextA,Unit3,Bookadvertisement

lab(TextA,Unit3,BookI)<-laboratory

math(TextBzUnit8,BookI)<-mathematics

Blendingmeansformingawordbycombiningpartsofsomeotherwords.e.g.

smog(TextBzUnit8,BookII)<-smokeandfog

motel<-motorandhotel

telematics(TextA,Unit2,BookIV)<-telecommunicationandinformatics(信息学)

ClippedWordsBlends

1______X

kilo%Medicare

Answer:medical

Answer:kilogram

care

1_______lxT_1______X

memoemail

Answer:Answer:electronic

memorandummail

1_______X1X

gymcomsatAnswer:

Answer:

communications

gymnasium

satellite

lib।X\X

newscast

Answer:news

Answer:liberation

broadcast

IL1X

doc1—八autopilot

Answer:automatic

Answer:doctor

pilot

1_______lx1______X

vetEurodollar

Answer:Answer:European

veterinariandollar

1_______lx1_______X

prepbrunch

Answer:Answer:breakfast

preparatorylunch

1_______.lx1

X

autotelecast

Answer:Answer:television

automobilebroadcast

1）Anew（游泳池）onthecampusisduetoopenupnextweek.

XAnswer:swimmingpool

2）Suesailedintoherroomwithher（画板），whistlingamerrytune.

XAnswer:drawingboard

3）OverthreecenturiesEnglishgraduallyswallowedFrench,andbytheendofthe15th

centurywhathaddevelopedintobeingwasamodified,greatlyI（丰富了的中

古英

XAnswer:enrichedMiddleEnglish

4）ThepredictionsaboutcarbondioxideanditsroleinglobalwarmingsetforthbyArrhenius

werevirtuallyignoredforoverhalfacentury,untilscientistsbegantodetecta

（令人不安的变化）inatmosphericlevelsofcarbondioxide.

XAnswer:disturbingchange

5）Anewcomponentsystem（suchasanewbrakingsystem）inaI（得至U完全

开发的样机）cantakeaslongasfouryearstoincorporateintoanewmodel.

XAnswer:fullydevelopedprototype

6）（罐装食品）arepopularbecausetheyarealreadypartiallypreparedand

cooked,canbestoredwithoutrefrigerationforlongperiods,andaregenerallylowincost.

XAnswer:Cannedfoods

7）Asthepercentageofolderpeopleinthepopulationincreasesandthesizeofthe

（工作人员）declines,traditionalmethodsforcaringfortheoldmayneedtobe

modified.

XAnswer:workingpopulation

8)ScientistswhoquestiontheglobalwarmingtrendpointtothreeI(令人费解

的不同之处)betweenthepredictionsoftheglobalwarmingmodelsandtheactualbehaviorof

theclimate.

XAnswer:puzzlingdifferences

1)ThanksgivingintheU.S.A.,likeSpringFestivalinChina,bringsfamiliesbacktogether

Ithecountry.

XAnswer:fromacross

2)Themonkeysuddenlyemergedthetree,frighteningLucyintoscreaming.

XAnswer:frombehind

3)Momsaidthatshewouldnotallowmetobuyanewcomputerunlessthepricedropped

2000yuan.

XAnswer:tobelow

4)Ithechores,Jimmanagedtospend50to60hoursaweekworkingatthe

computerordoingreportingforthefreelancearticleshesellstomagazines.

XAnswer:Inbetween

1)Mostpeoplehowlivingwithone'sownchildrencouldbelonely,(find,

hard,understand)

XAnswer:findithardtounderstand

2)ThemanagerIthefivemisbehavingsecretariesinordertomaintain

administrative(行政的)discipline,(feel,necessary,remove)

XAnswer:feltitnecessarytoremove

3)TheSenatorIfreeMedicaretothosew