2024届高考一轮复习英语高考题型组合练（人教版）选择性Unit2IconicAttractions

选择性必修第四册Unit2IconicAttractions高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AIn1969，watchingthelandingofApollo11ontheMoononTVfromhisparents’farminCanada，ChrisHadfieldwasamazedandthatday，atonlynineyearsold，Chrismadethemostimportantdecisionofhislife：Hewasgoingtobeanastronaut.Therewasn’tevenatrainingprograminCanadatobecomeanastronaut；butChriswasspentagreatdealoftimestudyingandfixingschoolhejoinedtheCanadianarmywherehelearnedtoflymanydifferenttypesofdidalotofresearchfortheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)intheUnitedStatesandhadspecial，in1995，herodehisfirstrocketintospace.ChrisbecamethefirstCanadianastronauttowalkinspace，andwentonanumberofspacemissionsthroughouthismostmemorablewashisfive-monthstayontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)ascommander，betweenDecember2012andMaypostedonsocialmediathousandsofphotosofEarthandvideosofhimselfexplaininghowthingsworkinzerofollowerscouldwatchhimsleeping，brushinghisteeth，washinghishands，orpreparing“space”snacksinzerogravity，whichturnedhimintoasocialmediaphenomenon.Today，Christravelstheworldgivingtalksabouthisoncesaid，“Decideinyourheartofheartswhatreallyexcitesandchallengesyou，andstartmovingyourlifeinthatdecisionyoumake，fromwhatyoueattowhatyoudowithyourtimetonight，turnsyouintowhoyouareatwhoyouwanttobe，andstartsculptingyourselfintothatmaynotgetexactlywhereyouthoughtyou’dbe，butyouwillbedoingthingsthatsuityouinaprofessionyoubelieve’tletliferandomlykickyouintotheadultyoudon’twanttobecome.”语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加拿大航天员ChrisHadfield小时候看到阿波罗11号登陆月球后，励志成为一名宇航员的故事。1．WhatledChristomakeuphismindtobeanastronaut?A．Thelifeonhisparents’farm.B．Hisabilitytoflyvariousplanes.C．Apollo11’slandingontheMoon.D．Hispassionforstudyingengines.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，阿波罗11号登陆月球使Chris下定决心成为一名宇航员。故选C。2．WhichofthefollowingwasbestworthrememberingaboutChris’career?A．ServingintheCanadianarmy.B．WorkingascommanderontheISS.C．ReceivingalotoftrainingfromtheNASA.D．BeingthefirstCanadianastronauttowalkinspace.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Themostmemorablewashisfive-monthstayontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)ascommander”可知，Chris的职业生涯中最值得记忆的是他在国际空间站担任指挥官的经历。故选B。3．WhatmadeChrispopularinthemedia?A．Thespacetasksheconductedinhislife.B．Thepicturesandvideoshepostedonline.C．Hisstrongdeterminationtopursuehisdream.D．HisgreatcontributionstoCanada’sspaceindustry.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“HepostedonsocialmediathousandsofphotosofEarthandvideosofhimselfexplaininghowthingsworkinzerogravity...whichturnedhimintoasocialmediaphenomenon.”可知，Chris上传到网上的照片和视频使Chris在媒体中很受欢迎。故选B。4．WhatcanwelearnfromChris’wordsinthelastparagraph?A．Courageiswhatittakestoovercomedifficulties.B．Opportunitiesgohandinhandwithchallenges.C．Fromsmallbeginningscomegreatendings.D．Thesecretofsuccessliesinthefirmaim.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Decideinyourheartofheartswhatreallyexcitesandchallengesyou，andstartmovingyourlifeinthatdirection.”及“Don’tletliferandomlykickyouintotheadultyoudon’twanttobecome.”可知，从Chris的话中，我们可以知道，要想成功，一定要坚定自己的目标。故选D。BPlasticssustainabilityhascomealongwayinrecentyearsinlargepartthankstoscientificevenasplasticsbecomemoreandmoreenvironmentallyfriendly，theworldcontinuestobepollutedasmanyindustriesrelyonthemfortheirwidely-usedproducts.ThelatestresearchfromDrJunpengWang，assistantprofessorinUA’sSchoolofPolymerScienceandPolymerEngineering，hasamethodtoreducesuchwasteandclearascientificpathwaytoamoresustainablefuturethatcanappealtotherubber，tyre，automobileandelectronicsindustries.Theproblemathand：Syntheticpolymers，includingrubberandplastics，areusedinnearlyeveryaspectofdailyadvantageofsyntheticpolymerslieslargelyintheirexcellentstabilityandvariousmechanical，duetotheirhighdurability，wastematerialsmadeofthesepolymershaveaccumulatedinthelandandoceans，causingseriousconcernsfortheecosystem.Apromisingmethodtotacklethechallengesinplasticssustainabilityistoreplacecurrentpolymerswithrecyclableonesinordertoachieveacircularuseofmaterials.Thekeyinthedesignofchemicallyrecyclablepolymersistoidentifytherightcarefulcomputationalcalculation，theresearchersidentifiedatargetingthenpreparedthemonomerandpolymersthroughchemicalsynthesis，usingabundantlyavailablestartingmaterials.Wang’sresearchgroup，includingpolymersciencegraduatestudentsandapostdoctoralscientist，aimstodeveloppolymersthatcanbebrokendownintotheirtheelementforbreakingthemdownisabsentorremoved，thepolymerswillbehighlystableandtheirthermalandmechanicalqualitiescanbetunedtomeettheneedsofvariousapplications.“Thechemicallyrecyclablepolymerswedevelopedshowexcellentthermalstabilityandmechanicalqualitiesandcanbeusedtopreparebothrubberandplastics，”saysWang.“Weexpectthismaterialtobeanattractivecandidatetoreplacecurrentpolymers.”eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了解决塑料可持续性问题的新方法。)5．WhatdoweknowaboutDrJunpengWang’sresearch?A．Ithelpsimprovethelevelofplasticsstability.B．Itshowsplasticsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendly.C．Itoffersmorewidely-usedproductstomanyindustries.D．Ittriestodevelopawaytorecycleplasticsscientifically.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThelatestresearchfromDrJunpengWang...hasamethodtoreducesuchwasteandclearascientificpathwaytoamoresustainablefuture...”可知，该项研究试图开发一种科学回收塑料的方法。故选D。6．What’stheauthor’sattitudetothecurrentsyntheticpolymers?A．Objective. B．Favorable.C．Unconcerned. D．Doubtful.答案A解析观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Theadvantageofsyntheticpolymerslieslargelyintheirexcellentstabilityandvariousmechanical，duetotheirhighdurability，wastematerialsmadeofthesepolymershaveaccumulatedinthelandandoceans，causingseriousconcernsfortheecosystem.”可推知，该段既提到了聚合物的优势又提到了缺点，故推测作者对现有的聚合物持客观的态度。故选A。7．Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A．Astudyconductedtomakeplasticslastalongerperiodoftime.B．Aqualityforplasticstosatisfytheneedsofvariousindustries.C．Anewmethoddevelopedtosolvetheplasticssustainabilityproblem.D．Aresearchgroupdevotedtoplasticssustainabilityfortheecosystem.答案C解析主旨大意题。通读全文尤其第二段内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种解决塑料可持续性问题的新方法。故选C。8.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythetextappear?A．Relationship. B．Fashion.C．Culture. D．Science.答案D解析文章出处题。本文主要介绍了一种解决塑料可持续性问题的新方法。文章可能会出现在报纸的“科学”版面上。故选D。CIfyouwereasuperhero，whatwouldyoursuperpowerbe？Wouldyouwanttoflyorbeinvisible？Or，perhaps，you’dratherhavethepowertoreadminds？Wouldn’tthatbecool?Readingmindsisnotasfar-fetchedasyoumightfact，researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyhavedevelopedawearabledevicethatcanactuallyexpressaperson’sthoughtsandallowthemtotalktoacomputer—withoutanyoneelsehearing.Thedevice，calledAlterEgo，allowsapersontocontrolacomputerandaskitquestionswithouteversayingonetheindividualwearingthedevicethinksofawordoraphrasebutdoesnotspeakit，AlterEgopicksuptheneuromuscular(神经肌肉)signalsinthatperson’sjawandsendsthosesignalstoacomputer，whichisprogrammedtoassociatethemwithspecificwords.Thedeviceisfairlya10-persontrial，AlterEgohada92%transcription(转录)saythatnumberwillincreaseovertime.“Ourideawas：Couldwehaveacomputingplatformthat’smoreinternal，thatcombineshumanandmachineinsomewaysandthatfeelslikeaninternalextensionofourownthoughts？”ArnavKapur，agraduatestudentattheMITMediaLabsaid.Sowhateffectcouldthishaveoncommunication？AlterEgocanchangethewayhumansinteractwithcomputers，allowingustosilentlyconnectwithAIassistantssuchasAmazon’sAlexa，Google’sAssistantorApple’sSiriwithoutanyoneapersonishavingaconversationandwantstolookupabitofinformation，theydon’thavetotakeouttheirdigitaldevice；insteadtheycanjustthinkofthewillanswerwithoutinterruptingthedevicecanalsohelppeoplecommunicateinnoisysituations，suchasonafactoryfloorintheairport.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了麻省理工学院的研究人员开发出了一种能够真实表达人的想法的可穿戴设备AlterEgo，同时介绍了其工作原理和对人类交流的影响。9．Whyarethequestionsraisedinparagraph1?A．Toaskreadersfortheiropinions.B．Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.C．Toinspirereaders’imagination.D．Toshowtheauthor’scuriosity.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第二段第一句可知，第一段通过提问的方式导入文章关于“读心设备”的主题，引出下文。故选B。10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph3referto?A．Thequestions. B．Thecomputers.C．Thesignals. D．Thewords.答案C解析代词指代题。根据第三段中“Whentheindividualwearingthedevicethinksof...whichisprogrammedtoassociatethemwithspecificwords.”可知，AlterEgo通过拾取神经肌肉信号并将其发送到计算机，计算机通过编程将这些信号与特定的单词相关联，所以画线词them指代的是上文的“信号(Thesignals)”。故选C。11．WhatinfluencewillAlterEgohaveonpeople’scommunication?A．PeoplecanapplyAIassistantsskilfully.B．Peoplewillmakegoodmind-readers.C．Peoplenolongerneedmobilephones.D．Peoplecancommunicatemoresmoothly.答案D解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容可知，AlterEgo可以使人们不需要说话就可以彼此交流，还能帮助人们在嘈杂的环境中进行交流，可得出AlterEgo会对人们的交流产生的影响是使人们可以更顺畅地交流。故选D。12．Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AlterEgoFreesPeopleofThinkingB．WearableDeviceControlsComputerC．SilentReaderofYourMindComesTrueD．CommunicationIsEasywithAIAssistants答案C解析标题归纳题。通读文章可知，文章主要介绍了读心设备AlterEgo使人们不需要说话就可以彼此交流，真实地表达一个人的想法，C项“无声的读心术成真了”符合文意。故选C。Ⅱ.七选五(2023·江苏苏州八校联考)Whileanewenvironmentisexciting，theadjustmentprocesscanbeifeverythingisgoingwellatthebeginningofyournewjoborschool，somethingunexpectedcanhappen.1Thefollowingtipswillhelpyouadapttoanewenvironmentmorequicklyandsmoothly.Askisunderstandablethatwhenyoustart，youdon’twanttoshowyouneedadditionalexplanation，butyouhavetorememberyouarenew!Youarelearninganentirelydifferentprocess，sotherewillbethingsyouneedtoasktounderstand.2Infact，ithastheexactoppositewillnotonlyimpressotherswithyouroriginalideasbutalsoopenupopportunitiestobuildrelationshipsacrossyournewteam.Seekoutamentor(指导者)．Havingamentor，particularlyatthebeginning，canmakeyouradaptationmuchmorepersoncanbeyourboss，yourprofessor，orjustafriendlyclassmateorco-worker.3Andmoreimportantly，theycanhelpyoulearnsomeessentialthingsyouwon’tfindinthehandbook.Gettoknowyourmentor，makeitaprioritytofindmorenewdoesmakeaconsiderableway，youwillfeelmoreconnectedandapartofthings，insteadofbeingandoesn’tmeanyouhavetogotoeverycornerandintroduceyourself.