设计说明书三二

设计说明书摘要:科研楼结构体系充分考虑建筑的灵活性、可变性和使用性的要求，结合现代感，采用钢筋混凝土框架结构体系。在7度抗震设防条件下，建筑高度超过30m的采用二级抗震等级。建筑采用一幢楼，采用上下分区，一至三层为办公楼，四至十一层为实验室，建筑采用内廊式，建筑平面呈经典的“一字型”布置。根据整个建筑平面布置的特点及功能要求使各单元平面布置满足基本规则，刚度较均匀对称，较好的解决了平面在地震作用下易产生应力集中并形成结构薄弱部位的问题。关键词:钢筋混凝土框架结构玻璃幕墙环境现代感该科研综合楼坐落于某高校校园内，本设计规划地块现状呈矩形，长约95米，宽约60米，地势高差较小。地块东侧、南侧为校园干道，北侧为化工楼，该科研楼建筑面积10057平方米左右。方案构思：因为该设计楼使位于校园内的科研性综合楼，所以设计上应充分考虑：第一适合科学研究的实验环境。第二应满足行政办公要求。以下从建筑和结果两方面分别说明方案设计:建筑方案设计:整个建筑设计突出了“适用、和谐、现代感”的特点，科研楼整体建筑风格为即庄严又具时代感的综合性大楼，楼高11层，一至三层主要为办公室，四至十一层主要为实验室，每层均设休息室，体现了建筑的人性化。建筑与周围环境融合，四周绿树成荫，绿草茵茵。鉴于规划用地呈长条型的特点，建筑主体采用经典的”一字型”布局，采用对称布置。在正立面又有高度上的建筑变化，一至三层每隔3.9米有柱子外突，庄重大方，四层以上呈微弧形的大片玻璃幕墙，在弧形的简单、明确的大体量上，立面取对称、大面积方格网式构图，建筑显得庄重大方，而大楼另一亮点则是两侧呈将近45度的玻璃幕墙椭圆形楼梯的托出，为整座建筑添加了生气。起到了画龙点睛的效果。具有科研综合楼的特点和现代感。建筑构图简洁，各部比例、尺度合宜。在注重立面造型的同时，更重视内部平面空间的分割，使布局合理，功能分区明确、严谨，方便使用管理。主入口处将近7米高全玻璃门厅丰富了立面和活跃了空间，进入宽敞的门厅给人以舒适、气派的感觉。分区采用上下分区，将办公室和实验室有机的分开，为实验研究营造了一个较为安静的环境。而大片微弧形玻璃幕墙、一至三楼外突的柱群及两侧突出的椭圆形楼梯使大楼具有较强的立体感，形成良好的视觉效果。平面空间采用长条形内廊结构，使每间办公室和实验室获得了充足的自然采光和通凤。注重联系，平面简洁，使用功能分区合理。采光通风良好，主楼梯外墙楼梯采用双层玻璃幕墙，使整体建筑更具现代气息，同时透明玻璃幕墙增加立面感光效果。在总平面上，将入口布置在长向的南侧校园干道上，使出入口布置大气，体现学术研究气息。将车位与建筑良好结合在一起。消防车道便于车辆通行，学术报告厅位于总平面的右上方，与科研综合楼及停车位有机的结合。在左上方右布置羽毛球场，以便师生能在办公、学习、研究后能很好的放松。建筑创作不同于纯艺术创作（如绘图、雕塑等），一件成功的艺术作品能表达主题思想，而建筑创作作为一个特殊的艺术，它是物质、精神、技术和艺术，形式及内容多元的结合。作为新世纪的一所大学校园的科研综合楼，不仅要体现出校园学术风格，也要体现出现代感。在这次设计中，充分考虑了以上两点。没有采用千遍一律的建筑形象，也没有片面追求形式的奇特建筑，在设计中十分重视建筑的得体。主要经济技术指标：用地面积:5700平方米总建筑面积:10057平方米容积率:176%密度:15.6%绿地面积:2376平方米绿地率:41.7%停车面积:366平方米停车数量:20辆结构方案设计:1结构体系的选择和布置科研楼结构体系充分考虑建筑的灵活性、可变性和使用性的要求，结合现代感，采用钢筋混凝土框架结构体系。在7度抗震设防条件下，建筑高度超过30m的采用二级抗震等级。建筑采用一幢楼，采用上下分区，一至三层为办公楼，四至十一层为实验室，建筑采用内廊式，建筑平面呈经典的“一字型”布置。根据整个建筑平面布置的特点及功能要求使各单元平面布置满足基本规则，刚度较均匀对称，较好的解决了平面在地震作用下易产生应力集中并形成结构薄弱部位的问题。在布置结构体系时，本高层科研综合楼的柱网布置较为规则。柱距也比较统一，主要时3.9米框架计算是用计算机电算程序TBSA进行计算和内力分析的。在计算过程中输入几何尺寸、荷载信息。自动生成计算结果后再进行适当调整，考虑某些因素对结构的影响，使结构更加合理。对于出现错误（构件变红色）提示的处理，轴压比大于0.8时（框架二级抗震等级柱轴压比限值为0.8）应该首先检查荷载的输入情况是否有误，如无误应适当增加柱截面，变截面处还应该注意轴压比的变化，如梁出现红色错误提示，需要检查其抗弯与抗扭两个方面，分别可以通过增大梁高和梁宽来解决。2结构内力分析手算部分包括楼盖设计、楼梯设计、和基础设计。楼盖部分采用主次梁形式楼盖，在楼板的计算中，最重要的要考虑各板的四边支承情况，除了一般的边角区格的情况外，还考虑跨差超过80%的板交界边对于长跨板跨中弯矩计算时应按简支考虑，而对于支座弯矩的计算，取四边均为固定边计算偏为安全等等注意事项。3基础设计基础根据工程地质、水文地质条件、建筑体型、结构类型、荷载大小的布置以及施工条件等进行综合考虑，所以使用的使桩基础。以中砂夹薄淤泥作为持力层，桩低深入持力层1.5m。锁选用的桩型为预应力混凝土管桩PHC-110-400和PHC-100-300,有直径为400的三桩承台和两桩承台，以及直径为300的两桩承台。承台两个方向都设置了联系梁，加强承台之间稳定性以及整体性。报告厅层数一层，高度为6m，荷载较小，采用柱下条形基础（计算书内只涉及主楼部分）。总结:经过将近一个学期的毕业设计（包括毕业设计调研），我们在建筑和结构上经行了设计，使自己原先比较模糊的设计概念有了清晰的认识。毕业设计是大学本科教育培养目标实现的重要阶段，是毕业前的综合学习阶段,是深化、拓宽、综合大学四年所学知识的重要过程,是对大学期间所学专业知识的全面总结。在设计过程中，运到了较多的问题，所以要找出以前的书本不断温习，如基础设计，结构力学，钢筋混凝土等，同时我们也知道了查阅规范对我们设计的重要性，让我们明白了依据规范进行设计的重要性。我借阅了《抗震规范》、《混凝土规范》、《荷载规范》等规范。遇到设计难点，重点，以及有争议的地方，我积极征求老师的意见，,查阅规范，不断的调整，通过所学的基本理论、专业知识和基本技能进行建筑、结构设计，使自己设计的建筑和结构圆满的完成了任务，通过本次毕业设计，我查阅资料、设计计算、论文撰写以及外文的翻译，加深了对新规范、规程、手册等相关内容的理解。巩固了专业知识、提高了综合分析、解决问题的能力。在绘图时熟练掌握了AutoCAD，探索者，TBSA,PKPM，天正等软件的使用。以上所有这些从不同方面达到了毕业设计的目的与要求。致谢：本次毕业设计能够顺利完成，得到了许多老师的悉心指导和帮组，在次表示衷心的感谢。DesignspecificationAbstract:Ithasfullyconsideredtherequirementofflexibility,variabilityandavailabilityindesigningthisscientificresearchcomplexstructuresystem,combinedcontemporaryandadoptedreinforcedconcerteframestructuresystem.Inconditionsofsevendegreeearthquake,constructionswhoseheightsaremorethan30metersemployTwoAnti-seismicRating.ArchitectureuseaflatandDivisionfromtoptobottom,onetothreefloorareofficebuildings,fourtothefloorarelaboratory,Architectureusethegallery-style,thelayoutofconstructionplaneisshapedasclassicalrectangular.Accordingtothecomplexlayoutfeaturesandfunctionsrequirementsofbuilding,itmakesthemoduleplanlayoutbasicallyregular,thestiffnessissymmetrical,whichperfectlyimprovesthesituationthatcomplexplanesareeasytoproducestressconcertrationinearthquakeandformthestructureweakparts.Keywords:reinforcedconcreteframestructure;glasscurtainwall;environment;modernThescientificresearchingcomplexisLocatedinauniversitycampus,thedesigninglandisarectangularblockwithalengthof95metersandwidthof60meters,whoseterrainelevationdifferenceissmall.Theeastandsouthofblockisthemainroadsofcampus,andthenorthistheChemicalHouse.Theconstructionacreageofthisscientificreseachingcomplexisabout10057squaremeters.Inthisprogramitisconceivdasfollows:Asthedesigningbuildingisascientificresearchingcomplexlocatedwithinthecampus,itshouldbeconsideredcarefullyonsuitableforscientificresearch.Secondly,itshouldmeettherequirementsoftheexecutiveoffice.Thisspecificationwouldintroducethedesignofthisprojectfromtwoaspectsofarchitectureandstructure.ArchitectureProgramDesignTheentirearchitecturalhighlightsthefeatureof“Applicable,harmonious,contemporary”.ThearchitecturalstyleofthisscientificresearchingcomplexisaSolemnandasenseofthetimescomprehensivebuilding,whichhave11floors,onetothreemainoffices,4-10foramajorlaboratory,therewillbealoungeoneachfloor,reflectstheconstructionofhumanity.Architectureisintegrationwiththearoudenvironment,whichissurroudedbyhightreesandgreengrass.Inviewofthedesigninglandisarectangularblock,ThemainbuildingusetheClassicalLayoutoftheChinesecharacter“一字型”andAsymmetricallayout.Inelevationthereisahighdegreeofconstructiononthechanges,onetothreefloorevery3.9metershavePillarsofsudden,solemngenerous,morethanafour-storyisshapedMicro-arcofalargeglasswalls,curvedinasimple,clearthewholequantityAndelevationforsymmetry,thelargeareaofGrid-composition.chitecturalissolemngenerous,andtheanotherbrightspotofthebuildingisnearly45degreesoneithersideoftheglasswallsoftheoval-shapedstaircasetocareforthewholebuildingaddedangry.Theeffecthasplayedafinishingtouch.ithavetheCharacteristicsandmodernofscientificresearchingcompex.ChitecturalCompositionisConcise,theproportionandtheScaleisappropriate.Whilepayingattentiontotheelevationmodeling,moreattentiontotheinternaldivisionofspaceplanesothatarationallayout,aclearareadivision,rigorous,user-friendlymanagement.Themainentrancenearlysevenmetershighisall-glassfoyerofwhichrichandactivetheelevationofspace,intothespaciousfoyertogiveafeelingofcomfortandstyle.Districtbydistrictfromtoptobottom,whichSeparatestheOfficebuildingandthelaboratorybuilding,createingaquietenvironmentfortheexperimentalstudy.Thelargecurved-glasscurtainwall,onetothethirdflooragroupoftheprocessandprominentonbothsidesoftheoval-shapedstaircasetobuildingastrongersenseofStereoscopic,formagoodvisualeffects.SpacePlaneuseLongstripinthegallerystructuresothateachofficeandlaboratoryisadequatenaturallightingandventilation.Focusoncontact,Planesimple,TheuseoffunctionalDistrictreasonable.Lightingawell-ventilated,double-layerwallsisappliedbetweenallofthestairsoutsidethewallofmainbuildingandminorbuilding,whichmakesthewholebuildinghavethestyleofmoderntaste.meanwhile,thetransparentglasswallsincreasethephotosensiveindependenteffectofthefaçade.Intheplane,thereisaentrancetothelayoutofthelongcorridorsonthesouthsideofcampussothatthelayoutofimportandexportisatmosphere，Reflecttheatmosphereofacademicandresearch.puttheParkingspacesandarchitecturetogetherisagoodcombination.FireenginesisConvenientfoutheVehicles,academiclecturehallatthetoprightoftheplane,whichCombinedthescientificresearchingcomplexandparkingspaces.Intheupperleftlayoutthebadmintoncourts,sothattheteachersandstudentsafterwokingandstudyingcanbeverygoodtorelax.Architecturalcreationisdifferentfromthepureart(suchasdrawings,sculptures,etc.),Asuccessfulartworkscanexpressthemeideas,thearchitecturalcreationasaspecialart,Itisthecombinationofthephysical,mental,technical,art,formandcontent..Asauniversityscientificresearchingcomplexthisnewcentury,Notonlytoreflectthecampusacademicstyle,butalsotoreflectthecontemporary.Theabovetwopointsaregivenfullconsiderationinthisdesign.Inthisdesign,itnotusedthebuildingimagewhichhavebemadeonethousandtimes,andalsonotone-sidedpursuitofapeculiarformofarchitecture,weAttachesgreatimportancetotheconstructionofdecencyduringthedesign.Majoreconomicandtechnicalindex:Fieldarea:5,700squaremetersTotalbuildingarea:9,124squaremetersVolumerate:158%Density:28.5%Greenbeltspace:49.3%Parkingarea:366-square-meterParkingnumber:20StructureProgramDesign:1.SelectionandarrangementofstructuresystemIthasfullyconsideredtherequirementofflexibility,variabilityandavailabilityindesigningthisscientificresearchcomplexstructuresystem,combinedcontemporaryandadoptedreinforcedconcerteframestructuresystem.Inconditionsofsevendegreeearthquake,constructionswhoseheightsaremorethan30metersemployTwoAnti-seismicRating.ArchitectureuseaflatandDivisionfromtoptobottom,onetothreefloorareofficebuildings,fourtothefloorarelaboratory,Architectureusethegallery-style,thelayoutofconstructionplaneisshapedasclassicalrectangular.Accordingtothecomplexlayoutfeaturesandfunctionsrequirementsofbuilding,itmakesthemoduleplanlayoutbasicallyregular,thestiffnessissymmetrical,whichperfectlyimprovesthesituationthatcomplexplanesareeasytoproducestressconcertrationinearthquakeandformthestructureweakparts.Thecolumnandnetworklayoutofthetopfloorofscientificresearchingcomplexismoreregularinthelayoutofstructuralsystem..Columnseparationsarerelativelyequal,verifyingfrom3.9metersto4.5meters.FrameworkcalculationusescomputerelectroniccalculationprogramTBSAtoprocedureforthecalculationandanalysisoftheprocessofcalculation,itwillgenerateresultsautomaticallyandmakesomeappropriateadjustment,consideringtheeffectsonthestructureofcertainfactors,sothatitwillgetamorerationalstructure..Onhandlingproblemsofturinguptherederrorsclues,whenthecolumn-axescompressionrationisgreaterthan0.8(tweolevelframeworkanti-seismicratingcolumn-axescompressionratiois0.8)shouldfirstlycheckwhethertheinputsituationofelectronicloadisrightornot..Iftheinputsituationisright,thecolumnloadplaneshouldbeincreasedappropriately,andpayingnecessyattentiontothechangesofaxescompressionratiointheverifyingsectionarea.Ifthereisarederrorsclue,itisnecessarytoexaminethetwoaspectsofanti-bendingrateandanti-contortionrate.Itcanbesolvedbyincreasingtheheightandwidthofthebeamrespectively.2.StructuralanalysisofinternalforcesThehandiworkcalculationsectionincludesthebuildingroofdesign,stairdesignandfoudationdesign.Buildingroofsectionemploysboard,itisthemostimportantthingtoconsiderthesupportingsituationofthefouredgesofeachplate.Besideconsideringthesupportingsituationofthefouredgesofeachplate,itisalsonecessarytoconsidersomeotherattentionitems,suchas:itshouldbecalculatedaccordingtotheJianzhibianwhenthespanD-valueofplatejunctionedgeismorethan80percent;itwouldbesavertoapplyallfoursidesasfixededgesinthecalculationofstanchion.3.FoudationdesignFoundationdesignshouldproceedaccordingtocomprehensiveconsiderationoftheprojectgeologicalconditions,hydrologicalandgeologicalconditions,shapeandsizeofbuilding,structuretype,loadsizelayoutandtheconstructionconditions,soitchoosespilefoundationsinfoundationdesign.itemploysmediumsandmixingwiththinmudasthefolderbearinglayer,theendofsubmergedpileintothebearinglayeratthedepthof1.5metres.Thetypeofpilewhichispre-stressedconcretepipepegPHC-110-400andPHC-110-300,thereisthreeandtwopegpilecapswhichDiameteris400,andtwopegpilecapswhichDiameteris300.Bothofthetwodirectionsofthepilecapsareprovidedwithalinkbeamwhichcanstrengthenthestabilityandintegritybetweendifferentpilecaps.TheLectureHallonlyonefloorlayer,whichtallis6metersandtheloadsisalittlebitsmall,adoptundercolumnindependentbasis(calculatedononlyinvolvedthemainbuilding).Conclusion：AftertheOnesemesterofgraduationdesign（Includinggraduatedesignresearch）Wedesignedontheconstructionandstructure，sothatoriginaldesignratherambiguousbecomeClear.graduationdesignisanimportantstageofUndergraduateeducationTrainingObjectives,isacomprehensivestudybeforegraduationstage,istheimportantprocessoftodeepenandbroadentheknowledgelearnfromfour-yearuniversities,isacomprehensivesummaryfortheExpertisewhichlearn