新视野试卷三级试卷及答案

Text1Somepessimisticexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisboundtofallintodisuse.Theyseeadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallautoswillbeabandoned.Otherauthorities,however,thinktheautoisheretostay.Theyholdthatthecarwillremainaleadingmeansofurbantravelintheforeseeablefuture.Themotorcarwillundoubtedlychangesignificantlyoverthenext30years.Itshouldbecomesmaller,safer,andmoreeconomical,andshouldnotbepoweredbythegasolineengine.Thecarofthefutureshouldbefarmorepollution-freethanpresenttypes.Regardlessofitspowersource,theautointhefuturewillstillbethemainprobleminurbantrafficcongestion(拥挤).Oneproposedsolutiontothisproblemistheautomatedhighwaysystem.Whentheautoentersthehighwaysystem,retractable(可伸缩的)armwilldropfromtheautoandmakecontactwitharail,whichissimilartothosepoweringsubwaytrainselectrically.Onceattachedtotherail,thecarwillbecomeelectricallypoweredfromthesystem,andcontrolofthevehiclewillpasstoacentralcomputer.Thecomputerwillthenmonitorallofthecar'smovements.Thedriverwilluseatelephonetodialinstructionsabouthisdestinationintothesystem.Thecomputerwillcalculatethebestroute,andreservespaceforthecarallthewaytothecorrectexitfromthehighway.Thedriverwillthenbefreetorelaxandwaitforthebuzzer(蜂鸣器)thatwillwarnhimofhiscomingexit.Itisestimatedthatanautomatedhighwaywillbeabletohandle10,000vehiclesperhour,comparedwiththe1,500to2,000vehiclesthatcanbecarriedbyapresent-dayhighway.(285words)Onesignificantimprovementinthefuturecarwillprobablybe .A)itspowersourceB)itsdrivingsystemC)itsmonitoringsystemD)itsseatingcapacityWhatistheauthor'smainconcern?Howtorenderautomobilespollution-free.Howtomakesmallerandsaferautomobiles.Howtosolvetheproblemoftrafficjams.D)Howtodevelopanautomatedsubwaysystem.Whatprovidesautoswithelectricpowerinanautomatedhighwaysystem?A)Arail.B)Anengine.C)Aretractablearm.D)Acomputercontroller.Inanautomatedhighwaysystem,allthedriverneedstodois .keepintherightlanewaittoarriveathisdestinationkeepinconstanttouchwiththecomputercenterD)informthesystemofhisdestinationbyphoneWhatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthefutureofautos?A)Enthusiastic.B)Pessimistic.C)Optimistic.D)Cautious.Text2Whatshouldyouthinkaboutintryingtofindyourcareer?Youareprobablybetteratsomeschoolsubjectsthanothers.Thesemayshowstrengthsthatyoucanuseinyourwork.Aboywhoisgoodatmathematicscanusethatinanengineeringcareer.Soitisimportanttoknowthesubjectsyoudowellinatschool.Ontheotherhand,youmaynothaveanyspeciallystrongorweaksubjectsbutyourrecordsshowageneralsatisfactorystandard.Althoughnotallsubjectscanbeuseddirectlyinajob,theymayhaveindirectvalue.Aknowledgeofhistoryisnotrequiredformostjobsbutifhistoryisoneofyourgoodsubjectsyouwillhavelearnedtorememberfactsanddetails.Thisisanabilitythatcanbeusefulinmanyjobs.Ifyouhavehadapart-timejobonSaturdaysorinthesummer,thinkwhatyougainedfromit.Ifnothingelse,youmayhavelearnedhowtogettoworkontime,tofollowinstructionsandtogetonwitholderworkers.Youmayhavelearnedtogivecorrectchangeinashop,forexample.Justasimportant,youmaybecomeinterestedinaparticularindustryorcareeryouseefromtheinsideinapart-timejob.Facingyourweakpointsisalsopartofknowingyourself.Youmaybeallthumbswhenyouhandletools;perhapsyouareapoorspellerorcannotaddupacolumnoffigures.Itisbittertofaceanyweaknessesthantopretendtheydonotexist.Yourschoolrecord,forinstance,maynotbetoogood,yetitisanimportantpartofyourbackground.Youshouldnotbeapologeticaboutitbutinsteadrecognizethatyouwillhaveachanceofafreshstartatwork.(303words)Whichofthefollowingbestsumsupthefirstparagraph?Theimportanceofdoingwellatschool.Usingschoolperformancetohelptochooseacareer.Theimportanceofbeinggoodatallsubjects.Theindirectvalueofschoolwork.Thewriterthinksthatforastudenttohaveapart-timejobisprobably .awasteoftimethatcouldhavebeenspentonstudyusefulforhisfutureworkagoodwaytoearnextramoneyagoodwaytofindouthisweakpointsAccordingtothepassage,ifastudent'sschoolrecordisnotgood,he .willbeacompletefailureinhisfutureworkwillnotbeabletofindasuitablejobwillregretnothavingworkedharderatschoolmaydowellinhisfutureworkWhichsubjectissupposedtohavenodirectvalueforjothunting?A)Mathematics.B)English.C)TechnicalDrawing.D)History.Thewholepassagecenterson .choosingacareeraccordingtowhatoneisskilledinacquiringknowledgebyworkinghardatschoolfindingone'sstrongandweakpointsdevelopingone'sabilitiesusefulinschoolworkText3AsaCanadianbilingual(双语的)teacher,IagreethattheCanadianbilingualschoolshavebeensuccessfulinproducingfunctionallybilingualstudents.However,Mr.Whelpton'ssuggestedconditionthatteachersintheseschoolsmustbefullybilingualmaybeunnecessary.Forexample,primaryteacherscananddofunctionwithasmallervocabularythansecondaryteachers.Secondly,itisdoubtfulthatstudentswilluseEnglishbecausethey"understandandaccepttheobjectiveofmakingEnglishthelanguageoftheclassroom"whichisarathersterilemotive.OnereasonthatCanadianbilingualprogramsworkisbecauseofthecommitmenttoWholeLanguageLearning,thatis,childrenlearnalanguage,(firstorsecond),byusingittotransmit(播送)orreceivemeaningfulmessagesthatareinteresting,realandimportant.Theywanttomaketheirneedsanddesiresknownandtounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Bilingualprogramsintegratelanguageandcontentinanactivity-based,child-centredmannersothatthechildismotivatedtousethesecondlanguageasatooltotransmitandreceivemessagesrelatedtosocialandacademicinterests.Mr.Whelpton'sthirdargumentthatallthestudentsinoneclassneedtobeatapproximatelythesamelevelofEnglishproficiency(熟练)whentheyswitchtoEnglishisunrealisticandunprofitable.Howdoesateachergroupchildrenwhohaveahugevocabularybutpoorgrammarskillsandotherswhohavecorrectgrammarbutapoorvocabulary?Also,supposethestudentshavesimilarlanguageabilitiesbutdifferentlearningstyles!Hencetheconceptofco-operativelearning:studentswithamixtureofpersonalities,talentsandweaknesses(amorerealisticreflectionoflife)learnbetterastheyco-operate(合作),insteadofcompete,anddependoneachotherforsupportandinformation.(280words)Howwouldyoudescribethewriter'sstyle?Thepassageiswritteninanacademicstyle.Thepassageiswritteninajournalisticstyle.Thepassageiswritteninapersonalstyle.ThepassageiswrittenonthebasisofwidespreadresearchintheareA)Howwouldyoudescribethewriter'sattitudetowardstheCanadianbilingualprogrammes?A)Balanced.B)Unenthusiastic.C)Supportive.D)Critical.Inparagraph1thewriter .agreescompletelywithMr.Whelpton'sargumentagreespartiallywithMr.Whelpton'sargumentdisagreescompletelywithMr.Whelpton'sargumentisoverwhelminglycriticalofMr.Whelpton'sargumentInparagraph2"sterile"isclosestinmeaningto .A)uninformativeB)unusualC)stereotypicalD)uninspiringAccordingtothewritertheCanadianbilingualprogramshavebeenasuccess .A)becausestudentsaccepttheobjectiveofmakingEnglishthelanguageoftheclassroomB)becausestudentsstudyinclassroomswhereeverybodyisataboutthesamelevelC)becausethestudentscanusetheirfirstlanguagefreelyD)becausetheyworktowardsreallifegoalsText4Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonworkforceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.Human-resourcemanagementisnottraditionallyseenascentraltothecompetitivesurvivalofthefirmintheUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility.Laborissimplyanotherfactorofproductiontobehiredrentedatthelowestpossiblecostmuchasonebuysrawmaterialsorequipment.Thelackofimportanceattachedtohuman-resourcemanagementcanbeseeninthecorporatehierarchy.InanAmericanfirmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondincommand.Thepostofheadofhuman-resourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO).Bywayofcontrast,inJapantheheadofhumanresourcemanagementiscentralusuallythesecondmostimportant,aftertheCEO,inthefirm'shierarchy.WhileAmericanfirmsoftenhavethevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworkforces,infact,theyinvestlessintheskillsoftheiremployeesthandoeitherJapaneseorGermanfirms.Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees.Andthelimitedinvestmentsthataremadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.Asaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthroughtechnologiesarrive.IfAmericanworkers,forexample,takemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGermany(astheydo).theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanythanitisintheUnitedStates.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretraininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange.Andintheendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcan'teffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobsthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.WhichofthefollowingappliestothemanagementofhumanresourcesinAmericancompanies?Theyhirepeopleatthelowestcostregardlessoftheirskills.Theyseethegainingofskillsastheiremployees’ownbusiness.Theyattachmoreimportancetoworkersthantoequipment.Theyonlyhiredskilledworkersbecauseofkeencompetition.Whatisthepositionoftheheadofhumanresourcemanagement?Heisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesinthefirm.Hispostislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologiesareintroduced.Heisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutive.D)Hehasnosayinmakingimportantdecisionsinthefirm.ThemoneymostAmericanfirmsputintrainingmainlygoesto .workerswhocanoperatenewequipmenttechnologicalandmanagerialstaffworkerswholackbasicgroundskillstopexecutivesWhat'sthemainideaofthepassage?AmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermanfirmsinhuman-resourcemanagement.Extensiveretrainingisindispensabletoeffectivehumanresourcemanagement.Theheadofhumanresourcemanagementmustbeinthecentralpositioninafirm'shierarchy.ThehumanresourcemanagementstrategiesofAmericanfirmswillaffecttheircompetitivecapacity.Accordingtothepassage,thedecisivefactorinmaintainingafirm'scompetitiveadvantageistheintroductionofnewtechnologiestheimprovementofworkers'skillstherationalcompositionofprofessionalandmanagerialemployeestheattachmentofimportancetothebottomhalfoftheemployeesVocabularyandStructure(15points)Directions:Choosethebestonetocompleteeachsentence.Imuchpreferfactualbookssuchasbiographiesto ofanykind.A)imaginationB)narrationC)fictionD)romantics42.Thestormdelayedus. thestormwewouldhavebeenintime.A)ButforB)IfitwerenotC)WithD)Unless43.Shakinghandsisa wayofgreeting.A)conventionalB)conditionalC)originalD)conversationalThetestresultsarenotvery .Hedoeswelloneweekandbadlythenext.A)consequentB)consistentC)continuousD)convinceWebelievethattheseillustrationswill somelightonthepointbeingdiscussed.A)showB)shineC)shedD)thriveTherewasa growthofthelightindustriesduringthelasttwentiesyears.A)considerateB)consideringC)considerableD)consideredWemustreviseourplan thelightofthesechanges.A)forB)inC)onD)withThenextbig confrontingtheworkersisthequestionsofwages.A)issueB)stuffC)questionD)matterIknownothingabouttheaccident ithappenedsomewherenearthehighway.A)apartfromB)exceptforC)besidesD)exceptthat50.TheAmericansstillhaveseveralmilitary ontheisland.A)installmentsB)installC)installationsiteD)installationsManydisagreementshave whenitcametothesharingoftheirfather’sestates.A)risenB)arisenC)raisedD)arrivedWhentheygotready,theenemyplaneflewoutofthe oftheirguns.A)fieldB)limitC)extentD)rangeTheUnitedKingdom England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.A)constitutesB)comprisesC)composesD)consists54.Allthekeywordsinthearticleareprintedin typesoastoattractreaders'attention.A)darkB)denseC)blackD)boldOnceyouhavemadeyourbookingandpaida ,thenthecostofyourholidaycannotbechanged.A)depositB)savingC)fundD)loanIdon'tlikethenoiseofthisairconditioner,butI'velearnedto it.A)staywithB)standwithC)gowithD)livewith57.Wetrustthatyouwillgivespecialcaretothepackingofthegoods theyshouldbedamagedintransit(运输).A)sothatB)lestC)ifD)unlessInpreparingscientificreportsoflaboratoryexperiments,astudentshould hisfindingsinlogicorderandclearlanguage.A)furnishB)proposeC)raiseD)presentMyfatheralwayswarnsmenottointerfere mattersthatdon’tconcernme.A)withB)inC)onD)aboutExtensivereportingontelevisionhashelpedto interestinawidevarietyofsportsandactivities.A)gatherB)generateC)assembleD)yieldThechildrenaredoingallkindsofthingstowinthe oftheirparents.A.effectB)affectionC)affectD)affectationWespentalldaytryingto ournewbookshelveswithascrewdriver.A.resembleB)decorateC)assembleD)transferHemightarriveontime,but arehewillbelateagain.A)possibilitiesB)prospectsC)probabilitiesD)chancesHe fromnewspaperworktodevotehisfulltimetowriting.A)abandonedB)quitC)withdrewD)reversedTheworkisnotveryprofitable money,butIamgettingvaluableexperiencefromit.A)inlinewithB)inregardwithC)bymeansofD)intermsofToimpressafutureemployer,oneshoulddressneatly,be ,anddisplayinterestinthejob.A)timelyB)swiftC)instantD)punctualManynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally oftherealitythattheyrepresent.A)reflectionsB)demonstrationsC)illuminationsD)reproductionsThoughherparents hermusicalability,Jennifer'spianoplayingisreallyterrible.A)pourscornonB)heappraiseuponC)giveventtoD)castlightuponEatingtoomuchfatcan heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.A)attributetoB)attendtoC)contributetoD)devotetoThetremendousexpenseoffullprotectionofendangeredanimals thefinancesoftheAfricancountrieswhicharefarfromrichanddeveloped.A)stretchesB)restrainsC)scratchesD)strainsCloze(20points)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethecorrectONEfromthefourchoicesgiventofillineachblank.(20points)Theboatwasfulloftimberandothergoodsbutno(71).Notevenblood(72)remainedbehind.Maybethecraftwas(73)inthefog.Still,noonewasleft(74)thefloatinggrave.Anewcrewwas(75)butmaybetheyhadnavigationproblems,human(76)orprobablyjustseveral(77)problems,thiscrewwaslost,too.Sincethis(78)oftheworldis(79)bytheGulfStream,therearemany(80)valleysthatare(81)deepunderthe(82).Clouds,rainandotheratmospheric(83)cancauseageneratortogoout.Manycruise(84)havereportedtotheirbureauofmanystrange(85)thathavetakenplaceatalmostthe(86)pointandtheyhappenedoverseveraloccasionsina(n)(87)periodofhistory.Theywouldgoandexaminetheincidentsandtrytofindoutexplanations.But,alas,it(88)asthoughtheoceanhas(89)allvisibleevidenceaway.TothisdaytheBermudaTriangle(90)amystery.A)crewB)memberC)passengerD)touristA)pointsB)dirtiesC)