2022-2023年云南省丽江市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

2022-2023年云南省丽江市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Thewaythatsomeonespendshismoneycanreflect______.

2.InstantExpert:MentalHealth

Whentheheartbreaksdown,itbeatsirregularlyornotatall.Abonecanchiporsnap.Butwhenthecomplexnetworkofneuronsinourbrainfailstofunctionnormally,theresultcanbeanear-endlessvarietyandcombinationsofmentalillnesses.

It'snormaltosometimesbesad,happy,anxious,confused,forgetfulorfearful,butwhenaperson'semotions,thoughtsorbehavior.frequentlytroublethem,ordisrupttheirlives,theymaybesufferingfrommentalillness.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),about450millionpeopleworldwideareaffectedbymental,neurologicalorbehavioralproblemsatanytime.

However,determiningthatsomeonehasamentalillness,andwhichone,isoneofthechallengespsychiatristsface.Oneefforttocataloguetheseafflictionsisthe"psychiatrists'bible",theDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorders--thelatesteditionfillsnearlyonethousandpagesandlistsover400disorders.

Diversityofdisorders

Amongthebestknownandmostcommonmentalillnessesisdepression-aprolonged,weakeningsad-ness,sometimesaccompaniedbyafeelingofhopelessnessandthoughtsofsuicide.Seasonalaffectivedisorderisatypeofdepressionthataffectssomepeopleintheautumnandwinterandistriggeredbythedisappearinghoursofdaylightandcoldertemperatures.Inbipolardisorder(双极性障碍),apersonchangesfromdepressiontoepisodesofexcessiveenthusiasmwheretheyareunrealisticallyconfidentintheirabilities.

Personalitydisordersarebehavior.patternsthataredestructivetothepersonthemselvesorthosearoundthem.Indissociativedisorders,someoneexperiencesasuddenchangeinconsciousnessortheirconceptofself.Indissociativeamnesia,forexample,theresultisalossofpartoralloftheirmemories.Samson,theBiblicalstrongman,mayhavesufferedfromtheearliestrecordedcaseofantisocialpersonalitydisorder.

Anxietydisordersarecharacterizedbypowerfulfeelingsofstressandphysicalsignsoffear-sweating,aracingheart-duetosomecueintheenvironment,orfornoobviousreasonatall.Theseincludepost-traumatic(创伤后的)stressdisorder,panicdisorder,obsessivecompulsivedisorder,angerdisorders,hypochondria,socialphobia,andotherphobiasincludingagoraphobia(openspaces),claustrophobia(smallspaces),acrophobia(heights),andarachnophobia(spiders).

Attention-deficithyperactivitydisorderisamongthemostcommonmentalillnessesdiagnosedinchildren,affectingtheirabilitytofocusandassociatedwithhighlevelsofactivityandimpulsiveness.

Eatingdisordersinvolveanunhealthyrelationshiptofood.Asuffererofanorexianervosa(神经性厌食症)willstriveforthinnesstothepointofstarvation,duetoadistortedperceptionoftheirbodiesanddissatisfactionintheirsenseofcontrol.Theyengageincyclesofgorging(feedgreedily)themselvesandthenpurgingthroughvomitingortheuseofsomedrugs.Muscledysmorphiaissometimesthoughtofasa"reverse"form.ofanorexiathataffectsbodybuilders.Sufferersconstantlyworrythattheyaretooweakdespitebeingextremelystrong.

Enormouscost

Mentalillnessesarequitecommon.Asmanyasoneinfivepeoplearethoughttosufferfrommentalillness,atleasttemporarily,eachyear.Suicide--oftentheresultofuntreatedmentalillness--claims873000livesaroundtheworldeachyear.Theeconomiccostsoftheseconditionsarealsoenormousandgrowing.AccordingtotheWHO,depressionisexpectedtoaccountformorelostyearsofhealthylifethananyotherdiseaseby2030,exceptforHIV/AIDS.

Evenso,thementallyillfacedisgraceanddiscrimination.Studiesfindpeoplearereluctanttoadmittheyhaveatmentalillness,toseekhelp,ortostickwithtreatment.Othersareeagertorejectthelabelofamental

A.irregularityofheart

B.snappedbones

C.themalfunctionoftheneuralnetworkinbrain

D.themalfunctionofthebrain

3.

Google'sassertionofitsownholiness______.

A.bringsaboutsourgrapesrivals'scorn

B.isabletoreceiveunquestioningtrust

C.makesmanyfirmsdisgusted

D.attractsthesupportofmanyfirmsexceptsourgrapesrivals

4.

Theultimateadvantageofviewers'onlinecommunicationbyJoostistohelpadvertisers

A.findoutthenumberofdifferentkindsofviewers

B.collecttheviewers'IPaddressesandlocations

C.improvetheeffectofadvertisements

D.judgewhethertheviewersare"DesperateHousewives"fansornot

5.

Sophisticated______techniqueshavebeenalreadyemployedtocalculatehowintermarriageischangingthefaceoftheUnitedStates.

6.

Watertablesarefallingbecauseof______inmanypartsoftheworld.

7.Morepeoplewouldusenotesandcointoprotect______whenelectroniccashpaymentsareunderstrictmonitoring.

8.

Becausetheinterviewisoncampus,youshouldlookandactlikeastudent.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.Thoseconventionalbuildingsrequireimprovementbecausetheyrevealthatenergyis

10.

Thedecisionsofscript.andactorsaredeterminedby______________.

11.

Towithdrawlightphysicaladdictiontoalcohol,apersonshoulddealwithitbyaskingfor______.

12.

ThecompanycanapplytotheFDAforpermissiontobeginhumanstudieswhentheresultsofanimalstudiesindicatethatthenewdrugisliketobe______.

13.

DollyMadisononceinvitedthechildrenofWashingtontorollboiledeggsdownthehillylawnof______.

14.

Bysolvingyourdivorceproblemonline,youneedtopay￡100.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Theharmtheelectromagneticradiationdoestopeople'shealthisasgreatasorevengreaterthanthatcigarettesmokingdoes.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

TheprevioustitleforDrChanis______.

17.Cross-CulturalCommunicationChallenges

DefinitionofCulture

Weallcommunicatewithothersallthetime--inourhomes,inourworkplaces,inthegroupswebelongto,andinthecommunity.Nomatterhowwellwethinkweunderstandeachother,communicationishard.Justthink,forexample,howoftenwehearthingslike;"Hedoesn'tgetit,"or"Shedidn'treallyhearwhatImeanttosay.""Culture"isoftenattherootofcommunicationchallenges.Ourcultureinfluenceshowweapproachproblems,andhowweparticipateingroupsandincommunities.Whenweparticipateingroupsweareoftensurprisedathowdifferentlypeopleapproachtheirworktogether.

Cultureisacomplexconcept,withmanydifferentdefinitions.But,simplyput,"culture"referstoagrouporcommunitywithwhichwesharecommonexperiencesthatshapethewayweunderstandtheworld.Itincludesgroupsthatweareborninto,suchasgender,race,ornationalorigin.Italsoincludesgroupswejoinorbecomepartof.Forexample,wecanacquireanewculturebymovingtoanewregion,byachangeinoureconomicstatus,orbybecomingdisabled.Whenwethinkofculturethisbroadly,werealizeweallbelongtomanyculturesatonce.

Ourhistoriesareacriticalpieceofourcultures.Historicalexperiences--whetheroffiveyearsagooroftengenerationsback--shapewhoweare.Knowledgeofourhistorycanhelpusunderstandourselvesandoneanotherbetter.Exploringthewaysinwhichvariousgroupswithinoursocietyhaverelatedtoeachotheriskeytoopeningchannelsforcross-culturalcommunication.

SixFundamentalPatternsofCulturalDifferences

Aspeoplefromdifferentculturalgroupstakeontheexcitingchallengeofworkingtogether,culturalvaluessometimesconflict.Wecanmisunderstandeachother,andreactinwaysthatcanhinderwhatareotherwisepromisingpartnerships.Oftentimes,wearen'tawarethatcultureisactinguponus.Sometimes,wearenotevenawarethatwehaveculturalvaluesorassumptionsthataredifferentfromothers!

?DifferentCommunicationStyles

Thewaypeoplecommunicatevarieswidelybetween,andevenwithin,cultures.Oneaspectofcommunicationstyle.islanguageusage.Acrosscultures,somewordsandphrasesareusedindifferentways.Forexample,evenincountriesthatsharetheEnglishlanguage,themeaningof"yes"variesfrom"maybe,I'llconsiderit"to"definitelyso,"withmanyshadesinbetween.

Anothermajoraspectofcommunicationstyle.isthedegreeofimportancegiventonon-verbalcommunication.Non-verbalcommunicationincludesnotonlyfacialexpressionsandgestures;italsoinvolvesseatingarrangements,personaldistance,andsenseoftime.Inaddition,differentnormsregardingtheappropriatedegreeofassertivenessincommunicatingcanaddtoculturalmisunderstandings.Forinstance,somewhiteAmericanstypicallyconsiderraisedvoicestobeasignthatafighthasbegun,whilesomeblack,JewishandItalianAmericansoftenfeelthatanincreaseinvolumeisasignofanexcitingconversationamongfriends.Thus,somewhiteAmericansmayreactwithgreateralarmofalouddiscussionthanwouldmembersofsomeAmericanethnicornon-whiteracialgroups.

?DifferentAttitudesTowardConflict

Someculturesviewconflictasapositivething,whileothersviewitassomethingtobeavoided.IntheU.S.,conflictisnotusuallydesirable;butpeopleoftenareencouragedtodealdirectlywithconflictsthatdoarise.Infact,face-to-facemeetingscustomarilyarerecommendedasthewaytoworkthroughwhateverproblemsexist.Incontrast,inmanyEasterncountries,openconflictisexperiencedasembarrassingordemeaning;asarule,differencesarebestworkedoutquietly.Awrittenexchangemightbethefavoredmeanstoaddressthe

A.YB.NC.NG

18."Areyoustillbeatingyourwife?"isinrealitytwoquestionsthatareusually______.

19.

InScotland,thetwotypesofdivorcesprocedureinthejudicialoffer'scourtare______.

20.

AccordingtoscientistsattheU.S.NationalSnowandIceDataCenter.withinabout60years,therewillbe______ontheArcticOcean.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(21)

A.Theintroductionofthedraft.

B.Thefirstpartofthedraft.

C.Theheadingsofthedraft.

D.Themiddlepartofthedraft.

22.(31)

A.Itdidnotoccur.

B.Itwillneveroccuragain.

C.Itisbeneficial.

D.Itisdisastrous.

23.听力原文：Togetusstartedthissemester,I'mgoingtospendthefirsttwoclassesgivingyoubackgroundlecturesaboutsomebasiccinematicconcepts.Onceyouarealittlemorefamiliarwithbasicfilmterminology,wewillbereadytolookatthehistoryofmoviesintheUnitedStates.YouwillbeexpectedtoattendshowingsoffilmsonTuesdayeveningat7o'clockatJenningsAuditorium,that'sourlab.ThenduringourWednesdayseminar,wewilldiscussindepththemoviewesawthenightbefore.We'renotcoveringsilentmoviesinthiscourse.Wewillbeginwiththefirsttalkingmotionpicture,TheJazzSinger,releasedin1927.Thenextweekwe'llbelookingatTheGoldDiggerof1933,apiecethatisveryrepresentativeoftheescapisttrendinfilmsreleasedduringtheDepression.Someofthefilmswewillbewatchingwillprobablybenewtoyou,likeFrankCapra'sWhyWeFight.OthersyoumighthavealreadyseenonTV,likeRebelWithoutaCausestarringJamesDeane,orStanleyCooper'sDoctor'sStrangeLove.However,Ihopeyouwillseeevenfamiliarfilmswithneweye.Inthelastthreeweeksofthecourse,wewillbewatchingfilmsfromthe1980s,andyouwillchooseoneofthemasthesubjectforanextensivewrittencritique.Wewilltalkmoreabouttherequirementsofthecritiquelaterinthesemester.

(33)

A.TolookatthehistoryofmoviesintheUnitedStates.

B.Arrangementforthemoviecourse.

C.LookingatTheGoldDiggerof1933.

D.WatchingFrankCapra'sWhyWeFight.

24.(17)

A.Shehasbadstudyhabits.

B.Shesleepstoomuch.

C.Shewakesuplate.

D.She'sanexcellentstudent.

25.(42)

26.

【B3】

27.

【B7】

28.

【B11】

29.听力原文：(29)Astudentcreditcard?Isitrightforme,andcanithelpmepayforexpensesonlinesuchasonlinecourses,music,language-learningmaterials,orevenadegree?

Actually,theanswermightbeyesorno,dependingonyourcircumstances.Ofcourse,probablythebestadviceistosaveupandthenmakepurchaseswithcash.Unfortunately,differentonlineservicesoftenrequireacreditcard.Herearesome.ideastogettingacreditcard.Firstofall,obtainingastudentcreditcardisbecomingeasier,andmanycompaniesareofferingsuchcardstostudentsinthisgrowingmarket.Fromastudent'sperspective,itallowsapersontopayforthingsonlinethatonlycanbepurchasedoncredit.(30)Furthermore,itcanhelpstudentsbuildagoodcredithistorythatisoftenneededlaterforbiggerpurchaseslikeacarorhome.

Inspiteoftheseadvantages,studentshavetobecarefulbecauseinterestratesonsuchcardsareoftenhigherandhavehigherpenaltiesifyoufailtopayontime.Furthermore,studentsmayspendwellbeyondtheirmeansandendupindebtthattheycan'tpayoff.

Perhapsahappymediumisforstudentstogetadebitcardthathasacreditlimit,andmoneyforpurchasesisjustdeductedfromexistingfundsfromastudent'saccount.Thus,itoperateslikeacheckingaccount,and(31)whenthestudent'sspendingreachesthecreditlimit,theycan'tcontinuetospend.

Beforeyoudecidetogetastudentcreditcard,lookcarefullyattheagreementtermsforeachcompanyandcomparetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeach.SearchingtheInternetforsuchofferswillgiveyouagoodstartonwhattolookforinacompany.

(30)

A.Money.B.Credit.C.Debitcard.D.Creditcard.

30.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：WhoisthemostimportantpersonintheUnitedStates?SomeonewillsayThomasJefferson,somewillsayWashingtonandIbelievemostpeoplewillsayit'sBenjaminFranklin.

Oftencalled"thefirstAmerican"and"thelastuniversalman",BenjaminFranklin'slifecoveredmostoftheeighteenthcentury--from1706to1790.HewasAmerica'sfirstgreatscientistandengineerandanauthorandphilosopherofrarewit.Hewasoneofthefirstsupportersofthefederalsystemofgovernmentandoneofthegreateducationalpioneersofhisday.Hewasasuccessfulbusinessman,abelieverinfreeenterprise,andastatesmananddiplomat.Hetrulyseemedabletodoalmosteverything.

Alwayscurious,Franklinlookedforeasierandbetterwaystodothings.Heinventedanopenstovewhichgavemoreheatandwastedlessfuelthanafireplace.Itisstillusedinmanyplacestoday.Healsomadethefirstpairofbifocalglassesandinventedamusicalinstrumentcalledtheharmonicaandthestepladderchair.

Franklinwasespeciallyfamousasanearlyexperimenterinelectricity.OnaJunedayin1752,duringathunderstorm,heflewasilkenkiteupintothestormysky.Asablackcloudsweptacrossthekite,akeyattachedtothekitestringbecamechargedwithelectricity.Thus,heprovedthatlightningandelectricityarethesame.Usingthisknowledge,heinventedthelightningrodwhichtodayprotectsmillionsofbuildingsfromlightning.

(27)

A.TheWorldWarII.

B.TheWorldWarI.

C.TheAmericanRevolution.

D.TheIndustrialRevolutionofBritain.

31.(32)

A.Advertisingtochildrenmuststop.

B.Aliberalviewinadvertisingisunprincipled.

C.Advertisingtochildrenmusthaveaclearpurpose.

D.Childrenmustbetreateddifferentlywhenadvertising.

32.【B8】

33.(28)

A.Sixorseventhousandyearsago.

B.Laterthancalligraphy.

C.Earlierthancalligraphy.

D.Earlierthanwhatweknow.

34.(29)

A.Shehastheabilitytoaffordonlyonetree'sremoval.

B.Shedoesn'twanthertreestoberemoved.

C.Shewillapplyforthestateandfederalloans.

D.Shethinksthattheplannersareinconsiderate.

35.

【B2】

36.(22)

A.Shehelpsthemanfixupthehouse.

B.Sheagreestosharethecostofrent.

C.Shedecidestolookforanotherplace.

D.Shepersuadesthemantochangeahouse.

37.听力原文：W:Anewspapersurveyjustrevealedthatlargecarsaremuchsafertodrivethanthesmallermodels.

M:Iknowthat.IwishnowthatIhadboughtabiggercar.

Q:Whatsizecarhadthemanprobablypurchased?

(15)

A.Asmallcar.

B.Atrailer.

C.Alargecar.

D.Asmallforeigncar.

38.(43)

39.

【B10】

40.(24)

A.Markthelatesthomeworkassignment.

B.Putacancellationnoticeontheclassroomdoor.

C.Makeanappointmentwiththedoctor.

D.Returnsomeexamstohisstudents.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

IndescribingWhiteasa"word-artist,"theauthormeansthatWhite______.

42.Recentstoriesinthenewspapersandmagazinessuggestthatteachingandresearchcontradicteachother,thatresearchplaystooprominentapartinacademicpromotions,andthatteachingisbadlyunderemphasized.Thereisanelementoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyalsoignoredeeperandmoreimportantrelationships.

Researchexperienceisanessentialelementofhearingandpromotionataresearchuniversitybecauseitistheemphasisonresearchthatdistinguishessuchauniversityfromanartscollege.Someprofessors,however,neglectteachingforresearchandthatpresentsaproblem.

Mostresearchuniversitiesrewardoutstandingteaching,butthegreatestrecognitionisusuallygiventoachievementsinresearch.Partofthereasonisthedifficultyofjudgingteaching.Ahighlyresponsibleandtoughprofessorisusuallyappreciatedbytopstudentswhowanttobechallengedbutdislikedbythosewhoserecordsarelessimpressive.Themildprofessorusuallygetshighoverallratings,butthereisasenseofdisappointmentonthepartofthebeststudents.Thus,auniversitytryingtopromoteprofessorsprimarilyonthebasisofteachingqualitieswouldhavetoconfrontthisconfusion.

Asmodernsciencemovesfaster,twoforcesareexertedonprofessors:oneisthetimeneededtokeepupwiththeprofession;theotheristhetimeneededtoteach.Thetrainingofnewscientistsrequiresoutstandingteachingattheresearchuniversityaswellastheartscollege.Althoughscientistsareusuallymadeintheelementaryschools,scientistscanbelostbypoorteachingatthecollegeandgraduateschoollevels.Thesolutionisnottoseparateteachingandresearchbuttorecognizethatthecombinationisdifficultbutvital.Itistimeforuniversitiestoreservethetitleofprofessorforthosewillingtoprofess,willingtobeanearnestpartofthecommunityofscholars.Professorsunwillingtoteachcanbecalled"distinguishedresearchinvestigators."orsomethingelse.

Thepaceofmodernsciencemakesitincreasinglydifficulttobeagreatresearcherandagreatteacher.Yetmanyaredescribedinjustthoseterms.Thosewhosaywecanseparateteachingandresearchsimplydonotunderstandthesystem,butthosewhosaytheproblemwilldisappeararenotfulfillingtheirresponsibilities.

Whatpointdoestheauthorintendtoputacrossinthefirstparagraph?

A.Teachingandresearcharetwocontradictoryfields.

B.Researchcanneverbeoveremphasized.

C.Therelationshipbetweenresearchandteachingshouldnotbesimplified.

D.Itisnotrighttooverestimatetheimportanceofteaching.

43.

Theauthorusestheexampleofamonkeytoarguethatrobotsare______.

A.expectedtocopyhumanbrainininternalstructure

B.abletoperceiveabnormalitiesimmediately

C.farlessablethanhumanbraininfocusingonrelevantinformation

D.bestusedinacontrolledenvironment

44.

ToknowinglyallowoneselftopursueunhealthyhabitsiscomparedbyFriesandCrapoto______.

45.ArecentcaseinAustraliashowshoweasilyfearcanfrustrateaninformant'sgoodintentions.InDecember,awomanwroteanonymouslytothecountry'santitrustwatchdog,theACCC,allegingthatheremployerwascolludingwithothersinbreachoftheTradePracticesAct.HerevidencewassufficienttosuggesttotheACCCthatfinesof10milliondollarscouldbeimposedon"alargecompany".Buttheagencyneededmoredetails.SojustbeforeChristmasitadvertisedextensivelytotryandpersuadethewomantocomeforwardagain.SomedayslaterherhusbandrangtheACCC,buthehungupbeforedisclosingvitalinformation.Nowtheagencyistryingtocontactthecoupleagain.

InAmerica,thereissomeevidencethattheeventsofSeptember11thhavemadepeoplemorepublic-spiritedandmoreinclinedtoblowthewhistle.TheGovernmentAccountabilityProject,aWashington-basedgroup,received27reproachesfrompotentialinformantsinthethreemonthsbeforeSeptember11th,and66inthethreemonthsafter.Manyofthesecomplaintswereaboutsecurityissues.TheyincludedaFederalAviationAdministrationemployeewhoclaimedthattheagencyhadrepeatedlyfailedtorespondtoknowncasesofsecurityviolationsatairports.

Legislationtogivegreaterprotectiontopeoplewhoexposecorporateorgovernmentmisbehavior.externally(afterhavingreceivednosatisfactioninternally)isbeingintroducedinanumberofcountries.InAmerica,itfocusesoninformantsamongfederalemployees.AccordingtoBillyGarde,alawyerwhowasamemberofBP'sAlaskainquiryteam,they"havelessrightsthanprisoners".AbillintroducedlastyearbySenatorDanielAkakatoimproveprotectionforthemiscurrentlystuckincongressionalcommittees.

InBritain,thePublicInterestDisclosureActcamefullyintoforcelastyear.DescribedbyoneAmericanas"themostfar-reachinginformantprotectionintheworld",ittreatsinformantsaswitnessesactinginthepublicinterest.Thisseparatesthemfrompeoplewhoaremerelypursuingapersonalgrievance.ButeveninBritain,theprotectionislimited.RupertWalker,afundmanager,wasfiredbyGovettInvestmentsinSeptember2001forexpressingconcernsintheFinancialTimesaboutagroupofpeopleofinvestmenttruststhatinvestineachother.

WhatdoestheauthormostprobablythinkaboutwhattheACCCdidtothewoman?

A.Inconsistent.

B.Disheartening.

C.Unreasonable.

D.Bureaucratic.

46.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Britishuniversities,groaningundertheburdenofahugeincreaseinstudentnumbers,arewarningthatthetraditionofafreeeducationisatrisk.Theuniversitieshavethreatenedtoimposeanadmissionfeeonstudentstoplugagapinrevenueifthegovernmentdoesnotacttoimprovetheirfinancesandscrapsomepublicspendingcutbacks.

Thegovernmentrespondedtotheuniversities'threatbysettingupthemostfundamentalreviewofhighereducationforageneration,underanon-partytroubleshooter(调停人),SirRonDearing.

Oneinthreeschoolleaversentershighereducation,fivetimesthenumberwhenthelastreviewtookplacethirtyyearsago.

Everyoneagreesasystemthatisfeelingthestrainafterrapidexpansionneedsalotmoremoney—butthereislittlehopeofgettingitfromthetaxpayerandnotmuchscopeforattractingmorefinancefrombusiness.

Mostcollegesbelievestudentsshouldcontributetotuitioncosts,somethingthatiscommonelsewhereintheworldbutwouldmarkarevolutionarychangeinBritain.Universitieswantthegovernmenttointroducealoanschemefortuitionfeesandhavesuspendedtheirownthreatenedactionfornow.TheyawaitDearing'sadvice,hopingitwillnotbetoolate--somearealreadyreportedtobeinfinancialdifficulty.

Asthecenturynearsitsend,thewholeconceptofwhatauniversityshouldbeisunderthemicroscope.

Expertswonderhowmuchtheycanusecomputersinsteadofclassrooms,talkoftheneedforlifelonglearningandrefertostudentsas"consumers."

TheConfederation(联盟)ofBritishIndustry,thekeyemployers'organization,wantsevenmoreexpansioninhighereducationtohelpfightcompetitiononworldmarketsfromboomingAsianeconomies.Butthegovernmenthasdoubtsaboutmoreexpansion.TheTimesnewspaperagrees,complainingchatqualityhassufferedasstudentnumberssoared,withclosetutorialsupervisiongivingwayto"massproductionmethodsmoretypicalofEuropeanuniversities.

ThechiefconcernofBritishuniversitiesis______.

A.howtotackletheirpresentfinancialdifficulty

B.howtoexpandtheenrollmenttomeettheneedsofenterprises

C.howtoimprovetheireducationaltechnology

D.howtoputanendtothecurrenttendencyofqualitydeterioration

47.

Whatisexceptionallyremarkableaboutachildisthat______.

A.heoweshisspeechabilitytogoodnursing

B.hehasabrainmorecomplexthanananimal's

C.hecanproducehisownsentences

D.heisbornwiththecapacitytospeak

48.

Thegoldstandardhadlimitedliquiditymostprobablybecause______.

A.themoneysupplycouldgrownofasterthanthesupplyofgold

B.itwasimpossibletoconvertthecurrencyfromcountryintoanother

C.themoneysupplyvariedindependentlytothegoldsupply

D.anation'scurrencycouldnotbefreelyconvertedintogold

49.

Inthemass-productionphilosophy,workersareusuallytrainedto______.

50.

Theauthorimpliedbutdidnotstatethatduringthe1920's______.

A.moviesweredevelopingintoanartisticform

B.movieswereusedforpropagandapurposes

C.theentirefilmindustrywasdominatedbyEuropeanmoviemakers

D.comediesandwesternsdidnotinspireanycultsorschoolsofesthetics

51.Telecommutingsubstitutingthecomputerforthetriptothejob--hasbeenhailedasasolutiontoallkindsofproblemsrelatedtoofficework.

Forworkersitpromisesfreedomfromtheoffice,lesstimewastedintraffic,andhelpwithchild-careconflicts.Formanagement,telecommutinghelpskeephighperformersonboard,minimizestardinessandabsenteeismbyeliminatingcommutes,allowsperiodsofsolitudeforhighconcentrationtasks,andprovidesschedulingflexibility.Insomeareas,suchasSouthernCaliforniaandSeattle,localgovernmentsareencouragingcompaniestostarttelecommutingprogramsinordertoreducerush-hourcongestionandimproveairquality.

Butthesebenefitsdonotcomeeasily.Makingatelecommutingprogramworkrequirescarefulplanningandanunderstandingofthedifferencesbetweentelecommutingrealitiesandpopularimages.

Manyworkersareseducedby