初中英语语法课件专题六形容词与副词

专题六形容词与副词一、形容词和副词的语法功能1.形容词的语法功能。功能说明例句定语名词前或不定代词后作定语①MrWangisafunny

teacher.王老师是一位有趣的老师。②Ihavesomething

importanttosay.我有重要的事情要说。表语系动词后作表语It’sverycoldtoday.今天非常冷。功能说明例句宾语补足语keep,make,leave等动词的宾语后作宾语补足语①Don’tkeepthewindowopen.别让窗户开着。②Aliceoftenmakesushappy.艾丽斯经常让我们高兴。2.副词的语法功能。作状语用来修饰形容词、副词,常位于被修饰词的前面;Billisverytall.比尔非常高。修饰动词时一般位于被修饰的动词之后Hejumpshigh.他跳得高。位于句首修饰整个句子Luckily,hewonthegame.幸运的是,他赢得了比赛。作定语一般位于被修饰词之后Theboythereneedsapen.那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。作表语放在系动词之后Imustbeoffnow.现在我必须离开了。【即学活用】1.Theboylooked____(sadness)becausehedidn’tpasshismathsexam.2.Mom,I’mvery______(thank)forallyourlove.3.Thestorybookisvery______(interest);I’mvery_____(interest)init.4.RunningManisapopularshowthesedays.Somewell-knownstarschallengethemselves_______(brave)tofinishallkindsoftasksinit.5.Ifelloffthebikeonmywaytoschool.______(luck),Iwasn’thurt.答案:1.sad

2.thankful

3.interesting;interested4.bravely

5.Luckily二、形容词与副词的变化规则变化规则示例一致fast;early;high;hard;late;far;wide直接加lycareful→carefully

quiet→quietlydifferent→differently变le为lypossible→possibly

terrible→terriblycomfortable→comfortably gentle→gentlysimple→simply变y为ilyeasy→easily

angry→angrilynoisy→noisily happy→happilyheavy→heavily healthy→healthily去e加lytrue→truly【即学活用】1.Look!Thechildrenareflyingkites__________(happy)ontheplayground.2.IwasverysadthatIdid__________(terrible)inthefinalexams.3.Thekidssat__________(quiet)listeningtotheirteacher.4.Iam__________(true)sorryaboutit.5.Itrained__________(heavy)lastnight.答案:1.happily

2.terribly

3.quietly

4.truly

5.heavily三、形容词和副词的级1.原级句型。句型例句(1)“as+形容词原级+as”,在否定句中用“notso...as”结构LucyisnotsotallasLily.露西不如莉莉高。(2)倍数+as+形容词原级+asOurschoolisthreetimesasbigastheirs.我们的学校是他们的三倍大。2.比较级句型。用法例句(1)双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级+than”结构ChinaislargerthanItaly.中国比意大利大。(2)用于“less+原级+than”(注意此结构不用于单音节词)Thebookislessinterestingthanthatone.这本书不如那本书有趣。(3)倍数+比较级+thanTheboxisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.这个箱子是那个的三倍大。用法例句(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”Ourcountryisbecomingstrongerandstronger.我们的国家正变得越来越强大。(5)“the+比较级……,the+比较级……”表示“越……,就越……”Themore,thebetter.多多益善。(6)the+比较级+ofthetwo+名词复数Thetallerofthetwoboysismybrother.两个男孩中,较高的那一个是我的哥哥。3.最高级句型。用法例句(1)the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.春天是一年中最好的季节。(2)“oneofthe+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”KobeisoneofthebestbasketballplayersinNBA.科比是NBA最好的篮球运动员之一。【温馨提示】(1)修饰比较级常用的词和短语主要有:much,even,any,yet,far,alot,alittle,abit,twice,fivetimes,manytimes等。例如:Areyoufeelinganybettertoday?你今天感觉好些了吗?HeistenyearsolderthanI.他比我大十岁。HespeaksChinesealotbetterthanbefore.他说中文比以前好多了。(2)比较级要避免与自身进行比较,若比较的对象属于同一范围要用“比较级+thananyother+单数名词”或“比较级+thananyone/anybody/anythingelse”表示“比其他的任何……都……”。例如:LinTaoistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.林涛比他班里的其他学生都高。Jackstudiesharderthananyoneelseinhisclass.杰克比班上其他的学生学习刻苦。【即学活用】1.Emmalookedafterherpetdog_______(careful)ofallherfriends.2.Ijumped________(high)thanBillinthesportsmeetlastyear.3.—Whosehomeis__________(far)fromschool,Alice’sorDaisy’s?—Alice’s,Ithink.4.—Whataclearbluesky!—Yes,Ihaveneverseena________(beautiful)sk