2022届高考英语一轮复习UNIT2对社会有突出贡献的人物训练（含解析）北师大版

对社会有突出贡献的人物课时练（一）一、主题语基拓展练（一）主题词汇盘查（已会词汇，在口内打“J”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记）©intelligence②confident©intelligenceTOC\o"1-5"\h\z©modest □©disability □©confused □©warm-hearted □@6nthusiastic □@kggressive □⑮stubborn □@noody □(@professional □□©selfish□©determined□©embarrassed□©grateful□@desperately□@bompetent□@butspoken□(Qualification□@perseverance□（二）主题词汇训练modest,selfish,disability,grateful,warm-hearted,outspokenHeissuchawarm-heartidmanthatwealladmirehimverymuch.Bynomeanswillherparentsallowhertomarrysuchaselfishman.Inmanywaysmydisabilityhasmademegrowmoreandmoreindependent.Thestudentthatwaspraisedatyesterday'smeetingisthemonitorwhoisverymodestandworksveryhard.Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldinformmeofyourdecisionsatyourearliestconvenience.Thisoutspokenspecialistoftensaystothebossesthatplantingmoretreesismoreimportantthanbuildingfactories.IL单句语法填空Heonlygaveanembarrassed(embarrass)smilewhenshespilledthewaterontohim.AtfirstIthoughtIunderstoodwhatmyteachersaid,butthemoreheexplained,themorecoefused(confuse)Ibecame.Adetermined(determine)personalwaystriestofinishthejob,nomatterhavestrategicvalueonceit'scommercialized.语篇解读:本文主要介绍了在“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平带领下的科学家们进行了在沙子和海水中种植水稻的试验。Whathascausedthescientiststofindnewwaysofgrowingrice?Theincreaseofriceconsumers.Thehighcostofriceproducing.Thelandshortageofricegrowing.Theseverepollutionoffreshwater.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，能种植水稻的土地短缺促使科学家们去寻找种植水稻的新方法。Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?About90%ofthericeisdemandedandconsumedinChina.Theproductionofanewtypeofriceislargerthanexpected.Theincreaseofsalinelandismainlycausedbyclimatechange.Seawaterisusedintheexperimentbecauseitischeapertogain.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，其中一种在迪拜种植的水稻产量为每英亩三吨多，这超出了人们的预料，故选B。Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotherice-growingexperiment?A.Doubtful. B.Positive.C.Critical. D.Disappointed.解析：选B观点态度题。根据最后一段可推知，作者对这种水稻种植的试验持乐观的态度。II.阅读七选五1“Alotoflearningcomesthroughplay,“saysMcGarry,aspecialeducationteacherfor28years.She'dseenthewoodchipsandsandoftraditionalplaygroundsstopwheelchairsdeadintheirtracks.2Sheaskedmanykidsfortheirwishlist.Shealsoaskedexpertsforhelp.AndshebroughtonboardherfriendSueMayer,whoseeight-year-oldson,Sam,hasaseriousdisease.3__Thereweresilentauctions（拍卖）andT-shirtsales.ThelocalPieperFamilyFoundationofferedtodonatehalfoftheremaining$170,000balanceifMcGarrycouldraisetherest.The$450,000coveredmaterials,buttheactualconstructionwouldcostanadditional$900,000.Notachoice.Butthecommunitycouldbuildit.4―Ten-year-oldssandedsurfaces.Today,PossibilityPlaygroundisoneofthemostpopulardestinationsinOzaukeeCounty.There，sagiantpirateship,asandbox,monkeybars,swingsandsoon.5It'sexactlywhatMcGarrywanted.Peopleusedtoaskwhyshewantedtobuildaplaygroundjustforchildrenwithdisabilities."Theydidn，tgetit.It，sonlywhenyoubuildaplaygroundforchildrenwithdisabilitiesthatyoubuildoneforallchildren,“shesaid.Soonsmallerbusinesseswerehelping.Allchildrenplayshouldertoshoulder.Butherstudentsweretoooftenleftout.Everyonethoughtitwasreallyagreatwonder.Acoupleintheir80soperatedtheirowntrucks.McGarrystartedresearchingplayequipmentandcontactingdesignfirms.Theyrolleduptheirsleevesandusedtheirweekdaystobringherideatolife.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。MardyMcGarry打算为残疾儿童建造一个操场的消息传开后，镇上有三分之一的人过来帮忙。最后在社会各界的帮助下，操场顺利完工。.选G根据空前一句可知，镇上有三分之一的人加入其中，为孩子们建造一个操场。据此可推知，空处应是继续说明镇上的人帮助她把想法变为现实，故选G。.选F根据空前一句可知，市政会为操场选址；根据空后一句可知，McGarry询问学生们的愿望。据此可推知，空处应是说明她开始调查所需设备，并联系设计公司，故选F。.选A根据本段介绍的拍卖会、资金会的捐款等活动可知，A项“很快一些更小型的公司也来帮忙”符合语境。.选E空前一句是说在听到这个消息后，两位女士请假过来帮忙；空后一句是说孩子们也帮忙打磨地面。据此可推知，空处与此对应，应是介绍人们过来帮忙的具体例子，故选Eo.选B根据空处下文中的“youbuildoneforallchildren”可推知，空处介绍McGary建造操场想要看到的一幕：所有孩子肩并肩地一起玩耍。故选B。.书面表达假定你是李华，班级将组织一次以“我心目中的英雄”为主题的班会活动，请你以HeroesinMyHeart为题，写一篇演讲稿。基本要求如下：.你心目中英雄的标准；.你心目中英雄的事迹简介（请举1〜2例）；.从这些英雄事迹中，你学到了些什么。注意：词数100左右。参考范文：HeroesinMyHeartHello,everyone,Somepeoplethinkthataheromustbeapersonwhohasmadeoutstandingcontributionstothecountryortheworld.Somepeoplemayregardtheonewhosavedmanylivesasasuperhero.Inmyheart,aheromustbeaneverymanwhoishelpfulandbraveindailylife.Myfatherissuchaperson,whoisalwaysreadytohelp.Myfatherisnotonlywarm-heartedbutalsoverybrave.Lastsummer,ourfamilywasonvacationatthebeach.Myfatherwaswatchingmybrotherandmeplayinthewaterwhenawomanalertedhimthattwochildreninthedeeperwaterappearedtobeindanger.Hearingthis,heimmediatelyswamtothestrugglingkids.Afterdoinghisbesttorescuethetwokidssuccessfully,myfathergottiredandexhausted.Hetoldthereporter,“Itookactionoutofinstinct,andIwasjustdoingwhatanydadwoulddo."Myfathersetagoodexampleforus,andhisspiritwillalwaysinspireustomoveon.howharditis.Evenstudentsofaverageintelligence(intelligent)canbecometopstudentsbyimprovingtheirstudyhabits..Theyareenthusiasticaboutlife,eagertolearn,andcuriousabouteverything.Oncompletingthecourses,mybrotherwillhaveearnedthequalification(qualify)toapplyforateachinglicense.Highlyqualifiedprofessional(profession)peoplelikedoctorsandengineersareingreatneedinthecountryside.III.写出下列句中加蓝词的汉语意思He，ssostubbornthatI'mafraidIcan，tpersuadehimtochangehismind.固执的，倔强的IamwritinginthehopethatyouwillbeabletooffermethejobandIfeelIamcompetentforit. 能胜任的Ourspokesmandeclinedtocommentontheiraggressiveacts. 侵略的,挑衅的Onlyifyouhaveagoalandgoforitwithperseverancecanyourdreamsbeachieved.毅力Themanintheriverdesperatelytriedtoreachtheside. 拼命地，不顾一切地Itisdifficulttopredicthisreactionbecauseheissomoody. 喜怒无常的二、主题语篇押题练I.阅读理解ChinesefemalescientistTuYouyouwontheNobelPrizeinmedicineforherdiscoveriesconcerninganoveltreatmentagainstmalaria(疟疾).ThisisthefirstNobelPrizegiventoaChinesescientistforworkcarriedoutwithinChina.TusharedtheprizewithIrish-bornWilliamCampbellandSatoshiOmuraofJapan,whowerehonoredfortheirrevolutionaryanti-roundwormtreatment.84-year-oldTuisawardedthisprizeforhercontributiontocuttingthedeathrateofmalaria,reducingpatients，sufferingandpromotingmankind，shealth.Althoughshereceivedseveralmedicalawardsinthepast,theNobelPrizeisdefinitelythemostprivilegerewardthatrecognizesTu'sdedicationandperseveranceindiscoveringartemisinin（青蒿素），thekeydrugthatbattlesmalaria-friendlyparasites（寄生虫）.However,herroutetothehonorhasbeenanythingbuttraditional.ShewontheNobelPrizeformedicine,butshedoesn，thaveamedicaldegreeoraPhD.InChina,sheisevenbeingcalledthethree-noes^winner:nomedicaldegree,nodoctorate,andshe，sneverworkedoverseas.NowonderhersuccesshasstirredChina'snationalprideandhelpedpromoteconfidenceofnativeChinesescientists.ThefactthatTuhasnoneofthesethreebackgroundsremindsusthatscienceshouldbemoreaccessibletoall.Oneshallbeabletobecomeascientistnomatterwhatkindofbackgroundheorshecomesfrom,aslongasonedivesintoscientificresearch.Therehavebeendiscussionsonpeoplewhoreallylovesciencebutareneverabletoachievemuchduringtheirwholelife.Theircontributionscanneverbeignored.Theyworksohardtoprovethewrongwaysothatthefutureresearcherswillbeclosertotherightone.AsthefirstChinesemainlandNobelPrizewinnerofnaturalscienceaward,Tu'srecord-breakingwinningalsoservesasaremindertothosewhoaretooeagerforinstantsuccess.Scienceisneveraboutinstantsuccess.Tuspentdecadesonscientificresearchbeforeitsvalueisofficiallyacknowledged.Thereisnowaytomeasurehowmuchonedevotestoscienceandcompareitwithhowmuchrewardheorshemayget.语篇解读：中国女科学家屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔医学奖，作为一名“三无” 无医学学位、无博士学位、无海外经历获奖者，她带给我们很多值得思考的东西。Wecanknowfromthetextthat.TuworkedathomeandabroadtoconductherresearchTugottheNobelPrizeforheranti-roundwormtreatmenttheNobelPrizeisthefirstawardtorecognizeherworkherdiscoveryofartemisininhashelpedtocutmalariadeathrate解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，屠呦呦发现的青蒿素降低了疟疾的死亡率，故选D。Theauthorseemstoagreethatapersonwhoismorelikelytobecomeascientististheonewith.asenseofnationalpriderelevantacademicknowledgeadesiretoachievesuccessenthusiasmforscientificresearch解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，一个人无论什么背景、来自何处,只要专心于科学研究，就有可能成为一名科学家，故选D。Inwritingthepassage,rmreadersofthenewsandmakecommentsdiscouragethepursuitofinstantsuccessinscienceremindreadersoftheprinciplesofscientificresearchpraisetheawardwinnerandencouragescientificresearch解析：选A写作意图题。作者首先告知大家屠呦呦获奖的消息，然后对这件事带给我们的反思进行了评论，故选A。II.完形填空（2021•兰州第一中学期中考试）Thesnowwasfallingandtheroadshadbecomedangerous.Theschoolsweredismissedearly,butmuchtomysurprise,myjwasn'tcanceled.SoIwent,feelingespeciallyheroic.AsfarasIcouldsee,Iwasriskingmylifetokeepmy_2_.Snowornosnow,Iwouldbeontimeformyscheduleddonationatthelocal3—center.WhenIgotthere,IdiscoveredIwasn't4.Fourmore“hero-types”werealreadylyingbackindonorchairswithlines5totheirveins,andmachinesquietlypumpingawayto6—theirlifesavinggifts.Seeingmyfellowdonorshonoringtheirowncommitments,IrealizedwhyIwasthere.Ilaybackinmydonorchair,readytomakeadifferenceinthelifeofsomeoneIwouldnever7.Tobehonest,I'dneverreallythoughtaboutwhyIdonate.Ijustdoit.Butafewmonthsago,duringoneofmy8donationsIlearnedthatmybloodwasspecificallyforacancerpatientandforanewbornbaby一bothpatientsneededwhatIwouldgiveinordertolive.I'veviewedmyvisitstothebloodcenter9eversince.MywifeKarenisa^0,too.Andmoreimportantly,shehasbeenonthebonemarrow（骨雕listforfifteenyears,eversinceshesigneduptoprovidebonemarrowtoakindergartnerwithleukemia（白血病）.ThatlittlegirldiedbeforeKaren'sbonemarrowcouldhelpher,nKarenwascalledagainrecently.Hertestresultswerestillonfile,anditturnedoutshewasapotentialforsomeoneelse.ThecalleraskedKarenifshewouldstillbewillingtobecomeabonemarrowdonor.“Yes,"shesaidandthenimmediatelybeganansweringquestionsonthepagesofpaperworkforfurthertesting.Itwasarace13time.IwishIcouldsaythatthis14—waswon.Itwasn，t.ThecallerlaterthankedKarenforherparticipationandaskedafewmorequestions一includingwhetherornotshe'd15onthedonorlist."Ofcourse,“Karenanswered.LastweekKarengavebloodandnextweekV11makemyusualdonation.I'll16anafternoonfrommyscheduleandmakeanappointment.Idon，tknowwhoselifemydonationmay 17,Mostlikelyitwillbea18,butonanydaythepersonneedingabloodproductcouldbeyouormeormaybealovedone.Itisworthwhileto19ourtimetodonate.Ireallydofeel20everytimeIdonate.AndIlikethefeeling.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者志愿参加献血的活动告诉我们：你献出的每一份小小爱心，都可能有大影响。A.appointment B.classC.meeting D.flight解析：选A根据下文可知，作者要去参加献血活动，即使下大雪了，他的预约(appointment)也没取消。故选A。A.secret B.balanceC.shape D.word解析：选D因为下着大雪作者还是去了，所以说作者是冒着生命遵守诺言。固定短语keepone'sword“遵守诺言”。故选D。A.service B. shoppingC. blood D. care解析:选C根据第四段的"bloodcenter"可知，此处指血液(blood)中心。故选C。A.alone B. welcomeC. late D. lucky解析：选A根据“Fourmore'hero-types'werealreadylyingbackindonorchairswithlinestotheirveins”可知,作者不是一个人(alone)。故选A。A.exposed B.attachedC.applied D.added解析：选B另外四个“英雄”已经躺靠在捐赠者的椅子上，他们的血管上连着(attached)输液管。故选B。A.examine B.produceC.collect D.clean解析：选C机器静静地抽走并且收集(collect)着他们的救命礼物一一血液。这里指

采集可以挽救别人生命的血。故选c。A.meet B. forgetC. miss D. recognize解析：选A作者献血也许会帮助某个他以前从未谋面(meet)的人。故选A。A.regular B. unexpectedC. special D. pleasant解析：选B根据前句“Tobehonest,I'dneverreallythoughtaboutwhyIdonate.可知，作者在一次意外的(unexpected)捐献中了解到了献血的重要性。故选B。A.wisely B.differentlyC.hesitantly D.carefully解析：选B作者得知自己的血液是专门为一位癌症患者和一位新生儿捐献的后，他对献血这件事的看法改变了。故选B。differently“不同地”。A.receiver B.doctorD.donorC.patientD.donor解析：选D根据下文说她在捐赠骨髓的名单上可知，作者的妻子一直都是一个捐赠者(donor)o故选DoB.butA.orB.butC.and D.for解析：选B根据句意可知，前后为转折关系。故选B。A.risk B.customerC.match D.partner解析：选C她的测试结果还在档案里，并且结果证明她仍然是一个潜在的匹配者(match)o这里指血型相匹配。故选C。13.A.beyondB.withC.againstD.of解析：选C13.A.beyondB.withC.againstD.of解析：选C这就是指与时间赛跑。固定短语：araceagainsttime"与时间赛跑”，故选Co14.A.honor14.A.honorprize解析：选D根据上文“Itwasarace故选Do14.A.honorprize14.A.honorprize解析：选D根据上文“Itwasarace故选DoB.testrace—time.”可知，这是一场比赛(race)B.signB.signD.remain15.A.rankC.appear解析：选D句意：打电话的人问凯伦是否愿意继续留在捐赠者的名单上。也就是她是否还愿意捐赠。故选D。remain“遗留”。16.A.clearseparate16.A.clearlose D.remove解析：选A根据"I'llanafternoonfrommyscheduleandmakeanappointment."可知，此处是指作者要在百忙之中抽出(clear)一个下午去做这件事。故选AoB.affectA.touchB.affectC.create D. enrich解析：选B作者并不知道自己的捐赠可能会影响(affect)谁的生命。故选B。A.child B. strangerC.hero D. friend解析：选B很可能是一个陌生人(stranger),但有一天，需要血液制品人可能就是你,或者“我”，或者可能就是你所爱的人。故选B。A.spend B. saveC.kill D. take解析：选D花费(take)“我们”的时间在捐赠上还是很值得。故选D。A.empty B. gratefulC.proud D. nervous解析:选C根据“AndIlikethefeeling.v可知，作者为此感到骄傲(proud)。故选Co课时练(二)-、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在口内打“J”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)(Dpersonality□(Dpersonality□③lucky □⑤talented □©surprising □©reliable □(fi^irtue □@tehock □@butgoing □@bptimistic □(Dpersonality□③lucky □(Dpersonality□③lucky □⑤talented □©surprising □©reliable □(fi^irtue □@tehock □@butgoing □@bptimistic □□ ©patiently©diligent□©outstanding□⑧independent□©considerate□⑫felegant□@hmbition□@bheerful□⑱Sympathetic□@&nxious □ @breative □(二)主题词汇训练.选词填空outgoing,ambition,diligent,considerate,virtue,optimistic,elegantImadesuchgreatprogressinEnglishthatmyteacherpraisedmesayingthatIwasmorediligentthanclever.Asanoutgoinggirl,Igetalongwellwithmyclassmates.MyambitionistoworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftwarewhenIgrowup.Itwasreallyconsiderateofyourbrothernottoplaytheguitarwhileyouwerepreparingforyourlessons.Althoughtheoldmansuffersfromlungcancer,heisstilloptimisticabouthislife.Iespeciallylikethisfloweryskirt.Mywifemustbeveryelegantinit.WhenIencourageanothertodogood,bothofourvirtuesarebuiltup.IL单句语法填空Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachershelpuspatiently(patient).EverybodysaidJanewasatalented(talent)girlbecauseshedidwellinallhersubjects.Ourparentsandteacherskeeptellingustobeactiveandcreative(create).Onlyinthiswaycantheygrowuptobeindependent(independence)andbecometrulysuccessful.Wearelookingforsomeonewhoisreliable(rely)andhardworking.Hearingthenews,allpresentwereshocked(shock)andlookedateachother,speechlessly.Ihavethisimageofyouasalwaysbeingcheerful(cheer)andoptimistic.Hislovingandselflessnaturehasinspiredmetobecomemoresympathetic(sympathy)andconsiderate,puttingothersfirst.III.用木单元词汇替换/升级加蓝词.NotonlycanthePEclassbuildourbodybutalsocanshapeourpersonality,character.Althoughhemadeaseriousmistakeinhiswork,hewasluckytoescapebeingfortunatefiredfiredfiredbyhisboss.firedbyhisboss..Asweallknow,hemadeanoutstandingcontributiontoscience.brilliant.It'ssurprisingthatthe12-year-oldboysurvivedonabottleofwaterinthe earthquake.amazing.Shewasanxioustofinishschoolandgetajob.keen二