2020二轮英语模拟卷不含听力

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

高考仿真模拟卷（一）

（时间：100分钟,满分：120分）

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Whilesmartphonesstandaccusedofavarietyofcrimes,thesepocketcomputerscancertainly

beaforceforgood.Yourphoneisalwayswithyou,makingittheperfectdevicetopushyouintoa

morebeneficialwayofliving.Herearesomeofthebestappsthatcanhelp.

Habitica

Habiticaturnsthegoalofforminggoodhabitsintoagame,withitsowncharactersand

scoring.It'salotoffun,andtheappalsoletsyoubuildhabitswithfriendsandfamily.Inaddition

toregularrepeatinghabits,youcanaddamoregeneralto-dolist,andtherewardsyougetcanbe

customizedtoo-youcouldtreatyourselftoamealoutoranextrahourofgames.

SmokeFree

Ifyou'vegotaspecifichabitinmindyou'IIusuallyfindspecificappstohelp,likeSmoke

Free.Ifyou'redeterminedtogiveupsmoking,thisisoneofthemostcomprehensiveappsfor

givingyouthatextrapushyouneedtomakeapermanentchange.Theappoffersahostofuseful

featurestopeoplewantingtogosmoke-free:theabilitytoseeyourprogressovertime,charts

showinghowyourhealthisimproving,day-by-dayencouragement,andsomeadviceon

techniquesforgivingupsmoking.

MyFitnessPal

Youcanfindtonsofhealthandfitnessappsforyourphone,butMyFitnessPalstandsoutnot

justbecauseitiseasytouse,butbecauseitmakespracticalsuggestionsforyou.Itcantakeina

hostofdata,fromthecalories（卡路里）you'retakingintothenumberofswimsyou'redoingper

week,andofferreportsoncalorieconsumptionandmacronulrienl（大量营养素）breakdown.

1.WhatcanHabiticahelpyoutodo?

A.Winatoughgame.

B.Startalastingfriendship.

C.Findafancyrestaurant.

D.Developapleasanthabit.

2.WhichofthefollowingcanSmokeFreeprovide?

A.Thefreedomtosmoke.

B.Theabilitytomakeprogress.

C.Adviceonhowtoquitsmoking.

D.Chartsaboutyourexcellenthealth.

3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthethreeappsmentionedinthetext?

A.Theyrrecheap.

B.They'repractical.

C.They'refree.

D.They'reinteresting.

B

IttookmultipleweddingsforChristineLawtorealizewhatsheneededtodo.Inthesummer

of2014,herschedulewaspackedwithfriends'marriagecelebrations一flower-filledoccasions

thatgotherthinking,uWheredoalltheflowersgoaftertheparty?”Moreoftenthannot,they

werethrownaway.Lawwasconfidentshecouldfindabetterusefbrthem.

ByAugust,shehadaplan：convincecouplesandcompanieshostingeventstodonatetheir

flowers,whichshewouldpickupanddeliverwithin48hourstoseniorsacrossthecity.Shewanted

tobringbeautyintothelivesoftheelderly.Shedrewonherexperiencethroughbeingavolunteer

innon-profitinstitutionsinordertosetupherownorganization,whichshecalledFloranthropie.

Nothavingenoughbouquets（花束）forall150peopleofahealthcenter,Lawaskedthestaffto

providealistofpatientswhoneededcheeringupmost."ThefirstwomanIapproachedthoughtit

wasamistake,andthattheflowerscouldn,tpossiblybeforher,“saysLaw."Isaidtheywerea

gift,andwetalkedforahalfhour.”

Inadditiontohealthcenters,Floranthropiefocusesoncommunitygroupsdevotedtothe

elderly.LaetitiaThelemeisavolunteerforLesPetitsFieres,anorganizationthataimstohelpthe

elderlywhodon'thaveasupportsystem.Thegroupreceivesadozenorsobouquetsfrom

Floranthropiemonthly,andthenredistributesthem."Ourmottois'flowersbeforebread',"says

Theleme."Wedon,tfocusonprimarycare,butratheronnourishing（滋养）thespirit.

Floranthropiehelpsusdothat.Ifsamazingwhatabigdifferenceasmallbouquetcanmake.”

Inthebeginning,mostofFloranthropie?sdonationscamethroughwordofmouth.Thesedays,

Lawreceivesmessagesfromstrangersviaherorganization'sFacebookpageandhasconnected

withcorporationsandflowerwholesalers.LawhopestoexpandFloranthropienationally,butatthis

pointishappytobeabletooverseeeachdeliverypersonally.

4.WhatmadeChristineLawsetupFloranthropie?

A.Thewasteofflowers.

B.Thelonelinessofseniors.

C.Thepersuasionofotherfriends.

D.Thewarmatmosphereofweddings.

5.Whatwasthewoman'sreactiontoChristineLaw'sflowers?

A.Shewasmoved.

B.Shewasexcited.

C.Shewasworried.

D.Shewassuiprised.

6.WhatcanweinferaboutFloranthropiefromLaetitiaTheleme,swords?

A.Itshouldfocusonprimarycare.

B.Itisbenefitingmorethantheelderly.

C.Itisdoingsomethingofgreatimportance.

D.Itshouldcooperatewithmorenon-profitinstitutions.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A・VolunteerYourTime

B.Don'tThrowFlowersAway

C.SpecialDeliveryMakesYourDay

D.BrightenSeniors'LiveswithFlowers

C

Youtrytokeepyoureyeswideopenwhilewatchingabasketballmatchorawonderful

fireworkshowincaseyoumightmisssomethingexcitinginjusttheblinkofaneye.Butinfact,

humansblinkabout15timesperminuteonaverage.Haveyouevermissedanythingbecauseyou

blinked?Probablynot.Whyisthat?

AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiologyinSeptember,ourbrainhas

theabilitytoskipthetemporarydarknesswhenweblink.Itcankeepvisualinformationfbrashort

periodoftimeandthenputjttogethertoformanimagewithoutinterruption.

Inordertounderstandhowthisworks,agroupofscientistsattheGermanPrimateCenterand

theUniversityMedicalCenterGo..ttingeninGermanyconductedanexperiment.Inthestudy,the

participantswereaskedtolookatpatternsonascreenwhosedirectioncouldbeinterpretedin

differentways,suchashorizontally（水平地）orvertically（垂直地）.Whenonepatternwasaboutto

disappearandthenextonewasabouttocome,theparticipantshadtoindicatethedirectionthatthe

nextpatternwouldappear.

Theresearchersfoundthatwhenthedirectionsoftwopatternsdidn'tmatch,theareainour

brainwhichisresponsibleforvisualmemorywasactivated.Thissameareashowedlessactivity

whentwopatternswereinthesamedirection.

“Themedialprefrontalcortex（前额叶皮层）adjustscurrentvisualinformationwith

previouslyobtainedinformation,andthusenablesustoperceivetheworldwithmorestability,even

whenwebrieflycloseoureyestoblink,“CasparSchwiedrzikexplainedinScienceDaily.Heis

thefirstauthorofthestudyandalsoascientistattheGermanPrimateCenter.

8.Wedon'tmissanythingwhenblinkingbecauseourbraincan.

A.dealwiththemissingimage

B•rememberallthatwesee

C・imaginewhatoureyesmiss

D.putourpiecesofmemorytogether

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it"inParagraph2referto?

A.Ourbrain.

B.Visualinformation.

C.CurrentBiology.

D.Thetemporarydarkness.

10.Whatdoweknowabouttheexperiment?

A.Thetwopatternsappearatthesametime.

B.Visualmemorycanbemoreactivatedbysimilarity.

C.Participantscaninterpretpatternsdifferently.

D.Thedifferentdirectionsactivatedvisualmemory.

11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.TheBrainJsStructure

B.TheBrain'sActivatedPatterns

C.TheBrain'sSpecialSkill

D-TheBrain'sOrientation

InthestoryoftheCrowandthePitcherfromAesop'sFables,athirstycrowdropsstonesinto

anarrowjartoraisethelowlevelofwaterinsidesohecantakeadrink.

Nowscientistshaveevidencetobackupthatstory.Crowsactuallydounderstandhowtomake

waterdisplacement（排水量）worktotheiradvantage,experimentsshow.Theresultssuggestthat

thebirdsare,atleastinsomeaspects,assmartasfirst-graders.

Researchers,ledbySarahJelbertattheUniversityofCambridge,presentedsixcrowswith

tubescontainingwater.Insidethetubes,awormorapieceofmeatonapieceofwoodwasfloating,

justoutofreachofthecrow.Infrontofthetubes,theresearchersarrangedseveralrubbererasers

thatwouldsink,andsomeplasticobjectsthatwouldfloat.Thecrowsfoundoutthattheycould

droptheerasersintothetubesinordertoraisethewaterlevelandgettheirsnack.

However,thebirdshandledawkwardlyinexperimentsinwhichtheycouldchoosetodrop

objectsineitherawidetubeoranarrowonetogetasnack,theresearcherssaid.Droppingobjects

intoanaiTowtubewouldliftthewaterlevelbyagreateramountandputthetreatwithinreachafter

justtwodrops;whileittookaroundsevendropstoraisethesnacktothesamelevelinthewide

tube.Thecrowsobviouslydidn'trealizethis,andmostofthemwentforthewidetubefirst.

Previousstudiesshowedthatchimpsandhumanchildrencansolvesimilartasks.Ina2011

study,chimpsandkidsfoundoutthattheycouldputwaterintoatubetoreachapeanutthatwas

floatinginasmallamountofwateratthebottom.

12.HowdidthecrowsgetthesnackinSarah'sexperiment?

A.Bybreakingthetube.

B.Bydroppinginerasers.

C.Bystandingonthewood.

D.Byremovingthewood.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thebirdshandledawkwardly“meaninParagraph4?

A.Theywereunabletotelldifferentshapes.

B.Theydroppedobjectsonlyintonarrowtubes.

C.Theywerenotawareofthesnackatfirstsight.

D.Theymostlyavoidedtheeasierwaytogetthesnack.

14.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfbcuson?

A.StoriesofAesop'sFables.

B.Thedevelopmentofcrows.

C.Crows'intelligence.

D.Human-animalcommunication.

15.Whatdoweknowaboutcrowsinthepassage?

A.Crowsarealmostascleverasfirst-gradersinsomeaspects.

B.Crowsunderstandwaterdisplacementcompletely.

C.Chimpsandchildrenaremuchsmarterthancrows.

D.ThestoryoftheCrowandthePitcherlacksevidence.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

You'renodoubtheard"lessismore“overandoveragain.Lessisbetterbecauseitisgood

foryourbankaccountandyourwaistline（腰围）.Butinsomeareasofourlives,wecanbenefit

from“more”insteadof“less”.16.

Givemore.

Ifyouseesomethingbeautifulinsomeone,sayit.Whyareyouholdingbackacompliment,a

kindwordofencouragementorsupportorsomewell-deservedpraise?Givingisagifttothegiver

andthereceiver.17.Onceyoustartdoingthis,peoplewillonlywantyouaroundmore.

Supportothersmore.

Speakingofencouragement,whocoulduseyoursupportrightnow?18.Someone

whoisstruggling?Reachout!You'llbegladyoudid.

19.________

Whenwepushbackagainstthingswedon'twant（suchas"Ican'tbelieveCatherinecopied

myclothesagain!"）,ourresistancestillholdsusclosetothethingthathurtsus.Whenweare

moreacceptingoflife'supsanddowns,wefindpeace.

Findmorerolemodels.

Whodoyouwanttobelike?Findrolemodelswhoinspireyou.Readaboutthem.Buytheir

books.Diveintoonlineinterviews.20.

Alifeofrichnesscanbedefinedinamillionways.Andguesswhat?It'swaitingforyouto

liveit-assoonasyouopenyourselfup.

A.Acceptmore.

B,Getmentalpeace.

C.Doiteverysingleday.

D.Afriendwhoisgoingthroughalossorabigchange?

E.Hereishow"more”canbeagoodthinginyourlife.

F.Lettheirsuccessbeanexampleofwhat'spossibleforyou,too.

G.Maybesomeonewhoisalwaysthesupportofyouwhenyouareintrouble?

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白

处的最佳选项。

Stevewasaseventhgrader,abigboy,lookingmorelikeateenagerthana12-year-old.Yet,

hewentunnoticed一hehadbeen21everyexaminationsincefirstgrade—untilMissWilma

appeared.

Inthemiddleofthefirstsemesterofschool,theentireseventhgradewas22forbasic

skills.

“Youalldidprettywell,“MissWilmatoldtheclassaftergoingoverthe23,aexcept

foroneboy.Andit24myhearttotellyouthis,but...”she25，“thesmartestboyinthe

seventhgradeisfailingmyclass.wSteve26hiseyesandcarefullyexaminedhisfingertips.

Afterthat,Stevestillwouldn'tdohishomework.EvenifMissWilma27punishedhim,

heremained28.

“Steve,please!Icareaboutyou!"

29,Stevegotit!uSomeoneCARESABOUTME?!”

OneMondayacoupleofweekslater,MissWilmagavea30ontheweekendhomework.

Steve31throughthetestandwasthefirsttohandinhispaper.Withalookof32,Miss

Wilmatookhispaperandbegantolookitover.

MissWilma'sfacewasina33shock!SheglancedupatSteve,then34,thenup.

Thesmartestboyintheseventhgradehadjustpassedhisfirsttest!

Fromthatmoment,nothingwasthesameforSteve.Hediscoveredthatnotonlycouldhe

rememberandunderstand35,buthecouldtranslatewhathelearnedintohislife.Hebecame

36.

Afterhighschool,SteveenlistedintheNavy,andhehada(n)37militarycareer.During

hisnavalyears,heinspiredmanyyoungpeoplewhomightnothave38themselveswithout

him.

A39tookplacewithintheheartofaboyallbecauseofoneteacher,who40about

him.,21.A.missingB.failing

C.passingD.skipping

22.A.testedB.classified

C.separatedD.dismissed

23.A.questionsB.effects

C.lessonsD.results

24.A.fillsB.presses

C.breaksD.destroys

25.A.shoutedB.hesitated

C.interruptedD.laughed

26.A.droppedB.raised

C.coveredD.closed

27.A.strangelyB.steadily

C.severelyD.secretly

28.A.helplessB.stubborn

C.flexibleD.crazy

29.A.CommonlyB.Unwillingly

C.ParticularlyD.Suddenly

30.A.quizB.chance

C.speechD.presentation

31.A.sleptB.looked

C.livedD.hunied

32.A.disappointmentB.surprise

C.satisfactionD.inspiration

33.A.bitterB.total

C.preciousD.ridiculous

34.A.downB.away

C.outD.back

35.A.homeworkB.grades

C.knowledgeD.subjects

36.A.outstandingB.lazy

C.roughD.troublesome

37.A.tiringB.ordinary

C.hardworkingD.successful

38.A.reliedonB.lookedafter

C.turnedtoD.believedin

39.A.competitionB.choice

C.changeD.campaign

40.A.waitedB.listened

C.wishedD.cared

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Lions,tigersandotheranimalsarestayingawakeatnight41.(avoid)human

beings,anewstudyfinds.

Scientistshaveknownthathumanactivitiescanleadtochangesinnature.Manyanimalsmay

movearoundlessortraveltofarplacestokeepaway42.people.Bybeingawakeat

night,animalscanalsobeonguardagainstpossibleenemiesandspendlesstime

43.(look)forfood.

Thelatestresearchfoundevenactivitieslikefarmingandcampingcan

44.(fright)animalsandcausethemtobecomemoreactiveatnight.

45.hadbeenstudiedwerelionsinTanzania,tigersinNepalandmonkeysinBrazil.

Researcherscompared46.(careful)howmuchtimethoseanimalswereactiveat

nightinareasofhumanactivities,suchashuntingandfarming.47.washuman

activitiesthatcausedanincreaseofabout20percentinnight-timeactivities,evenincreaturesthat

usuallysleepatnight.Results48.(publish)inthejournalSciencetwomonthsago.

Thenewfindingsare49.(usual)becausenooneelsehaslookedatitinsuch

detailbefore.EcologistMarleeTuckerwas50.(surprise)thatanykindofhuman

activitiesisenoughforanimalstoseepeopleasathreat.

第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共

有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Itwasraininghardlyoutside,whichmadeitdifficultformetogohomeforlunch.JustasI

waswonderingwhatIshouldeatatnoon,Isawafamiliarfigurepassedbyourclassroom.Irushed

outandfounditwasmymother,alreadyinfifties,whichbroughtmelunchinspiteoftheheavy

rain.InChina,manyparentsmakegreatsacrificesforourchildren.Butwhathadthechildrendone

inreturn?Alltoooften,mostchildrenjusttakeitforgrantedthattheirparentshouldserveforthem

unconditionally.Mydearmumordad,thankyouverymuchforbringingmeup.HowshallIdofor

you?

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tim想在寒假时到中国旅游，于是发邮件向你征求建议，

请你回复一封邮件。

内容：1.推荐一个旅游城市;

2.给出推荐的理由。

注意：1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearTim,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

高考仿真模拟卷（二）

（时间：100分钟，满分：120分）

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Someofthebestcyclingroutesintheworldpassthroughthemostbeautifulscenery.Hereare

someofworld'sbestbikeroutesforcyclistswhoareeitherupforhavingagoodsweatorsimply

seeingtheworldwithoutleavinganuglycarbonfootprintbehind.

TheGreatOceanRoad,Victoria,Australia

Ifyoulikeachallenge,takeonthis243-kilometerwindyroadalongAustraliayssouth-eastern

coast.Ifadayisallyou'vegot,takethe60-kilometerroutefromTorquaytoBellsBeach.There

you'Hcyclethroughruralfarmland,enjoythesweepingoceanviewsfromclifftops,andsnakepast

thewetlandsaroundLakeConnewarre.

TheUdaipurCityTour,Rajasthan,India

BikingisarguablythebestwaytoexploreUdaipur,VeniceoftheEast.

Cyclistsoftenneedtocyclepastherdsmenandtheirgoatsandcamels,sharingnarrow,old

pavementsinthisromanticplace.Butsurroundedbyancientcastlesandgrandpalaces,Udaipur

bringsaboutoneofthebestbikingexperiences,allowingcycliststotrulydiscoverruralIndia.

TheKarakoramHighway,China-Pakistan

TheKarakoramHighwayisthehighestinternationalroadintheworld,reachinganaltitudeof

4,717metersneartheKhunjerabPass.StartinginKashgar,China,cyclistscantravelupto1,200

kilometersonmostlyunpavedroads,buttheviewsareasbreathtakingastheriding.

TheRouteoftheHiawatha,Idaho-Montana,UnitedStates

TakeyourfamilyouttoMontanathissummerandcyclealongthemostscenicdisusedrailroad

inthecountry.Therailroadturnedbiketrailturnsinto24kilometersofleisurebikingthattakesyou

overseventrestles（栈桥）andthrough10tunnels,withthelongestone,theTaftTunnel,stretching

for2.7kilometers.

I.Inwhichtourcanyouenjoytheseasidescenery?

A.TheGreatOceanRoad.

B.TheUdaipurCityTour.

C.TheKarakoramHighway.

D.TheRouteoftheHiawatha.

2.WhatcanyoudoontheUdaipurCityTour?

A.GotoVenice.

B.Feedwildanimals.

C.Visitculturalrelics.

D.Enjoymodernarchitectures.

3.What'sspecialabouttheKarakoramHighway?

A.Itisatotallyundevelopedroute.

B.Itgoesalonganabandonedrailway.

C.Itownsthelongesttunnelintheworld.

D.Itlieshigherthananyotherinternationalroadintheworld.

B

Ninemonthsago,Iwaspackingmydaughter'sbackpackwithnewschoolsupplies,

wonderinghowIwasgoingtosendherofftokindergarten.Istoodontheplayground,tears

pouringdownmyfacebecauseIwasn'treadyforthisfirstdayofkindergarten—butshewasready.

TodayIwillbestandingontheplayground,onceagainwithtears,becausethisprecioustimewent

bytooquickly.ThisweekIrealizedthatInevertoldyou"thankyou”.Idon'tknowhowtoexpress

amother?sthanksinthewayateacherdeserves.

WefirstmetyouattheopenhousetheweekbeforeschoolstartedandIimmediatelyknewyou

wouldbethetypeofteacherwewouldappreciateforever.Whilethestudentslinedupfortheday,

youtouchedeachoneontheshoulderasyougreetedthem.Ifastudentwashavingatough

morning,youquietlyheldhishandandwalkedhimintotheschool.

IgottoknowyouasIvolunteeredinthelunchroom.Youmadesureyourstudentswereall

readyforlunchbeforeyouwentonyourownlunchbreak.Youkepttrackoftheirbigthingsand

smallthings,becauseasaveterankindergartenteacher,youknowthatthesmallthingsarethebig

things.Ilovedthewayyoumadeeachstudentfeelspecial.Youhelpedthemfallinlovewith

school,whichissoimportantatthestart.

Toalloftheteachersintheworldwhoarelikeyou,Iwishyouknewhowgratefulparentsare

foryou.Weadoreyou,respectyou,andappreciateyou.Wedon'ttellyouenough一weprobably

don'ttellyouever.Iwishwecouldtakeyouwithustothenext12grades.

4.Whydidtheauthor,stearscomedownonherdaughterJsfirstdayofkindergarten?

A.Shehadn'tmadefullpreparationsfbrherdaughter.

B.Herdaughterwasn'twillingtogotokindergarten.

C.Shefeltworriedaboutherdaughter*sbeingaway.

D.Herdaughterwasn'tfamiliarwiththeteachers.

5.Theauthornoticedtheteacheryscharacteristicswhen.

A.shestoodontheplayground

B.shewasattheopenhouse

C.shesaidgoodbyetotheteacher

D.sheworkedasateacheratlunchtime

6.WhatdoestheunderlinedworduveteranninParagraph3mean?

A.Beautiful.B.Generous.

C.Skillful.D.Humorous.

7.Whatisthistextmainlyabout?

A.Goodwishestoakindergartenteacher.

B.Sincerethankstoakindergartenteacher.

C.Asweetmemoryofkindergartenlife.

D.Akid'sdailybehaviorinthekindergarten.

C

Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatyoungpeoplefrompoorersocioeconomicbackgroundstend

todolesswellintheeducationsystem.Inanattempttohelpthechildrenofpoorfamilies,a

nationwideprogramcalled“HeadStart”wasstartedintheUSin1965.Alotofmoneywas

pouredintoit.Ittookchildrenintopreschoolinstitutionsattheageofthreeandwassupposedto

helpthemsucceedinschool.Buttheresultshavebeendisappointing,becausetheprogrambegan

toolate.Manychildrenwhoentereditatthreewerealreadybehindtheirpeersinlanguageand

intelligenceandtheparentswerenotinvolvedintheprocess.Attheendofeachday,aHeadStart”

childrenreturnedtothesamedisadvantagedhomeenvironment.

Toimprovetheresults,anotherprogramwasstartedinMissourithatconcentratedonparents

asthechild'sfirstteachers.Thisprogramwasbasedonresearchshowingthatworkingwiththe

familyisthemosteffectivewayofhelpingchildrengetthebestpossiblestartinlife.Thefour-year

studyincluded380familieswhowereabouttohavetheirfirstchildandrepresenteddifferent

socioeconomicstatuses,agesandfamilystructures.Theprograminvolvedtrainededucators

visitingandworkingwiththeparentorparentsandthechild.Theprogramalsogavetheparents

someguidance,andusefulskillsonchilddevelopment.

Atthree,thechildreninvolvedinthe“Missouri“programwereevaluatedwiththechildren

selectedfromthesamesocioeconomicbackgroundsandfamilysituations.Theresultswereobvious.

Thechildrenintheprogramweremoreadvancedinlanguagedevelopment,problemsolvingand

otherintellectualskillsthantheirpeers.Theyperformedequallywellregardlessofsocioeconomic

backgroundsorfamilystructures.Theonefactorthatwasfoundtoaffectthechild'sdevelopment

wasthepoorqualityofparent-childinteraction.Thatinteractionwasnotnecessarilybadinpoorer

families.

The“Missouri“programcomparesquitedistinctlywiththe“HeadStart^^program.Without

asimilarfocusonparenteducationandonthevitalimportanceofthefirstthreeyears,some

evidenceindicatesthatitwillnotbeenoughtoovercomeeducationalunfairness.

8.Whatcausedthefailureofthe“HeadStart^^program?

A.Thela