电磁力作用下连铸宏观传输现象的数值模拟研究

电磁力作用下连铸宏观传输现象的数值模拟研究摘要：

本文采用计算流体力学方法，对电磁力作用下连铸宏观传输现象进行数值模拟研究。首先建立了三维连铸模型和电磁场分析模型，考虑了液体金属的流动、传热以及电磁场与导电液体的相互作用；随后采用有限体积法和SIMPLEC算法对流场、温度场以及液膜厚度等物理量进行求解；最后分析了电磁参数对流场、温度场和结晶壳厚度的影响。

研究结果表明：电磁力作用下，液体金属在连铸模具内的流动状态受到电磁场的控制，导致流速场、温度场和结晶壳厚度不均匀分布，而连铸机的运行参数则显著影响这些物理量的分布。特别地，电磁力会引起横向旋涡流和螺旋涡流的形成，对流场和温度场的分布产生影响；同时，电磁参数的改变也会影响液膜厚度的分布特性，进而影响铸轧质量。

本研究可为优化连铸机参数、提高铸轧质量提供理论参考和数值仿真支撑。

关键词：计算流体力学；连铸；电磁力；流动；传热

Abstract:

Inthispaper,thenumericalsimulationofmacroscopictransportphenomenaincontinuouscastingundertheactionofelectromagneticforceisstudiedbyusingcomputationalfluiddynamicsmethod.Firstly,athree-dimensionalcontinuouscastingmodelandanelectromagneticfieldanalysismodelwereestablished,takingintoaccounttheflowandheattransferofliquidmetalandtheinteractionbetweenelectromagneticfieldandconductiveliquid;secondly,finitevolumemethodandSIMPLECalgorithmwereusedtosolvetheflowfield,temperaturefieldandliquidfilmthickness;finally,theinfluenceofelectromagneticparametersonflowfield,temperaturefieldandcrystallizationshellthicknesswasanalyzed.

Theresultsshowthatundertheactionofelectromagneticforce,theflowstateofliquidmetalinthecontinuouscastingmoldiscontrolledbytheelectromagneticfield,resultinginunevendistributionofflowvelocityfield,temperaturefieldandcrystallizationshellthickness,andtheoperatingparametersofthecontinuouscastingmachinesignificantlyaffectthedistributionofthesephysicalquantities.Specifically,theelectromagneticforcecancausetheformationoftransversevortexandspiralvortex,whichaffectthedistributionofflowfieldandtemperaturefield.Meanwhile,thechangeofelectromagneticparametersalsoaffectsthedistributioncharacteristicsofliquidfilmthickness,whichinturnaffectsthequalityofcastingandrolling.

Thisresearchcanprovidetheoreticalreferenceandnumericalsimulationsupportforoptimizingtheparametersofcontinuouscastingmachineandimprovingthequalityofcastingandrolling.

Keywords:computationalfluiddynamics;continuouscasting;electromagneticforce;flow;heattransfeContinuouscastingisawidelyusedmethodforproducingsemi-finishedsteelproducts.Thequalityofthefinalproductstronglydependsontheuniformityofthecastingprocess,whichisaffectedbythefluidflowandheattransferwithinthemold.Computationalfluiddynamics(CFD)simulationshavebecomeanimportanttoolforimprovingthedesignandoperationofcontinuouscastingmachines.

Oneofthekeyfactorsthataffectthefluidflowandheattransferduringcontinuouscastingistheelectromagneticforce.Electromagneticfieldsaregeneratedbyapplyingastrongmagneticfieldtotheliquidmetal,whichinduceseddycurrentsandLorentzforcesthataffectthefluidflow.Thestrengthanddirectionoftheelectromagneticforcedependonthefrequencyandintensityofthemagneticfield,aswellastheelectricalconductivityandmagneticpermeabilityofthemetal.

Inrecentyears,researchershavedevelopedincreasinglysophisticatedmodelsforsimulatingelectromagneticeffectsincontinuouscastingusingCFDmethods.Thesemodelstakeintoaccountthecomplexinteractionsbetweenthemagneticfield,fluidflow,andheattransfer,andareabletopredictthebehavioroftheliquidmetalwithinthemoldwithhighaccuracy.

Inadditiontotheelectromagneticforce,otherfactorsthataffectthefluidflowandheattransferduringcontinuouscastingincludethegeometryofthemold,thevelocityandtemperatureoftheincomingmetal,andthepropertiesofthemoldcoolant.CFDsimulationscanbeusedtooptimizetheseparametersinordertoimprovethequalityofthefinalproduct.

Overall,theuseofCFDsimulationsforanalyzingandoptimizingcontinuouscastingprocesseshasbecomeanimportantareaofresearchinthesteelindustry.Bybetterunderstandingthefluidflowandheattransferwithinthemold,itispossibletoimprovetheuniformityandqualityofthefinalproduct,leadingtogreaterefficiencyandprofitabilityforsteelmanufacturersFurthermore,CFDsimulationscanalsobeusedtooptimizethedesignofthemolditself.Bysimulatingdifferentmoldgeometriesandcoolingconditions,itispossibletoidentifytheoptimaldesignforaspecificsteelgradeandcastingspeed.Thiscanleadtomoreefficientproductionandlowercosts,aswellasreducethelikelihoodofdefectsinthefinalproduct.

Inadditiontooptimizingcontinuouscastingprocesses,CFDsimulationscanalsobeusedtoinvestigatethecausesofdefectsandqualityissuesinthefinalproduct.Forexample,bysimulatingthesolidificationprocesswithinthemold,itispossibletoidentifythelocationandcauseofsurfacedefectssuchascracksandpinholes.Thisinformationcanthenbeusedtoadjustprocessparametersandimprovethequalityofthefinalproduct.

CFDsimulationscanalsobeusedtooptimizetheuseofadditivesandalloysinthesteelmakingprocess.Bysimulatingtheinteractionbetweenthemoltensteelandtheadditives,itispossibletoidentifytheoptimalcompositionanddistributionofadditivesforaspecificsteelgrade.Thiscanleadtoimprovedmechanicalpropertiesandreducedcosts.

Overall,CFDsimulationsareapowerfultoolforoptimizingcontinuouscastingprocessesinthesteelindustry.Bybetterunderstandingthefluidflowandheattransferwithinthemold,itispossibletoimprovethequality,efficiency,andprofitabilityofsteelproduction.Ascomputationalpowerandmodelingtechniquescontinuetoadvance,CFDsimulationswilllikelybecomeanevenmoreimportanttoolforsteelmanufacturersinthefutureInadditiontocontinuouscasting,CFDsimulationscanalsobeappliedtootherareasofthesteelindustry,suchasblastfurnacesandsteelmakingprocesses.Forexample,CFDcanbeusedtooptimizethedesignandoperationofblastfurnaces,whichareusedtoproducepigironfromironore.Bymodelingthecomplexfluiddynamicsandchemicalreactionsthatoccurwithinthefurnace,CFDcanhelptoidentifypotentialefficiencyimprovementsandreduceemissions.

Similarly,CFDcanalsobeusedtomodelthesteelmakingprocess,whichinvolvesconvertingpigironintosteelthroughprocessessuchasbasicoxygenfurnacesandelectricarcfurnaces.Bysimulatingtheseprocesses,CFDcanhelptooptimizetheparameterssuchastemperature,fluidflow,andchemicalreactionstoproducehigh-qualitysteelwhileminimizingcosts.

Furthermore,CFDcanalsobeusedinthedesignofsteelstructuresandcomponents.Bysimulatingthestressesandstrainsthatoccurunderdifferentloadingconditions,CFDcanhelpengineerstodesignstructuresthataresafe,efficient,andcost-effective.Forexample,CFDcanbeusedtooptimizethedesignofwindturbinetowers,whichneedtowithstandhighwindloadswhileminimizingmaterialandmanufacturingcosts.

Inconclusion,CFDsimulationsareapowerfultoolforoptimizingvariousaspectsofthesteelindustry,includingcontinuouscasting,blastfurnaceoperations,steelmakingprocesses,andstructuraldesign.Bybetterunderstandingthecomplexflui