八年级下英语知识点总结资料整理

Unit1What’sthematter?一、基础知识What’sthematter?怎么啦？出什么事情了？What’sthematterwithyou?=What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了？【注】matter和trouble为名词，其前可加the或形容词性物主代词，wrong是adj.不能加thehaveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒haveafever发烧haveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼muchtoo+形容词，意为太 ，toomuch+名词，意为很多，大量。enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。goodenough足够好，enoughmoney=muchmoneyliedown躺下，lie躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式liedmaybe“或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybeyouareright.maybe，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。Hemaybeangry.soundlike+名词代词和从句：Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像"，Themusicsoundsnice.need需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；needtodosth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：Youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.getoff(thebus)下(公交车)geton上车agree同意，赞同；agreewithsth.同意某事 如：Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意见如：IagreetoLiLei.trouble问题，麻烦；beintrouble遇到麻烦，maketrouble制造麻烦，havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth做 有麻烦。rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意为马

上。advice［不可数名词］劝告，建议，向…征求意见，givesb.adviceonsth.就某事给某人建议;advise［动词］advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事exercise练习、锻炼当exercise意为“练习”时，为可数名词即可加s当exercise意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词即不加sbeusedtosth./doingsth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.Maryisnotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.runout用完，用尽Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用尽了。人sb.runoutofsth.人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.risk(sb.)todosth.冒险去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒险theimportanceof(doing)sth.(做)某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要(性)，importantadj.重要的，makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.。beinthecontrolof…掌管，管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol无法控制，无法管理beundercontrol被控制住，在控制之中minddoingsth. 介意做某事 ,Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?27.giveup(doing)sth.放弃(做)某事，giveup(playing)computergames；Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparksLcheer(sb.)up(让某人)变得高兴；振奋起来Thegoodnewscheeredupeveryoneinourclass.giveout分发；散发，相当于handout，Theteacherisgivingout/handingoutthetestpapers.givesth.outtosb.意为把某物分发给某人。volunteertodosth.自愿做某事alone：独自一人的，无感情色彩：指人Themusicianenjoyedlivingaloneandwritingsongshimself.lonely（感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。指内心孤独Thelonelyboyisnotlonelynow.careforsb./sth.照顾；照料 such“这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词ssuch+a/an+形容词+单数名词：suchagoodday多么美好的一天/suchanexcitingmatch多么精彩的比赛such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：suchimportantdecisions多么重要的建议suchdeliciousfood多么美味的食物如果名词前被many,much,few,little修饰时，只能用so,而不用such：somanysickchildren/solittletimetryoutfor…参加…选拔，争取成为…tryout试用，试验bebusywithsth.忙于（做）什么事情bebusydoingsth.忙于（做）什么事情trydoingsth.试着去做某事trytodosth.尽力去做某事tryone’sbest(todosth.)尽某人最大的努力去做某事beworriedaboutsb./sth.=worryaboutsb./sth.担心某人、某事havedifficulty(in)doingsth.=havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难fixup修理二repairUnit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?1.couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？Couldyoupleasedosth?请你(做) 好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,Ican’t2、takeout取出(v+adv)takeoutthetrash倒垃圾takeawalk散步takeaway拿走，取走takeback收回takeplace发生takeoff脱下起飞takeawalk去散步takearest休息takecareof照顾takeoff脱下；起飞takeup占据takedown拿下takeone’stime不急；慢慢来takeone’stemperature量体温.dothedishes洗碗.atleast至少；atmost至少，不超过.finishdoingsth做完某事.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语“某人(主语)也不”⑴neither两者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…，连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent⑵表达“…也不……”则用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V情+主”—Thefirstonewasn’tbad.—Neitherwasthesecond..find用法：findffoundffoundv寻找findsb.doingsth发现某人做某事findit+adj.+todosth发现做某事很……♦finditdifficult/hardtodosth发现做某事很困难.toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地besurprisedat对……感到吃惊.need,must引导的一般疑问句肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn't—MustIgotherenow?—Yes，youmust/No,youneedn’t.share分享；共用sharesth分享或共用某物sharesthwithsb.与某人分享某物11.borrow/lend/keep(1)borrow借入,与from连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】borrowsthfromsb.从某人那里借某物Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.(2)lend借出，与to搭配【指借出去】lend