2022年四川省内江市大学英语6级大学英语六级

2022年四川省内江市大学英语6级大学英语六级学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.SlashYourBills--6WaystoKeepMoreCash

Likealotofhardworkingcouples,IlahandDennisHardestyofLongBeach,California,livepaychecktopaycheck.Their＄1,200monthlyrenteatsupabouthalfofDennis'stake-homepayasamanagerforaracingcarenginemanufacturer.Privateschooltuitionfortheirthreeteenstakesanother＄400bite.IncomefromIlah'stwopart-timejobs--asafitnesstrainerandschoolsecretary--disappearsatthegasstationandthegrocerystore.

Thebottomline?Evenwithnocarpaymentsandjust＄300increditcarddebt,thefamilybarelygetsby."Wedon'thaveapennyinsavings",saysIlah."No,Iactuallydohaveonecentinmyac-count".

Withinflationoutpacingwagegrowthinrecentyears,it'snothardtofindfamiliesliketheHardestysrunningoutofmoneybeforetheyrunoutofmonth.Accordingtothenonpartisan(无党派的)EconomicPolicyInstitute,whichstudieslower-andmiddle-classeconomictrends,themedianhourlywageofanAmericanworkerafterinflationislesstodaythanin2003.Theresultislessbuyingpowerafterthebillsarepaid.

Thesedays,inflationishoveringaroundthreepercent,soanyonewhoremembersthedouble-digitpricespikesofthe1970smightwonderwhatallthefussisabout.Butevenmoderateinflationrakesitstoll,sayspersonalfinanceexpertJonathanPond,authorofYouCanDoIt!TheBoomer'sGuidetoaGreatRetirement.Infact,annualinflationofjustthreepercentdoublesthecostoflivingevery23or24years.Meanwhile,someessentialexpenses--energy,healthcare,highereducation--arefaroutpacingtheinflationindex.Nowonderfamiliesarefeelingpinched.

Pincheddoesn'thavetomeanpowerless,though.Here,then,aresixwaystosavemoneyonthebigbills.

EducationOptions

Here'sapopquiz:Who'sturnedoutmorecurrentCEOsofS&P500corporations--HarvardortheUniversityofWisconsin?Pencilsup:They'rerunningneckandneck,accordingtoarecentstudybySpencerStuart,anexecutiverecruitingfirm.Thestudyreinforceswhatshouldbecommonsense:There'snodirectcorrelationbetweenwhereachildgoestoundergraduateschoolandlatersuccess.Infact,thepriceyIviestrainedonlytenpercentofthoseCEOs.

Soifyourfamily'sbudgetfavorsStateCollegeoverSnootyU.,don'tsweatit.Kidswhoaremotivatedwillsucceed,nomatterthecoloroftheircapandgown.Lookforqualityinstitutionsinyourarea.Consideralocalfour-yearcollegeandsaveonroomandboard.

Oroptforacommunitycollegethefirsttwoyears(tuitionisbargain-basement),thenfinishupatastateschoolorprivateuniversity.Don'tforget:Onceyourchildmovesonto,say,Tufts,hewillgetaTuftsdiploma.

Financialplannersalsosuggestthatparentsgiveprioritytotheirownretirementsavingsovercollegefunds,sincetherearenoloans,grantsorscholarshipsforsurvivingyoursenioryears.

TakingCareofHealthCare

Likeeducation,healthcarecostshavebeenoutpacinginflation,whichisonereasonwhyemployersareshiftingmoreoftheinsuranceburdentoindividuals.Tocontroltheexpense,manypeopleareoptingforhigherdeductiblesandlowermonthlypremiums.What'smore,saysPond,"four-fifthsofAmericansenjoyprettydarn(非常)goodhealthandcouldbesafechoosingapolicywithfewerbellsandwhistles.Ifnooneinyourfamilyusesexpensivepharmaceuticals,whypayforahigh-priceddrugbenefit?"

Butwhathappensifyousuddenlyneedacostlylong-termdrug?Manypoliciesallowyoutoupgradetoaplanwithbetterbenefits,afterasix-monthwaitingperiod.YoumightalsocheckoutWal-Mart.Thecompanyrecentlystartedaprogramin27statestofill30-daygenericprescriptionsforjust＄4each.Nearly300drugsarecovered.Amongthemarec

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2.

Beforesheswitchedfields,Freeland'sformerresearchdirectionwas______.

3.

TheKyotoProtocolrequires____--tocurbGHGemissions,especiallyCO

4.

WhatthescientistslearnedatRangeCreekhasbeguntohelpthemuncoveroneofthegreatestmysteriesof______.

5.

IfalltheiceintheAntarcticmelted,globalsealevelswouldrisehugely.

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6.

Withinthe______field,psychologistshavecontroversyonhowbesttomeasureandanalyzeintelligence.

A.neurologyB.psychologyC.psychometricsD.notmentioned

7.

SigmundFreudlivedmostofhislifeinVienna,______,butheendedhisdaysin______.

8.

Professionaltreatmentfromyourdentistworksbetterthanover-the-counterproductsin______.

9.

TheeconomicbenefitstotheNorthfromfastergrowthinthethirdworld______thecosts.

10.IfAmericansaren'tcompetitiveinscience,theycannotsurvivetheseverecompetitionbetweendevelopedcountries.

11.______,artificialdiscoperationisconsideredabetteroptionthanthetraditionalfusionsurgery.

A.Givingpatientsgreatermobilityandquickerrecovery

B.Suitableforeveryback-painsufferers

C.Beinglessinvasiveandcostly

D.Withfewerpost-operationsideeffects

12.Aseriesofexperimentsdescribedinthepassageistoexaminewhetherthoughtandbehavior.can______.

13.

Therealtherapistscanusedreamemotiontotreatpatientswhoareexperiencingunpleasantlifeevents.

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14.

Accordingtotheauthor,inoneyearofaveragereadingbyanaveragereaderfor15minutesaday,______bookswillberead.

15.

Themanagementofficial______theblue-collarrobotsthattheunionsrevoltedagainst.

A.willwelcomeB.won'twelcomeC.supportedD.opposed

16.

Theteacherwillprovideacontextandwhiletheclassispracticing,theteachershouldmonitor.

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17.

Elephantsmournforthedeadby______.

18.

Withouttheprenuptialtalk,it'snotlikelythatcoupleshaveanactualplanfortheirlivestogether.

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19.

Whichofthefollowingtroublesisnotcausedbyidentitytheft?

A.Cleancredithistory.

B.Lossoffreedom.

C.Financialmess.

D.Alotofpaperwork.

20.IncomeTaxes

Wegenerallydon'tthinkmuchabouttaxesexceptduringtheannualtaxseason.It'sprobablythemostdreadedtimeoftheyearformillionsofAmericans,yetwecircleitonourcalendarsalongwithholidaysandbirthdays.ButlittlejoyisconnectedtoApril15,whichisthedeadlineforfilingtaxforms.

TheAmericantaxsystemisahugemachinewithataxcodethatseemsmorecomplexthanrocketscience.Inthisarticle,wewilltakealookatthehistoryofincometaxesintheUnitedStates,examinetheprocessofindividualincometaxation.

TaxesinEarlyAmerica

TaxeshavealwaysleftasourtasteinthemouthofAmericancitizens.ThisnationalhatredfortaxesdateshacktothetaxburdenplacedontheAmericancoloniesbyGreatBritain.Colonistsweretaxedforeveryconsumergood,fromteaandtobaccotolegaldocuments.This"taxationwithoutrepresentation"ledtomanyrevolts,suchastheBostonTeaParty,inwhichcolonistsdumpedteaintotheBostonHarborratherthanpaythetaxonit.

AlthoughtheAmericancolonistsfoughtforindependencefromBritishruleandBritishtaxes,oncetheUnitedStatesgovernmentformed,itsmainsourceofrevenuewasderivedfromplacingcustomsandexcisetaxesonthesameitemsthatweretaxedbyGreatBritain.In1812,inanefforttosupportanexpensivewareffort,theU.S.governmentimposedthefirstsalestax,whichwasplacedongold,silverware,jewelryandwatches.In1817,internaltaxeswereterminatedandthegovernmentreliedontariffstosupportitself.Itwasn'tuntil1862thattheUnitedStatesimposedthefirstnationalincometax.

TosupporttheUnionArmy,Congresspassedtaxlawsinboth1861and1862.TheofficeofCommissionerofInternalRevenuewasestablishedbytheTaxActof1862,whichstatedthatthecommissionerwouldhavethepowertolevyandcollecttaxes.Theofficewasalsogiventheauthoritytoseizepropertyandincomeinordertoenforcethetaxlaws.Thesepowersremainprettymuchthesametoday,althoughtheInternalRevenueService(IRS)willtellyouthatenforcementtacticshavebeentoneddownabit.

TheFirstIncomeTax

In1863,thefederalgovernmentcollectedthefirstincometax.Thisgraduatedtaxwassimilartotheincometaxwepaytoday.Thosewhoearned$600to$10,000peryearpaidatarateof3percent.Ahigherratewaspaidbythosewhoearnedinexcessof$10,000.Aflat-ratetaxwasimposedin1867.Fiveyearslater,in1872,thenationalincometaxwasrepealed(撤销)altogether.

SpurnedonbythePopulistParty's1892campaign,CongresspassedtheIncomeTaxActof1894.Thisacttaxed2percentofpersonalincomethatwasmorethan$4,000,whichonlyaffectedwealthiestcitizens.Theincometaxwasshort-lived,astheU.S.SupremeCourtstruckitdownonlyayearafteritwasenacted.Thejusticeswrotethat,intheiropinion,theincometaxwasunconstitutionalbecause'itfailedtoabidebyaconstitutionalguideline.Thisguidelinerequiredthatanytaxlevieddirectlyonindividualsmustbeleviedinproportiontoastate'spopulation.

In1913,theincometaxbecameapermanentpartoftheU.S.government.Congressavoidedtheconstitutionalroadblockmentionedabovebypassingaconstitutionalamendment.The16thAmendmentreads,"TheCongressshallhavepowertolayandcollecttaxesonincomes,fromwhateversourcederived,withoutapportionmentamongtheseveralstates,andwithoutregardtoanycensusorenumeration(列举)."The16thAmendmentgavethegovernmentthepowertolevytaxesonindividualsregardlessofstatepopulation.TheUnderwoodTariffActof1913includedanincome-taxsectionthatinitiatedthesystemweusetoday.DuringWorldWarII,thefederalgovernmentbeganwithholdingtaxes,alsoknownasthepay-as-youearntaxationsystem.Thisgavethegovern

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二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.

【B8】

22.(22)

A.Topersuadehertotaketheschoolbuswithhim.

B.Toaskforherhelpinphysicsexamination.

C.Tofindoutherattitudetowarddemonstrations.

D.Topersuadehertotakepartinthedemonstration.

23.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：W:Hi,thisisJane.We'rebackfromtheholiday.Comeoverandvisitustonightafteryouhavedinner,wouldyou?

M:Ihaveclassestomorrowmorning,andMaryisbusypreparingforherexam.

Q:Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation?

(12)

A.Thewomaninvitesthemantohavedinner.

B.Themanwon'tvisitthewoman.

C.Themanisverybusythesedays.

D.Theman'swifeisrelativelyfree.

24.

【B9】

25.

【B6】

26.(21)

A.Rightatthismoment.

B.Afterheselectscourses.

C.Attheendofthefirstyear.

D.Attheendoffirstsemester.

27.(36)

A.Mastersneedn'tworrymuchaboutanimalillnesses.

B.Itdoesnotpaytoseekmedicalattendanceforanimals.

C.Someanimalsshouldgetattentionabouttheirhealthfortheirservicetoman.

D.Moreorganizationsshouldbeestablishedtoprovidefreetreatments.

28.

【B3】

29.(26)

A.Tosavespace.

B.Tohelptheplantsgrowhealthily.

C.Tomakeplantsyieldmorefruits.

D.Towatertheplantseasily.

30.听力原文：W:IamsoluckyIdon'thavethesimilarjobasyours.Workingallnightandsleepinginthedaytime.Howterribleitistobelikethisallthetime.

M:Oh,IstoppedthatwhenIgotmypromotionlastmonth.NowIamonthreedaysandofftwo.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

(17)

A.Thewomanenviestheman'sjob.

B.Themanstoppedworkinglastmonth.

C.Themanworksthreenightseverytwoweeks.

D.Themanhastwofreedaysforeverythreedaysheworks.

31.(28)

A.Gourmetcoffeeislessexpensive.

B.Regularbrandsofcoffeehavetoomuchcaffeine.

C.Gourmetcoffeetastesbetter.

D.GourmetcoffeeisgrownintheUnitedStates.

32.(13)

A.Asnowstorm.

B.Anearthquake.

C.Atrafficaccident.

D.Ahurricane.

33.听力原文：W:Itisapityyoumissedtheconcertyesterdayevening.Itwaswonderful!

M:Ididn'twanttomissthefootballgame.Well,I'mnotaclassicalmusicfananyway.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

(16)

A.Themanattendedtheconcertbutdidn'tlikeit.

B.Themanwassorrytomissthefootballgame.

C.Themanismoreinterestedinfootballthaninclassicalmusic.

D.Themanwassorrythathedidn'tattendtheconcert.

34.(29)

A.Acontrolledstudy.

B.Atrialstudy.

C.Anobservationalstudy.

D.Asuccessfulstudy.

35.(35)

A.Wine-producingcountriesareunwillingtoincreasetheirproduction.

B.NewvineyardswillnotbeopenedupinsuchcountriesasAustralia.

C.CountrieslikeItalyandSpaincan'tsupplyenoughgoodwines.

D.Theproductionofwinebottleshasceasedtoincrease.

36.听力原文：W:Ilovethebeachwhenthesandisfineandthewaterisjustbarelymakingwaves.

M:Ipreferanangrysea.ThatmakesmefeelbetterwheneverI'msad.

Q:Whatdoesthemanlike?

(17)

A.Astormyocean.

B.Calmwater.

C.Goldensand.

D.Littlewaves.

37.(42)

38.听力原文：W:IfIwereyou,I'dbemorecarefulaboutlockingthebackdooratnight.

M:Don'tworry.Noonewillbreakin.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanthinkwillhappen?

(15)

A.Thatthemanwillnotbeabletosleep.

B.Thatsomeonewillenterthebackdoorwhilethemanissleeping.

C.Thatthelockonthedoorwillbreak.

D.Thatthemanwillnotberifletocomeback.

39.听力原文：Lifestyle.isthewayapersonlives;itincludeswork,leisuretime,hobbies,otherinterests,andpersonalphilosophy.(29)Oneperson'slifestyle.maybedominatedbywork,includingfewsocialactivities.Another'smayinvolvehobbles,recreationalactivities,orpersonalphilosophy.

Thereislittledoubtthatlifestyle.arechangingandthatthesechangeswillhaveaninfluenceonthewaybusinessoperatesintheyearsahead.Severalfactorsarecausinglifestyle.changesinUSsociety.

First,thereismoreleisuretimethaneverbefore.(30)Theworkweekisnowlessthanfortyhours,ascomparedtoseventyhoursacenturyago.Someexpertsbelieveitwillbetwenty-fivehoursorlessbeforetheyear2000.Severalfirmshaveadoptedfour-dayworkweekswithmorehoursperday.Othershavecutthenumberofhoursworkedeachweek.Reducedworkschedulesmeanincreasedleisuretime.

Second,familieshavefewerchildrenthanbeforeandyoungcouplesarepostponingchildbirthinsteadofhavingtheirchildrenearlyinthemarriages.(31)Thistrendhasforcedmanybusinessestomodifytheircompetitivestrategies.GerberProductsCompanyusedtoadvertise"babiesareourbusiness--ouronlybusiness."NowGerberproductsincludeinfantclothing,stuffedanimals,andaccessoriessuchasbottles,baby'scarriages,andbabypowder.

Third,peoplearebettereducatedandmoreprosperousnowthantheywereearlier.Theseadvantagesbringwiththemthefreedomtoquestioncurrentlifestylesandexaminenewones.Inquiriesofthisnaturehavesometimesledtopersonallifestyle.changes.

(30)

A.Thechangesoflifestyleshavenoinfluenceonbusiness.

B.Differentpeoplemayhavecompletelydifferentlifestyles.

C.It'sdoubtfulwhatlifestylesarechanging.

D.Lifestylesofdifferentpeoplearethesame.

40.

【B7】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Whichofthefollowingaccordswiththeauthor'sattitude?

A.Chargesonpatented-drugindustryareanythingbuttrue.

B.Genericsindustryisasheervictiminthecompetition.

C.Onlydruggiantsaretobeblamed.

D.Exclusionofgenericsindustryfromtakingresponsibilityisquestionable.

42.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Whatistheatre?Actorstellastoryinwordsandactonastage.Whyhastheatrebeensointriguingtopeopleallovertheworldandthroughouthistory?TheatreintheWestbeganinGreecein534B.C.inthecelebrationofthecultofDionysius.Therelationshipbetweenreligionandtheatreisneitheraccidentalnorincidental:theybothincludeceremony,ritual,andspectaclethatcreatedramawhichengagesouremotionsandintellectbecausetheytellstoriesthatareuniversal.

Inprehistorictimes,ceremoniesandritualshelpedpeopleexplainsuchawe-inspiring,dramaticeventsasbirth,death,andpowerfulnaturalforces.Manneedsawaytocopewithhisdeepestfearsandconcernssohecreatesdramaticsituationsthatexpressandmimicthesefeelings.Thecostumedparticipantsintheceremony(withascript),liketheactorsonstage,pretendtheyaredrivingoutdemonsorpleasingtheirGod,orresolvingtheirfearsandconcerns.ThisiswhatAristotlecalledcatharsis(感情宣泄):thepurgation(清除)ofpowerfulemotionssuchasfearandpitythatoffersthereleasefromtensionthatweexperienceasweempathizewiththeactorsfacingtheirconflicts(andourown)andworktowardresolvingthem.Theatreandreligiontouchusnotonlyemotionallyandintellectually,butspiritually.Shakespearewasrightwhenhesaidthatalltheworld'sastageandwebutactorsplayingourparts.

Therearethreebasicperiodsinthehistoryoftheatre:Classicalperiod—GreekandRomantheatre;theRomanticperiodwhichincludestheRenaissanceinEuropeandtheModernperiodwhichbeganinthelate19thcentury.TheGreekslaidthefoundationoftheatreintheWest.Theydevelopedthefive-actplaywhichShakespeareandmostothersfollowed.Atfirst,therewasonlyoneactorwhorecitedastoryabouttheGods.ThenAeschylusaddedasecondactorwhomadedialoguepossiblethatchangedtheatreforever,andlaterSophoclesaddedathirdactorwhobroughtnewelementsofconflictthataretheessencedrama,especiallytragedy.TheearlyChristianbannedtheatre,butofferedelaborateceremoniestoattractpeopleandtoeducatethemintheChristiandoctrineanditsdramaticmythology.IntheRenaissance,theartswereflourishingfirstinItalyandtheninotherpartsofEurope.Shakespearewroteinthe16thandearly17thcenturies.Modemtheatrebeganinthe19thcenturywiththeplaysofIbsen,StrindbergandChekhov.Theyofferedrealityratherthanfantasyorsimplisticpopularmelodramas.The20thcenturybroughtboldinnovationsinAmericaandEurope,includingnewstructures:two-andthree-actplaysoraseriesofscenesreplacedthefive-actstructure;newstagedesignsandstaging;newis-suesespeciallyafterWWIIwhenTheatreoftheAbsurdappeared.Off-BroadwayandOff-Off-Broadwayproductionschallengedtheoldwaysbypresentingexperimentalworksthatshockedandperplexedmanyaudiences.

Theatreandreligionarecloselyrelatedinthat______.

A.bothofthemhaveastronginfluenceonpeople'slife

B.bothheartandmindareinvolvedinunderstandingthem

C.theatreisderivedfromreligiousactivities

D.universalreligiousstoriesbuildupthecontentoftheatre

43.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunningtoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.Thatcompulsionhasresultedinrobotics—thescienceofconferringvarioushumancapabilitiesonmachines.Andifscientistshaveyettocreatethemechanicalversionofsciencefiction,theyhavebeguntocomeclose.

Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulatedbyintelligentgizmoswhosepresencewebarelynoticebutwhoseuniversalexistencehasremovedmuchhumanlabor.Ourfactorieshumtotherhythmofrobotassemblyarms.Ourbankingisdoneatautomatedtellerterminalsthatthankuswithmechanicalpolitenessforthetransaction.Oursubwaytrainsarecontrolledbytirelessrobotdrivers.Andthankstothecontinualminiaturizationofelectronicsandmicromechanics,therearealreadyrobotsystemsthatcanperform.somekindsofbrainandbonesurgerywithsubmillimeteraccuracy—fargreaterprecisionthanhighlyskilledphysicianscanachievewiththeirhandsalone.

Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves—goalsthatposearealchallenge."Whileweknowhowtotellarobottohandleaspecificerror,"saysDaveLavery,mangerofaroboticsprogramatNASA,"wecan'tyetgivearobotenoughcommonsensetoreliablyinteractwithadynamicworld."

Indeedthequestfortrueartificialintelligencehasproducedverymixedresults.Despiteaspellofinitialoptimisminthe1960sand1970swhenitappearedthattransistorcircuitsandmicroprocessorsmightbeabletocopytheactionofthehumanbrainbytheyear2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesifnotcenturies.

Whattheyfound,inattemptingtomodelthought,isthatthehumanbrain’sroughlyonehundredbillionnervecellsaremuchmoretalented—andhumanperceptionfarmorecomplicated—thanpreviouslyimagined.Theyhavebuiltrobotsthatcanrecognizetheerrorofamachinepanelbyafractionofamillimeterinacontrolledfactoryenvironment.Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidlychangingsceneandimmediatelydisregardthe98percentthatisirrelevant,instantaneouslyfocusingonthemonkeyatthesideofawindingforestroadorthesinglesuspiciousfaceinabigcrowd.ThemostadvancedcomputersystemsonEarthcan'tapproachthatkindofability,andneuroscientistsstilldon'tknowquitehowwedoit.

Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstratedin______.

44.

ThetwobillsstalledintheCaliforniaAssemblybothconcern______.

A.thereprocessingofthehugeamountsofelectronicwasteinthestate

B.regulationsondumpinghazardoussubstancesintolandfills

C.thefundingoflocalinitiativestoreuseelectronictrash

D.thesaleofusedelectronicdevicestoforeigncountries

45.

Thenation'seconomicfocalpointwasnowfocusedontheimportanceof______.

46.

Whichofthefollowinghappensifthereisamildinflation?

A.Everyonelosesbecauseoftheincreaseofprices.

B.Retiredpeopledon'texperienceanyinfluence.

C.Creditorgainratherthanlosewithariseininterestrates.

D.Somepeoplegainmorewhileotherslose.

47.

WithmorepeopleontheWeb,______.

A.newsurfingsoftwareneedstobedeveloped

B.telephonewillbecomemorewidelyused

C.theInternetwillbecomemorewidelyused

D.theInternetwillbecomeastatussymboltoevaluatepeople

48.

AlthoughmakingthefacilityenvironmentallyfriendlyaddedthecostoftheToyotaMotorCorp.,thesavingsfromusinggreenfacilitiescan______.

49.

Insomedevelopingcountries,theresultofprotectinglocalindustriesfromcompetitionis______.

50.

Inthesentence"thesenewcomerswillbeattheirownexpense"(Line2,Paragraph3),"their"probablyrefersto______.

A.thesenewcomers

B.richcountriesin"first-world"

C.manybosses,workersandpoliticians

D.bosses,workersandpoliticiansintherichworld

51.

Theauthorofthepassageintendsto______.

A.warnpeopleagainstthepopulationexplosioninthenearfuture

B.comparethedemographicgrowthpatterninthepastwiththatafter1650

C.findoutthecauseforrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyears

D.presentusaclearandcompletepictureofthedemographicgrowth

52.

【C5】

53.

Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe______.

A.Thetrulyincompetent

B.incompetencevs.overestimate

C.incompetencevs.self-delusion

D.theAmerican"above-averageeffect"

54.

Accordingtothepassage,whatcontributionshasIsadoraDuncanmadeasthefirstpersontobringthenewdancetogeneralaudiences?

55.MiltonFriedmanwaswrong.Inflationisalwaysandeverywhereasocialphenomenon,notamonetaryone.Atleast,thatishowRobertSamuelsonseesit.TheGreatInflationandItsAftermathdwellslittleontheeconomicsofinflation;themaintextdoesnotmentiontheFederalReserveuntilpage31.Instead,itexaminestheintellectualandpoliticalcurrentsthatletinflationrisefrom1%intheearly1960stonearly15%in1980andthenbroughtitdownagain.

Thisisalaudable(值得称赞的)enterprise.HistorianshavedevotedlotsofscholarshiptotheVietnamWarandthecivil-rightsmovementbutalmostnothingtotheparallelriseininflation,whoseimpactonsocietyhasbeenarguablygreat.

Mr.Samuelson,aneconomicscolumnistfortheWashingtonPostandNewsweek,graphicallyrecountsthefutileeffortsofvariouspresidentstocontaininflation,andthetolltheyexacted.Inflationbegan,Mr.Samuelsonwrites,becausethefollowersofJohnMaynardKeyneswhodominatedeconomicsaftertheSecondWorldWarconvincedJohnKennedythatreducingunemploymentwouldcauseonlyasmallriseininflation.Butasinflationincreased,itbecamepoliticallyimpossibletobringitdown.In1968RichardNixonaskedHerbertStein,anomineeforIrisCouncilofEconomicAdvisers,whatthepresident-elect'sbiggesteconomicchallengewouldbe.WhenSteinrepliedinflation,Nixon"immediatelywarnedmethatwemustnotraiseunemployment,"Steinlaterwrote.

TheGreatInflationandItsAftermathisreadable,butoftenfrustrating.Ratherthanproceedingchronologically,ithopscotches(像玩“跳房子”游戏)backandforthbetweendecades,repeatedlybringinghomethepointsitwantstomake.Despitetheforward-lookingsubtitle,Mr.SamuelsondoesnotdemonstratethatthegreatinflationhasmuchbearingonAmerica'sfuture.Hespendsmuchoftwochapters,73pagesinall,choosingalistofcontemporaryeconomicproblems,fromexcessiveentitlementspendingtoglobalimbalancesthathavelittletodowithinflation.Meanwhile,hedevotesjustafewparagraphstoinflation'smostcrucialimpactatthepresent.Thedeclineininterestratesthatfollowedinflation'sdefeatcreatedbubblesinstocksandhousesandfuelleda"reachforyield"whoseundoingisattheheartofthecurrentcrisis.

Morepuzzlingisthefactthat,inayearinwhichinflationanddeflationhavebothrepeatedlyhittheheadlines,Mr.Samuelsondevotes