2020高考英语代词、名词单句填空、语法填空精选试题17

疯狂专练五代词和名词单句填空+语法填空技巧点拨\当句子缺主语或宾语时，填代词：人称代词主格和宾格、指示代词或it。因为充当主语或宾语的应是名词或代词，而在语法填空的纯空格中一般是不要求考生填名词的，所以只要句子缺主语或宾语，就填代词。此时，要根据前后语境，看该空格是指人还是事物，指男还是指女，是单数还是复数。除人称代词外，也有可能是填不定代词等。还有可能是填作形式主语或形式宾语的it，替代后面作真正的主语或宾语的不定式、动名词或从句。解题技巧如下：第一步：分析句子结构。若句子缺主语，则要填代词主格、指示代词、不定代词或it；若动词或介词后面缺宾语，则要填代词的宾格、指示代词、不定代词或it。如果该宾格与主语是同一人，应用反身代词。第二步：理解句子意思。根据各个代词的意义和用法，以及句子所需的意义，填入合适的代词。常考考点\人称代词（主格/宾格）反身代词名词性物主代词常考的不定代词指示代词I/memyselfmineother/anotherthis/thatyouyourself/yourselvesyoursboth/neither/either

he/himhimselfhisall/noneshe/herherselfhersnothing/nobodyititselfitseverything/everybodythese/we/usourselvesoursanything/anybodythosethey/themthemselvestheirssomething/somebody名词复数变化:情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加-s清辅音后/s/；浊车甫音和元音后读/z/map-maps地图bag-bags书包/袋子以s,ss,x,ch,sh等结尾的词加-es-es读/iz/bus-buses公共汽车class-classes课以-f或-fe结尾的名词多数将-f和-fe变v加-es-ves读/vz/wife-wives妻子leaf-leaves树叶shelf-shelves架子

knife-knives小\刀wolf-wolves狼thief-thieves贼/小偷half-halves半life-lives生命记忆口诀：妻子用树架小刀将贼和狼劈成2半结束它们的生命以兀音字母+y结尾的名词(a,e,i,o,u)直接加-s-s读/z/boy-boys男孩day-days天monkey-monkeys猴子holiday—holidays假日toy-toys玩具 key-keys钥匙/答案记忆口诀：男孩和猴子天天在节假日玩玩具和钥匙以辅音字母+y结尾的非专有名词a,e,i,o,u变y为i再加es-s读/z/library-libraries图书馆family-families家庭hobby-hobbies业余爱好以辅音字母+0结尾的名词一般加-es-es读/z/Negro-Negroes黑人hero—heroes英雄tomato-tomatoes西红柿potato-potatoes土豆mango-mangoes芒果

记忆口诀：黑人英雄喜欢吃西红柿，土豆还有芒果以兀音字母+0结尾的以及外来名词加-S-S读/z/zoo-zoos动物园photo-photos照片kangaroo-kangaroos袋鼠bamboo-bamboos竹子radio-radios收音机piano-pianos钢琴记忆口诀：（动物园）（照片）中的（袋鼠）可以用（竹子）听（收音机）和弹（钢琴）单复数同形名词保持不变deer-deer鹿sheep-sheep绵羊fish-fish鱼people-people人/人们Chinese-Chinese中国人English英国人Japanese-Japanese日本人Vietnamese-Vietnamese越南人Swiss瑞士人Portuguese葡萄牙人Lebanese黎巴嫩人记忆口诀：草原上吃草两种动物：鹿和绵

羊水里游的鱼；中日英三国家人；越，瑞，葡，黎4四国家人表示某国人名词的复数直接加shuman-humans（人，人类）German-Germans（德国人）Russian-Russian（俄罗斯人）American-Americans（美国人）Italian-Italians（意大利人）Indian-Indians（印度人）Canadian-Canadians（加拿大）Australian-Australians（澳大）Swede-Swedes（瑞典人）记忆口诀：人类/德国俄，美，意，印，加，瑞复数加S无连字号复合名词以后面名词变复数规律保持一致mooncake-mooncakes（月饼）bookcase-bookcases（书橱）armchair-armchairs（轮椅）toothpick-toothpicks（牙签）housewife-housewives（家庭主妇）gentleman-gentlemen（绅士）bookshelf-bookshelves（书架）stopwatch-stopwatches（秒表）wineglass-wineglasses（酒杯）

birthday-birthdays（生日）blackboard-blackboards（黑板）greenhouse-greenhouses（温室）第一个名词是man,woman的复合名词两者都要变复数manteacher-menteachers（男老师）womandoctor-womendoctors（女医生）男人/女人做定语修饰名词，两者都需要变复数以f,fe结尾特殊名词直接在词尾加sroof-roofs（屋顶）chief—chiefs（首领）serf—serfs（农奴）reef-reefs（礁石/暗礁）hoof-hoofs（马蹄）cliff-cliffs（悬崖）gulf—gulfs（海湾/鸿沟）belief-beliefs（信仰/信念）proof-proofs（证据）记忆口诀：（屋顶）上的（首领）踩着（礁石）和（马蹄）带领（农奴）在（悬崖）（鸿沟）上找到了（信仰）和（证据）.改内部双兀音及其它字母的名词复数man---men男人woman-women女人ox-oxen牛以及一些外来词名词加ren或者加enchild—children（孩子们）goose-geese鹅tooth-teeth牙齿foot-feet脚mouse-mice老鼠loues-lice寄生虫basis-bases（基础）（将i变为e）记忆口诀：（男人/女人a该e）（牛孩子们加en/ren）（老鼠寄生将m,l后面改为ice）.【2018•全国卷III】WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind(they)alive..【2017・全国卷II】However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusingeveryday..【2017・全国卷II】Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoandfromwork..【2018・全国卷III】I'ma(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys..【2018•全国卷I改编】Itshowedthatamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall7(cause)..Nervouslyfacingchallenges,IknowIwillwhisperto(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself'..Likeuniversitystudents,UShighschoolstudentshavethefreedomtochoosethe

coursesthatmostinterest(they)..LastOctober,whiletendinghergarden,shepulledoutahandfulofsmall(carrot)andwasabouttothrowthemaway..Onceinaspeechthe64-year-olddirectorsharedhisideaabouthowtomaketraditional(treasure)comealiveagain..Thenhestartedtobuildmoreandmorekindsof(model).、直击考题passagel体裁主题体裁主题记叙文寓言故事字数建议用时214字8分钟【河南省豫西名校2018届高三下学期第一次联考】Thestoryhappenedinancienttimes.Akingwassocleverthathethoughtofagoodwaytotest1hismenwerereliable.Oneday,hehadahugerock2(place)onaroadwayatnight.Thenhehid3(him)nearbyandwatchedcarefullytoseeifanyonewouldremovethebigrock.Some4(wealth)businessmenandhighofficialscameby,buttheysimplywalkedaroundit.Manyofthemevenloudlyblamedthekingfornotkeepingtheroadsclear,butnoneofthemwouldbother 5(get)thebigstoneoutoftheway.Thenavillagercamealongcarryingaloadofvegetables.On6(approach)thebigrock,hestoppedandlaiddownhisburden,tryinghardtomovethestonetothesideoftheroad.Aftermuchpushing,he7(final)succeeded.Asthevillagerpickeduphisloadofvegetables,henoticedapurselyingintheroadwheretherock8 (be).Thepursecontainedmanygoldcoinsandanotefromtheking,sayingthatthegoldwasfortheperson9removedthehugerockfromtheroad.Thevillagerlearnedavaluablelessonthatmanyotherswouldneverunderstand:Everyobstaclepresents10opportunitytoimproveone,scondition.passage2体裁主题字数建议用时议论文故宫博物馆201字9分钟【2019届湖北八校高三第二次联考试卷】Forthefirsttimein94years,thePalaceMuseumhasextendeditsopeninghours,allowingthepublictocelebratetheLanternFestivalatnightintheancientpalace.About3,000luckyvisitorsreceivedfreeticketsfromthegovernment,among1wasZhangZhifu,a77-year-oldpublicsecurityvolunteer.It,samarkofgratitudeforhervolunteerwork.“Itis2(true)anhonortobegrantedthisspecialprivilege,”Zhangsaid.Toguaranteethe3(safe)ofthepalace,festivalorganizers4(plan)thisyear,sLanternFestivaleventusedLEDlightsratherthantraditionalpaperlanternsandredcandles.It,safascinatingeventforvisitorstoabsorb5(they)inthefestiveatmosphereinthemuseum.DiscussionofthePalaceMuseum,snewlooklitupsocialmediafollowingTuesday'sdisplay.SincehebecamedirectorofthePalaceMuseum,ShanJixiang6(bring)manychangestothewords7(large)royalcomplex健筑群).Onceinaspeechthe64-year-olddirectorsharedhisideaabouthowtomaketraditional8(treasure)comealiveagain.“ 9matterstoamuseumisnothowmanyvisitorstheyhave,buthowclosetheyare10people,sdailylives,”hesaid.passage3体裁话题主题建议用时记叙文日常生活遇险得救7分钟【四川省天府名校2020届高三上学期第一轮联合质量测评试题】Macwascyclingalongaroad.Withaheavycampbag,hewasn,tmovingveryfast.Suddenlyheheardloudbreathingbehindhim.1(look)tohisside,hewas2(terrify)tofinditwasn,tadogbutawolfthatwasrunningafterhim.Hereached3thesprayinthebag.Withonehandonthehandlebar,hefiredit.Abrightredcolorcoveredthewolfanditfellbackshakingitshead.Butaminute4(late)itwasbyhissideagain.Hesprayed5secondtime,thewolffallingbackagainbutonlytoquicklyrestart6(it)attack.Thewolfwasgettingcloser.Macwavedandyelledatpassing7(motorist)butmeanwhilerodehard.Heknewclearlyhemustbecarefulnottoslowdown.8(fortunate),PaulandBeckyweredrivingalongthesameroadwhentheyspottedthescene.TheydrovetowardMac.Whenthecarwasinfrontofhim,Macjumpedoffthebikeanddashedforthebackdoor.Paul_9(open)thedoorsoastoletMacin.Itwasquiteawhile^l0^^Macbecamecalmandthankedthem.passage4体裁主题字数建议用时议论文“夸夸”群209字8分钟【2019年广东省梅州市高三第一次质量检测】Aphenomenonknownas“in-need-of-praise”hastakenChinesesocialmediabystorm.UserscannowjoinachatgrouponWeChatorQQ,wheretheywill^^^(praise)andgainencouragementfromothers——foraprice.The“in-need-of-praise”chatgroupsareareflectionofChineseculture2valuesmodestyandhumility(谦逊)，leadingmanypeopletooftencovertheirtrueemotions.InChineseculture,3(open)seekingandgivingpraiseisuncommon.ThetrendseemedtohavestartedwithachatgroupontheplatformDoubanfouryearsago.SinceMarchmanyotherchatgroups4(become)popular,especiallyamongyoungpeople.Forthem,gainingrecognitionfrompeersismoreimportantthangettingapprovalfromoldergenerations.Theycanfeel5senseofbelongingandgainpraiseinthesechatgroups,whichis6(benefit)totheirmentalhealth.It,salsoanoutletforuserstoshow7(kind)andsupporteachother.Lifepressurecanbebigenough,soweneedtobesurroundedbywarm8(word),orevensomeblindconfidence.Butanyone9(receive)orgivingpraiseinsuchgroupsshouldbecautious.Thebiggestriskistheconstantfocusonthe“falseself,”whichmakes10hardertoseethe“trueself'.答案与解析【答案】them【解析】考查代词。此处做find的宾语，所以用宾格them。【答案】it【解析】考查代词。句意：但是，铁路很快被印证是一次伟大的成功，在6个月里，25,000多人每天都使用它。it指代therailway，故填it。【答案】crowds【解析】考查名词。此处表示复数概念，crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填crowdso【答案】scientist【解析】考查名词。句意：我是一名研究动物的科学家，研究比如猿和猴子。根据句意可知，此处指科学家，故填scientisto【答案】causes【解析】考查名词复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。根据句意用复数形式。故填causeso【答案】myself【解析】句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。本句的主语是I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myselfo【答案】them【解析】分析句子可知，interest为定语从句的谓语，后接人称代词宾格做宾语。

故填them。【答案】carrots【解析】考查名词单复数。根据上文的'ahandfulof'可知，此处表示一把小胡萝卜，所以应用carrot的复数形式。【答案】treasures【解析】考查名词的数。句意：在一次演讲中，这位64岁的导演分享了他关于如何让传统宝藏重新焕发生机的想法。treasure为可数名词，此处表示数量不止一个，故填名词复数treasureso【答案】models【解析】考查名词的数。句意：然后他开始建立越来越多的模型。model为可数名词，且根据上文moreandmorekindsof可知应填名词的复数形式modelso直击考J直击考Jpassagel【答案】whether/ifplaced.himself4.wealthywhether/ifplaced.himself4.wealthytogetapproachingfinallyhadbeen9.who/that10.an【解析】1.1.考查连词。句意:试他的部下是否可靠的好方法。分析句意可知是从句中缺少一个连接词，从意思分析是“是否”之意，故用whether/if。.考查过去分词作宾补。句意：一天晚上，他把一块大石头放在巷道里。根据句意可知stone和place是被动关系，石头是被放置，故要用过去分词作宾补。所以要用placedo.考查反身代词。句意：然后他躲在附近，仔细观察，看是否有人会把那块大石头移走。hidehimself比&由丫0把自己藏在附近。故用反身代词himselfo.考查形容词做定语。句意：一些有钱的商人和高级官员走过来，但他们只是绕着石头走。wealth用于修饰businessmen,修饰名词的要用形容词，故用wealthy。.考查固定搭配。句意：他们中的许多人甚至大声责备国王没有保持道路畅通，但他们谁也不愿把那块挡在路上大石头移走。bothertodo不愿意做，故填toget。.考查动名词。句意：这时，一个村民提着一袋蔬菜走了过来。他走近那块大石头，停下来放下包袱，努力把石头移到路边。ondoingsth.为固定用法，"一……就”，故填approchingo.考查副词。句意：几经努力，他终于成功了。副词在句子中作状语，修饰整个句子，故要用finally。.考查过去完成时。句意：当村民拿起他的蔬菜时，他注意到在原来有石头的路上有一个钱包。分析句子可知是在曾有岩石的路上，而石头已被他搬走了。他搬走了石头发生在过去，即大石头所在的路是过去的过去，要用过去完成时。故用hadbeen。.考查定语从句的关系词。句意：钱包里有一个纸条说“金子是给把巨石从大路上搬走的那个人的。”分析本句可知theperson是先行词，在从句中作主语，故用who/thato.考查冠词。句意：这个村民学到了许多人永远不会明白的宝贵教训：每一个障碍都是改变现状的机会。Opportunity是元音读音开头的，要用an，表示数字“一”。故用anopassage2

5.themselves【答案】5.themselves1.whom2.truly3.safety4.planninghasbrought7.largest8.treasures9.What 10.to【解析】.考查定语从句连接词。句意:大约3000名幸运的游客获得了政府的免费门票，其中包括77岁的公安志愿者张志福。whom引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词visitors，且在定语从句中作介词among的宾语，指人，故填whom。.考查副词。句意：能被授予