2021-2022年宁夏回族自治区银川市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题一卷(含答案)

2021-2022年宁夏回族自治区银川市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题一卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Somesurgeonsarereluctantto______tolearnrobotictechniquesasitistoodifficulttolearn.

2.

TheresignationofThaiPremierChavalitYongchaiyudhwasannouncedonNov.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.Accordingtoahoaxannouncement,theTacoBellCorporationboughttheLibertyBellandmovedittoIrvinetohelp______.

4.

Consumersareencouragedtobuylow-fatmilkratherthan____________________.

5.

Tobuildyouraudience,you'dbettercatchtheopportunitiestobeacquaintedwithpeopleandtrytocatchtheirattentiononyou.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.Thereleaseoflargequantitiesofthegreenhousegasmethaneaspermafrostmeltswillspeedup______.

7.

Anothertechnicaladvanceingardeninginthe19thcenturywasthatpeoplecouldgrowplantsincontainersinspringandautumnonly.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Ifrhymeisusedinthetaglineandthebrandnameismentioned,makesurethatthenameis______.

9.

MoreandmorepeoplearefondofNGVsbecausetheyhelpreducedeathsincaraccidentstoagreatdegree.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Today'sU.S.athletesusuallyavoidbeinglikearolemodelsincethatwillruintheirreputation.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Oneofthesecretsoftheforeigner'ssuccesscanbedescribedas"DoinRomeasRomansdo".

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Theprocessthattheveinsgraduallycloseoffandtrapsugarsintheleaveswillcauseleaves______.

13.

Therearefewgovernmentswhoarepreparedtoargueagainsttheideaofsustainabledevelopment.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Unresolvedconflictcanbedestructivetotheperformanceofteams.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Inyear______,thereweremanydeadtubewormsfoundintheEastPacificRiseaccordingtotheinformationfromtheexpeditions.

16.

Manypeoplefinditdifficulttomakeuptheirmindswhethertochangetheircareerpath.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Itis______thatcausemostofthedeathsinahurricaneortropicalstorm.

18.Peoplewhowanttheirbackpaintobefixedquicklyoftenresortto______.

A.surgeryB.chiropracticcareC.massageD.acupuncture

19.

Bothnaturalgasandgasolineareandthusneithercanbeconsideredrenewable.

20.Eachfederalurbansearch-and-rescuetaskforceismadeupofatleast60members.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.听力原文：M:Uh,couldIborrowafewdollarsuntilpayday?Ineedcashbadly.

W:Uh,yeah,Iguess,butI'mshortofpenniesmyself,andyoustilloweme＄20fromlastweek.Andmomandyourfriendssaidyouborrowedmoneyfromthemthispastweek.

M:Oh,yeah.

W:Howarethingsgoinganyway?

M:Well,notverywell.Tobehonest,I'mreallyinthehole,andIcan'tseemtomakeendsmeetthesedays.

W:Whatdoyoumean?Ithoughtyoulandedagreatjobrecently,soyoumustbeloaded.

M:Well,Idohaveajob,butI'veusedmycreditcardstopayoffalotofthingsrecently,butnow,Ican'tseemtopaythemoneyoff.

W:Uh,doyouhaveabudget?Imean,howdoyoukeeptrackofyourincomeandexpenses?

M:Well,whenmymoneyrunsout,Icometoyou,ofcourse.

W:Great!

M:No,butIguessIshouldhavesomefinancialplan.

W:Well,letmeseeifIcanhelpyou.Howmuchmoneydoyouspendonyourapartment?

M:Uh,Ipay＄890onrentforthestudioapartmentdowntownnotincludingutilitiesandcableTV.Buttheplacehasanawesomeviewofthecity.

W:Uh,＄890!Whyarcyoupayingthroughthenoseforsuchasmallplacewhenyoucouldfindacheaperonesomewhereoutsideofthedowntownarea?

M:Yeah,Iguess.

W:Okay.Howmuchmoneydoyouspendonfoodamonth?

M:Hmmm.I'mnotreallysure.IthinkIspendaround＄600.

W:＄600?!

M:Well,Igoouttoeatatleastfourtimesaweek,sothoseexpensesaddup.Ijustdon'tenjoyeatingalone,andIdon'thavetheabilityforcookinglikeyoudo.

W:Well,Icanunderstandthat,butperhapsyououghttobuysomemicrowaveablemealsyoucouldprepareathome.

M:Well,IguessIcould.

W:Andentertainment?

M:Well,Ispendafewdollarshereandthereonbasketballandmovietickets,aconcertortwo,andballroomdancelessons.

W:Uh,exactlyhoemuchdoyouspendonallofthese?Justa"few"dollars?

M:Well,ohabout＄400orso.

W:Orso?Nowonderyou'rehavingmoneyproblems.Youcan'tjustblowyourmoneyonthingslikethat!Andwhatabouttransportation?

M:Oh,Icommutetoworkeverydayinmynewcar,butIgotagreatdeal,andmymonthlypaymentsareonly＄450amonth.Comeoutsideandtakealook.Wecangoforaspin!

W:No,I'veheardenough.You'vegottocontrolyourspending,oryou'llendupbroke.Isuggestyougetridofyourcreditcards,cutbackonyourentertainmentexpenses,andsellyourcar.Takepublictransportfromnowon.

M:Sellmycar?Ican'tdatewithoutaear.WhatamIgoingtosay?"Uh,couldyoumeetmedowntownatthebusstopat7:00?"Comeon!

W:Andyouneetocreateabudgetforyourselfandsticktoit,andstartwithpayingoffyourbills,startingwithme.Youoweme＄50dollars.

M:Fiftydollars!Wait,Ionlyborrowed＄20fromyoulastweek.Howdidyoucomeupwith＄50?

W:Financialconsultingfees.Myadviceisatleastworth＄30!

(23)

A.Hehasalotofexpensesincludingstudentloans.

B.He'sindebtandistryingtoborrowmoney.

C.Hehasadecentjolt,buthe'slookingforanewone.

D.Helentmoneyforhisfriendsandgivefinancialadvices.

22.听力原文：Asaresultofrisinguniversitycosts,manystudentsarefindingitnecessarytotakeonpart-timejobs.Tomakefindingthosejobseasier,theplacementservicehasputtogetheralistingofwhatisavailablelocally.Forsomestudents,thesepart-timejobscouldleadtofull-timeworkaftergraduation,astheymayofferexperienceintheirownfield,bethatfinance,marketingorevenmanagement.Forexample,NationalSavingsBankoffersworkonahalftimebasis.That's20hoursperweek.Retailstoresandrestaurantshavepositionsrequiringfewerhours.Evenlesstimeisexpectedofthatprovidingchildcare.Wehaveanumberoffamiliesregisteredwithuswhoarelookingforbaby-sittersforasfewasfourhoursaweek.Forstudentswhopreferoutdoorwork,there'reseasonalpositionsrightoncampus,workingwiththegardeningandlandscapingteams.Theseoftenrequirethemosttimeandtheyaretheleastflexibleintermsofscheduling.Toseeacompletelistoftheseandotheravailablejobs,includingthesalaryofferedandthehoursrequired,stopbyourofficeandbesuretobringar6sum6withyou.Whenyoufindsomethingthatinterestsyou,we'llputyouintouchwiththepersonofferingit.Inaddition,ourcounselorswillgiveyouhintsaboutsuccessfulinterviewing.

(33)

A.Tointereststudentsinacareerincounseling.

B.Torecruitcounselorstoworkintheplacementoffice.

C.Toinform.studentsofauniversityprogram

D.ToconvincelocalmerchantstohirecollegeStudents.

23.听力原文：W:Myprogramsaysintermissionisforthirtyminutes.SoActⅡwon'tbeginbefore9:00.

M:Thenlet'sstretchourlegsandgetsomerefreshmentsinthelobby.

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydo?

(13)

A.Lookforbeveragesinthelobby.

B.Walkaroundtheauditorium.

C.Getsomefreshairoutside.

D.Stayintheirseats.

24.

【B8】

25.(34)

A.Spain.B.France.C.America.D.Germany.

26.

【B10】

27.(36)

A.Throwawayproductsarewidelyusedbecausetheyareproduced.

B.Usingthrowawayproductsistoowasteful.

C.ThrowawayproductsplayanimportantroleinAmericansociety.

D.Throwawayobjectsshouldbestopped.

28.(28)

A.HeadmasterofapublicschoolinCambridge.

B.AnEnglishteacheratCambridgeUniversity.

C.AnEnglishteacheratHaitianSchool.

D.AnEnglishteacherteachingHaitianimmigrantchildrenataprimaryschool.

29.(26)

A.3%to4%.B.4%to5%.C.4%.D.3%to5%.

30.(15)

A.Enthusiastic.B.Reluctant.C.Serious.D.Cooperative

31.(24)

A.One;Two;One

B.Two;One;One.

C.One;One;Two.

D.Two;One;Two.

32.【B5】

33.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Theplaceofthechildinsocietyhasvariedforthousandsofyearsandhasbeenaffectedbydifferentculturesandreligions.Inancienttimesunwantedchildrenwereoccasionally【B1】______,puttodeath,exploited,orofferedforreligioussacrifices,andinanyeventalargepercentageofthemdidn't【B2】______theirphysicallyhazardousexistencetoachievematurity.

InWesterncivilizationwithinthelastfewhundredyears,therehavebeenmanychangesinattitudetowardtheyoung.InagriculturalEuropethechildrenofthepoorworkedlonghoursforlittleornopay,andtherewasnopublicconcernfortheirsafetyorwelfare.Punishmentcouldbebrutalandsevere,andsometimesreligious【B3】______wereexpressedviolentlywithaviewtowardsavingthechild'ssoul.

Bytheeighteenthcenturytheharshand【B4】______methodsbegantoshowsomechanges.Societyslowly【B5】______childrenaroleofmoreimportance.Bookswerewrittenexpresslyforthemand【B6】______lawswerepassedfortheirprotection.

Inthepastfew【B7】______parentshavebecomemoreattentivetotheneedsoftheirchildren.Betterhealthcareisavailableandeducationisnolonger【B8】______foralimitedfew.【B9】______.Some'saythependuluminchildrearinghasswungsofartowardpermissivenessthat【B10】______Thetendencytodayisforteachersandparentstoemphasizeindividualresponsibilityandtostressthat【B11】______.

【B1】

34.(22)

A.Hethinksthedepartmenthasmisjudgedtheweathersituationfortheday.

B.Hedismissestheideaofhavinganannualpicnicassilly.

C.Helikespre-arrangedactivitiesandwouldrathergosomewhereonhisown.

D.Heprefershavingalittledozebeforedrinking.

35.听力原文：M:Ifyouaretryingtofitthisbookcaseinhere,you'llhavetoturnyourbedsideways.

W:Iguessyouareright.ButIhatetolosetheviewIhavefrommywindow.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

(17)

A.Themanispaintingabookcase.

B.Thewomanischoosinganewbed.

C.Thewomanislookingoutofthewindow.

D.Thewomanisrearrangingherfurniture.

36.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Humanbeingshaveusedtoolsforaverylongtime.Insomepartsoftheworldyoucanstillfindtoolsthatpeopleusedmorethantwomillionyearsago.Theymadethesetoolsbyhittingonestoneagainstanother.Inthiswaytheybrokeoffpiecesfromoneofthestones.Thesechipsofstonewereusuallysharpononeside.Peopleusedthemforcuttingmeatandskinfromdeadanimals,andalsoformakingothertoolsoutofwood.Humanbeingsneededtousetoolsbecausetheydidnethavesharpteethlikeothermeat-eatinganimals,suchaslionsandtigers.Toolshelpedpeopletogetfoodmoreeasily.

Workingwithtoolsalsohelpedtodevelophumanintelligence.Thehumanbraingrewbigger,andhumanbeingsbegantoinventmoreandmoretoolsandmachines.Thestonechipwasoneofthefirsttoolsthatpeopleused,andperhapsitisthemostimportant.Somescientistssaythatitwasthekeytothesuccessofmankind.

Since1960anewkindoftoolhasappeared.Thisisthesiliconchip—alittlechipofsiliconcrystal.Itissmallerthanafinger-nail,butitcanstoremorethanamillionbitsofinformation.Itisanelectronicbrain.Everyyearthesechipsgetcleverer,huttheirsizegetssmaller,andtheircostgetsless.Theyareusedinwatches,calculatorsandintelligentmachinesthatwecanuseinmanyways.

Inthefuturewewillnotneedtoworkwithtoolsintheoldway.Machineswilldoeverythingforus.Theywilleventalkandplaygameswithus.Peoplewillhaveplentyofsparetime.

(27)

A.Theymadethembyknives.

B.Theyfoundadequatestones.

C.Theyusedbonesofanimals.

D.Theymadetoolsbyhittingstoneagainststone,

37.听力原文：M:IwonderwhatmakesMothersoupsetthesedays.

W:Fatherwouldliketobuyanewapartmentinthefarawaysuburbs,whichgoesagainstherwishes.And,what'smore,heturnsadeafeartoherwords.

Q:WhyisMotherunhappyrecently?

(19)

A.Shedisagreeswithfather.

B.Shewantstoliveinthesuburbs.

C.Sheturnsadeafeartoherhusband'swords.

D.Sheisoffendedbythechildren.

38.听力原文：W:Ican'tcashyourtraveller'scheckwithoutsomeidentificationlikeadriver'slicense.

M:SinceIhavejustarrivedintheUnitedStates,Ihaveonlymypassport.Willthatdo?

Q:Whydoesthemanofferthewomanhispassport?

(18)

A.Asidentificationtocashacheck.

B.Toproveheisaforeignvisitor.

C.Inordertoobtainavisa.

D.Thewomanisanimmigrationofficial.

39.

【B6】

40.(32)

A.IttrainedAmericanathletes.

B.Ithelpedkeepthejournalistsinformedoftheresults.

C.Itkepttrackofschedules.

D.Itmadethejudges'decisionsfinal.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.Basedontheideaspresentedinthepassagewecanconclude"beingfat"______inAmericansociety.

A.willalwaysremainataboo

B.isnotconsideredasataboobymostpeople

C.haslongbeenataboo

D.maynolongerbeataboosomeday

42.(62)

43.

Whywasthecrowfinallydeceived?

44.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Oneoftheoddthingsaboutsomebusinessoranizationsisthattheyspendsomuchmoneytolure(吸引)newcustomersandspendsolittletokeepthemafterthey'vebeenlanded.Itjustdoesn'tmakesense.Takingcustomersforgrantedisroutineinsomelargerorganizations,wheremerebignessgeneratesanattitudeofindifference.

Loyalcustomersareanorganization'sonlyprotectionagainstbankruptcy,andlosingthembecauseofneglectorindifferenceisdownrightsinful(可耻的).Notonlydosatisfiedcustomerscontinuetofattenthetill(钱袋),theyoftenencourageotherstobuy.Thisisadvertisingthatdoesn'tcostapenny.Andalthoughtherearealwaysproblemsingivinggoodservicetocustomers,maintainingtheirpatronage(光顾)isn'tallthatdifficult.It'smatterofattitude,ofbelievingthateveryonewhobuysfromyouisentitledtothebesttreatmentyoucandeliver.Plusgivingjustalittlemorethanyouhaveto.

Wesaidtherearealwaysproblemsingivinggoodservicetocustomers.Thereason,ofcourse,isthatnoorganizationisperfect,andthere'smanyaslip:unreasonabledelaysinfillingorders,shippingthewrongmerchandise,failingtoanswerletterspromptly,andsoon.

Sometimestheseerrorsorfailurescan'tbehelped.Forexample,ifyoucan'tgetpartsbecauseofmaterialshortagesoratransportationstrike,customersmaybedeniedthegoodsthey'veordered.Andnotinfrequentlythecustomeristoblame—forexample.Failingtoclearlyidentifythearticleorservicerequired.

Yetnomatterwhoisatfaultcustomerswhomyouvaluehighlyshouldgenerallybegiventhebenefitofanydoubt.Notethatwesaid"customerswhomyouvaluehightly."Theoldsaw(格言)thatallcustomersshouldbetreatedalikeisamyth.Customerswhorepeatedlyplacelargeordersandpayforthemwillnaturallygetmoreattentionthanthosewhobuyinfrequentlyandhavetobebadgered(纠缠)topaywhattheyowe.However,youhavetomaketheassumptionthatallcustomersaregoodunlessprovedotherwise.

Themainideaofthepassageisbestexpressedbywhichofthefollowing?

A.Businessorganizationsshouldnotspendsomuchmoneytoattractnewcustomers.

B.Maintainingcustomers'patronageisthemostimportanttobusinessorganizations.

C.Customersarekings.

D.Organizationsshouldpaymoreattentiontothebenefitoftheircustomers.

45.

Stanleythoughtthat______wastoblameforthecities'collapseinthemiddleoftheeighthcenturyA.D.

46.

Thevelocityofescapeisabout______.

A.40,200milesperminute

B.25,000kilometersperhour

C.40,200kilometersperhour

D.25,000milesperminute

47.

WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldGriffithbemostlikelytoagreewith?

A.Thegooddirectorwillattempttoexplorenewideasasquicklyaspossible.

B.Themostimportantelementcontributingtoafilm'ssuccessistheabilityoftheactors.

C.Thecameramustbeconsideredanintegralandactiveelementinthecreationofafilm.

D.Thecinemashouldemphasizeseriousandsoberexaminationsoffundamentalhumanproblems.

48."Six-packMan"isprobablyavideogamethatcan______.

A.testfordrunkendriving

B.costyoualotofmoney

C.beadangertopublicmorals

D.helpconductexperimentalresearch

49.

Theauthormostprobablyagreesthatthinkingabout"Whathappensnext?"is______.

A.uncreativeB.unreliableC.worthlessD.thoughtless

50.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Inrecentyears,railroadshavebeencombiningwitheachyear,mergingintosupersystems,causingheightenedconcernsaboutmonopoly.Asrecentlyas1995,thetopfourrailroadsaccountedforunder70%ofthetotalton-milesmovedbyrails.Nextyear,afteraseriesofmergersiscompleted,justfourrailroadswillcontrolwellover90%ofallthefreightmovedbymajorrailcarriers.

Supportersofthenewsupersystemsarguethatthesemergerswillallowforsubstantialcostreductionsandbettercoordinatedservice.Anythreatofmonopoly,theyargue,isremovedbyfiercecompetitionfromtrucks.Butmanyshipperscomplainthatforheavybulkcommoditiestravelinglongdistances,truckingistoocostlyandtherailroads

Thevastconsolidationwithintherailindustrymeansthatmostshippersareservedbyonlyonerailcompany.Railroadstypicallychargesuch"captive"shippers20to30percentmorethantheydowhenanotherrailroadiscompetingforthebusiness.Shipperswhofeelthattheyarebeingoverchargedhavetherighttoappealtothefederalgovernment'sSurfaceTransportationBoardforratebelief,buttheprocessisexpensive,timeconsuming,andwillworkonlyintrulyextremecases.

Railroadsjustifyratediscriminationagainstcaptiveshippersonthegroundsthatinthelongrunitreduceseveryone'scost.Ifrailroadschargedallcustomersthesameaveragerate,theyargue,shipperswhohavetheoptionofswitchingtotrucksorotherformsoftransportationwoulddoso,leavingremainingcustomerstoshoulderthecostofkeepinguptheline.It'satheorytowhichmanyeconomistssubscribe,butinpracticeitoftenleavesrailroadsinthepositionofdeterminingwhichcompanieswillflourishandwhichwillfail."Dowereallywantrailroadstobethearbitersofwhowinsandwholosesinthemarketplace?"asksMartinBercovici,aWashingtonlawyerwhofrequentlyrepresentsshippers.

Manycaptiveshippersalsoworrytheywillsoonbehitwitharoundofhugerateincreases.Therailroadindustryasawhole,despiteitsbrighteningfortunes,stilldoesnotearnenoughtocoverthecostofthecapitalitmustinvesttokeepupwithitssurgingtraffic.Yetrailroadscontinuetoborrowbillionsmacquireoneanother,withWallStreetcheeringthemon.Considerthe$10.2billionbidbyNorfolkSouthernandCSXtoacquireConrailthisyear.Conrail'snetrailwayoperatingincomein1996wasjust$427million,lessthanhalfofthecarryingcostofthetransaction.Who'sgoingtopayfortherestofthebill?Manycaptiveshippersfearthattheywill,asNorfolkSouthernandCSXincreasetheirgriponthemarket.

Accordingtothosewhosupportmergers,railwaymonopolyisunlikelybecause______.

A.costreductionisbasedoncompetition

B.servicescallforcross-tradecoordination

C.outsidecompetitorswillcontinuetoexist

D.shipperswillhavetherailwaybythethroat

51.Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren'tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleontiresamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities.There'slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquietness.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsafeelingofisolation,andconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecentreofthings;andthatlifedoesn'tcometoanendathalfpastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe"quietlife"byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillage.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring"morning"tothelocalsastheypassby?I'mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere'smycat,Toby.I'mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthoseheartymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

Oneofthedisadvantagesoflivinginhigh-risebuildingsisthat______.

A.theparentsmaybecomeviolentanddifficulttoputupwith

B.theresidentsmaynothaveagoodviewfromtheirwindows

C.theresidentsmaybecomeindifferenttotheirneighbors

D.thechildrenmaybecometoofrustratedtobecontrolled

52.【S3】

53.TelevisionhastransformedpoliticsintheUnitedStatesbychangingthewayinwhichinformationisdisseminated,byalteringpoliticalcampaigns,andbychangingcitizens'patternsofresponsetopolitics.Bygivingcitizensindependentaccesstothecandidates,televisiondiminishedtheroleofthepoliticalpartyintheselectionofthemajorpartycandidates.Bycenteringpoliticsonthepersonofthecandidate,televisionacceleratedthecitizen'sfocusoncharacterthanissues.

Televisionhasalteredtheformsofpoliticalcommunicationaswell.Themessagesonwhichmostofusrelyarebrieferthantheyoncewere.Thestumpspeech,apoliticalspeechgivenbytravelingpoliticiansandlasting1.5to2hours,whichcharacterizednineteenthcenturypoliticaldiscourse,hasgivenwaytothe30-secondadvertisementand10-second"soundbite(原声摘要)"inbroadcastnews.Increasinglytheaudienceforspeechesisnotthatstandinginfrontofthepoliticianbutratherviewingaudiencewhowillhearandseeasnippet(摘录)ofthespeechonthenews.

Intheseabbreviated(缩减的)forms,muchofwhatconstitutedthetraditionalpoliticaldiscourseofearlierageshasbeenlost.In15or30seconds,aspeakercannotestablishthehistoricalcontextthatshapedtheissueinquestion,cannotdetailtheprobablecausesoftheproblem,andcannotexaminealternativeproposalstoarguethatoneispreferabletoothers.Insnippets,politiciansassertbutdonotargue.

Becausetelevisionisanintimatemedium,speakingthroughitrequiredachangedpoliticalstyle.thatwasmoreconversational,personal,andvisualthanthatoftheold-style.stumpspeech.Relianceontelevisionmeansthatincreasinglyourpoliticalworldcontainsmemorablepicturesratherthanmemorablewords.Schoolsteachustoanalyzewordsandprint.However,inaworldinwhichpoliticsisincreasinglyvisual,informedcitizenshiprequiresanewsetofskills.

Recognizingthepoweroftelevision'spictures,politicianscrafttelevisual,stagedevents,calledpseudoevents,designedtoattractmediacoverage.Muchofthepoliticalactivityweseeontelevisionnewshasbeencraftedbypoliticians,theirspeechwriters,andtheirpublicrelationsadvisersfortelevisedconsumptionbitesinnewsandanswerstoquestionsindebatesincreasinglysoundlikeadvertisements.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

A.politicsintheUnitedStateshasbeensignificantlychangedbytelevision

B.citizensintheUnitedStatesprefertoseepoliticiansontelevisioninsteadofinperson

C.politicsintheUnitedStateshasbecomesubstantiallymorecontroversialsincetheintroductionoftelevision

D.citizensintheUnitedStatesarenowmoreinformedaboutpoliticalissuesbecauseoftelevisioncoverage

54.

Themainfunctionofamentoris____