英语四级作文议论文范文

英语四级作文议论文范文

ShouldWomenbeRegardedasInferiortoMen?

(1)

Ineverthinkthatwomenshouldbetreatedasthesecond-classcitizens.Observingobjectively,youllfindthatwomenhavesucceededinvirtuallyanyexistingoccupationyoucaretoname:politicians,soldiers,doctors,universityprofessors,lawyers,businessexecutives,scientistsandevenpresidentsofcountries.Todaysintensecompetitioninjobsisnotonlybetweenmen,butalsobetweenmenandtheweakersex,whohaveoftenputmentoshameinalmosteveryfield.Yetmenrefusetoacknowledgethemandgivewomentheirdue,andtheirattitudetowardswomenbecomesevenmorehostile.Theonlysoundexplanationforthisisthatmenshun(回避，躲避)realcompetition-theyareafraidofbeingbeatenatthegamesthattheyconsidertobetheirown.

Ifthereisanythingthatmenarebetterthanwomen,itistheirphysicalstrength.Nootherthingsthatmenclaimtoexcelinareborneoutbystatistics.Physicalstrengthexcluded,thefactisthatmenandwomenarebasicallyequalinallkindsofabilitiesexceptwhenitcomestolanguageartandnegotiationskills,atwhichwomenarebetter.Youcanbesurethatifnegotiationtaskswerelefttowomenwhoaregentler,moregracefulandlevelheaded,theywouldsucceedbrilliantly,wheremenhavefailedforcenturies,andthereforewarhasbeenafrequentsceneonthisplanet.Believeitornot,itiswomenwhocouldturnthosefilthyandbloodybattlefieldsintolandsofjoy.Sosomethingsaretooimportanttobelefttomen!(252words)

(2)

Itsoundsprettyridiculoustoclaimthatmenandwomenareequalandhavethesameabilities.Menhaveexcelledineveryfieldofwork.Plato,Freud,Beethoven,Einstein,PavarottiandLiNingarethenamesofgreatmenindifferentfields,tonamejustafew.Canyoueffortlesslythinkupawomansnamethatcanmatchthosebrilliantnames?Youmayarguethatyoucannameadozenofgreatwomenathletes.Well,yes.However,theylookgreatsimplybecausetheyhaveneverrunorplayedagainstmen.Seewhathappensifyougroupmenandwomentogetherinthesamerace.

Womenarejustifiablycalledtheweakersexnotonlybecausetheyarephysicallyweak,theyarementallyfragileaswell.Theydependtoolittleoncoolreasoningandtoomuchonintuitionandinstincttoarriveatdecisions.Sometimestheyarenotevencapableofthinkingclearly.Thatiswhytheyoftengossipandchatterandscreamwhenevertheytalk,whichmenseldomdo,andthatisalsowhythereareembarrassinglyfewwomenpoliticiansinanycountryyoucanthinkof.Bigdecisionsarealwaysleftformentomake,fortheyaremorereliable,rational,andlevelheaded.

Manywomencomplainthattheylookinferiorbecausetheyhaveneverbeenofferedequalopportunitiesinjobs.Thismayhavebeentrueinthelongpast,butnotnow.Thefactisthatjobsareopentobothsexes,butitisalmostimpossibleforwomentobewives,mothersandsuccessfulcareerwomenallatonce.Actuallymostwomenaregladtoletmensupporttheirfamilies.Theyknowthatbearingandrearingchildrenaremoreimportant.Andthatiswhymenoutnumberwomeninpracticallyeverykindofjob.Theyarenotexcluded;theyexcludethemselves.(299words)

ShouldWorldGovernmentsConductSeriousCampaignsAgainstSmoking?

(1)

CigarettesmokinghasbeenjeopardizinghumanhealthforcenturieseversinceanEnglishnoblemanbroughttobaccofromtheNewWorldbacktoEnglandandpeopleeverywhereintheworldhavebeenpuffingtheirwaytosmokyandcancerousdeath.

Medicalfindingshavelongprovedthatthereisacloselinkbetweensmokingandbronchialtroubles,heartdiseaseandlungcancerbecauseofthemanyharmfulingredientsinthetobacco.Yetthegovernmentsofmostcountriespretendtobeblindtothelethaleffectoftobacco:theanswerlieswithmoney.Cigarettesmokersarebigtaxpayers.Levyingataxonyourcigarettesisjustlikelevyingataxonyourdailybread.

Thisisabsolutelythemostshortsightedpolicyyoucouldeverimagine.Whileasurprisinglylargeamountoftaxmoneyisaccumulatedontheonehand,itispaidoutinincreasinglylargeramountontheother.Eachyear,millionsofdollarsofspecialfundsareallocatedtothosemedicalresearchestablishmentsoncancerresearchandonpharmaceuticalproductstocurepeoplesufferingfromthedisease.Everybodywouldhavelesschanceofbeingstruckdownbyheartdiseaseandcancerifsmokingwerebannedaltogetherbygovernmentsatalllevels.

Forastart,governmentscouldbeginbybanningallcigaretteadvertising(Cigaretteadvertisingisasinsidiousasitisdishonest.Theadvertisementsalwaysdepictvirile,clean-shavenyoungmen.Insuchadvertisements,smokingisalwaysassociatedwiththegreatopen-airlife,handsomecowboys,andwithbeautifulgirls.Wearenevershownpicturesofrealsmokerscoughinguptheirlungsearlyinthemorning)andshouldthenlaunchfierceanti-smokingcampaigns.Aneffectivewarning-say,apictureofanuglyskull-canbeprintedoneverypacketofcigarettesthatistobesold,toscaresmokersoutofsuckingthosecancersticks.

tatisticsrevealthatthenumberofadolescentsmokersinmanycountriesisontheincrease.Itisthereforenecessarythatgreatereffortshouldbemadetoinformyoungpeopleofthehorribleconsequencesoftakingupthehabit.(240words)

2)

Whenpeoplesuggestthatgovernmentsshoulddosomethingtobancigarettesmokingaltogether,Idonotthinktheyarebeingserious.Itisabsurdtosuggestwebanitafterseveralhundredyears,especiallywhenyouthinkofthepossibleconsequencesbroughtaboutbysuchbanning.Banningcigarettesmokingwouldendangerthesurvivalofmanyrelatedbusinessesandindustries:tobaccogrowers,cigarette-makingfactories,retailbusinesses.Taxapart,tobaccoindustryisanimportantsourceofincomeeventodevelopedcountries.

Afterall,smokingisnotsobadasitseemswhenyoulookatthebenefitsitbrings.

First,itismanlytosmoke.Theuniquecharmacigarettesmokerholdscouldnotbeachievedotherwise.Second,smokingmakessocialcontacteasier,particularlywhenonemeetsastranger.Third,acigaretteworkslikeadreamwhenyoutakeoneafterlonghoursofreadingorwriting,orafteratiringjob-thesoothingeffectitcreatesissimplybeyonddescription.Thosewhoareagainstsmokingoftenignorethefactthatsmokingcanrelievestressesofalongworkingday.

Idonotmeanthatsmokingdoesnoharmtopeopleshealth.However,inasocietythatadvocatesfreedom,individualityanddemocracyeachindividualshouldbeentitledtodecidewhetherhequitssmokingornot;banninggoesagainstdemocracy.

Ifpeopledecideonretainingthehabit,thetobaccoindustryisnottoblame.Afterall,ithasdonatedvastsumstomedicalresearchonsmokingrelatedailments.Asaresultofthepainstakingresearch,newtechniqueshavebeenadoptedinthecigarettemanufacturingprocess,whichmakessmokingmuchsafer.(267words)

IstheSpaceRaceaHugeWasteofMoney?

(1)

Theearly1960smarkthebeginningofthespacerace.FromthattimeontheUnitedStates,Russia,China,Britain,France,JapanandIndiahaveeachexpendedbillionsofdollarsintheirspaceprojects.Hundredsofspacevehicleshaveblastedintospace:firstsatellites,thenspaceshipsandnowspaceshuttles.Whatarethereturnsofthesebillion-dollarinvestments?Well,justsomerocksofthesamecompositioncollectedfromthemoon,iftheycouldbecalledreturns.Displayedinmuseums,theserocksarehardlyofanyvaluecomparedwitharichvarietyoftheircounterpartsontheearth.

Whythen,arethesecountriessointerestedinthespacerace?Somecountriesclaimthattheydothisforpurescientificresearchoftheuniverseandthewellbeingoftheirpeople.Butwhathasthespaceracedonetoalleviatetheagoniesofmillionsofpeoplewhoaresufferingfrompoverty,starvation,diseaseandwar?Inwhatwayhasitimprovedourlivingconditions?Therealinterestofthesepowerfulnationsliesinthemanifestationofboththeirtechnologicalandmilitarypowers.Forcenturiesmanhasbeenplayingmanydifferentpowergames-allies,wars,sanctions,coldwar,andtheraceofnucleararmament,andthespaceraceisjustanextensionoftheraceforpoweronearth.Inthemid1980s,forinstance,formerU.S.presidentRonaldRagancameupwithabrandnewmilitaryproject,theSDI(strategicdefenseinitiative),whichsuggestsstrikingtheenemiestargetswithmissilesandlaserweaponsupfromspace.

Ofcourse,nosuchworldpowerswanttoadmittheiraggressiveambitions.Theywouldarguethattheirspaceprogramsbasicallyaimatfindingabetterplanetliveon.Buttheirargumentdoesnotseemtoholdwaterwhenitcomestothepointthathoweverhardtheytry,itisunlikelythattheywilleverbeabletotraveleventotheneareststar.

Letusmakeournationsbudgetlikewedoforafamily:afamilywouldoftenconsiderbuyingdailynecessitiesbeforetryingtoobtainluxuries(Ifamanbuysapianoatthecostofsellinghishouse,wewouldthinkthatheisanut).Whycantgreatnationsactinthesamesensibleway?

Ourworldwouldbealotbettertodayiftheworldpowersdevotedhalfasmuchmoneyandeffortsquanderedinspaceprogramstothemostneededplaces.Thespaceraceisahugewasteofmoney.(409words)

(2)

Asthemostcuriousbeingintheworld,manisalwayskeenonexploration.Withtheearthhavingbeenfullyexplored,thenextlogicaltargetformanisdefinitelythespace.

Severalcountriesnowareengagedinthespaceexploration,whichisfun,andwhichfiresourimagination.Ofcourse,theyarenotdoingitjustforfun,butalsoforseekinganswerstothefollowingprovocativequestions:Howwasaplanetformed?Whatistheessenceoflife?Arethereanyextraterrestrialbeingsasintelligentasorevenmoreintelligentthanhumankindelsewhereintheuniverse?Ifthisisthecase,canwesetupcommunicationwiththem?Canmanfindabetterplanettoliveon?Ifso,ismass-emigrationfromtheoverpopulatedearthtosuchaplanetpossible?Foronlyscoresofyearsasspaceprojectshavebeenproceeding,wehavealreadyachievedquiteafewencouragingresults,andhavebenefitedalotfromsuchprograms-crystals,drugsorchemicalsproducedunderzerogravity,satellitecommunications,mannedspacevehiclesandstations,tonamejustafew.

Yet,somelesscuriousandlessambitiouspeopleperceivesuchendeavourinalesspositiveway.Theycallspaceexplorationasspacerace,deemingittobeanextensionoftheraceforpoweronearthandapurewasteofmoney.Idontwanttocommentonsuchashort-sightedargument,butatleastnooneshouldimposerestrictionsonmansdesireforknowledge.Ifspaceresearchhelpsusgainbetterunderstandingoftheworkingmechanismoftheuniverse,ofourearthandofourorigins,thereisnosoundreasonwh