建筑英语智慧树知到答案章节测试2023年山东建筑大学

第一章测试RalphWaldoEmersonwasawellknownAmericanwriterandphilosopher.hesaidofGreekarchitectureasthefloweringofgeometry.Translated,EmersonwasreferringtoelaborationoftheGreekarchitectureanditsmasteryoforder.

A:错

B:对

答案:AJohnRuskin,aBritishauthor,poetandartistsaidofarchitecture:thatthemeresightofit,maycontributetohismentalhealth,powerandpleasure.Inotherwords,architectureisaninspirationand__________.

A:construction

B:rehabilitation

C:ambition

D:innovation

答案:DWiththesefundamental_________ofarchitecture,wecanmakeadesignedcup,spoonorteakettle,wecandesignaflowofinformationonawebsite,wecanfigureoutaplanfororganizingspace,wecanhaveaman-madebuildingforstructureorwecanaccomplishadesignforcity,town,parkorlandscape.

A:conservations

B:principles

C:creations

D:imaginations

答案:BThebooknamedTenBooksonArchitectureisadirect,anddetailedintroductionofarchitecturefrom________,toarchitecturalstyle,columnsandordersaswellasengineeringandmachinery.

A:thecitysiteselection

B:variousbuildingdesignprinciples

C:thegeneraltheory

D:architecturaleducation

答案:ABCDVitruviuswastheonewho,inventedtheideathatallbuildingsshouldhavethreeattributesofarchitecture:_______________.

A:creation

B:beauty

C:strength

D:utility

答案:BCDTheAncientGreeksadopted

themodularconceptintheirarchitecturesystems,accordingtotheproportionsoftheClassicalOrder.Translatetheterm”theproportionsoftheClassicalOrder”intoChinese.

A:古典秩序比例

B:古代柱式比例

C:古典柱式比例

D:古代秩序比例

答案:AIchnographyismadebythepropersuccessiveproportions,throughwhichwegetoutlinesfortheplansurfacesofbuildings.

A:对

B:错

答案:AOrthographyisapictureofthefrontofabuilding,setuprightandproperlydrawnintheproportionsofthefuturework.Translatetheterm“orthography”intoChinese.

A:平面图

B:正视图

C:配景图

D:透视图

答案:B_______orperspectiveisthemethodofsketchingafrontwiththesides,withdrawingintothebackgroundandthelineswouldallmeetinthecenterofacircle

A:Orthography

B:Scenography

C:Inchnography

D:Groundplan

答案:BEconomyprincipleofarchitecture:（1）Thepropermanagementofmaterialsandofsite;abalanceofcostandcommonsense.（2）Differentkindsofdwellingsshouldbesuitablefordifferenthouseholders.

A:对

B:错

答案:A第二章测试Selectionofappropriatematerialsandtechnologymustbeconsidered,testedandreviewedatanearlystageinthedesigntoensuretherearenosetbackswhichmayoccurlater.

A:对

B:错

答案:AWhichsoftwareisoneoftheeasiestprogramstounderstandbutitssimplicityalsomeansthatithaslimitedrenderingcapabilities?

A:SketchUp

B:Revit

C:

3DStudioMax

D:Autocad

答案:AWhichsoftwareissimplythebestforrealisticvisualization?

A:

3DStudioMax

B:V-Ray

C:Revit

D:SketchUp

答案:BWhichsoftwareisahigh-qualityimageproducingsoftware,perfectforfinalrenderingsandtouch-ups?

A:

3DStudioMax

B:Photoshop

C:V-Ray

D:Revit

答案:BWhichprizeissaidtobeawarded”irrespectiveofnationality,race,creedorideology”?

A:AgaKhanAwardforArchitecture

B:PritzkerArchitecturePrize

C:RIBA

D:AIAGoldMedal

答案:BWhichseekstoidentifyandencouragearchitecturalconceptsinthefieldsofcommunitydevelopment,areaconservation,contemporarydesign,preservationoftheenvironment

andlandscapedesign?

A:RIBA

B:AgaKhanAwardforArchitecture

C:AIAGoldMedal

D:PritzkerArchitecturePrize

答案:BArchitectsarenotjustinvolvedinthedesignofabuilding.Asaprofessional,theyarealsoresponsibleforpublicsafetyandoverseeingofprojects.

A:对

B:错

答案:AThespecwriter’sjobistomakesurethatthemanycomponentsofabuildingfitandworktogether.

A:对

B:错

答案:ARIBAisthe

highestannualhonorawardedby

theAmericanInstituteofArchitects.

A:错

B:对

答案:AWhichhonorsanarchitect(orgroupofarchitects)havingdistinguishedthemselvesthroughtheirworkandprofessionalpracticebythequalityofservicesrenderedtomanandsociety?

A:AIAGoldMedal

B:AgaKhanAwardforArchitecture

C:UIAGoldMedal

D:PritzkerArchitecturePrize

答案:C第三章测试Civilengineeringistheapplicationofphysicalandscientificprinciples,anditshistoryisintricatelylinkedtoadvancesinunderstandingofphysicsandmathematicsthroughouthistory.

A:错

B:对

答案:BNotallmaterialsusedinarchitecturalstructuresbehaveelasticallywithinacertaindefinedrangeofloading.

A:对

B:错

答案:BTheelasticmodules,isameasureoftheresistanceofamaterialtodeformationunderload.

A:错

B:对

答案:BConcretecanbemadestrongerundertensionbyaddingmetalrods,wires,meshorcablestothecomposite.

A:对

B:错

答案:AMasonrywallsbecomeunstableatrelativelysmallheights.

A:错

B:对

答案:BThepropertiesoftimberarenon-linearandveryvariable,dependingonthequality,treatmentofwood,andtypeofwoodsupplied.

A:错

B:对

答案:BPeopleknowonwhatprincipleLiChunmadeZhaozhouBridge.

A:对

B:错

答案:BWhichplaceisthemost-visitedpaidmonumentintheworld?

A:GreatWall

B:Pyramids

C:UnitedStatesCapitol

D:EiffelTower

答案:DIftheloadingisincreasedaboveacertaindefinedrange,brittleandplasticcanoccur.

A:对

B:错

答案:AStructuralsteelisavailableinstandardshapessuchare______.

A:C-channels

B:Ibeams

C:Angles

D:Allthechoices

答案:D第四章测试Costestimationforaprojectaimstoprovidetheanswerstoarangeofquestions,includingthefollowing:

A:Whatistheriskandhowmuchmoneyshouldbeheldinreserve?

B:Whatiscostofthesingleunit?

C:Howmanymoneydoesthetotalprojectcost?

D:Howmuchprofitcanbemade?

E:Arethesubcontractorsaskingforareasonableprice?

F:Howmuchmoneydoweneedandwhen?

答案:ABCDEFAcostestimateestablishesthebaselineoftheprojectcostatdifferentstagesofdevelopmentoftheproject.

A:对

B:错

答案:AInmicroeconomics,therelationshipbetweentheoutputofaprocessandthenecessaryresourcesisreferredtoastheproductionfunction.

A:对

B:错

答案:AAproductionfunctionrelatestheamountorvolumeofoutputtothevariousinputsoflabor,materialandequipment.

A:对

B:错

答案:AIdeally,theallocationofjointcostsshouldbecausallyrelatedtothecategoryofbasiccostsinanallocationprocess.Inmanyinstances,however,acausalrelationshipbetweentheallocationfactorandthecostitemcannotbeidentifiedormaynotexist.

A:错

B:对

答案:BInconstruction,whichmaybeexpressedbytherelationshipbetweenthevolumeofconstructionandafactorofproductionsuchaslabororcapital?

A:Allocationofjointcosts

B:Empiricalcostinference

C:Unitcostofbillofquantities.

D:Productionfunction

答案:DThebasicideainallocationofjointcostsisthateachexpenditureitemcanbeassignedtoparticularcharacteristicoftheoperation.

A:错

B:对

答案:BTherelationshipbetweenthesizeofabuildingproject(expressedinsquarefeet)totheinputlabor(expressedinlaborhourspersquarefoot)isanexampleof______forconstruction.

A:Empiricalcostinference

B:Productionfunction

C:Unitcostofbillofquantities.

D:Allocationofjointcosts

答案:BAttheveryearlystage,______isusuallymadebeforethefacilityisdesigned,andmustthereforerelyonthecostdataofsimilarfacilitiesbuiltinthepast.

答案:B______ismadewhenthescopeofworkisclearlydefinedandthedetaileddesignisinprogresssothattheessentialfeaturesofthefacilityareidentifiable

答案:C第五章测试在国际工程中，应用最广泛的就是国际咨询工程师联合会(FIDIC)编制的各类合同条件。

A:对

B:错

答案:A国际工程中的保函有______。

A:履约担保(SuretyBond)

B:母公司担保(ParentCompanyGuarantee/Bond)

C:支付保函(PaymentGuarantee)

D:预付款保函(BankGuaranteeforAdvancePayment)

E:履约保函(BankPerformanceGuarantee)

答案:ABCDE起草国际工程信函文件的人员应具备以下条件：

A:各选项都是

B:精通英文，尤其是具有英文写作能力

C:有一’定的技术基础

D:熟悉合同文件，具有合同管理的能力

答案:A在公开招标方式下，业主通常在国际有关知名报刊上发布招标广告，并且要进行资格预审。

A:对

B:错

答案:A即使发现某一投标书有问题，业主/工程师也不可以邀请投标者澄清或确认。

A:错

B:对

答案:A如果业主决定采用国际公开招标，就必须发布招标广告。

A:错

B:对

答案:Bbid与tender的用法相近，在大部分情况下可以相互替换。tender常见于英国、国际咨询工程师联合会(FIDIC)编制的工程合同文件中，bid常见于世界银行、美国等国家编制的工程合同文件中，但在实践中，这两个词常常混用。

A:错

B:对

答案:B在承包商投标前，为澄清投标者在编标时的疑问，通常业主会召集投标者开一个标前会议，常常伴随着现场考察。

A:对

B:错

答案:AProjectmanager在我国和国外均指承包商的项目负责人。

A:对

B:错

答案:B中标通知书，也称为中标函，是在评标结束后业主/工程师通知投标者的一封信函。

A:对

B:错

答案:A第六章测试ThebasiccharacteristicsofChineseancientarchitecturesystem?

A:FacadeColumns

B:apitchedroof

C:anintermediateset

D:araisedplatform

答案:BDTheimmediatefunctionofraisingtheroofedgesistopermitlighttopenetratetotheinteriorofthebuilding.

A:对

B:错

答案:ATwogrammarbooksofChineseancientarchitectureare《营造法式》_《工程做法则例》

A:对

B:错

答案:AwhatisthemostcompletebookofarchitecturaltechnologyinancientChina

A:《营造法式》

B:《建筑条例》

C:《建筑示例》

D:《工程做法则例》

答案:A砖石建筑的英文翻译：stonemasonry

A:对

B:错

答案:A雕饰的英文翻译：ornamentalcarving

A:错

B:对

答案:B立柱的英文翻译：FacadeColumns

A:对

B:错

答案:AWhycanChineseancientarchitecturesystembekeptforthousandsyears?

A:flexibility

B:roofs

C:adaptability

D:columns

答案:ACThetou-kungplaystheleadingroleinChinesebuilding.

A:对

B:错

答案:A第七章测试WhataretheperiodsofthewoodenarchitectureinChina?

A:ThePeriodofVigor

B:ThePeriodofelegance

C:ThePeriodoffreshness

D:ThePeriodofrigidity

答案:ABDTheoldestwoodenstructureis佛光寺________

A:对

B:错

答案:Arigorousandrobustproportions___isthefeatureofFoguangtemple.

A:错

B:对

答案:BThePeriodofVigorisinTangdynasty.

A:错

B:对

答案:AWhatcanbefoundinFoguangtemple?

A:painting

B:sculpture

C:platform

D:calligraphy

答案:ABD屋檐的英文翻译：eave

A:错

B:对

答案:B瓷砖的英文翻译：tile

A:对

B:错

答案:A柱顶过梁的英文翻译：architrave

A:对

B:错

答案:A补间铺作的英文翻译：intermediateset

A:对

B:错

答案:A_diminution__isthechangeofTougongintheeleganceperiod.

A:错

B:对

答案:B第八章测试Ittakeslongtimeformasonrypagodatotakeplaceofwoodenpagoda

A:错

B:对

答案:Amulti一storiedtowersurmountedbyapileofmetaldiscs_isthefeatureoftheChinesepagoda.

A:错

B:对

答案:BWhataretheperiodsofChinesepagoda?

A:simplicity

B:variety

C:skill

D:elaboration

答案:ABD_应县木塔isthetallestandoldestexistingwoodentowerinChina.

A:对

B:错

答案:A_Thesquareplanandtheone-cellhollowconstructionisthemostprominentcharacteristicsofThePeriodofSimplicity.

A:错

B:对

答案:BOne一storiedPagodasissmall.

A:错

B:对

答案:B“九顶塔”isthatninesmallsquaremulti-eavedpagodasareclusteredontopofanoctagonalone-storiedpagoda

A:错

B:对

答案:B壁柱的英文翻译:pilaster

A:错

B:对

答案:BTheoctagonalplanbecamethenorm,thesquareplantheexceptioninThePeriodofElaboration.

A:错

B:对

答案:BComparedtotheirnortherncounterparts，southernstylearecharacterizedbyamarkedslendernessingeneralproportion

A:错

B:对

答案:B第九章测试TheearliestbridgesinChinaismadeofstone.

A:对

B:错

答案:B拱桥的英文翻译:spandrelbridge

A:对

B:错

答案:ABridgedesignbecamestandardizedintheMingdynasty.

A:错

B:对

答案:ATheearliestbridgesinChinawerepontoonbridgesusedforcrossingwiderivers.

A:对

B:错

答案:AItwasnotuntilthe3rdcenturyA.D.,thatthefirstarchedbridgewasrecordedinliterature.

A:错

B:对

答案:ATheoldestarchedbridgeinChinatodayistheAn-chiCh‘iao

A:错

B:对

答案:BtheAn-chiCh‘iaowasbulitinTangdynasty.

A:对

B:错

答案:BTheprincipalarchofAn-chibridgiscomposedoftwenty-nineseparatestringsofarches

A:对

B:错

答案:BtheLittleStoneBridgewasbuiltbyLichun.

A:错

B:对

答案:AtheLu-kouCh’iaowasbulitinSongdynasty.

A:错

B:对

答案:A第十章测试JosephofEgyptapriest,healer,andanarchitectwasthedesignerofthefirsteverEgyptianpyramidstandingat1776feetinheight.

A:对

B:错

答案:BThe92-feethighPyramidofKhafrewasdevelopedbutendedupbecauseofitsconstructionflaws.whichpartlycollapsedwhileitwasbeingbuilt.

A:错

B:对

答案:AIfonedividestheperimeterofPyramidbyitsheight,

one

obtains

a

closeapproximationto__________.

A:1.5PI

B:PI

C:3PI

D:2PI

答案:DTheentranceoftheEgyptaintemplewashighlightedby_______whichtowereduptobeabout40metershigh.

A:sphinxes

B:hypostylehalls

C:thesanctuary

D:pylons

答案:DDipteraltemplesisadoublerowofcolumnssurroundthebuilding.

A:对

B:错

答案:AAmphiprostyletemplehascolumnsatboththefrontandtherear.

A:对

B:错

答案:ATheinnerbuildingofParthenonisalongrectangle,comprising3roomsthatshareasolidwall,includingalargerroomand2smallerroom.

A:错

B:对

答案:AAhorizontalpartinclassicalarchitecturethatrestsonthecolumnsandconsistsofarchitrave，friezeandcornice.Translatetheterm“cornice”intoChinese.

A:柱头

B:中楣

C:中檐

D:檐口

答案:DInDoricOrder,thecolumnshaftissimpleandtapered,meaningitiswideratthebasethanthetop.Eachcolumnhas20parallel,verticalgroovescalled_______.

A:friezes

B:capitals

C:flutings

D:columns

答案:CThetopcenterstoneofthearchiscalledthekeystone,isthelastblocktobeinserted.Translatetheterm“keystone”intoChinese.

A:拱顶石

B:拱券石

C:钥匙石

D:楔形拱石

答案:A第十一章测试SquinchesandPendentives:areArchitecturalsupportsthatbridgethedifferencebetweenasquareroomandthecurveddomethatrisesaboveit.Translatetheterm“squinch”intoChinese.

A:突角拱

B:穹隅

C:角拱

D:棱拱

答案:ASquinchesandPendentives:areArchitecturalsupportsthatbridgethedifferencebetweenasquareroomandthecurveddomethatrisesaboveit.Translatetheterm“pendentive”intoChinese.

A:棱拱

B:穹隅

C:角拱

D:突角拱

答案:BtheDurhamchurchisrelativelydarkasmostRomanesquechurcheshaverathersmallclerestory.Andinterestinglythosewindowsareslightlyinset.

A:错

B:对

答案:BThisredirectionofforcefromahorizontaltoamoreverticalplaneisoneofthecharacteristicsofByzintinearchitecture.

A:对

B:错

答案:BAvaultisessentiallyanextended_______madeofmasonryusedtoroofabuilding.

A:dome

B:arch

C:pier

D:fluting

答案:BInearlyvaultedbuildings,thebasearchwasthestandardsemicirculararch.Thentherecamebarrelvault.Itwasveryheavy,anditsstresslinestendedtopushoutthewallsofthebuilding.Translatetheterm”barrelvault”intoChinese.

A:棱拱

B:筒拱

C:尖拱

D:圆拱

答案:BGroinvaultcouldredirecttheweightofthevaulttoafewpointsinsteadofhavingitspreadtheentirewall.Translatetheterm”groinvault”intoChinese.

A:棱拱

B:尖拱

C:圆拱

D:筒拱

答案:AVictorianarchitectureisn’tlimitedtoonespecificstyle.Instead,it’sabroadtermthatdescribesthemanydifferentstylesthatemergedduringVictoria’s65yearsasqueen.

A:对

B:错

答案:ATheuseofthreedimensionalwoodtrimcalled________wasanAmericaninnovationmadepossiblebythetechnologicaladvancesinthemassproductionofwoodtrimsandtheeaseofimprovedrailroadtransport.Translatetheterm“spindlework”intoChinese.

A:cornertower

B:spindlework

C:extensiveporch

D:steeproof

答案:BUnlikeByzantinearchitecture,RomanesquemovementtookoffindependentlyinavarietyofplacesfromItalytoEngland,eachwithitsownuniqueform.

A:错

B:对

答案:B第十二章测试Muchstrongerandmorelight-weightedthaniron,metalframingnotonlymeantbuildingscouldbemuchtaller,butwindowsopeningscouldalsobemuchlarger.

A:对

B:错

答案:AMetalFramingbecomeoneofessentialcharacteristicsof_______,afamousschoolinthehistoryofmodernarchitecture.

A:BrutalistSchool

B:ChicagoSchool

C:VictorianSchool

D:GothicSchool

答案:BShinyglasstowers,oneofthemostcommonmodernarchitecturalstyles,popupacrosscitiesskylinesthroughoutmostofthe______.Modernarchitecturebegantoshapethelivesofeverydaypeople.

A:1870s-1900s

B:1900s-1910s

C:1950s-1960

D:1800s-1860s

答案:CAmericanarchitectLouisSullivanpublishedhisfamousmodernconcept“FunctionFollowsForm”whichwouldgoontoinfluencegenerationsofarchitectsanddesigners.

A:对

B:错

答案:BModernconcreteblendsarereinforcedwithsteelfibersand__________forstrengthandtopreventcracking.

A:waterreducingpolymers

B:watercondesationpolymers

C:watertower

D:waterreducingfibers

答案:A_________isatypicalsubstructure.Itconsistsofcolumn,ironplate,steelbeamsandconcretepad.

A:SpreadFooting

B:Aerodynamicresistance

C:Pile

D:Narrowedfoundation

答案:ATopreventthewindonthetoprockingtower,manyskyscrapersemploytheTunedMassDamper.Translatetheterm“TunedMassDamper”intoChinese.

A:空气动力阻尼器

B:风力阻尼器

C:调谐质块阻尼器

D:调节阻尼器

答案:CAdefiningprincipleofbrutalismisanobviousfocusonarchitecturalstyleitselfandattentiononthesculpturalform.

A:错

B:对

答案:ABrutalismwasatermappliedtothearchitecturalstyleofexposedroughconcreteandlargemodernistblockforms,whichstartedinthe1950sandflourishedinthenext20years.

A:对

B:错

答案:ATheTaipei101,forinstance,hassuspendeda________abovethe87thfloor.Whenwindmovesthebuilding,thisorbswaysintoaction,absorbingthebuilding’sswayingenergy.

A:steelfiber

B:metalorb

C:speadfooting

D:waterreducingpolymers

答案:B第十三章测试TheGoldenrulesforarchitecturalheritageconservationrefertothefollowing:1.Theminimumeffectiveactionisalwaysthebest.2.Theconservationshouldbereversibleanddoesnotprohibitpossiblefutureinterventions.

A:错

B:对

答案:BReconstructionofhistoricarchitecturareferstotheactorprocessofdepicting,bymeansofnewconstruction,theform,features,anddetailingof_____________orobjectforthepurposeofreplicatingitsappearanceataspecificperiodoftimeandinitshistoriclocation.

A:structure

B:non-survivingsite

C:building

D:landscape

答案:ABCDWoodshingleswerenotpopularinallperiodsofwesternbuildinghistory.Thesizeandshapeoftheshinglesaswellasthedetailingoftheshingleroofdifferaccordingtoregionalcraftpractices.

A:错

B:对

答案:A_________,terneplateandgalvanizediron,arethecommonlyusedmetalroofingmaterials.

A:tinplate

B:Lead

C:copper

D:zinc

答案:ABCDInvaryingdegrees,eachofthesesheetmetalsarelikelytodeterioratefromchemicalactions,suchas_______________.

A:acidsfromlichen

ormosses

B:airbornepollutants

C:acidrainwater

D:corrosion

答案:ABCAphysicalinvestigationoftheroofinganditsstructuremayrevealinformationabouttheroof’sconstructionhistory.

A:错

B:对

答案:BSpecialroofingmaterials,suchas__________,canbeproducedbymanufacturersofrelatedproductsthatarecommonlyusedelsewhereontheexteriororinteriorofastructure.

A:metalshingles

B:concretes

C:tiles

D:granites

答案:ACInancientbuildings,woodshingles,muchwiderthanabout6cm,wouldbesplitwhenwalkedon,ortheymaycurlorcrackfromvaryingtemperatureandmoisture.

A:对

B:错

答案:ADuringthestabilizationprocess,manyremainsoftheoldAstleycastlearefoundintheruinsincludingtheoldstonestepsfromstaircaseandsomepiecesof__________fromthedemolishedoldchurchandcuriouslittlestonemasonmarks.

A:windowtracery

B:windowtrim

C:stainlessglass

D:woodencornice

答案:ASt.

Paul’sCathedral,consideredthemotherchurchofLondon,wasseverelydamagedintheGreatFireofLondonin1666.Thereconstructiontook________years,partlyduetothechallengeingettingsuppliesofPortlandstone.

A:35

B:33

C:30

D:28

答案:B第十四章测试TherearethreeentrancesinthesouthwestoftheoldvillalocatedinShandongJianzhuUniversity.Thefoundationbelowthewaistlineismadebyregular________,andthewallismadebyredbrick.WhileThewindowsillismadebycarvedblueslate.

A:granite

B:bluestone

C:tile

D:concrete

答案:BAt11:00PMonMarch1,2009,________composedbyloadingequipmentandatractorunit,withitsownpowerplantand128wheels,wasusedtomovethe320tonsoldvillatoitsnewhomethecampusofShandongJianzhuUniversity.

A:thelargehydraulicflattrailer

B:tractortrailer

C:waterreducingpolymers

D:tunedmasstamper

答案:ARailwayculturalelements,suchasplatform,railwaytrack,railwaystationandarailwaythememuseumarebuiltaroundthegreentrainrestaurantofShandongJianzhuUniversiyt,makingpeopleupclosetotherailwayculture.

A:对

B:错

答案:AThetermindustrialheritagecoversplacesusedforsocialactivitiesrelatedtoindustrysuchashousing,museums,folkdwellingsamongotherstructureswithvaluesfromavarietyoffieldsinordertohighlighttheinterdisciplinarycharacterofindustrialheritage.

A:对

B:错

答案:BThetrainrestaurantinShandongJianzhuUniversityisnotonlyarestaurant,buttheculturalrecyclingtoourindustrialheritagetourism.

A:对

B:错

答案:AIn_________,Jinanofficiallyopeneditscommercialport.

A:1914

B:1903

C:1913

D:1904

答案:DBytheendoftheQingdynasty,theurbanpopulationofJinanhadgrownto250,000.By1948,theconicalshapeoftheprovincialcapitalhadbeenbasicallyformed.

A:对

B:错

答案:AThecellaroforiginalyChangyuwinecompanybuildingwasbuilt7metersunderground,1meterbelowsealevel,withconstant________forwinestorage.

A:tempera