新视野英语教程第三教学资源bookUnit

新视野英语教程第三教学资源bookUnit第1页/共129页Unit10GenderDifferences1AroundtheTopic2Section

A3SectionB4SectionCLeadinginExploringtheTopicPlusActivitiesWarming-upTextAExercisesBackgroundInformationReadingThroughExercisesRelatedKnowledgeSampleReadingExercisesUsefulTerms第2页/共129页Whodoyouthinkissmarter—boysorgirls?Whoshoulddothecooking?Whoshoulddrivethetruck?Andwhydoyoubelievethesethings?Whenitcomestoboysandgirls,therearejustsomanyquestionsaboutwhywedothethingswedo!Maybeifwestartfromthebeginning,whenwe’reborn,wecantryandsolvethismysteryonceandforall!第3页/共129页Directions:Inthissection,you’llhearashortdialogbetweenPenny,amother,andMr.Green,anexpert,aboutgirlsbeingdifferentfromboys.Whilelistening,trytocompletethefollowingchartwiththeinformationyouhear.HowmanysonsanddaughtersdoesPennyhave?1)_____________________WhatdoesPennyfindaboutgirls?2)_______________________WhatdifferentthingsdogirlshaveaccordingtoMr.Green?Theyhavedifferentworries—abouttheirdevelopmentandabouttheirfeelings.WhatshouldPennydoaboutherdaughter?3)_______________________Threesonsandonedaughter.Theyaresodifferentfromboys.TalkwithheraboutherworriesAnddon’tgetangrywhenshetalksback.第4页/共129页

BigBillBell He’shere!Ofcourseheis. Who’shere?BigBill.BigBillBell. Bill’shere.Oh,youmeanBill! Billwho?BigBill! BillBell.That’sright,that’shim! BillBell?Who’she?Youknowhimverywell. Youknowhim.SureIdo! Ido?BigBillBell! Ofcourseyoudo.BigBillBell! He’safriendofyours.Iknowhimverywell. Heis?ReturnTask1ReadthefollowingchantbythetempoofJazzmusicandpayattentiontothesoundsandintonations.Jazz第5页/共129页1.Whoarestronger,boysorgirls?2.Whodoyouthinkaresmarter－boysorgirls?3.Whoshoulddocooking?4.Whoshoulddrivetrucks?5.Doyoubelievethatonlyboysdowellinscience?6.Doesitseemtoyouthatgirlshavebettervocabulariesthanboys?Task2Discussthefollowingquestionsintwogroups,boysinonegroup,andgirlsinanother.Giveyouranswerstothequestionsfirst,andthengiveyourreasons.第6页/共129页第7页/共129页Directions:ThefollowingparagraphistakenfromTextA.Listencarefullyandfillintheblankswithoutreferringtotheoriginaltext.

Ateamof___________discoveredthattherearestrong__________betweenhowboysandgirlsare________:whiledaughtersintheirstudywereoftenkeptclosetotheirparents,sonswere___________tomove_____________andtodevelop____________.researchersdifferencesraisedontheirownindependenceencouragedSpotDictation第8页/共129页Watchthevideoanddiscussthefollowingtopics.1.Whatdoyouthinkof“Boyswillbeboys”?Whatdoesitimply?2.Whatisthewoman’straditionalstatus?Arethereanychangesinmodernsociety?Watch&Discuss第9页/共129页“Boyswillbeboys,andgirlswillbegirls”isadeeplyrootedconvictionheldbypeopleinancientChina.Intheolddays,womenaresupposedtodothingswomenmustdo,likedoingthelaundryandcooking,caringforthechildrenandtakingcareoftheirhusband,spinningandweaving,etc.LuckyasMuLanwhowasgoodatmanythings,suchasfighting,running,shooting,riding,andevenreadingandwriting,whichareonlysupposedtowhatboyscando,stillherplaceis“inthehome”.MuLanissixteennowand“oldenoughtomarryagoodhusband”accordingtohermother.

1.Whatdoyouthinkof“Boyswillbeboys”?Whatdoesitimply?第10页/共129页Itistraditionallybelievedthatawoman’splaceisinthehome.Therearemanytasksforawomantodo,suchascaringforthechildren,docooking,cleaning,mendingandsewing,andevenlookingafterherhusband.Inmodernsociety,however,itispossibleforawomantogooutofthehome.Familiestodaytendtobesmallwithonlyonechild.Thusawoman’swholeperiodofchild-caremayoccurwithinatmostfiveyears.Asforhousework,washingmachinescanwashalargequantityofclothesinafewminutes.Refrigeratorshavemadeitpossibletostorefoodforlongperiods.Thewifeneverhastodosewingandmendingsincegoodready-madeclothesarecheapandplentiful.

2.Whatisthewoman’straditionalstatus?Arethereanychangesinmodernsociety?第11页/共129页你相信只有男孩能学好理科吗？在你看来，女孩比男孩更善言辞？如果你回答“是”，根据《当代科学》杂志的一篇文章，你也许是对的。读书不存先入为主之见固然重要，然而在这还是先介绍一些这篇文章中的研究结果。Chinese

Doyoubelievethatonlyboysdowellinscience?Doesitseemtoyouthatgirlshavebettervocabulariesthanboys?Ifyouranswersare“yes”,youmayberight,accordingtoanarticleinCurrentScience.Whileitisimportanttoreadthingswithanopenmind,herearesomeofthearticle’sfindings.WhyDoGirlsandBoysLearnDifferently?第12页/共129页

Onaverage,malesscorehigheronteststhatmeasuremathematicalreasoning,mechanicalability,andproblem-solvingskills.Females,ontheotherhand,dobetterontestsmeasuringvocabulary,spelling,andmemory.Chinese一般而言，男性在测验数学推理、机械能力和解决问题等技能的考试中得分较高，而女性则在词汇、拼写和记忆力方面的测试中表现更好。第13页/共129页

Usually,too,babygirlstalkatanearlieragethanboysdo.Scientiststhinkthereisaphysicalreasonforthis.Theybelievethatnervesintheleftsideofthebraindevelopfasteringirlsthaninboys.Itisthissideofthebrainthatstronglyinfluencesaperson’sabilitytousewords,tospell,andtoremember.Chinese女婴通常比男婴早学会说话。科学家认为这有其生理原因。他们认为女孩大脑左半部的神经比男孩的发育得更快，而对一个人用词、拼写和记忆能力有重大影响的正是左半脑。

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Accordingtothearticle,bythetimetheystartschool,littlegirlshaveanadvantagethatboysdonothave:girlsarephysicallymorereadytorememberfacts,tospell,andtoread.These,ofcourse,areskillsthatareveryimportantaschildrenfirstbeginschool.根据这篇文章所说，到开始上学时，小女孩就具备了小男孩所没有的优势。女孩在生理上为记忆、拼写和阅读作了更好的准备，而这些技能当然是孩子上学之初非常重要的技能。Chinese第15页/共129页

What,then,ishappeningwithboysduringtheiryearsbeforestartingschool?Somepeoplesaythatsocietyisteachingthemtobemoreforcefulthangirls.Aforcefulpersonissaidtobeunafraidofquestioningothers,andtobeanindependentthinker.Chinese

那么，在开始上学的前几年，男孩又是怎样一种状况呢？有人说，社会教育他们要比女孩更坚强。据说一个坚强的人不畏惧向别人提出质疑，而且能够独立思考。

第16页/共129页 Whatproducessuchforceinlittleboys?Ithaslongbeenassumedthatitistheresultofchemistryinthemalebody.Scientiststoday,however,believethatthereareother,outside,factorstoo.Theysaysuchforceislearnedfromparents.

男孩身上的这股力量是怎么造成的呢？长期以来，人们认为这是男性体内的化学组织造成的。然而，当今科学家认为还有其他外部因素。他们说这种力量是从父母那里学来的。Chinese第17页/共129页

Ateamofresearchersdiscoveredthattherearestrongdifferencesbetweenhowboysandgirlsareraised:whiledaughtersintheirstudywereoftenkeptclosetotheirparents,sonswereencouragedtomoveontheirownandtodevelopindependence.Chinese

一组研究人员发现男孩和女孩的养育方式截然不同：当女儿学习时，父母常常伴随其左右，而对儿子他们却鼓励其自由活动，培养其自主能力。

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Asaresult,itiseasytounderstandwhylittlegirlsoftenperformschooltasksbetterthanboys,especiallyifthetaskrequiressittingstill,obeyingorders,andacceptingtheteacher’sideas.Agirlmaydoverywellinschool,whileaboythesameagemaybringhomelowermarks.Why,then,dosofewgirlsbecomegreatscientists?

结果，为什么小女孩往往较小男孩能更好地完成学校的功课就容易理解了，尤其是如果这些功课要求坐端正、听从命令和接受老师的意见。女孩可能在学校里学得很好，而同龄的男孩却可能拿着较差的分数回家。可为什么没有几个女孩成为伟大的科学家呢？Chinese第19页/共129页Whileboysaretaughtinsocietytobemoreforceful,andtosolveproblemsthemselves,girls,ontheotherhand,arenotencouragedtobethisway.Girls,therefore,areoftenlimitedtogettinghighmarksinschoolforrememberingwhattheteacherhastoldthem,insteadofbeingallowedtoquestionwithoutfearlikeboys.Chinese当社会教育男孩要更坚强、自己解决问题的时候，社会却不鼓励女孩这样做。所以，女孩常常因为记住老师传授的东西而取得高分，而不像男孩那样被鼓励去大胆提问。

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Intoday’sworld,mostpeoplebelievethatthissituationiswrong,andthatthereisasolution:ifmenandwomenwerebothencouragedtolearnandtosolveproblemsinthesameways,moreroomwouldbeavailableinsocietyfornewideasfromeveryone.当今世界，大多数人都认为这种状况有问题，并且相信有办法解决：如果鼓励男女都以同样的方式去学习和解决问题的话，我们的社会就可能有更大的空间来容纳每个人的新思想。第21页/共129页Meaning:Whileitisimportantforustoreadthingswithamindthatisreadyfornewideasandopinions,letushavealookatsomeofthefindingsreportedinthearticle.1Whileitisimportanttoreadthingswithanopenmind,herearesomeofthearticle’sfindings.(Para.1)MeaningoftheSentences第22页/共129页Onaverage,malesscorehigheronteststhatmeasuremathematicalreasoning,mechanicalability,andproblem-solvingskills.(Para.2)Meaning:Generallyspeaking,malesgethighermarksonteststhatmeasuremathematicalreasoning,mechanicalability,andproblem-solvingskills.2第23页/共129页Meaning:Whatstronglyinfluencesaperson’sabilitytousewords,tospell,andtorememberthingsisthissideofthebrain.Itisthissideofthebrainthatstronglyinfluencesaperson’sabilitytousewords,tospell,andtoremember.(Para.3)3MeaningoftheSentences第24页/共129页

Somepeoplesaythatsocietyisteaching

themtobemoreforcefulthangirls.(Para.5)4Meaning:Insomepeople’sopinion,societyisteachingboystobestrongerandmorepowerfulthangirls.MeaningoftheSentences第25页/共129页Aforcefulpersonissaidtobeunafraidofquestioningothers,andtobeanindependentthinker.(Para.5)Meaning:Peoplesayaforcefulpersonisnotafraidofquestioningothersandhashis/herownideasorwayofthinking.5

unafraid=notafraidNotethatthewordisformedwiththeprefix(前缀)“un-”whichhasanegativemeaning.Moreexamples:unknown

不为人知的

unpleasant

不愉快的

unrest

不安的

untie

解开

unmarried未婚的

unnatural不自然的第26页/共129页

Agirlmaydoverywellinschool,whileaboythe

sameagemaybringhomelower

marks.(Para.8)Meaning:Itispossiblethatagirlgetsgoodmarksinschool,whileaboyofthesameagemaycomehomewithlowermarks.a

boythesameage=aboywhoisasoldasthegirl6第27页/共129页7…ifmenandwomenwerebothencouragedtolearnandtosolveproblemsin

thesameways,moreroomwouldbeavailableinsocietyfornewideasfromeveryone.

(Para.10)Meaning:…ifwomenareencouragedtolearnandtosolveproblemsinthesamewayasmenare,therewouldbegreaterpossibilityforeveryoneinsocietytocomeupwithnewideas.moreroomwouldbeavailableinsocietyfornewideasfromeveryone=moreroomfornewideasfromeveryonewouldbeavailable第28页/共129页

Therearestereotypedideasaboutgenderdifferences.Thissectiondealswiththeproblembycomparingthewaysoflearningbetweenboysandgirlsandexploringthefactorsthatcausethedifferences.Inthefirstparagraph,thewriterraisestheproblem:boysdowellinsciencewhilegirlsdowellinvocabulary.Inordertosupportthisviewpoint,threefindingsarecitedinthenextthreeparagraphs.FromParagraphs5to9,ananalysisabouttheforcefulnessofboysandtheobedienceofgirlsintheirstudiesismade.Inresponsetotheintroductoryparagraph,theauthoroffereda“solution”totheproblemofgenderdifferenceinthelastparagraph.MainIdea第29页/共129页StructureMainIdea:

Manyviewsaredisplayedtoprovethatboysandgirlsdolearndifferently.Theforcefulnessofboysandtheobedienceofgirlsarefoundevenbeforetheirschoolyears.MainIdea:

Thegenderdifferencesarefrowneduponbysomepeople.Andthesolutiontotheproblemistoencourageboysandgirlstosolvetheproblemsinthesameways.MainIdea:

Thetworhetoricalquestionsintroducetoustheproblem:whethertherearegenderdifferencesbetweenboysandgirlsornot.PartII:Para.2-9PartIII:Para.10PartI:Para.1第30页/共129页NewWords

article finding averagescore mathematical mechanicalsolve female scientistphysical nerve brainadvantage forceful independent第31页/共129页produce force assumechemistry factor differenceencourage independence performtask require obeylimit fear solutionNewWords

第32页/共129页on(the/an)average

ontheother(hand)bythetime(all)onone’sownbelimitedtoExpressions第33页/共129页findingn.[C](oftenplural)somethinglearntastheresultofanofficialinquiry

（调查、研究的）结果

e.g.Oneoftheirstudy’sfindingsshowsthatgirlsandboyscommunicateindifferentways.他们的研究结果之一表明女孩与男孩的交际方式不一样。第34页/共129页mechanicaladj.1.connectedwithmachinesandengines

e.g. Thebreakdownwasduetoamechanicalfailure.

抛锚是机械故障造成的。2.(disapproving)(ofpeople’sbehaviorandactions)donewithoutthinking,likeamachine

e.g. Myworkhasbecomemechanical—Icoulddoitinmysleep.

我的工作开始变得机械呆板——我睡着了都能做。

第35页/共129页mathematical

adj.oforrelatingtomathematics

数学的e.g.mathematicalcalculations

数学计算

amathematicalformula

数学公式e.g.He’ssomekindofmathematicalgenius.

他有些数学天赋。第36页/共129页

physical

adj.connectedwithaperson’sbodyratherthantheirmind身体的，肉体的e.g. Theordealhasaffectedbothhermental andphysicalhealth.

痛苦的经历损害了她的身心健康。

physicalexamination

体检第37页/共129页nerven.1.[C]anyofthethreadlikepartsofthebodythatformasystemtocarryfeelingsand

messagestoandfromthebrain神经e.g.Caffeineisasubstancethatstimulatesthe

nervesofthebody.

咖啡因是种能刺激身体神经的物质。2.[U]courage,determinationandself-control勇气；意志力e.g.Hehadthenervetopointoutthemistakethat

histeacherhadmadeinexplainingthetext.

他有勇气指出老师在解释课文时犯的一个错误。第38页/共129页advantagen.[C;U]somethingthatmayhelponetobesuccessfulortogainafavorableresult有利条件；优势；优点e.g.Thisplanhastheadvantagesofsimplicityandeaseofcontrol.这个计划具有简单和容易控制的优点。e.g.Thismethodhastheadvantageofsavingalotoffuel.这个方法的优点是能大幅节约燃料。第39页/共129页forcefuladj.(ofaperson,words,ideas,etc.)strong,powerful坚强的；有说服力的e.g. Hehasprovedhimselftobeaforcefulleaderin

dealingwiththedisaster. 在对这场灾难的处理中，他证明了自己是一位有魄力的领导人。第40页/共129页independent

adj.notdependingonthehelp,advice,oropinionsofothers;self-governing不受他人影响的；有独立见解的；自主的e.g.Indiabecameindependent(ofBritain)in1947.

印度于1947年（脱离英国）获得独立。n.

independence第41页/共129页assume

vt.1.believesomethingtobetruewithoutactuallyhavingproofthatitis;suppose假定；假设e.g.Mostpeopleassumethatactionsspeaklouderthanwords.

大部分人认为行动胜于空谈（行动比言语更重要）。2.takeorclaimforoneself;begintohaveoruse

承担；担任e.g.Youwillassumeyournewdutiestomorrow.

明天你就要承担新任务。

第42页/共129页factorn.[C]anyoftheforces,influences,etc.thatactwithotherstobringaboutaresult因素；要素e.g.Moneywasthemainfactorinmydecisionnottobuyanewcar.我决定不买新车主要是因为钱不够。e.g.Theriseinthecrimerateismainlyduetosocialandeconomicfactors.犯罪率升高主要是由社会和经济因素引起的。第43页/共129页encouragevt.1)makesomebodyfeelbraveenoughorconfidentenoughtodosomething鼓励；激励e.g.Agoodteacherwillalwaysencouragehis/herstudentstobeambitious.好老师总是鼓励学生们要有抱负。e.g.Thechildrenareencouragedtoaskwhateverquestionstheycanthinkof.我们鼓励孩子们想到任何问题都要勇于提出。2)giveactiveapprovalto;support;foster促进；激发e.g.Don’tencouragehisselfishness.不要助长他的自私自利。e.g.It’simportanttobringchildrenoutsidetoencouragetheirloveofnature.把孩子们带到户外，激发他们对大自然的热爱，这点很重要。第44页/共129页

perform

vt.1)do;carryout(apieceofwork,duty,ceremony,etc.),especiallyaccordingtoausualor

establishedmethod

履行；实行；完成e.g.Theteacherpraisedhimasheperformedhisschooltasksowell.

由于在学校表现很好，老师表扬了他。2)give,act,orshow(aplay,apartinaplay,apieceofmusic,tricks,etc.),especiallyinthepresenceofthepublic表演；演戏；演奏e.g.Whatplaywillbeperformedtonight?

今晚上演哪个剧目？第45页/共129页

obey

v.

dowhatsomeoneinapositionofauthoritytellsyoutodo,ortodowhatalaworrulesaysyoumustdo服从（权威）;遵守（指令、法律等）e.g.Soldiersmustobeyorders.

军人必须服从命令。

Weshouldobeythelaw.

我们应当遵守法律。

第46页/共129页fearn.[C;U]anunpleasantandusuallystrongfeelingcausedbythepresenceorexpectationofdanger恐惧；害怕e.g.Theboysandgirlshelpedputoutthefirewithoutfear.男孩女孩们毫不畏惧地帮着灭火。e.g.Thelittlegirlwastremblingwithfearwhenshesawasnakeinfrontofher.看见面前有一条蛇，小女孩吓得直发抖。vt.feelafraidorworriedthatsomethingbadmayhappen害怕；惧怕e.g.Mostpeoplefeardeath.大多数人都害怕死亡。e.g.Atthattime,womenfearedgoingoutatnight.

那时候，妇女们都害怕晚上出门。第47页/共129页

solution

n.[C]ananswertoadifficultyorproblem

解决；解答；解决方法e.g.It’sdifficulttofindasolutiontothisproblem.

要找到这个问题的解决办法很难。e.g.某个问题的解决方法

thesolutiontoaproblem

第48页/共129页JapaneseonaveragelivemuchlongerthantheEuropeans.Peoplearechangingcareersonaverageeverytenyearsnowinsteadofstayinginajobforlife.1.

日本人的平均年龄比欧洲人要高得多。e.g.Onaverage,malesscorehigheronsuchtests.

一般而言，男性在这样的考试中得分较高。2.

人们平均每十年换一个职业,而不是一辈子干一种工作。onaverage

一般而言，平均Practice第49页/共129页一方面，她不得不照顾生病的儿子；另一方面，她努力成为优秀的老师。Ontheonehand,shehadtolookafterhersickson;ontheother,shetriedherbesttobeagoodteacher.e.g.Females,ontheotherhand,dobetterontestsmeasuringvocabulary,spelling,andmemory.而在词汇、拼写和记忆方面的测试中女性则表现较好。on(the)onehand,…,andontheother(hand)

一方面······，另一方面Practice第50页/共129页1.当她来到时，已经下课了。

Bythetimeshecame,theclasswasover.2.当他到达那里时，她已经走了。

Bythetimehegotthere,shehadalreadyleft.e.g.

Bythetimetheystartschool,littlegirlshaveanadvantagethatboysdonothave.

到开始上学的时候，小女孩就具备了小男孩所没有的优势。bythetime

到······的时候；在······之前Practice第51页/共129页1.她总是独立完成作业。Shealwaysfinishesherhomeworkonherown.2.我无法一个人把车修好。

Iwasunabletorepairthecarallonmyown.e.g.Whiledaughtersintheirstudywereoftenkeptclosetotheirparents,sonswereencouragedtomoveontheirownandtodevelopindependence.

当女儿学习时，父母常常伴随其左右，而对儿子则鼓励其自由活动，培养其自主能力。(all)onone’sown

单独地；独自地Practice第52页/共129页1.每位的演讲时间都应该限定在十分钟内。

Everyspeechshouldbelimitedto10minutes.2.她的旅行仅限于法国的几处名胜。

HertravelhasbeenlimitedtoafewFrenchresorts.e.g.Girls,therefore,areoftenlimitedtogettinghighmarksatschoolforrememberingwhattheteacherhastoldthem.

所以，女孩常常是因为记住了老师传授的东西而取得高分。belimitedto+n./doing

限于······Practice第53页/共129页 Ateamof1)____________discoveredthattherearestrong2)____________betweenhowboysandgirlsare3)____________:Whiledaughtersintheirstudywereoftenkept4)____________totheirparents,sonswere5)____________tomoveontheirownandtodevelop6)____________.Fillintheblankswithoutreferringtotheoriginaltext.Thencheckyouranswersagainsttheoriginal.Afterthat,readthepassagealouduntilyoucansayitfrommemory.researchersdifferencesraisedcloseencouragedindependenceReadingOut第54页/共129页Readthequestionsandcompletetheanswersaccordingtothetext.1Whoaregoodatvocabulary,spellingandmemory—boysorgirls?________aregoodatit.2What’sthephysicalreasonthatbabygirlstalkearlierthanboys?___________________________________developfasteringirlsthaninboys.3What’saforcefulpersonlike?Aforcefulpersonisunafraidof___________________________________.GirlsThenervesintheleftsideofthebrainquestioningothersandisanindependentthinker第55页/共129页4Howaredaughtersandsonsraiseddifferently?Girlsareoften_______________theirparents,andsonsareencouragedto___________________________________.5Whydosomanyboysbecomegreatscientists?Becauseboysaretaughtinsociety___________________________________.keptclosetomoveontheirownandtodevelopindependencetobemoreforcefulandtosolveproblemsontheirown第56页/共129页Studentsshouldbeencouragedtobe_____thinkers.

A.independent B.independenceC.advantage D.average2.Charliethinksmoneywill_____allhisproblems.A.perform B.solveC.score D.forceCompleteeachofthefollowingsentencesbydecidingonthemostappropriatewordfromthe4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ABUsingtheRightWord第57页/共129页

3.Thedoctorwas_____anoperationtosavethepatient’slife.A.acting B.limitingC.performing D.assuming4.Newmedicinesare_____remarkableresultsinthetreatmentofcancer.A.finding B.requiringC.solving D.producing5.Youshouldreadmorebookstoenlargeyour_______.A.vocabulary B.memoryC.brain D.scoreDACUsingtheRightWord第58页/共129页

6.Thegoodweathercouldbeanimportant_____intomorrow’sgame.A.fact B.factorC.force D.activity7.Thiskindofplant_____alotofwateratalltimes.A.assumes B.limitsC.produces D.requires8.Soldiersareexpectedto_____orders.A.obey B.askC.do D.fearBADUsingtheRightWord第59页/共129页1.______thetimeBrianarrivesattheairport,Tonyhasalreadybeenwaitingthere.2.TheJapanese,________average,livemuchlongerthantheEuropeans.3.Theybelievethatnerves_______theleftsideofthebraindevelopfasteringirlsthan_______boys.Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithasuitableprepositionoradverb.ByonininWorkingwithExpressions第60页/共129页4.Theoldladyhasbeenliving_____herownfortenyearsnow.5.Theboyhastofinishhishomeworkinstead______goingout.6.Allflightshadtobecancelled______aresultofthepilots’strike.7.Mymotherlimitedus_______onecakeeachfordinner.8.________theonehand,Iwanttosellthehouse,but________theother,Ican’tbearthethoughtofmoving.onofastoWorkingwithExpressionsOnon第61页/共129页A.Rewritethefollowingsentencesafterthemodels,emphasizingtheunderlinedpartofasentencewithacleftsentence（部分强调句）.FocusingonSentenceStructureModel1:

Thissideofthebrain

stronglyinfluencesaperson’sabilitytousewords,tospellandtoremember.

Key:Itis

this

sideofthebrain

that/which

stronglyinfluencesaperson’sabilitytousewords,tospellandtoremember.第62页/共129页Model2:

Shelostherkey

onthewaytothestation.Key:

Itwas

onthewaytothestation

that

shelostherkey.1.Ididnotgetyourletter

untilyesterday.

2.Shehasbought

twotickets

forthe7:30show.

3.

Mary

enjoysclassicalmusic.

Itwas

notuntilyesterday

thatI

gotyourletter.

Itis

twotickets

that

shehasboughtforthe7:30show.

Itis

Mary

who/that

enjoysclassicalmusic.FocusingonSentenceStructurePractice第63页/共129页Model1:

Peoplehaveassumedthisforalongtime.Itistheresultofchemistryinthemalebody.Key:

Ithaslongbeenassumedthat

itistheresultofchemistryinthemalebody.Model2:

Peoplesaythis.90percentofthemysteryshoppersaresuccessful.Key:

Itissaidthat

90percentofthemysteryshoppersaresuccessful.B.Combinethefollowingpairsofsentencesafterthemodels,using“it”forasubjectclause.FocusingonSentenceStructure第64页/共129页1.Peoplebelievethis.Babygirlstalkatanearlieragethanboysdo.

2.Thereisareportaboutthis.Bythetimetheystartschool,girlsarephysicallymorereadytorememberfacts,tospell,andtoread.3.Peoplebelievethis.Ifmenandwomenwerebothencouragedtolearnandtosolveproblemsinthesameways,moreroomwouldbeavailableinsocietyfornewideasfromeveryone.

Itisbelievedthatbabygirlstalk…Itisreportedthatbythetime…

Itisbelievedthatifmenandwomen…FocusingonSentenceStructure第65页/共129页A.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.Translating1.等他到机场时，飞机已经起飞了。(bythetime)Bythetimehearrivedattheairport,theplanehadtakenoff.2.在校园里，车速被限制在每小时10英里。(belimitedto)Oncampus,thecarspeedislimitedto10milesperhour.第66页/共129页3.这对双胞胎姐妹(twinsisters)之间的不同之处在于：一个依赖父母，另一个却很自立。(oneone’sown)Thedifferencebetweenthetwinsistersisthatoneisdependentonherparents,andtheotherisonherown.4.一方面汽车有用，可另一方面也造成污染(pollution)。(ontheonehand...ontheotherhand)

Ontheonehand,carsareuseful,butontheother(hand),theycausepollution.第67页/共129页Onaverage,malesscorehigheronteststhatmeasuremathematicalreasoning,mechanicalability,andproblem-solvingskills.一般而言，在测试数学推理、机械能力和解决问题技能的考试中，男性得分较高。B.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.2.Itistheleftsideofthebrainthatstronglyinfluencesaperson’sabilitytousewords,tospell,andtoremember.对一个人用词、拼写和记忆能力有重大影响的正是左半脑。Translating第68页/共129页3.Asaresult,itiseasytounderstandwhylittlegirlsoftenperformschooltasksbetterthanboys,especiallyifthetaskrequiressittingstill,obeyingorders,andacceptingtheteacher’sideas.结果，为什么小女孩往往较小男孩能更好地完成学校的功课就很容易理解了，尤其是如果这些功课是要求坐得端正、听从命令和接受老师意见。

4.Girls,therefore,areoftenlimitedtogettinghighmarksinschoolforrememberingwhattheteacherhastoldthem,insteadofbeingallowedtoquestionwi