UNIT4EXTENDEDREADINGPROJECT(备作业)2021-2022学年高一英语系列（译林牛津2020必修一）

必修第一册练习Unit4Lookinggood,feelinggoodExtendedreading&ProjectⅠ.根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1.Asthe__________(格言,谚语)goes,theearlybirdcatchestheworm.2.Thetreecastits__________(阴影,影子)onthewall.3.Mostofthecomputersweareusingare__________(数码的,数字的)computers.4.The__________(外面的,外部的)featuresofthebuildingareveryattractive.5.Wordscannotdescribethe__________(美,美丽)ofthescene.6.Hehasbeenbroughtinto__________(strength)thedefence.7.Theyoung__________(talent)girlismostlikelytowinthematch.8.Housesinthesuburbsoftenhaveno__________(individual).9.The__________(content)oftheletteraresecret.10.Comingtopintheexamwasquitean__________(achieve).Ⅱ.用恰当的介词填空1.Theheavycloudofdisappointmentseemedtohang__________thewholeproceedings.2.Saleshavenotlivedup__________expectationsthisyear.3.Studentshaveputforwardaseries__________questions.4.Wealltakepride__________yoursuccess.5.Atlast,thiswasachancetoshow__________hertalentsbeforearealaudience.6.Thefirewallguardsthecomputer__________virusesorotherharmfulprograms.7.Iplaythepianotolerablywell,thoughIhavenoparticulartalent__________it.Ⅲ.根据提示翻译句子1.他最终考试没及格。(endup)___________________________2.我对当前的收入很满意。(content)___________________________3.这场病对他的人生观产生了深刻的影响。(effect)___________________________4.作为一个学生,你应该记住学习很重要。(keep...inmind)___________________________5.也许这本书会对你的研究有用处。(prove)___________________________IV.阅读理解ATheskinundertheeyesisdelicate,whichiswhyitsometimesappearssunkenandhasdarkercoloringthanelsewhereontheface.Agingandhealthproblemsplayaroleinsunkeneyesbutotherfactorscancontributetoo,soitmayaffectyoungerpeopleaswell.DehydrationThemostcommoncauseofsunkeneyesisdehydration,ornothavingenoughwaterinthebody.Consumingtoomuchcoffee,soda,andprepackageddrinksmayincreaseproductionofurine,whichmayleadtodehydration.VitaminshortagesShortagesofvitaminC,vitaminK,andironcancauseeyestobecomesunken.VitaminChelpswithabsorbingironanddecreasingbruising,whilevitaminKisresponsibleforbloodthickening,thelackofwhichmaycauseunhealthyskin.Easybruisingandunhealthyskinwillresultinsunkeneyes.WeightlossMostpeopletendtoloseweightintheirfacefirst.Sometimes,theweightlossissuddenenoughtomakebloodvesselsbelowtheeyeseasytosee,andtheskinclear,producingtheappearanceofsunkeneyes.Suddenweightlossmayalsocausenutritionalshortages,whichcanleadtosunkeneyes.Notenoughsleeporpoor-qualitysleepcancausesunkeneyesandaperson’sDNAorthehabitofsmokingcanalsocontributetosunkeneyes.Mostcasesofsunkeneyesrelatetothequalityofanindividual’snutritionandhealthyliving.Whenthesecausesarecorrected,sunkeneyescanberesolvedwithoutfurthertreatment.Thismeansthatcausescanbeavoidedortreatedingoodtimetopreventtherecurrenceofsunkeneyes.1.Whatcanwedotopreventdehydrationaccordingtothetext?A.Havecertaindrinksless.B.Refusecoffee.C.Drinkmorewater.D.Saynotosoftdrinks.2.Whatwillleadtobruisingbelowtheeyes?A.LackofvitaminK.B.Watershortages.C.LackofvitaminC.D.Nutritionalshortages.3.Whichofthefollowingshouldbeavoidedforpeoplelosingweight?A.Palefaces.B.Suddenweightloss.C.Cleanskin.D.Narrowbloodvessels.BYoucannotjudgeabookbylookingatitscover!That’swhatagroupofparentsandstudentsinHangzhouhasfoundoutthisterm.WhentheycametoschoolinSeptember,thestudentswereshockedtolearnthattheirclassteacherwastobeaP.E.teacher.Howcouldsomeonewhoteachestabletennisandbasketballknowanythingaboutacademics?Theirparentswereequallyworriedandpressuredtheschooltoreplace“MissMuscle”witha“MissBrain”.However,theprincipal(校长)didnotgiveintothepressureandnowtheparentsandstudentsarehappythattheschoolfirmlyinsisted.Afterthreemonths,theP.E.teacher,whosenameisactuallyMissSu,hasturnedouttobeawonderfulclassteacher.Sheisintelligent,kindandhelpful.Sheisagoodleaderwhokeepsherstudentsactiveintheirstudiesandparticipateinschoolactivities.Andshehaswontheparentsoverwithherrealcaringfortheirchildren.Inotherwords,MissSu,theP.E.teacher,is“prettyextraordinary”.TheearlynegativereactionagainstMissSuisanexampleofbias(偏见).“Bias”iswronginthinkingthathasaninfluenceonaperson’sopinionsanddecisions.Forexample,inbusiness,tallmenaremorelikelytobebosses.IntheUnitedStates,anyonewhoisabove190centimeterstallcanexpecttohaveahighersalaryandtogetmorepromotionsthanhisshorterco-workers.Similarly,womenhaveadifficulttimeclimbingthecareerladderbecausetheirbosses(mostlymen!)thinkthatwomenlackleadershipskillsandthenecessarytoughnesstomakedifficultdecisions.Neitheroftheseopinionsisbasedonfactsorthetalentsoftheindividual.They’rejustbias.4.Whatseemedtobetheparents’earlyreactiontoMissSu?A.Theywereexcited.B.Theywereamazed.C.Theywereworried.D.Theywereinterested.5.WhyisMissSuconsideredtobe“prettyextraordinary”?A.SheisanexcellentP.E.teacher.B.Shewasfinallyremoved.C.Shereallycaredaboutherstudents.D.Theheadmasterwasprovedtobewrong.6.Theexamplesaregiveninthelastparagraphtoshow______.

A.tallmenareusuallyexcellentB.peopleareoftenjudgedwithbiasC.opinionsshouldbebasedonfactsD.womenlackleadershipskills7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthebias?A.Disagreeable.B.Acceptable.C.Careless.D.Curious.CTeenagerswhostarttheschoolearlyarelikelytoweighslightlymorethanthosewhostartlater.That’sthefindingofanewstudyofnearly30,000Canadiansbetweentheagesof10and18.Gettingtoolittlesleepcanputkidsatriskforanumberofproblems.Sleepyteensaremorelikelytobeoverweight,tohavetroubleconcentratingandtostruggleinschool.GenevieveGariepy,whoworksatMcgillUniversityinMontreal,Canada,wantedtoknowhowearlierschoolstarttimesmightbeconnectedwithweight.“OverweightinteenagersisabigprobleminNorthAmerica,”shesays.Thenumberofoverweightkidshasgrownoverthepast30years.SoGariepydecidedtohomeinontheimpact(影响)ofschoolstarttimes.

Herteamcollectedstarttimesfor362Canadianschools.Thentheyaskedstudentsatthoseschoolstogivetheirheightandweight.Inall,theycollecteddatafromnearly30,00010to18-year-olds.Among6thto10thgraders,thosewhostartedschoolearlierwerelikelytobeslightlyheavierfortheirheight.Every10-minutedelayinschoolstarttimewasconnected,onaverage,withalightlylowerweightamongstudentswhowerethesamesex,ageandheight.However,thedifferenceisslight.Healthyeatingandgettingenoughexercisewillplayabiggerroleinkeepingahealthyweight.Becausethestudycomparedkidswhoalreadystartedschoolatdifferenttimesofday,it’snotclearthatchangingschoolstarttimewouldhelpheavierkidsloseweight.Toknowforsure,researcherswouldwanttocomparethesamekidsbeforeandafterchangingtoalaterschoolstarttime.Still,thestudyisagoodstart,saysCoraColletteBruener,adoctoratSeattleChildren’sHospitalinWashington.Thefindingsaddtoagrowingpileofevidencethatlaterschoolstarttimemightbebetterforteenhealth,shesays.8.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?A.Moreandmoreteensaregrowingoverweight.B.Healthydietsandenoughexercisehelpreduceweight.C.Teenswhostartschoolearlierarealittleoverweight.D.Teenswhostartschoolearlierdonotperformwell.18.”9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“homeinon”inParagraph3probablymean?A.reduceB.focusonC.movetoD.judge10.WhatdoesCoraColletteBruenerthinkofthestudy?A.Ithasinspiringvalue.B.Itlacksfurthersupport.C.Itneedsimproving.D.Itiswelldesigned.11.Thepassageiswrittento______.

A.discusswhenschoolsshouldstartB.informthefindingofarecentstudyC.warnparentstotakegoodcareofkidsD.callonschoolleaderstochangeschools’schedulesV.七选五Thekeytolosingweightistounderstandwhatreallymotivatesyou.Haveyoueverbeenexcitedaboutlosingafewpounds?1Andtohelpyoukeepyourweightundercontrol,youneedsomestrategies.

Askquestions.Whenyou’reresearchingdifferentdietingproductsandplansoreventalkingtoadoctoraboutdiets,askasmanyquestionsasyoucan.2Askquestionslike:DoIhavetopurchasespecialmealsorsupplements?Doestheprogramincludeaparttohelpmemaintainmyweightloss?

Getreal.3Don’tburdenyourselfwithunrealisticexpectations.Remember,largeamountsofweightlossarenotrealisticandaremostlikelynotsafeorhealthy.Talkwithyourhealthcareprofessionaltodetermineahealthyweightgoal.

4Tomaintainyourweight,youmustbalanceyourintakeofcalorieswiththeenergyyouburn.Just30minutesoffastwalkinginmostdayscantakeabout10poundsoffyourweighteachyear.

Weighyourselfweekly.It’simportanttotrackyourweightonanydietorweightlossplan,butdon’tgetonthescaleeveryday.Weighingdailywon’tshowyouthebigpicture.5

A.Staybalanced.B.Onceaweekisfine.C.Stickwithyourhealthyeatingplan.D.Losingonetotwopoundsaweekisarealisticgoal.E.Beingwellinformedwillhelpyouchoosethebestdietforyou.F.Regularweightcheck-inswillshowyouyourprogressovertime.G.Ifso,youmustfindawaytoturnthatexcitementintodetermination.VI.语法填空Theconsequenceswithouteatingabalanceddietmaybemuchmoreseriousthanwethought.Amajorstudy1.________(suggest)itcontributestooneinfivedeathsworldwidehasbeenpublishedinTheLancetrecently.About11milliondeathseveryyearmayhavebeenpreventedbytakinginfewerredmeat,sugarydrinksandfats.

Theseven-yearstudy2.________(look)atdietaryfactorsfrom1990to2018in1953.________(country)andfoundthatpeoplewereeatingtoomanyofthewrongtypesoffood,andtoolittleofthefood4.________(they)bodiesneeded.Andthatmaybe5.________importantreasonforarangeofdiseases.

“Thisstudysaysthatpoordietisresponsible6.________moredeathsthananyotherriskfactor”,studyauthorChristopherMurraynotedinarelease.“7.________sodium(钠),sugarandfathavebeenthefocusofdebatesoverthepasttwodecades,ourstudy8.________(official)suggeststhattheleadingdietaryriskfactoristhelowintakeofhealthyfood.”

Theresultunderlinesthatthecurrentfoodeducationcampaignsaren’tquite9.________(effect).Thefindingshowsthatnecessarymeasuresshouldbetakenurgently10.________(balance)people’sdietsaroundtheworld.

参考答案Ⅰ.1.Asthesaying(格言,谚语)goes,theearlybirdcatchestheworm.2.Thetreecastitsshadow(阴影,影子)onthewall.3.Mostofthecomputersweareusingaredigital(数码的,数字的)computers.4.Theexternal(外面的,外部的)featuresofthebuildingareveryattractive.5.Wordscannotdescribethebeauty(美,美丽)ofthescene.6.Hehasbeenbroughtintostrengthen(strength)thedefence.7.Theyoungtalented(talent)girlismostlikelytowinthematch.8.Housesinthesuburbsoftenhavenoindividuality(individual).9.Thecontents(content)oftheletteraresecret.10.Comingtopintheexamwasquiteanachievement(achieve).Ⅱ.1.Theheavycloudofdisappointmentseemedtohangoverthewholeproceedings.2.Saleshavenotliveduptoexpectationsthisyear.3.Studentshaveputforwardaseriesofquestions.4.Wealltakeprideinyoursuccess.5.Atlast,thiswasachancetoshowoffhertalentsbeforearealaudience.6.Thefirewallguardsthecomputeragainstvirusesorotherharmfulprograms.7.Iplaythepianotolerablywell,thoughIhavenoparticulartalentforit.Ⅲ.1.Heendedupfailingintheexam.

2.Iamcontentwithmypresentincome.

3.Theillnesshadaprofoundeffectonhisviewoflife.4.Asastudent,youshouldkeepinmindthatstudyisveryimportant.

5.Perhapsthisbookwillprovetobeofsomeusetoyouinyourstudies.IV.A【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。眼睛下面的皮肤很娇嫩,这就是为什么它有时会凹陷,颜色比脸部其他部位更深。老化和健康问题是造成眼窝凹陷的原因之一,但其他因素也有影响,文章主要说明了三个容易造成眼窝凹陷的影响因素。1.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中最后一句可知饮用过多的咖啡、苏打水和预包装饮料可能会增加尿液的产生,从而导致脱水。由此可知,我们可以少喝某些饮料来防止脱水。故选A。2.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中VitaminChelpswithabsorbingiron...resultinsunkeneyes.可知维生素C有助于吸收铁和减少瘀伤,而维生素K负责血液变浓,缺乏它可能会导致不健康的皮肤。容易擦伤和不健康的皮肤会导致眼窝凹陷。由此可知,缺乏维生素C会导致眼睛下面的瘀青。故选C。3.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Mostpeopletendtoloseweight...whichcanleadtosunkeneyes.可知大多数人倾向于先在脸上减肥。有时候,体重突然下降,眼睛下面的血管容易被看清,皮肤也会变得透明,产生眼窝凹陷的现象。体重突然下降还可能造成营养不足,从而导致眼窝凹陷。由此可知,减肥的人应该避免体重突然下降。故选B。B【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过讲述杭州某中学的家长对体育老师当班主任态度的转变,提出了我们不能“以貌取人”,即不能带着偏见来判断一个人。4.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的Theirparentswereequallyworriedandpressuredtheschooltoreplace“MissMuscle”witha“MissBrain”.可知孩子的父母很担心,并给学校施压,希望用教文化科目的老师代替教体育的老师。C.Theywereworried.(他们很担心)符合,故选C。5.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的Andshehaswontheparentsoverwithherrealcaringfortheirchildren.Inotherwords,MissSu,theP.E.teacher,is“prettyextraordinary”.可知因为苏老师对孩子们的关爱,家长们认为她是一个卓越的老师。C.Shereallycaredaboutherstudents.(她真的关爱她的学生)符合,故选C。6.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段的Forexample,inbusiness,tallmen...womenlackleadershipskillsandthenecessarytoughnesstomakedifficultdecisions.可推测这些例子主要是为了说明人们常常受到带有偏见的评判。B.peopleareoftenjudgedwithbias(人们常常受到带有偏见的评判)符合,故选B。7.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的Neitheroftheseopinionsisbasedonfactsorthetalentsoftheindividual.They’rejustbias.(这些观点都不是基于事实或个人的天赋,它们只是偏见)可推测作者不赞成带着偏见判断一个人。A.Disagreeable.(不同意)符合,故选A。C【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。新的研究表明每天较早上学的青少年可能比晚上学的青少年的体重重一些。上学时间晚一些可能对青少年的健康更好,因此作者呼吁学校领导更改学校的作息时间表。8.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“Teenagerswhostarttheschoolearly...betweentheagesof10and18.”可知,每天较早上学的青少年可能比晚上学的青少年的体重重一些,这是对近30000名10至18岁的加拿大人进行研究得出的结果。即新研究发现每天较早上学的青少年可能有些超重。故选C。9.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Overweightinteenagersisabigproblem...overthepast30years.”和第二段中的“GenevieveGariepy,whoworks...mightbeconnectedwithweight.”可知,在北美洲青少年超重是一个大问题。在过去30年中,超重儿童的数量有所增加。Gariepy想要知道较早的上学时间可能与体重有多大的关联。由此可以看出Gariepy想要关注较早的上学时间与体重之间的联系,即可推断出画线短语的意思是“关注”。focuson:致力于,对(某事或做某事)予以注意。故选B。10.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Still,thestudyisagoodstart,...mightbebetterforteenhealth,shesays.”可知,华盛顿西雅图儿童医院的医生CoraColletteBruener表示,这项研究是一个良好的开端。这些发现使越来越多的证据表明晚一些的上学时间可能对青少年的健康更好。因此CoraColletteBruener认为这项研究具有启发性的价值。故选A。11.【解析】选D。推理判断题。通读全文可知,晚一些的上学时间可能对青少年的健康更好。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁学校领导更改学校的时间表。故选D。V.【文章大意】本文讲述了关于帮助减肥的一些建议和方法。1.【解析】选G。上文讲“你曾经为减去几磅而兴奋