避碰规则全文(中英)

1972际海上避碰则

中英文照版

1foratSea.1972A─GENERALApplication(a)Rulesshallallvesselsuponseasalltherewithnavigableseagoingvessels.Nothingintheseshallwiththeofspecialauthorityforharbours,rivers,lakesorwithseasnavigablespecialascloselythese(c)NothingtheseinterferethespecialrulesbytheGovernmentofanywithadditionalstationorshapesorforshipswarproceedingconvoy,orwithrespecttoadditionalstationorshapesfishinginafleet.additionalorsignallights,shapesorwhistlefarastheycannotmistakenlight,orsignalauthorizedelsewherebytheOrganizationpurposeofthese(e)Governmenthaveavesselofspecialconstructionorpurposecannotwiththeanythesewithrespecttoposition,orarcoforasastodispositionofsound-signalingappliances,suchshallwithsuchintothenumber,position,orarcvisibilityoforshapes,asdispositionsound-appliances,GovernmentshalldeterminedbeclosestpossibleRulesinrespectvessel.第一条适用范1.规则适用于海和连于公海而可海船航的一切水域的一切舶2.规则不妨碍关主管关为连接于海而可海船航行的何港外地港口、江、湖泊或内水道所订的特殊规的实施这种特殊规应尽能符本规则3.规则不妨碍国政府军舰及护航的船舶制订的关于外的队灯信号灯、型或笛号，者为结从事捕鱼的船所制的关于额外队形灯信号灯号型或笛号应尽能不致误认为本规其他条所规定的任号灯、号或信号。4.实施本规则本组织以采纳分道航制。5.经有关政府定，种特殊造或用途的舶，不能全遵守规则何一条关号灯或号型数量、位置能见距或弧度以及号设备配置特性的规时，则应遵其政府号灯或号型数量、置、能见距或弧度1

1972际海上避碰则

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2及声号备的配置和性方面之另行确定尽可能合本规则要的规定(a)Nothingintheseexonerateanyvessel,ortheortheofneglecttocomplywiththeseRulesoroftheanymaybetheordinaryoforspecialcase.InconstruingandcomplyingwiththesedueregardshallbehadallofandcollisionandanyspecialincludinglimitationsvesselsmaymakeaRulesto第二条责任1.本规并不免任何船舶或所有人船长或船员于遵守规则的任何忽，或海员通常做要求的当时特殊情要求的何戒备上的忽而产的各种果的责任。2.解释和遵守规则时应考虑一切航和碰撞的危以及包当事船舶条件限制内的任何特情况，些危险和特情况可使船舶在必时为避紧迫危而背离本规。DefinitionsFortheoftheseotherwiserequires:(a)Theword"vessel"ofandusedorcapablebeingasameansofonTheterm"power-drivenanysailiffitted,isbeingused.Theterm"vesselinfishing"meansanyfishingwithlines,orfishingmaneuverability,butavesselfishingwithorfishingapparatuswhich(e)Theword"seaplane"includesanyaircraftwater.(f)Theterm"vesselmeansavesselsomeexceptionalismanoeuvreasisunabletokeepofanother(g)restrictedhermanoeuvre"meansvesselfromthenatureherworkherastheseisunabletooutthewayanothervessel.restrictedinlimited(i)Aengagedinlaying,orupanavigationmark,cableor(ii)Aindredging,or(iii)Ainortransferringprovisionsor2

1972际海上避碰则

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3cargowhileavesselengagedinor(v)avesselengagedinmineavesselengagedinatowingsuchasseverelyrestrictsthetowingandtheirabilitytodeviatetheirTheterm"vesselbyhermeansavesselbecausedraughtinrelationtoavailabledepthandwidthofnavigablewater,isrestrictedinhertothefollowing.(i)Theword"underway"thataisatanchor,ormadeshore,oraground.(j)The"length""breadth"avesselmeanheroverall(k)VesselsshallbesightoneanotheronebevisuallyfromtheThetermvisibility"meansanyconditionvisibilitybyfog,mist,snow,rainstorms,sandstormsorothersimilarcauses.第三条一般义除其他文另有解释，在本则中：１船舶”一词指用作者能够用作上运输具的各类水船筏，括非排船舶和水上机。２机动船”一，指用器推进的任船舶。３帆船”一词指任何帆的船舶，括装有进机器而不使用者４从事捕鱼的舶”一，指使用网、绳钓拖网或其他其操纵能受到制的渔具捕的任何舶，但不包使用曳钓或其他并使其操性能受限制的渔具鱼的船。５水上飞机”词，包为能在水面纵而设的任何航空。６失去控制的舶”一，指由于某异常的况，不能按规则各的要求行操纵，因不能给船让路的船。７操纵能力受限制的舶”一词，由于工性质，使其本规则求进行纵的能力受限制，而不能给他让路的舶。“操纵力受到限制船舶”词应包括，不限于列船舶：（１）事敷设、维或起捞航标志、海电缆或道的船舶；（２）事疏浚、测或水下业的船舶；（３）航中从事补或转运员、食品或物的船；（４）事发放或回航空器船舶；（５）事清除水雷业的船；（６）事拖带作业船舶，该项拖带作使该拖及其被拖船离所驶航向能力严重受限制者８限于吃水的舶”一，指由于吃与可用深的关系，使其偏所驶航的能力严重受到限的机动船。９在航”一词指船舳在锚泊、系或搁浅１０．舶的“长度和“宽”是指其总度和最宽度。3

1972际海上避碰则

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4１１．有当一船能他船以觉看到时，应认为船是在互见。１２“见度不”一词，指何由于、霾、下雪暴风雨沙暴或任何其他似原因而使见度受限制的情况PARTB-STEERINGANDRULES1-CONDUCTOFINCONDITIONOFVISIBILITYApplicationRulesinSectioninconditionof第二章驾驶和行规则第一节船舶在何能见度情下的行规则（第四—第十条）Look-outvesselmaintainpropersighthearingasallavailablemeansafulloftheof第五条了望每一船在任何时候视觉、觉以及适合时环境情况的一切用手段保持正的了望，以对局面碰撞危险作充分的计。vesselshallallataspeedsothatshecantakeproperanddistancetotheprevailingIndeterminingsafethefollowingshallamongthoseaccount:(a)all(i)The(ii)Thetrafficincludingconcentrationsoforothervessels;(iii)Themanoeuvrabilityofthewithspecialtostoppingandturningabilityinconditions;atthepresenceofsuchasorfromlights;(v)theofseatheofdraughtinavailabledepthwater.Additionally,withradar;(i)efficiencyandlimitationsoftheradarequipment;(ii)byradarrangein(iii)radardetectionseastate,sources4

1972际海上避碰则

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5interference;possibilitythatsmallandobjectsbebyradaratadequaterange;(v)Thenumber,movementofradar;Themorevisibilityberadarisusedtorangeoforobjectsinthevicinity.第六条安全航每一船任何时候都用安全速行驶以便能采取适而有效的行避免碰并能在合当时环境情况的离以内把船住。在定安全航速，考虑因素中包括下列各：1.所有船舶：能见度情况；通航密度，包括渔船或任何其船舶的密集度；船舶的操纵性能，特别在当时况下的冲程旋回性；夜间出现的背景亮光，如来自上的灯光或船灯光反向散射；风、浪和流的状况以及近航海险物的情况吃水与可用水深的关系2.备有可使用雷达的舶，还须考：雷达设备的特性、效率局限性所选用的雷达距离标尺来的任限制；海况、天气和其他干扰对雷达测的影响；在适当距离内，雷达对船、浮和其他漂浮有探测到的可能性雷达探测到的船舶数目位置和态；(6)当雷达测附近船舶或他物体距离时，可对能见作出的更确的估计Riskof(a)allavailablemeansifriskexists.IfanysuchriskshallbedeemedtoProperofradarifincludinglong-rangescanningtoobtainofofandradarorequivalentsystematic(c)Assumptionsshallbemadeofinformation,especiallyradarinformation.Indeterminingriskexistsbeamongthose(i)riskbeifcompassbearingandoes(ii)riskevenwhenanbearingisevident,particularlywhenaveryoraorwhenrange.第七条碰撞危1.一船应用适当时环和情况的一可用手断定是否存碰撞危，如有5

1972际海上避碰则

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6任何怀，则应认为在这种险。2.装有雷达设并可使的话，则应确予以用包括远距离瞄以便获得碰撞危的早期警报并对探测到的物进行雷标绘或与其当的系观察。3.应当根据不分的资，特别是不分的雷观测资料作推断。4.断定是否存碰撞危时，考虑的素中应括下列各点如果来船的罗经方位没明显的化，则应认存在这危险；即使有明显的方位变化有时也能存在这种险，特别在驶一艘很大的船拖带船组时或是在距离驶近他时。Actiontoavoid(a)actionshall,ifcasebemadewithdueregardtoobservanceofgoodseamanship.Anycourse/ortoavoidcollisionshall,iftheofcaseadmit,beenoughtoreadilyapparenttoanotherobservingorradar;asuccessionofsmallalterationscourseand/orspeed(c)IfsufficientseaalterationcoursealonethemosttoasituationitismadeingoodisdoesinanotherActionwithanothershallsuchasresultatsafetheeffectivenessoftheactioncarefullyuntilothervesselisfinally(e)Ifnecessarytocollisionorallowmoretimeassessthesituation,shallherspeedallwayofforof(f)(i)Avesseltheserules,requirednotimpedepassageorsafepassageofcase,takeactionallowsea-roomforthepassagevessel.(ii)Atoimpedetheorsafepassageanotherisrelievedobligationifthetoinvolveriskandshall,fulltothebytherulespart.(iii)Apassageofbeimpededfullywiththerulespartvesselsanothersoinvolveriskof第八条避免碰的行动1.避免碰撞所取的任行动，如当环境许，应是积极，应及地进行并注意用良好的船。2.避免碰撞而的航向（或）航速任何变，如当时环许可，大得足以使他用视觉或雷观察时易察觉到；避免对向和（或）速作一6

1972际海上避碰则

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7串的小动。3.有足够的水，单用转可能是避免迫局面最有效行动只要这种行动是及的，大幅度并且不造成另一紧局面。4.避免与他船撞而采的行动，应能导在安全距离驶过。细心核避让行动有效性，直最后驶让清他船为。5.避免碰撞或有更多间来估计局，必要,船舶应当减或者停或倒转推器把船住。6.(1)根据规则任规定，要求不妨碍另艘船通过或全通过船舶应根据当时境的需要及地采取动以留出足的水域他船全通过如果在接近其他船舶致碰撞危时，被求不得碍另一艘船过或安全通过船舶并不解这一责，且当采取动时，充分考虑到章各条能要求行动。Narrow(a)Avesselproceedingthecoursenarrowchannelorfairwaykeepasneartheouterlimitoftheorfairwayliesstarboardsideassafeandpracticable.A20meterslengthorasailingshallpassageavesselwhichcansafelynavigatenarrowor(c)AinnotimpedethepassageanyvesselaorAaorfairwayifsuchpassageavesselwhichcansafelynavigateorfairway.ThevesselprescribedinRuleifdoubtastotheintentionofthecrossingvessel.(e)(i)Inafairwaywhenovertakingcaniftobeovertakentoactiontosafetheintendingbysoundingsignalin34(c)(i).Thevesseltoifinagreement,theappropriatesignalinRule34(c)(ii)stepssafeIfdoubtsoundtheprescribed34(d).(ii)doesrelievetheovertakingobligationRule13.(f)Anearingabendornarrowchannelorfairwaymaybeobscuredinterveningobstructionnavigatewithparticularalertnessandshallsoundtheprescribed34(e).(g)ifthecaseavoidanchoringanarrow第九条狭水1.舶沿狭水道航道行时，只要安可行，应尽量靠近右舷的水道或航的外缘。7

1972际海上避碰则

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82.船或者长度于米的舶，不妨碍只能在水道或道以内安全航行的舶通行。3.从事捕鱼的船舶，不妨碍任其他在狭水或航道内航行的船通行。4.舶不应穿越水道或道如果这穿越会妨碍能在这水道或航道以内安航行的船舶行。后若对穿越船意图有疑时,可使用第十四条4款规定的号。在狭道或道内，如只有在被追船必须取行动以允安全通能追越则企图越的船应鸣放三十四3(1)项所规的相应声号以表示本的意图被追越如果同应鸣放三十四条3所规定相应声号，采取使之能全通过措施。如有疑，则可以鸣第三四条款所规定声号。本条并不解除追越船根第十三所负的义务6.船舶在驶近其他船舶能被居障碍物遮蔽狭水道航道的弯头地段时应特别机警谨慎地驶并应鸣第三十四条款所规的相应声号7.何船舶，如时环境可，都应避在狭水内锚泊。10TrafficSeparation(a)ruleappliesseparationbyOrganizationdoesrelieveanyofherobligationotherrule.Atraffic(i)inthegeneraldirectiontrafficforthat(ii)sofaraskeepclearofalineorseparation(iii)normallyjoinorleavealaneattheoflane,butwhenjoiningoreithersideshallatsmallgeneralflowas(c)Ashall,farasavoidcrossingiftodoshallonaspracticableatrightanglestothedirectionoftrafficflow.(i)Avesselshallnotinshoretrafficzonetrafficlanetrafficscheme.However,vesselslessmetresinlength,vesselsinmayuseinshoretrafficzone.(ii)Notwithstandingsubparagraph(d)(i),avesselmayinshorezonewhenentoport,installationstationoranyinshoretrafficzone,tovesselotherthanavesseloravesseljoiningoralaneshallnormallyenterazonecrossaseparationlineexcept:(i)incaseofemergency(ii)toengageinfishingwithina8

1972际海上避碰则

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9(f)Anavigatingareasnearterminationsseparationshallwithcaution.(g)AvesselshallfarasavoidanchoringaseparationornearAvesselnotaschemeshallavoiditbyaswideamargin(i)Avesselengagedinfishingnotimpedepassageofvessellane.(j)A20metresinorashallnotimpedethepassageofa-drivenvessellane.(k)Aherinoperationfortheofnavigationseparationcomplyingwiththistonecessaryto(l)Aherinoperationforlaying,oracable,trafficseparationscheme,complyingwithtothenecessarytocarryoutthe第十条分道通制1.条适用于本织所采的各分道通制,但并不解除何船舶守任何其他各规定的责任.2.用分道通航区域的舶:在相应的通航分道内顺该分道船舶总流向驶尽可能让开分隔线或分带;通常在通航分道的端部进或驶但从分道的何一侧进或驶出时,应与分的船舶总流形成尽能小的角度3.舶应尽可能免穿越航分道但如得不穿时,尽可能与分道的船舶总向成直角的首向穿;当船舶可安全用邻近道通航制区相应通分道时,不使用沿通航带但长度小的船舶、船和从捕鱼的船舶使用沿通航带；除本条4(1)规定外,当船抵离港、近设施或筑物、引航或位于沿岸航带中的任地方或避免紧迫危时，可用沿岸通航;5.穿越船或者进或驶通航分道的舶外,船通常不进入分带或穿越分隔,除非在紧急情况下避免紧迫险;在分隔带内从事捕鱼6.舶在分道通制区域部附近行驶应特别谨7.舶应尽可能免在分通航制区域或其端附近锚泊;8.使用分道通制区域船舶,应可能远该区域.9.事捕鱼的船,不妨碍按通航道行驶任何船舶的行;10.帆或长度于20米的船舶,不应妨按通航道行驶的机船的安通行;操纵能力受限制的舶当在分道航制区域内事维护行安全的作业时,在执该作业必需的限度免受本条定的约;9

1972际海上避碰则

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1012.操能力受限制的船舶当在分道通制区域内从敷设、护或捞海底电时,在执行该业所必的限度内,免受条规定约束ⅡOFVESSELSINOFONE11ApplicationRulesinsectionapplytosightoneanother.第二节船舶在互见中行动规则（第十条——第十条）第十一适用范围本节各适用于互见的船舶12Vessels(a)Whentwoanother,soasriskoneofthemshalloutoftheas(i)eachonadifferentsideoutother.(ii)theonthethewayofthe(iii)ifawiththeontheseesvesselwindwardcannotwithcertaintywhethertheothervesselhasthetheportorstarboardside,other.Forthepurposethisthewindwardbetobethetothatincaseofriggedvessel,thattheforeandaftsailiscarried.第十二

帆船1.艘帆船相互近致有成碰撞危险,其一船应按下规定给船让路:两船在不同舷受风时,左舷受风的应给他让路;两船在同舷受风时上风船应下风船路;(3)如舷受风船看到在上的船而能断定究竟船是左受风还是右受风,则应该船让2.本条规定而,船的受舷侧应为是帆被吹的一舷的对舷侧;对方帆船,则应认是最大帆被吹向的舷的对舷侧13Overtaking(a)NotwithstandinganythingRulesofPartB,SectionsIandII,anyvesselovertakingothershallofthewayvesselbeingAshallbedeemedtoovertakingcomingupwithanotherdirectionmoredegreesherbeam,is,insuchawithreferencevesselisovertaking,thatatnight10

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11wouldableonlysternlightofthatbutsidelights.(c)avesseldoubttothatovertakinganother,shethisiscaseandactofthebearingbetweenvesselsovertakingvesselatheseRulesorheroftheofclearoftheovertakenvesselpastandclear.第十三追越1.论第二章第节和第节的各条规如何,任何船舶在追任何他时均应给被追船让路2.船正从他船横后大22.5度的某一方向上他船即该船对其所越的船所处的位置,在间只看见被越船的尾灯不能看见他任一舷时,应认为是在越中.3.一船对其是在追越船有任何怀时该船应假定在追越并应采取相行动中所指交叉船或者免除让开被追越的责任,直到最驶过让为止14(a)Whentwopower-drivenarereciprocalornearlyreciprocalcoursesasriskeachshallcoursetostarboardsothatpasstheportsideother.ashalltoexistwhenavesselotherornearlybynightcouldseethemastheadoftheaorinalineandthecorrespondingaspectother(c)Whenavesselisinanydoubtsuchashallitdoesandaccordingly.第十四对遇局面1.当两艘机动船在相反或接近反的航向上遇有构碰撞危险时,各应右转向,从各从他船的舷驶过.2.一船看见他在正前或接近正前并且在夜间能看见船的前后桅成一直线或接近直线和(或)两盏灯;在天看到他船的上相应形时,则认为存这样的局面.3.一船对是否在这样局面有任何疑时,该船应假定确存在这局面,并应采取应的行动15CrossingWhentwopower-drivenaresoinvolveriskofthehasotheronowntheshall,ifofcaseavoidaheadofthevessel.第十五交叉相遇面当两艘动船交叉相致有构碰撞危险时,有他船在本右舷的舶应11

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12给他船路,如当时环许可还避免越他船前方16Actionbyvesselwhichdirectedoutoftheofvesselfaraspossible,earlyactiontokeepwell第十六让路船的动须给他让路的船舶应尽可能及早地取大幅的行动宽裕地让清船.17ActionbyVessel(a)(i)onevesselsistoofthewayherand(ii)Thelattervesselmayhoweveractiontoavoidcollisionbyalone,assoonasitbecomesapparentthetotheactionwiththeseanyvesselkeepcourseandspeedcollisioncannotbeactionofalone,takesuchaswill(c)Apower-drivenactionacrossingsituationaccordancewith(a)(ii)ofthistoavoidwithifcasealtercourseforaonherside.doesrelievethegive-wayobligationtokeep第十七直航船的动1.(1)两船的一船应给一船让时,一船应保持向和航然而,当持航向航速的船一发觉规的让船显然有遵照本规则采取当行动时该船即可独自采操纵行,以避免碰撞2.规定保持航和航速船发觉本船论由于种原因逼近单凭让船的行不能避免碰时也应采取有助于避碰行动3.交叉相遇的面下机动船按照本款项采取动以避与另一艘机动船撞时,如时环境可不应对在本船舷的船采取左转向.4.条并不解除路船的路义务18ResponsibilitiesbetweenVesselsRules1013otherwise(a)Apower-drivenunderwayoftheway(i)A(ii)Aher(iii)Ainfishing;AAunderwayof:(i)A12

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13(ii)Aher(iii)Ainfishing;(c)Ainwhenfaraskeepoutoftheway(i)A(ii)Aher(i)avesselcommandavesselinherifofthecaseadmit,thepassageofavesselconstrainedbyherdraught,exhibitingin28.(ii)Abyherdraughtshallwithparticularhavingregardher(e)Aseaplanethewatershall,inwellclearofnavigation.Inhowever,whereriskofwiththethis第十八船舶之间责任除第九十和十三条有规定:1.动船在航时给下述舶让路:失去控制的船舶操纵能力受到限制的船;从事捕鱼的船舶帆船;2.船在航时应可下述舶让路:失去控制的船舶操纵能力受到限制的船;从事捕鱼的船舶3.事捕鱼的船在航时,尽可能下述船舶让:失去控制的船舶操纵能力受到限制的船;除失去控制的舶或操能力受到限的船舶,何船舶当时环境许可,应避妨碍显第二十八条号的限吃水的船舶安全通.限于吃水的船舶应充分意到其殊条件特别谨慎地驶.5.水面的水上机,通应宽域地让所有的舶并避免妨其航行.然而在有碰危险的情况则应遵守章各条规定III-CONDUCTOFINRESTRICTEDVISIBILITY第三节船舶在见度不良时行动规19Conductof(a)tosightoneanotherwhennavigatinginornearanareaofvisibility.asafetoprevailingApower-drivenvesselforimmediate13

1972际海上避碰则

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14(c)vesselhavedueregardtotheprevailingandconditionsofrestrictedcomplyingwithRulesofSectionIofAvesselbyradaralonetheanothershalldetermineifaquartersand/orriskexists.Ifso,sheshalltakeavoidingactionintime,providedthatactionanalterationofcourse,sofaravoided:(i)analterationcoursetoportforforwardforbeingovertaken;(ii)analterationcoursetowardsabeamorabaftthebeam.(e)ithasbeendeterminedaofcollisionexist,everyvesselsignalanothervessel,orcannotsituationwithanothervesselherreduceherminimumshecankeptonherifnecessarytakeallheroffandanyeventwithcautionuntildangeris第十九船舶在能度不时的行规则1.本条适用于在能见度良的水中或在其附航行时在互见中的舶.2.每一船应以适合当时见度不的环境和情的安全速行驶,机动应将机器作随时操纵的备3.在遵守本章第一节各时一船舶适当考虑到时能见不良的环境情况4.一船仅凭雷达测到他时应断是否在形成紧迫面和(或)存在碰撞危险.若是如,应早地采取避行动,如种行动包括向则应尽可能避如下各点:除对被追越船外对正横前的舶采取左转向;对正横或正横后的船舶取朝着转向5.除己断定不存在碰撞险外,每船当听他船的雾号似在本正横以前或者与横以前的他不能避紧迫局面时应将航速减能维持航向的最小速度必要时,应把完全停,而且无论如何,极其谨地驾驶,直到撞危险过去止PARTC-ANDSHAPES20Application(a)inPartcompliedwithallTheRulesconcerninglightscompliedwithfromsunrise,duringsuchtimeslightssuchcannotbemistakenlightsspecifiedintheseRulesorimpairtheirordistinctivecharacter,orinterferewiththelook-out.(c)Thelightsbytheseshall,ifcarried,alsobeexhibited14

1972际海上避碰则

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15sunriseinvisibilitybeinallotherwhenitisTheconcerningshapescompliedwith(e)ThelightsinRulesshallcomplywithprovisionsofAnnexItoRegulations.第三章号灯和型第二十适用范围1.章各条在各天气中应遵守.2.有关灯的各规定,日没到出时应遵守,在此时内不显示别灯光.但那些不会被误为本规订明的号灯或者不会削弱号灯能见距或显著特性或者不会妨碍规了望灯光除外.3.规则所规定号灯,己设置,也应在见度不的情况下从出到日时显示,并可在一其他认必要情况下示.4.关号型的各规定在白天都应遵6.本规则订明的号灯和型,应符合规则附一的定.21Definitions(a)"Mastheadlight"meansalightovertheforeandaftoftheunbrokenlight22.5degreesabaftonsidevessel."Sidelights"meansagreenlightalighttheportsideeachshowingunbrokenlightofthehorizon112.5soastoshowtheaheadtheonInavesselof20metresinlengththesidelightsbeinonecarriedonforeandaftlineofthe(c)"Sternlight"meansaplacednearlyasattheshowinganunbrokenover135degreessoshowdegreesoneachsideofvessel.meansyellowhavingsamecharacteristicsas"sternlight"definedparagraphofthisRule.(e)light"ashowingunbroken360degrees.(f)"Flashinglight"meansaatintervalsataoforminute.第二十条定义1."灯"指安置船的首尾中线上方白灯在225度的水平内显示不间断的灯,其装置要使光从船正前方到每舷正横度内显示.2."灯"指右舷绿灯和左舷红灯,各在112.5度水平弧内显不间断灯光,其装要使灯从船的正前到各自舷的正横后22.5度内分别示长度小于米的船舶其舷灯可以合为一盏,装设于船的尾中心线上.3."灯"指安装尽可能接近尾的白,在135度的平弧内显示间断的灯光其装置要使灯光从船正后方每一舷67.5度显示.15

1972际海上避碰则

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164."带灯"指具有本条3款所"灯"相特性的灯5."照灯"指在360度的水平内显示间断光的号.6."光灯"指以某时间间隔的,以率为分钟120次或120次以上闪光的号灯22ThelightstheseasinIRegulationsasvisibleatranges:(a)Inofmetresmorelength:-a6miles;-a3-asternlight,3miles;-atowing3miles;-awhite,red,3Inofmetersormorelengthbutlessthan50length:-alengththeless20miles;-a2-asternlight,2miles;-a-awhite,red,all-round2(c)Inthanmetresin-a2miles;-a1-asternlight,2miles;-atowing2miles;-awhite,red,2Inpartlyorobjectstowed:-aall-roundlight,3第二十条号灯的能距离本规则定的号灯应具有本规则附一第节订明的光强以便下列最小距离能被看到:1.度为米或50以上的船舶桅灯海里;舷灯海里;尾灯海里;拖带灯3海里白、红绿或黄色环灯，3里;2.度为米或12以上但小于米的船舶:桅灯海里;但长小于20米的舶3里舷灯海里;尾灯海里;拖带灯2海里16

1972际海上避碰则白、红绿或黄色环灯，2里;3.度小于的船舶:桅灯海里;舷灯海里;尾灯海里;拖带灯2海里白、红绿或黄色环灯，2里;

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174.易察觉的、分淹没被拖船舶或体：白色环灯，2海里23Power-drivenunderway(a)Apower-drivenunderway(i)amastheadforward;(ii)asecondmastheadabaftofhighterone;except50metresintolightdoso(iii)sidelights;asternlight.air-cusnioninnon-displacementtheparagraph(a)thisall-roundlight.(c)(i)Apower-drivenoflessthan12lengthmayoftheprescribedinparagraph(a)thisall-sidelights;(ii)apower-drivenvesselofmetreslengthwhosemaximumspeeddoesnotexceed7lieuoftheprescribedparagraph(a)thisall-roundandifpracticablesidelights;(iii)orwhitelightonpower-drivenvessellessthan12metresmaybeandvesselifcenterlinefittingsidelightsareonelanternbetheforecentrelinevesselorlocatedasasintheaftlineasorall-roundlight.第二十条在航机动1.航机动船应示:在前部一盏桅灯(2)第盏桅灯后于并高前桅灯;长度小于50米的船舶不要求显该桅灯,但可以这做;两盏舷灯一盏尾灯2.垫船在非排状态下行时除本条款规定号灯外,还应显示一盏照17

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18黄色闪灯;3.(1)长度于米机动船可以显示盏环照灯和舷灯以替本条款规定的号.长度小于7米且其最高速不超过节的动船,以显示一盏照白灯替本条1款定的号;长度小于米的动船如果其两盏灯合并一盏号灯其桅灯或照白灯不能于设在首尾心线上可以开中心线由舷灯合并的这盏号灯应设在该的首尾中心上,或者尽量可行地接近桅灯或环照灯所在首尾线上24Pushing(a)Apower-driventowingshallexhibit;(i)insteadlightprescribedRule23(a)(i)or(a)(ii),inaverticalline.Whenofthetow,measuringfromthethetowingafterofthetow200threesucha(ii)sidelights;(iii)aatowinginaverticallinethesternlight;(v)the200metres,adiamondshapeitvesselvesselbeingpushedaheadareinaunittheyshallbeapower-drivenandthelightsprescribed(c)Apower-drivenoralongside,exceptcaseofaunit,(i)insteadoftheinRule23(a)(i)or(a)(ii),mastheadinaverticalline;(ii)side(iii)asternlight.Apower-driventowhichparagraph(a)orofthisRuleappliesshallalsocomplywithRule23(a)(ii).(e)Aorthanthoseinparagraph(i)sidelights;(ii)asternlight;(iii)adiamondwhereit(f)thatnumberofvesselsbeingtowedorpushedinaasonevessel:(i)abeingpushedbeingpartsidelights;(ii)vesselbeingtowedsternlightatsidelights.18

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19(g)Aninconspicuous,vesselorcombinationsuchorbeingtowed,(i)ifitisthanmetresbreadth,all-roundorneartheforwardendandornearafterexceptneedexhibitlightornear(ii)ifitis25ormoreintwowhiteatnearits(iii)ifitmetresinlength,whitebetweenlightsprescribedinsub-paragraphs(i)(ii)thatthebetweenthelights100aatneartheextremityoftheortowedifthelengthof200metreswhereitseenandasfarforwardasanycuseitisaorbeingtowedtoexhibittheorprescribedinparagraph(e)or(g)ofRule,allpossiblemeasurestoortowedorindicateofsuchor(i)Wheresufficientitavesselnormallyengagedoperationsdisplaythelightsprescribedinparagraph(a)or(ofthisRule,suchtothoseengagedininorotherwiseinofassistance.Allpossiblemeasuresbethebetweenthetowingandthevesselbeingtowedasauthorizedinparticularbyilluminatingthe第二十条拖带和顶1.动船当拖带应显示垂直两盏桅灯以取代第二十三条(1)项或1款项规的号灯当从带船船量到被拖物后端的带长度超过时垂直显示盏这的号灯两盏舷灯一盏尾灯一盏拖带灯垂直于尾灯方;当拖带长度超过时在最易见处示一个形体号型;2.一顶推船和被顶推牢固地连接为一组体时则应作为艘机动,显示第二三条规定的灯;3.动船当顶推旁拖时,组合体,应显示垂直两盏桅灯以取代第二十三条(1)项或1款项规的号灯两盏舷灯一盏尾灯4.用本条款的机动船还应遵守第十三条12)的规定;5.本条款所述外,一被拖带船被拖物应显示:两盏舷灯19

1972际海上避碰则

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20一盏尾灯当拖带长度超过时在最易见处示一个形体号型;6.何数目的船如作为组被旁拖或推时应作为一艘船显示号;被顶推船,但是组合的组成部分,应前端显示两舷灯;被旁拖的船应显示一盏灯,并在前显示两舷灯;7.艘不易觉察、部分淹的被带船或体或这类船或物体的组体应显示:除弹性拖曳体不需要在端或接前端处显示光外,如宽度小于25米,在前后两处各显示一环照白;如宽度为米或米上时,在两侧最处或接最宽处另加盏环照;(3)如度超过100米,在(项规定号灯之间,另加若盏白灯,使得这些灯之间距离不超过米(4)在后一艘拖船或物体末端或近末端处,示一个菱形号型,如果拖带长超过米时在尽可能部的最见处,另一个菱体号型;8.由于任何充的理由,拖船或体不可能显本条5或7款规定的号或号型应采取一切可能措施使拖船或物体有灯光至少能明这种船舶或体的存在;9.由于任何充的理由,得一艘常不从事拖作业的不可能按本或款的规显示号灯,这种船舶从事拖另一遇险或要救助的船就不求显示些号灯但应采取第三十条所准许的切可能施来明拖带与被拖船之间的关的性质,其应将缆照亮25VesselsVessels(a)Ashallexhibit:(i)side(ii)asternlight.Inasailingthan20metreslengthparagraph(a)ofthismaybecombinedinlanternornearthetheitbe(c)Aunderwaymay,toprescribedparagraph9a)ofthisortopofwherebestseen,twoall-roundinverticalupperbeingredthelowergreen,butbewithpermittedparagraph(b)ofthis(i)Aofless7metresinshall,ifprescribedinparagraph(a)orifdoesnot,havereadyattorchorlanternshowingwhitelightinsufficienttimetocollision.(ii)Aoarsmayexhibittheprescribedinforvessels,butifshedoesnot,readyathandelectric20

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21orlanternshowingshallintocollision.(e)Aproceedingsailwhenitcanbeseenaconicalapexdownwards.第二十条在航帆船划桨船1.航帆船应显:两盏舷灯一盏尾灯2.长度小于米的船上本条款规定的灯可以并成一盏,装设在桅或接近顶的最易见;3.航帆船,除条1款规定号灯外,还可在顶或接桅顶的最易处,垂直显示两盏照灯,上下绿但这些环灯不应和本款所许的合色灯时显示;4.(1)长度于米的帆船如可行,显示本条款或款规定的号灯但如果不样做,则应手边备白光的电筒个或点的白灯一盏,及显示以防碰撞(2)划船可以条为帆船规的号灯,如果不这样则应在边备妥白光的电筒个或点着的灯一盏及时显示,以防碰撞5.帆同时也用器的船,在前部易见处显示个圆锥号型尖端向下26Fishing(a)Ainfishing,whetheroratanchor,lightsandprescribedAintrawling,byismeantthethroughthewaterofadredgenetorapparatususedasfishingexhibit.(i)twolightsathebeingandthelowerwhite,oraconsistingoftwowithaverticallinetheother;ametresinlengthmayinsteadthisshapeexhibitbasket;(ii)amastheadhighertheall-roundgreenlight;aof50metresinshallobligedtoabutmaydoso;makingthroughthewater,theprescribedparagraph,sidelightsasternlight.(c)Ainfishing,trawlingshallexhibit:(i)twolightsaverticalline,beingthelowerwhite,atwowithapexestogetherinaverticalonetheavesseloflessthan20ininsteadexhibita(ii)thereisoutlyinggearextendingmore150metresthevessel,all-orapexupwardsindirectionofgear;(iii)makingwaythroughthewater,inthe21

1972际海上避碰则

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22prescribedparagraph,sidelightsandasternlight.AincloseproximitytovesselsengagedinfishingexhibittheadditionaldescribedinAnnexIItoRegulations.(e)Aengagedinfishingshalltheorshapesprescribedthisonlyprescribedaofher第二十条渔船1.事扑鱼的船,不在航还是锚只应显示条规定号灯和号型2.舶从事拖网业,在水中曳爬网或其用作渔的装置时，显示：(1)垂两盏照,绿下白,或一个由上下垂、尖端对接两个圆体所组成的号；一盏桅灯,后并高于盏环照灯长度小的船舶则不要求显示桅灯,但可以这样；当对水移动时除本款规定的号灯外还应显示盏舷灯和一尾灯。3.业的船舶除拖网业者外应显示：(1)垂两盏环灯,上红白或个由上下垂、尖端对接两个圆锥体组成的型；当有外伸渔具其从船边伸出的水平距大于米时,应朝着渔具的向显示一盏照灯或一个端向上圆锥体号型当对水移动时除本款规定的号灯外还应显示盏舷灯和一尾灯。4.规则附录二规定的外信号适用其它捕船舶附近从捕鱼的舶。5.舶不从事捕时,不应显本条规的号灯或号,而应显示其同长度的船舶