语法精讲突破系列(九)课件

语法精讲突破系列(九)特殊句式(倒装、省略、强调)完成句子1.(2013·湖北高考)Sofast______________thatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.光传播的速度快到我们难以想象。2.(2013·辽宁高考)Atnotime____________________therulesofthegame.Itwasunfairtopunishthem.他们绝对没有违反比赛规则,惩罚他们是不公平的。doeslighttraveldidtheyactuallybreak3.(2013·福建高考)Notuntilhewentthroughrealhardship____________thelovewehaveforourfamiliesisimportant.直到他经历了真正的艰难困苦,他才意识到我们对家庭的爱是重要的。4.(2013·江苏高考)“Neverforasecond,”theboysays,“___________thatmyfatherwouldcometomyrescue.”那个男孩说:“我从来没有怀疑过我爸爸会来救我。”didherealizedidIdoubt7.(2013·湖南高考)Everyday____aproverbaloudseveraltimesuntilyouhaveitmemorized.每天大声将一条谚语读上几次,直到你记住它。8.(2013·天津高考)Itwasnotuntilneartheendoftheletter____________________________.快到信的末尾时她才提到自己的计划。readthatshementionedherownplan【加固训练】完成句子1.(2012·湖北高考)Little__________________whatshelookslike;allshecaresaboutisherjobperformance.她不在乎外表，她在乎的是自己的工作表现。2.(2011·湖北高考)Notuntiltwodaysaftertheearthquake__________hermotheralive.直到地震后两天她才发现妈妈仍旧活着。doesshecare(about)didshefind3.(2010·湖北高考)Onlyifpeopleofallthecountriesareunited_______________________________theexistingproblemsintheworld.只有所有国家的人们团结起来，我们才能解决世界上存在着的问题。4.(2008·湖北高考)Seldom_______________videogameseversincetheyenteredcollege.自从进入大学，他们就很少玩电子游戏。willwebeabletosolve/canwesolvehavetheyplayed7.(2012·天津高考)OnlyafterMaryreadhercompositionthesecondtime____________thespellingmistake.玛丽直到再一次读了自己的作文后才注意到这处拼写错误。8.(2011·江苏高考)Itsoundslikesomethingiswrongwiththecar’sengine.____,we’dbettertakeittothegarageimmediately.听起来汽车的发动机好像有问题。如果这样的话，我们最好立刻把它送到汽修厂。didshenoticeIfso9.(2012·湖北高考)Idon’tknow__________inthenovelthatmadehimburstintotears.我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。10.(2012·重庆高考)Itwas80yearsbeforeChristopherColumbuscrossedtheAtlantic______________________toEastAfrica.(sail)在克里斯托弗·哥伦布横跨大西洋的80年前，郑和就航行到了东非。whatitwasthatZhengHehadsailed11.(2011·湖北高考)_______________________callmewhenyouarrive.Justcomeuptomyhouse.I’llbeathomeallday.你到达时不必给我打电话。直接来我家，我一整天都在家。12.(2011·湖北高考)________________________thathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.他突然想到第二天上午要参加一个重要的会议。Thereis/willbenoneedtoItsuddenlyoccurredtohim考点1倒装句的2种类型★★★☆☆

类别倒装条件倒装方法典句例示全部倒装(把全部谓语提到主语之前)

以here,there,out,in,up,down,away等副词开头,谓语动词多为be,come,go等,主语是名词

副词+谓语+主语①Herearesomepicturebooks.②Outrushedacatfromunderthetable.以then,now,thus,such开头,谓语动词多为come,follow,begin,end,be,主语是名词

副词+谓语+主语①Thencameanewdifficulty.②SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplebutgreatscientist.类别倒装条件倒装方法典句例示全部倒装(把全部谓语提到主语之前)

表地点的介词短语位于句首,且谓语动词为不及物动词。主语是名词介词短语+谓语+主语InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsataprofessor.表语置于句首,为了保持句子平衡,为表示强调,或利于上下文衔接+be+主语①Outsidethedoctor’sclinicwere20patients.②PresentatthemeetingwereexpertsfromEurope.③Seatedinthefirstlinearesomeadvancedworkers.介词短语形容词分词类别倒装条件倒装方法典句例示部分倒装(助动词/系动词be/情态动词提到主语前)

only修饰的副词、介词短语或从句位于句首作状语①OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofmathematics.②Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvethisproblem.③Onlyafterhefinishedtheworkdidheleave.类别倒装条件倒装方法典句例示部分倒装(助动词/系动词be/情态动词提到主语前)hardly...when,nosooner...than,notonly...but(also)等连接两个分句时,如果hardly,nosooner,notonly位于句首,前一个分句用部分倒装,后一个分句不变

Hardly/Nosooner/Notonly+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语+谓语其他部分+when/than/butalso+分句

①No

soonerhadthebellrungthantheteachercamein.②Notonlywasheforcedtostayhome,butalsohehadtodohishomework.类别倒装条件倒装方法典句例示部分倒装(助动词/系动词be/情态动词提到主语前)so(such)...that中的so(such)位于句首时So+adj./adv.+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语其他部分+that从句①SosmallwasthemarketthatIcouldhardlyseeit.②SoclearlydoeshespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.类别倒装条件倒装方法典句例示部分倒装(助动词/系动词be/情态动词提到主语前)so/neither/nor置于句首,意为“也”或“也不”表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物时

so/neither/nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语

①Iwentthereyesterday,sodidshe.②Tomdoesn’tlikebananas,neither/nordoI.though/as引导让步状语从句时,意为“尽管”,通常把句中状语、表语或动词提前;若表语是名词,其前不用冠词

①Childas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.②Objectasyoumay,Iwillgo.类别倒装条件倒装方法典句例示特别提醒1.there,here,now,then,up,down,in,away,off,out等副词置于句首,但主语为人称代词时,不用倒装

①Hereyouare.②Thenheleft.③Awaytheyhurried.2.only修饰主语置于句首时,不能倒装

Onlyheknowsthesecret.3.若两个主语一致时,则表示同意以上观点,不能倒装,此时so表示“的确如此”

—Helooksyoung.—Sohedoes.4.当前面两件或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时,通常用“soitiswith...”或“itisthesamewith...”

Tomlikessinging,buthedoesn’

tlikedancing.SoitiswithMary.5.Neither...,nor...“……不……,……也不……”,连接两个并列分句时,这两个并列分句都用倒装结构

NeitherdoIknowit,nordoIcareaboutit.考点2省略句的5种类型★★★★★

种类要点归纳典句例示宾语从句由which,when,where或how引导的宾语从句中与主句重复的主语及谓语可全部或部分省略,只保留一个连接代词或连接副词

Hewillcomeback,buthedoesn’tknowwhen(hewillcomeback).引导宾语从句的从属连词that可省略。但及物动词后跟两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时,只有第一个连词that可省略

Hetoldme(that)shewasabeautifulgirlandthatshewasclever.I’mafraid,Ithink,Ibelieve,Ihope,Iguess等作答语,后面so与not分别等于肯定和否定,宾语从句可省略

—Doyouthinkitwillrain?—Ihopenot(thatitwillnotrain).种类要点归纳典句例示定语从句在限制性定语从句中,关系代词that,which,whom充当宾语,而且前面无介词时可省略。关系代词在从句中作表语时也可省略

Helostthewatch(that/which)heboughtyesterday.theway,thetime后的定语从句,常省略关系词

①Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)hespeakstoothers.②Idon’tknowthetime(when)hearrived.种类要点归纳典句例示动词不定式不定式符号to的省略感官动词或使役动词(如feel,see,hear,notice,let,make,have等)后接不定式作宾语补足语时省略to

Iheardsomeonesinginthenextroom.在donothingbut,can’thelpbut,whynot,wouldrather...than...;prefertodo...ratherthan...等句型中省略to

Hedidnothingbutwaitallthetime.种类要点归纳典句例示动词不定式不定式省略使用不定式符号to来代替整个不定式,常在beafraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish等后面

Iaskedhimtoseethefilm,buthedidn’twantto.在某些形容词glad,happy,pleased,delighted等后面使用不定式符号to来代替整个不定式

—Willyoujoininthegame?—I’dbegladto.如果不定式中含有be,have,havebeen,通常保留be,have和havebeen

—Areyouasailor?—No,butIusedtobe.种类要点归纳典句例示谓语动词的强调do/does/did+动词原形Docomeherethisevening.“never+助动词do”也常用来表示强调。一般意为“从来没有,绝不”

Ineverdidlikeher,youknow.考点4强调句型与3大从句的辨析★★★★★

类型区别典句例示与主语从句的区别强调句型去掉Itis/was...that...之后,句子结构仍然完整,而主语从句却不能

①Itistherethataccidentsoftenhappen.(强调句)②ItisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(主语从句)与定语从句的区别强调句中that没有意义,且不作任何成分,而定语从句中that为关系代词,在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语

①ItisnovelsthatMissWilliamenjoysreading.(强调句)②Itisaquestionthatneedscarefulconsideration.(定语从句)与状语从句的区别强调句型去掉Itis/was...that后,结构完整,而Itis...when...中,it指代时间

①Itwasatsixo’clockthatIgotuptoday.(强调句)②Itwassixo’clockwhenIgotuptoday.(状语从句)考点5其他重要的特殊句式★★★★★

类型要点归纳典句例示反意疑问句陈述部分含有must当must作“必须”讲时,其反意疑问词用needn’t;当含有mustn’t(不允许、禁止)时,其反意疑问词用must/may

①Youmustgonow,needn’tyou?②Youmustn’tsmokehere,must/mayyou?当must表示推测时,其反意疑问词同去掉must还原之后的句子所使用的反意疑问词

①Youmusthaveheardaboutit,haven’tyou?②Youmusthavewatchedthatfootballmatchlastnight,didn’tyou?类型要点归纳典句例示反意疑问句陈述部分含有usedto其反意疑问词用usedn’t或didn’tYouusedtosleepwiththewindowsopen,usedn’t/didn’tyou?陈述部分含有oughtto其反意疑问词用oughtn’t或shouldn’tHeoughttoattendthelecture,oughtn’t/shouldn’the?陈述部分含有否定词或半否定词反意疑问部分的动词用肯定形式Hecouldhardlywalkwithoutastick,couldhe?陈述部分含有由表示否定意义的前缀构成的词其反意疑问部分的动词一般用否定形式Tomdislikesplayingtennis,doesn’the?类型要点归纳典句例示反意疑问句当陈述部分带有宾语从句时疑问部分的主语与助动词常和主句保持一致,但如果主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine等,且主语为第一人称时,疑问部分的主语和时态与宾语从句的主语和时态保持一致

①Hesaidthathewouldcometomybirthdayparty,didn’the?②Idon’tbelievehewillsucceed,willhe?类型要点归纳典句例示祈使句否定式在动词前面加don’tDon’tbesosure.强调式肯定句在其前加do,否定句在其前加never①Docomeontimethisevening.②Nevercomelate!带有主语的祈使句为了加强语气或特别指明向谁提出命令或要求、吩咐几个人分头做几件事时须加主语“you”,有时还可同时加称呼语

Tom,youwatertheflowers!You,girls,cleanthedesks;you,boys,sweepthefloor.类型要点归纳典句例示祈使句祈使句+and/or+陈述句陈述句往往用一般将来时①Workhardandyouwillsucceed.②MoretimeandIwilldoitbetter.名词短语+and/or+陈述句类型要点归纳典句例示感叹句How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!

Howfastheisrunning!How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!

Howdifficultaproblemitis!How+主语+谓语!Howtimeflies!What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!Whatacleverboyheis!What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!Whatsweetwateritis!What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!Whatbeautifulflowerstheseare!What+名词+主语+谓语!Whatnewsitis!Ⅰ.完成句子1.我一打开电视，就看到莫言获得了2012年的诺贝尔文学奖。Hardly______________theTVwhenIwatchedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturewasawardedtoMoYan.2.直到一周后，这个问题才在会议上被提出。Notuntilaweeklater______________________________________atthemeeting.hadIturnedonwastheproblem/issue/questionputforward3.当他听到这个好消息的时候，他变得如此激动以至于说不出话来。Soexcited_________thathecouldn’tspeakwhenheheardthegoodnews.4.只有当他开始学习英语时他才意识到英语的美妙。OnlywhenhegottolearnEnglish____________thebeautyofit.5.她不仅强调阅读的重要性，而且她每天至少抽出20分钟来阅读。Notonly__________________________reading,butalsoshesparesatleast20minuteseverydaytoread.didhegetdidherealizedoessheattachimportanceto6.他讲的故事如此滑稽以至于所有在场的学生都被逗笑了。Suchafunnystory_________thatallthestudentspresentlaughed.7.虽然早有传言，但传说中的财宝是否藏在这座山里还是没有弄明白。Thoughtherehasbeensometalk,never____________________whetherthelegendarytreasureishiddeninthemountain.didhetellhasitbeenmadeclear8.尽管我们过去经常通信，但他现在很少回我的信。Thoughweusedtowritetoeachotherregularlybutrarely________________mylettersnow.9.即使我们在同一座城市生活、学习，我们也很少见面。Seldom_________eachotherthoughwestudiedandlivedinthesamecity.10.他说他很少意识到给人提供帮助的重要性。Hesaidthatrarely______________theimportanceofofferinghelp.doesherespondtodidweseewasheawareof11.当被告知一架飞机在伊春坠毁的消息后，我们所有人都深感震惊和悲伤。When___________________thenewsthataplanecrashedinYichun,allofusfeltdeeplyshockedandsad.12.小偷找钻戒的时候，把废纸撒得满屋都是。Thethievesscatteredthewastepaperallovertheroomwhile______________________thediamondring.(wewere)informedof(theywere)searchingfor13.直到他开始工作时他才知道以前在学校浪费了多少时间。Itwas_______________________________thathecametoknowhowmuchtimehehadwastedintheschoolbefore.14.他是婴儿的时候就父母双亡了，没人知道究竟是谁把他抚养成人的。Hisparentsdiedwhenhewasababy.Nobodyknowswhoitwas__________________.notuntilhebegantowork/workingthatbroughthimup15.你还记得你母亲究竟是何时带你参观长城的吗？Doyoustillremember___________thatyourmothershowedyouaroundtheGreatWall?16.依我看来，是他的措施而不是他的能力应该受责备。Inmyopinion,itishismeasuresratherthanhisability_______________.whenitwasthataretoblame17.实验怎么会失败呢？我们应好好找找原因。____________________thattheexperimentendedinfailure?Weshouldtrytofindoutthecause.18.他是不是沉船一个月之后在一座孤岛上获救的？Wasitonalonelyisland_______________onemonthaftertheboatwentdown?Howdiditcomeaboutthathewassaved19.相信自己，你会在未来有所成就。Believeinyourself_________________________inthefuture.20.我认为，做更多一些的工作，这个地区低收入家庭的住房问题就能得以解决。_____________,Isuppose,andthehousingproblemforlow-incomefamiliesinthisareawillbesettled.andyou’llmakeadifferenceDomoreworkⅡ.语篇填空Inthetoysection,Inoticedasmallboyofaboutfiveyearsold,pressingadollagainsthischest.He