高一英语语法知识-非谓语动词人教版知识精讲

wordOOMMMMMM.高一英语语法知识一非谓语动词人教版【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容：语法知识一一非谓语动词二.教学目标初步掌握非谓语的根本结构与用法三.教学重难点掌握非谓语所能够充当的句子成分【一）非谓语的分类以与各自在句子中所能充当的成分。非谓语分为不定式，动名词，现在分词和过去分词。〔动名词和现在分词形式一样〕以下表格表示的是它们各自所能充当的成分：、^别成主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式VVVVVV动名词VVV现在分词VVVV过去分词VVVV1.不定式(todo,tobedoing,tohavedone,tobedone,tobebeingdone,tohavebeendone)[1)不定式在句子中做主语。如：Tobespokenhighlyofishisaim.Togothereintimeishismostimportanttasknow.Itishismostimportanttasktogothereintime.Itisagreatjoytoplayfootball.Whentostartisthequestion.[2)不定式在句子中做宾语。〔以“todo”做宾语的动词主要有：ask,want,wish,hope,expect,help,refuse,learn,demand,dare,choose,arrange,decide,agree,promise,plan,offer,manage,pretend,prepare,fail,determine,long,seem等〕1/15A.thathesingB.thathesings19.Iwon'thavehimathismother.C.himtosingD.himsingA.shoutB.toshoutC.shoutingD.tohaveshouted20.Hemadeusonthetree.A.go・・・TowaterB.togo・・・towaterC.go・・・wateringD.togo・・・water21.Motheroftentellsmesomewashing.A.helpherdoB.tohelpherdoC.helphertomakeD.tohelphertomake22.WehavenomoneyandnoplaceA.toliveinB.toliveC.livinginD.living23.Ihaveafewwordstoyou.A.sayB.tosayC.speakD.tospeak24.ThereisnochairformeA.tositatB.sitwithC.tositD.tositon25.Doyouhaveanythingforyourself?A.tellB.sayC.totellD.tosay26.HereisthepenIwantA.towritewithB.towriteC.writingD.towriting27.Hehassomethingaboutwiththem.A.totalkB.talkC.totellD.tell28.HeisalwaysthefirstandthelastA.coming,leavingB.tocome,toleaveC.comes,leavesD.come,leave29.WehavenotimearestA.tomakeB.makeC.takingD.tohave30.WehavealotofthingslearnD.tostudywritetoD.writinglearnD.tostudywritetoD.writingTOC\o"1-5"\h\zA.welearn B.IhavethreemoreA.Iwrite B.westudy C.toletterstoday.towrite C.toTheydidn,thavemuchtime10/15A.tothinkitover B.tothinkoveritC.couldthinkitover D.couldthinkoveritTherearequitemanybooks.A.toreadB.readC.readingD.tobereadIdon'tfeelsomecooking.A.enoughwelltodo B.wellenoughtodoC.enoughwellanddo D.wellenoughanddoTomiswaitingthedoctor.A.toseeB.fortoseeC.forseeingD.forseeThestudentsusedbikeswaterforGrannyWang.A.tocarryB.carryC.carryingD.carriedHisspeechinEnglishwasdifficult.A.infollowingB.forbeingfollowedC.tofollowD.tobefollowedbyThewaterisgood.A.todrinkitB.tobedrunkC.todrinkD.atdrinkingDoyouthinkhimeasy?A.togetalongwith B.togetalongC.tobegotalongwith D.tobegotalongThemanrunoutwhatwaswrongwithhishorse.A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.forseeingThisbookisdifficult.A.tobereadB.toreadC.readD.forreadingRememberthebookintimewhenyouhavefinishedit.A.toreturn;reading B.returning;readingC.returning;toread D.toreturn;toreadYou'dbetterthewindownow.A.notopen B.tonotopen C.nottoopenD.notopeningThisistheroom.A.formetoliveB.formelivingC.mylivinginD.formetolivein11/15四.选择:1.Shedoesn'tfeelliketherewithyou.A.goB.goingC.togoD.went2.Pleaserememberyournewspaperhere.A.takeB.totakeC.takingD.taken3.Isthisyourstick?A.walkB.walkedC.walkingD.towalk4.Themanlefttheroomwithoutbyanybody.A.seeingB.seenC.beseenD.beingseen5.Hekeptupeveryday.A.runB.torunC.runningD.ran6.Thedriverlookedsadlyatthebrokencar,howmuchwouldcosttorepairit.A.wonderB.wonderedC.wondersD.wondering7.Thestudentsarewaitingfortheproblems［解决）.8.A.solvedB.solveC.tosolveD.tobesolvedA.9.A.10.A.11.A.C.12.A.13.A.14.HesuggestedhimtohospitalattakeB.toTheyareput,holdTheyforgotgiveB.Theycan,ttakeC.takingD.thinkingaboutoffB.putting,holdingmeabookalready,once.tookthemeeting.C.putting,holdD.andgavemeasecondput,holdingone.gavestandbetalkedtobeingtalkedtoC.togiveD.likethis.B.tobetalkedD.talkingtoDoyouthinkitnecessarythisgivingtoworkeveryday?doB.doingC.todoD.doneTheboyisalwaysthebestonethejob.tofinishB.finishC.finishingD.finishedHeisalwaysthefirstandthelastone12/15word

OOMMMMMV•A.tocome,toleaveB.coming,leavingC.come,leave D.come,leftThefirstthingheisgoingtodotodayis.A.feedtheanimalsB.feedingtheanimalsC.tofeedtheanimalsD.fedtheanimals.withhimisagreatpleasure.A.TalkB.TalkingC.TotalkD.TalkedIt'sbesthimnow.A.notdisturbB.nottodisturbC.notdisturbingD.notdisturbedHehopedhomesoon.A.hertocomeB.tocomeC.comeD.comingOurplanisourcountrymorebeautiful.A.makeB.makingC.tomakeD.madeTheboywasoftennoticedtheroadwiththeredlighton.A.crossB.crossingC.tocrossD.crossed试题答案*LiLeitohaveagoodrestanyoneleavetheroomgointothebookshopsomeoneknockatthedoorhimtocomeoverherethiseveningtolearnEnglishpronunciationtohearfromyousoon(togetyourlettersoon)nottohavefget,catch)acoldtogofishingtobeateachernoteasytounderstand13/15tosayaworldforustohearyoubettertoseeherinsuchgoodhealthinordertobewelldressedtotellyoutotellmethenewshowtogettothebookshophowtowritethesentencewhattodonext1.meeting1.meeting1.meeting2.visiting3.tosay4.learningtocomecomingnottogo8.livingbeingpraised[to)get;havetalk/totalk12.1.meeting2.visiting3.tosay4.learningtocomecomingnottogo8.livingbeingpraised[to)get;havetalk/totalk12.tomeet134tohavefinished14.togothinking;coming15.toread 16.tomeet134tohavefinished14.togothinking;coming15.toread 16.17.tosay;todo18.reading20.tomeet;(to17.tosay;todo18.reading20.tomeet;(to〕hear;introduce22.seeing23.trying19.togo21.notbeing24.having25.disturbing1.B2.C3.B4.D5.B6.D7.C8.B9.D10.A11.B12.A 13.A 14.A15.B16.B17.B18.D19.A20.C 21.B 22.A23.B24.D25.D26.A27.A28.B 29.D 30.C31.B32.A33.A34.B35.A36.A 37.C 38.C39.A40.A41.B42.A43.A44.D四•1.B2.B3.C 4.D5.C6.D7.D8.C9・B1。・D11,C12・C13・A14・A15・A517・B18・B19・C2。・C15/15word

MO«■•如：Theypretendedtohavefinishedtheirwork.Hehadplannedtofinishitintime.Theythoughtitnecessarytogotochurcheveryweekend.Wefinditgoodtohaveawalkeveryday.Theydon'tnowwheretogo.(3)不定式在句子中做表语。如：Hisdreamistobetaughtbythatfamousprofessor.Theonlythinghewantstodonowistostudyhard.Hisaimistogetthefirstplaceinthegame.Thequestioniswhichonetochoose.(4)不定式在句子中做状语。如：Hegotthereontimejusttoseethatfilm.Wetoldhimthetruthtomakehimatease.Hegotupearlyinordertocatchtheearlytrain.Hegothomeonlytofindthathishomewasbrokeninto.(5)不定式在句子中做定语。如：Thatistheroomforustolivein.Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.Canyougetmesomethingtoeat?Theycan'tchoosetherightpersontoleave.Themantobesentthereisadoctor.Themantogothereismybrother.Hehasachancetogoabroad.Heisalwaysthefirst/last(one)togettoschool.Heisthebest(one)tofinishthework.(6)在句子中做宾补与词组中的不定式。(以“todo〃做宾补的动词主要有：ask,want,tell,get,order,beg,advise,warn,hate,like,encourage等；以"do”作宾补的动词主2/15word«■•要有：see,watch,notice,hear,feel,let,make,have等)，有些形容词词组后面也要接不定式这样的形容词主要有：surprised,excited,pleased,interested,worried,angry,proud,sorry,satisfied,afraid,ready,able；kind,easy,right,wrong,important,necessary,good,clever,wise等。如：Theyencouragedustogoahead.Hehasgotsomebodytogethisbookback.Wesawhimgodownstairsandleavethehouse.Hismothermadehimdohishomeworkuntil10o'clock.Heispleasedtohaveseenyouhere.I'mgladtobetalkingtoyoulikethis.Itiscleverofhimtodoso.Itisluckyforhimtobeinvitedtothismeeting.2.动名词：(1)动名词在句子中做主语。〔与不定式比拟)如：Tobeagoodteacherishisdream.Beingdelayedbythebadtrafficishisusualexcuseforhisbeinglate.Togothereintimeishismostimportanttasknow.Lookingafterthebabiesistheeverydayjobshemustdo.Todoourhomeworkcarefullyisveryusefulforus.It'sveryusefulforustodoourhomeworkcarefully.Doingourhomeworkcarefullyisveryusefulforus.Itisnouseworkinghardnow.(2)动名词在句子中做宾语。以“doing〃做宾语的动词主要有：mind,enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid,consider,fancy,imagine,escape,risk,miss,prevent,deny,admit,delay,giveup,putoff,leaveoff,setabout,feellike,insiston,stickto,keepon,keepup,keep,dependon,thinkabout/of,succeedin,can'thelp,can'tstand,be/getusedto,devoteoneselfto,lookforwardto,payattentionto,objectto等〕如：Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?3/15wordHekeptonrunningaftertrippingoverhimself.Youcanneverdependonhercomingontime.Theyarethinkingabout/ofmakingTomsaysorrytotheteacher.Thecarneedstoberepaired.Thecarneedsrepairing.Theyliketogowithustoday.Theylikeswimmingaftersupper.Theycan'thelpcryingwhilewatchingthissadfilm.I'vegotusedtodoingmyhomeworkwhilelisteningtomusic.Theylookforwardtoseeingyou.Iforgotlockingthedoor,andIwentbacktocheckit.(3)动名词在句子中做表语。如：Hisjobisfeedinganimals.Hisjobistofeedanimals.Theonlythinghedoeseverydayisreadingnewspaper.Theonlythinghewantstodonowistostudyhard.(4)动名词在句子中做定语。如：Canyoutellmewherethereadingroomis?Whichisthesleepingcarofthistrain?Canyoutellmewherethewashingroomis?注意：有些动词后面既可以接不定式又可以接动名词，而且这些动词又分为两类：.接不定式或动名词意义根本不变的有：like,love,hate,begin,start,continue,attempt,afford,prefer,propose,intend,neglect,can,tbear等。如：Hebegandoing/todohishomework.Hecontinueddoing/todohishomework.Ican'taffordgoing/togothere.Heintendedagreeing/toagreetothisplan.4/15word

OOMMMMMM.Hejustneglecteddoing/todothisjob.Theycan'tbearhearing/tohearthisatall..接不定式或动名词意义有变化的有：try,remember,forget,regret,mean,stop,goon等。如：Hetriedtofindthenearestpolicestation.〔设法做Thisdressisnotsosuitableforyou.Whynottryputtinganotheron?〔试试做,・•）Remembertocallme.11己着去做・・・）Herememberedseeingmebefore.11己得做过・・・）Heforgottolockthedoor.（忘记去做…）Heforgotlockingthedoor.（忘t己做过・・・）Iregrettotellyouapieceofbadnew.（抱歉要做…）Iregretsayingthistoyou.〔抱歉做过…〕Hemeanttocamehere.（打算做…）Missingthetrainmeansstayinghereforanother2days.〔意味着・・・）Hestoppedtalking.〔停止做…）Hestoppedtotalktome.（停下来做…）Hewentondoinghishomeworkafterarest.（继续做同一事）HewentontowatchTVafterfinishinghishomework.（继续做下一事）.后接动名词宾语表示被动的几个动词,形容词:need,want,require,deserve,beworthThecarneeds/wants/requiresrepairing.Thisbookdeserves/isworthreading.【典型例题】[例1]WeallthinkitusefulEnglish.A.learningB.beinglearntC.tolearn D.tobelearnt（答案为C,不定式做宾语，用形式主语it来代〕[例2]Whatagreatsurpriseitisherhere!A.seeingB.toseeC.seeD.thatsee（答案为B,不定式做主语，用形式主语it来代）5/15word[例3]Hetriedhisbesttogettothetrainstationonlythatthetrainhadleft.A.findB.tofindC.findingD.tobefound（答案为B,不定式做结果状语）[例4]TheyhaveagoodoftheChineseculture（文化）.A.understandB.understandingC.tounderstand D.tobeunderstood（答案为B,名词understanding,做“了解，理解〃讲）[例5]TheyhavedevotedthemselvestoD.teachesA.teach B.teachingC.taught（答案为B,动名词当宾语）D.teaches[例6]aftertheanimalsishisdaily（日常的）work.A.LookB.TolookC.LookingD.Looked（答案为C,抽象的日常的用动名词）[例[例7]Thebuilding[例7]Thebuildingherenowisahospital.A.tobuildB.tobebuiltC.building[例7]Thebuildingherenowisahospital.A.tobuildB.tobebuiltC.buildingD.beingbuilt（答案为D,现在分词作定语）othersforhelp.othersforhelp.othersforhelp.[例8]It'snogoodoftenothersforhelp.D.askedA.askingB.askC.toask（答案为A,It'snodoing句式）D.asked[例9]Whathasmadeyousosad?A.Lost B.LosingC.BecauseIhavelostD.SinceIlost〔答案为B,上句中提问一个名词性质的词）[例10]Heisbeginninghismistakes.A.seeingB.toseeC.sawD.seen【答案为B,begin/start后面动名词与不定式都可以，且意义区别不大，但如果它们以进展时出现后面如此必须用不定式防止重复）[例11]istobelieve.A.SeeingB.ToseeC.SawD.Seen（答案为B,此种句式要求前后对称〕6/15wordOOMMMM.[例12]Heobjectstothenewbuilding.D.beingbuiltA.buildB.bebuiltC.building(答案为C,objecttodoing反对做…)D.beingbuilt【模拟试题】一.用不定式完成如下各句：Thedoctortold.（李蕾好好休息）Didyounotice?（有人离开房间吗？）IsawTom.（走进了书店）Iheard.〔有人敲门）Youmustget.（他今晚到这儿来一趟）It'simportant.（学习英语发音）Ihope.〔很快接到你的来信）Becareful.（别感冒）Ilikeinsummer.（去钓鱼）Iwant.〔成为一名教师）Thisbookis.（不容易懂）Hewastooexcited.〔说不出话来）You'dbetterspeakclearly.〔我们能听得更清楚一些）Hewaspleased.（看见她身体这样好）HanMeimeispentallhermoney.（为了穿得漂亮）Hello,MrBlack,Ihavesomethingimportant.（要告诉你）Iwantyou.（告诉我那个消息）Canyoutellme.（如何去那书店）Doyouknow.［怎么写这个句子）Heaskedme.（下一步该做什么）二.用动词的适当形式填空:1.Ishallneverforget(meet)himonthefirstdayatcollege.1.Ishallneverforget(meet)himonthefirstdayatcollege.2.Doyouenjoy(visit)friends?2.Doyouenjoy(visit)friends?3.Ireallydon'tknowwhat[say).3.Ireallydon'tknowwhat[say).7/15wordHeiscleverat(learn)languages.Iexpectyou(come)atsix.I'mlookingforwardto(come)backhome.Thestudentsweretold(notgo)outoftheschool.Theygotusedto(live)withhim.Sheisafraidof(bepraised).Wecanhelpyoufget)inthecrops,andyou'dbetter(havejarest.Thetwooldfriendscontinued(talk)witheachother.Iamsuretheprofessorhasagreed(meet)me.Heseems(havefinished)hisjob.Iallowedher(go)home.Thebookseemseasy(read).Ican'thelp〔think)of〔come)hereagain.It'seasy(say)butdifficult[do).Thebookisworth(read).Iused〔go)toschoollate.It'sapleasure(meetjthenewteachersand(hear)themfintroduce)themselves.Heblamed〔指责〕mefor(notbe)hereontime.Your(see)himagainmustbeasurprisetoyou.It'sawasteoftime〔try)todothisjob.Iobjectto(have〕themeetinghere.Iamsorryfor(disturb)you.三.选择填空：Theboypromised[许诺)himmorehelp.A.giveB.togiveC.thathegiveD