2023届河北省石家庄市高中毕业年级教学质量检测（二）英语试题及答案

2023届河北省石家庄市高中毕业年级教学质量检测（二）英语试题及答案石家庄市2023届高中毕业年级教学质量检测（二）英语（本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是1.Whatdoesthemancomplainabout?A.Thelimitedstuff.B.Thehighprice.C.Thelongqueues.2.Howwillthewomangototheman'shouse?A.Bybus.B.Bytrain.C.Bytaxi..3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shefailedthetest.B.Thetestwastoodifficult.C.Sheshouldhavestudiedhard.4.Wheredidthemanspendhisholiday?A.Onthebeach.B.Intheforest.C.Inthemountains.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.SelectingaTVprogram.B.Livinginthecountryside.C.Improvingpeople'shealth.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthemanworkingon?A.Updatingawebsite.B.Takingsomephotos.C.Trainingtheemployees.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Launchthenewdesign.B.Replaceoutdatednews.C.Contacthiscolleagues.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherewillthesolarfarmbebuilt?A.InAsia.B.InAfrica.C.InEurope.9.HowmuchofEuropeanenergyneedswillbeprovided?A.Upto15%.B.Upto20%.C.Upto10%.10.WhatcouldbeusedinScotlandtoproduceelectricity?A.Solarenergy.B.Windenergy.C.Waveenergy.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatcolorbootsdoesthemanwant?A.Blue.B.Grey.C.Black.12.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Checkaboutthecolors.B.Gotofetchsomeboots.C.Showthemanaround.13.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Customerandsalesgirl.B.Husbandandwife.C.Bossandsecretary.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Attendaconference.B.Makeacitytour.C.Gotoamarket.15.WhatdoesthewomanthinkoftheWawelCastle?A.It'sworthvisiting.B.Itopenstooearly.C.It'sfaraway.16.Wherecanpeoplefindlotsofcafesandbars?A.AroundtheWawelCastle.B.Inthemarketsquare.C.Nearthebusstation.17.Whatdoesthemandecidetodointheevening?A.Gotoacafé.B.Joinadancingclub.C.Enjoysomemusic.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewpublicswimmingpoo!?A.Itwillbebuiltnearthecitypark.B.Therewillbelifeguardstoensuresafety.C.Theindoorandoutdoorpoolsareseparated.19.WhatisElizabethGreenfield?A.Anofficial.B.Ahostess.C.Areporter.20.Whenwilltheconstructionbefinished?A.InJanuary.B.InApril.C.InMay.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。TheNobelPrizehasbeenawardedtowomen60timesbetween1901and2022.Thesewomenhavemadeoutstandingcontributionstotheworldsofmedicine,science,literatureandsoon.Herearefourofthem.DorothyCrowfootHodgkinAward:NobelPrizeinChemistryYear:1964DorothyHodgkinwasaBritishchemistwhoseinterestinresearchbeganwhen,asachild,shereceivedachemistrybookcontainingexperimentswithcrystals（晶体）.ShestudiedatOxfordUniversityanddevelopedproteincrystallography,whichadvancedthedevelopmentofX-rays.

ThisearnedhertheNobelPrize.GertrudeB.ElionAward:NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineYear:1988GertrudeElionwontheNobelPrizeforherdiscoveriesofimportantprinciplesfordrugtreatment.Elionhadwatchedhergrandfatherdieofcancer,soshedecidedtofightthediseasethroughoutherlife.Elin,togetherwithGeorgeHitchings,withwhomshesharedtheaward,createdasystemfordrugproductionthatreliesheavilyonbiochemistry.ToniMorrisonAward:NobelPrizeinLiteratureYear.1993ToniMorrison,whosebook"Beloved"earnedherthePulitzerPrizeandtheAmericanBookAward,wasthefirstBlackwomantoeverreceivetheNobelPrizeinLiterature.BorninOhio,MorrisonwasawriterwhoseworksaremostlyaboutlifeintheBlackcommunity.ShetaughtwritingandservedasanhonoraryprofessoratPrincetonUniversity.EstherDufloAward:NobelPrizeinEconomicsYear:2019EstherDuflosharedherprizewithherresearchcolleaguesMichaelKremerandAbhijitBanerjee,whoisherhusband.DuflohasspentmuchofhercareerattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,wheresheearnedherdoctoratedegreein1999.DufloandherpartnerswereawardedtheNobelPrizefortheirapproachtofightingpovertyaroundtheworld.21.WhatwonDorothyCrowfootHodgkintheNobelPrize?A.Herbookaboutcrystals.C.Herresearchonmedicine.B.HercontributiontoX-raydevelopment.D.Herdiscoveryofanewproteincrystal.22.WhatdoToniMorrison'sbooksmainlyfocuson?A.Educationalissues.C.Writingtechniques.B.Communityservice.D.BlackAmerican'slife.23.WhatdoGertrudeB.ElionandEstherDuflohaveincommon?A.TheywontheNobelPrizeinthesameyear.B.Theydevotedthemselvestofightingdiseases.C.TheysharedtheNobelPrizetogetherwithothers.D.Theirlifeexperiencescommittedthemtotheirfields.BEveryholidayseason,PatriciaGallagherfillshercarwithstuffedanimalsanddrivesaroundPhiladelphia.Shegivesthemnottokidsbuttoseniors.Patricia'sholidaytraditionstartedin2009."IjustgotthisideatocalltwonursinghomesatrandomandaskifIcouldcomeandreadItwastheNightBeforeChristmas,“shesaid.Shebroughtsomeofherkids'stuffedanimalsfortheseniorstoholdwhilesheread.“ButwhenIwenttogatherthemandtakethembacktogotothenextnursinghome,nobodywantedtogiveuptheirstuffedanimals,"sheadded.Itwasthenandtherethatsherealizedthepowerofasimpleholidaygift.Patriciawantedtocontinuehertraditionofgiving,sosheputanadonline,askingforgentlyusedstuffedanimals.Inherfirsttwoyearsofcollecting,shereceivedmorethan11,000donatedstuffedanimals.Shesaidsometimeslocalschoolswouldholdstuffedanimalcollectionsonherbehalf,orachildwhooutgrewtheirtoyswoulddonate.Afterreceivingtoomany,Patriciastartedcappinghowmanyshewouldcollectatatime,andsaidshecouldonlytakeinabout250stuffedanimalseachweekduringtheholidayseason.Then,shetookthemtonursinghomes.“Theelderlywantstuffedanimalsnotonlyforcomfort,buttheywereconversationstarters.Itremindedthemoftheirchildhood,"shesaid.Andsherecalledonemansaid,"Youknow,Ineverwantedtogotoschool.AndmyfathersaidifIwouldgothatday,hewouldtakemetotheBrooklynZoo.Andyouknowwhat?ThiswasthefirstanimalIsawthereanditlookedjustlikethisgiraffe."Spreadingjoyisn'tjustaholidaypastimeforPatricia.Sheisalsoknownasthe"HappyFlowerLady"aroundPhiladelphia,becauseshecollectsoldflowersfromstoresandpassesthemouttoanyonewhoneedsapick-me-up.“Whenyougive,youreallydogetmoreback,"Patriciasaid."Everymorning,whetherit'stheflowersorthestuffedanimals,Ihaveapurpose."24.WhydidPatriciagotothenursinghomesin2009?A.Tosendgiftstotheseniors.C.Togetoverherloneliness.B.Toreadastorytotheelderly.D.Togetridofherkids'toys.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“capping"inparagraph3mean?A.Limiting.C.Identifying.B.Recording.D.Doubling26.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Seniorslovegoodolddays.C.Givingmakesseniorshappy.B.Cuteanimalshavehealingeffectsonseniors.D.Stuffedanimalshavemorethanonefunction.27.WhatdoesPatriciathinkofhergivingexperiences?A.Rewarding.B.Entertaining.C.Timely.D.Tough.CAnewstudysuggestsclassicpaintingsbywell-knownImpressionistsJosephTurnerandClaudeMonetmayhavebeeninfluencedbyairpollutionduringtheIndustrialRevolution.Thestudy,publishedinProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesbyauthorsfromHarvardandSorbonneuniversities,analyzed60oilpaintingsbyTurnerfrom1796to185O'and38paintingsbyMonetfrom1864to1901.Scientistsdon'tknowexactlyhowpollutedthecitieswereduringthattimeforlackofdata.However,researcherssayexaminingtheworksofTurnerandMonetcangiveapictureoflong-termenvironmentalchangewiththeairpollution.Inparticular，researcherssaidchangesinlocalsulfur（硫）dioxideemissionsfromburningcoalmayexplainchangesinthecolourcontrastandintensityofTurner,Monet,andothers'works,evenaftertakingintoaccounttheartistictrendsandsubjectmatterofthetime.Scientistssuccessfullymeasuredpainters'representationofnature,focusingondifferencesinlocalweatherpatternswhichinfluencedcolourinworkspaintedindifferentpartsofEurope.PaintingsdoneinBritaingenerallyfeatureapalerblueskythanotherworksinotherpartsofthecontinent.Generally,artistscanhistoricallyaccuratelyrepresenttheirenvironment,soTurnerandMonetwerechosenbecausetheyarefamousfortheirlandscapeandcityscapepaintingsandalsobecausetheywereactiveduringtheIndustrialRevolution,whenairpollutiongrewatanrateneverseenbefore.Additionally,researcherssaythatastheairinLondonandParisbecamemorepolluted,thecitieswouldappearhaziertotheeyesaswellasinphotographs.BycomparingthepaintingsofTurnerandMonettopicturesfromtheera,theywereabletodeterminetheartistswereatleastpartlyinfluencedbythechangeinemissions.28.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Byreferringtorelevanthistoricalrecords.B.BycomparingthepaintingsofTurnerandMonet.C.Byrelatingthepaintingstotheairconditionsthen.D.ByanalyzingthedataduringtheIndustrialRevolution.29.WhatdidtheresearchersfindintheworksofTurnerandMonet?A.Airpollutionatthattime.C.Socialtrendsoftheperiod.B.Changeinsubjectmatter.D.Developmentofphotography.30.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph5?A.Europeanartistspreferredlandscapepaintings.B.Scientistsfocusedonstudyingweatherpatterns.C.TurerandMonetintendedtopresentpollution.D.BritainsufferedfromairpollutionmostinEurope.31.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toinformpeopleofanewdiscovery.C.TointroducetheIndustrialRevolution.B.Toinstructpeopletoappreciatepaintings.D.Tocallonpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.DManyownersofelectriccarshavewishedforabatterypackthatcouldpowertheirvehicleformorethanathousandmilesonasinglecharge.Researchershavedevelopedalithium-airbatterythatcouldmakethatdreamareality.Thenewbatterydesigncouldalsooncedaypowerairplanesandtrucks.Themainnewcomponentinthislithium-airbatteryisasolidelectrolyte（电解质）insteadoftheusualliquidvariety.Batterieswithsolidelectrolytesarenotsubjecttosafetyproblemswiththeliquidelectrolytesusedinlithium-ionandotherbatterytypes,whichcanoverheatandcatchfire.Moreimportantly,thesolidelectrolytecanpotentiallyboosttheenergyfourtimes,whichtranslatesintolongerdrivingrange.Foroveradecade，scientistshavebeenworkingovertimetodevelopalithium（锂）batterythatmakesuseoftheoxygeninair.Thelithium-aibatteryhasthehighestenergyofanybatterytechnologybeingconsideredforthenextgenerationofbatteriesbeyondlithium-ion.ThenewsolidelectrolyteiscomposedofamaterialmadefromrelativelyinexpensiveClements,comparedwiththepastdesigns.Besides,thechemicalreactioninlithium-iononlyinvolvesoneortwoelectronsstoredperoxygenmolecule（分子），whilethatforlithium-airbatteryinvolvesfourelectrons.Moreelectronsstoredmeanshigherenergy.Thenewdesignisthefirstlithium-airbatterythathasachievedafour-electronreactionatroomtemperature.Italsooperateswithoxygensuppliedbyairfromthesurroundingenvironment.Thecapabilitytorunwithairavoidstheneedforoxygentankstooperate,aproblemwithearlierdesigns.“Withfurtherdevelopment,weexpectournewdesignforthelithium-airbatterytoreacharecordof1200watt-hoursperkilogram,"saidCurtiss,aresearcher."Thatisnearlyfourtimesbetterthanlithium-ionbatteries."32.Whatcontributesmosttothelithium-airbattery?A.Lithium-ion.C.Solidelectrolytes.B.Oxygenmolecules.D.Liquidcomponent.33.What'stheproblemwithlithium-ionbatteries?A.Theybumeasilyifoverheated.C.Theydamagetheenvironment.B.Theyareunsafeinproduction.D.Theyrequirelongerchargingtime.34.Howdoestheauthororganizeparagraph4?A.Bygivingexamples.C.Bypresentingstatistics.B.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.HowLithium-airBatteriesWorkB.WhatwillBeUsedtoPowerAirplanesC.ElectricCarsAreBecomingMorePopularD.NewBatteriesOfferLongerDrivingRange第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填大空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Backpaincanmakeitdifficultformanypeopletofunctionineverydaylife.36Ifyousufferfrombackpain,readonforfoureverydayfixes.Ourbodiesneedadequatemovementthroughoutthedaytoavoidthestiffness（僵硬）thatcontributestoachesandpains.Iftheweatherisgood,don’thuntforthenearestparkingspot;don’ttaketheelevatorwhenyouhavetheoptionofoneortwoflightsofstairs.Whenyouneedtositforlongperiods,setatimertogetupeveryhourandbeactiveforjustafewminutes.37Whenweoveruseourdominantside,wecreatemusclepatternsofweaknessandtensionthatincreasepain,especiallyinourbacks.Considertheactionsyoutakerepeatedlythroughoutthedaythatshiftyourweighttooneside.38Anduseyouroppositehandeverysooftenforbasicactivities,suchasopeningdoors.Psychologicalstressisanotedriskfactorforbackpain,accordingtoresearch.Mostmentalstressiscausedbyfocusingonthepastorfuture.39Afewminutesadayofmindfulnesscangoalongwaytowardminimizingtheimpactofstress.Additionally,mindfulnesspracticesliketaichihaveallshowneffectivenessinreducingbackpain.40Thatis,youcancreateagameplanofdailyactivitiestopracticeforbackhealth.Ifyourbackhurtsattheendoftheday,don'tjustdecideitwasa"bad"day.Askyourselfifyoupracticedtheactivitiestohelpyouavoidthestressandtension.Takinganactive,daily-lifeapproachtomaintainingahealthybodyisthekeytokeepingbackpainatbay.A.Switchsideswhenyoucarrythings.B.Itaffectshowyoumove,feelandthink.C.Youshouldlearnmoreaboutthecauseofyourpain.D.Approachthehealthofyourbackasaresponsibility.E.Soactivelybeingmindfulofthepresentreducesstress.F.You'dbettertakeaquickbreaktocheckinwithyourbreathing.G.Moreminutesofmovementadduptobighealthbenefitsovertime.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Theproblemshadstartedbeforethetripevenbegan.ItwasmyfirsttimetravelingtoAsia.Ihad41_distancesandtiming.IhadplannedtovisitLombokfirstbutbookedtheflightstoBali,not_42therewasanairportinLombok.ArrivinginBaliat1p.m.,1wasabit43．Ihadreadonlinethelastferry（轮渡）leftat4p．m．andI44＿hadtotakea1.5-hourtaxijourneytotheportandcatchtheferrytoLombok.Upongettinginthetaxi,Itoldthedriverthesituationandhe45calledhisfriendattheport.Hetoldustheseaswere_46,sothelastferrywasleavingat2:30p.m.,earlierthanusual.Istartedtopanic,butmydriverwas47totry.Hisphonerangmanytimeswithtalksbetweenhimandhisfriend.Itwas48toseehimputsomucheffortinfora49.Whenwewereabout10minutesaway,hisfriend_50himthattheywouldholdtheboatforus-butwehadto51!Fromthereon,itwas52Itwaspouringwithrainandtherewasnoroadtotheport.So,we_53,Thedriver_54_my.suitcaseandstartedrunning,hisshoesanduniformallwet.Iarrivedjustintimetojumpontotheboat.I'veneverbeenmorethankfulforsomeone's55_thewholewaythrough.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下而短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式：Chinesesinger-songwriterLiuShuangwasonajourneytoBeijingwhenhereceivedamessage.56＿（say）thathissongMoheBallroomhadgoneviral（走红）．However，hedidn’ttakeit57＿（serous）untilhelearnedthatfootageofthesonghadbeenviewedmorethan10milliontimes.Thesong_58_(inspire)byLiu'stripin2019toMohe,Heilongjiangprovince,wherehemet_59elderlymandancingaloneinaballroom."Iwascuriousanddancedwithhim.Wetalkedforawhileduringabreak,whenIlearnedabouthisstory,"saidLiu,wholaterwroteanarticle60(title)GoodbyeEveningStar,andposteditonline.Theelderlymanlosthiswifeandhehasnotremarried,soheoftenvisitedtheoldballroomanddancedalone_61(remember)thetimesheandhiswifespentthere.Millionsofpeoplehavebeentouchedbythesongandthestorybehindit.62_(video)featuringelderlymendancingalonehaveappearedonsocialmediaplatforms.Thesong'shuge63(popular)hasalsomadeMoheanin-demandtourismdestination.Visitorsfloodtothecitytoseetheballroom,inthehope64_meetingtheelderlyman.Moreover,localresidentshavebecomecuriousabouttheballroom,65theyhadnevernoticedbefore.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，4月18日是国际古迹遗址日（WorldHeritage

Day），你的外国笔友William发来邮件询问你校的活动计划。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1．活动目的；2．活动安排。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearWilliam,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasTamika'sturntotellherclasswhereshewentthissummer.Shestoodupproudly."ThissummerIwenttoBradley,"Tamikaannounced."Theyhaveabigmarketthere.Mymomboughtapainting，andIgotsecond-handinlineskates（竖排轮滑鞋）.Wehadagreattimethereand..”"That'snotatrip,“Jeremywhisperedloudlytohispartner.“It’sonlyhalfanhourfromhere.MydadandIoftengotoBradleytobuytoolsforhisrepairshop."“Jeremy,nointerrupting