高级程序设计java32讲稿

AppletAppletjview.exeJavaInternetApplet的名字和位置自动把字节码从WWW服务器上到本地并利用浏览器本身拥有的Java解释器直接执行该字节码AppletimportpublicclassMyAppletextends{}Applet是java.awt.Panel的子类，有如用响应它所包容范围之内的，或把向更次传AppletAppletinit(),start(),stop(),destroy()Applet从初始 启动化Applet转 重新激活程序 说importjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;publicclassLifeCycleextends{private private privateint privateint privateint public{t=t=t=t=t}publicvoid //初始化，Applet的字节码从WWW{t}publicvoid {}publicvoid {}publicvoid {}publicvoidpaint(Graphics //Applet{ ()", g.drawString("Destroy()",175,g.drawString("Paint()",235, t*30, // t*30, t*30,40, t*30,40, t*30,40, }}HTML嵌入Applet的标记：＜APPLET> 至少需要三个参数：codeheightcodebase=//字节码所在位altThisis Align=CENTER //Applet界面在浏览器窗口中的对齐方式传递参数由＜PARAM（p132）,AppletgetParameter()HTML<APPLETcode=“MyApplet_param.class”height=200,width=<PARAMname=vstringvalue=<PARAMname=xvalue=50<PARAMname=yvalue=程序 说importjava.applet.Applet;importpublicclassMyApplet_paramextends{privateStrings="";privateintx;privateintpublicvoid{s= //HTMLx=Integer.parseInt(getParameter("x"));y=}publicvoidpaint(Graphics{if(s!=}}public {publicstaticvoidmain(String{inta1=Integer.parseInt(args[0]);a2=}} LParameter52Java是运行字节码的Java解释器 用于生成图形用户界面（graphicsuserinterface）java.awt包,awtwindowtoolkit的缩写。抽象窗口便开发人员所设计的界面独立于具体的界面实现。设计图形用户界面的工作主要有两个：java.awt包中的一个类GraphicsimportimportpublicclassDrawFiguresextends{publicvoidpaint(Graphics{}publicvoiddrawMyPolygon(Graphics{}} GraphicsdrawString(字符串，I,j)在指定位置显示字符串Font类获得字体显示效果FontMyFont=newFont(“TimesRoman”,Font.BOLD,12);GraphicsEnvironmentgl=GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment()StringFontNames[]=gl.getAvailableFontFamilyNames()OldFont=Current=newFont(FontNames[0],Font. IN,10);ColorPublicColor(intRed,intGreen,intBlue);PublicColor(floatRed,floatGreen,floatBlue);PublicColor(intRGB);ColorblueColor=newColor(0,0,255)g.setColor(blueColor)对象方式 publicvoidsetBackground(Colorc)publicColorgetBackground()GraphicsdrawImage(URL地址，文件名)方法可显示图像.bmpgifimportjava.applet.Appletimportjava.awt.*publicclassShowAnimatorextends{Image[]InttotalImages=IntcurrentImage=Publicvoid{ 下的images下的img001.gif至m_Images=newImage[totalImages];for(intI=0;I<totalImages;I++)m_Images[I]= Base(),}publicvoid currentImage0;}publicvoidpaint(Graphics }}Java的处触发（ActionEvent，ItemEvent等）者实现接口：publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEventGUI

创建该组件对象的者，即实现以该组件为源的对应的者接(1)Labelprompt=newLabel(“ Prompt.setText(““)不是源按钮Buttonenter=newButton(“ //返回按钮字符串 //设置按钮的字符串 if( mand()==“ll“)if 动作PublicString mand()设置令名按钮的缺省命令名是按钮的publicint返回ActionEventALT_MASK,CTRL_MASK,SHIFT_MAST,文本 文本框与文本域（TextField与TextArea）TextAreatextArea1=newTextArea(10,45);TextFieldname=newTextField(““,8) textValueChanged(TextEvente)actionPerformed(ActionEvente)选择CheckboxbackgnewCheckboxitemStateChange(ItemEvente)importjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTextCheckboxextendsAppletimplements{CheckboxButtonpublicvoid{ckb=newCheckbox("BackgroundColor");btn=newButton("Effect");}publicvoiditemStateChanged(ItemEvent{Checkboxif(e.getItemSelectable()instanceof{temp=(Checkbox)(e.getItemSelectable());if(temp.getLabel()=="Background{}}}}style=newp=newCheckbox(“1”,true,style);b=newCheckbox(“2”,false,style);i=newCheckbox(“3”,false,style);ItemEvent类的ITEMSTATE_CHANGEDimportjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTCheckboxGroupextendsAppletimplements{CheckboxGroupstyle;Checkboxp;Checkboxb,i;Buttonbtn;publicvoid{style=newp=newCheckbox("Normal",true,style);b=newCheckbox("Bold",false,style);i=newCheckbox("Itatic",false,style);Fontbtn=newButton("Effect");oldF=btn.setFont(newFont(oldF.getName(),oldF.getStyle(),18));}publicvoiditemStateChanged(ItemEvent{CheckboxFontoldF=if(e.getItemSelectable()instanceof{temp=(Checkbox)(e.getItemSelectable());if(temp.getLabel()=="Normal")btn.setFont(newFont(oldF.getName(),Font.IN,oldF.getSize()));if(temp.getLabel()=="Bold")btn.setFont(newFont(oldF.getName(),Font.BOLD,oldF.getSize()));if(temp.getLabel()=="Italic")btn.setFont(newFont(oldF.getName(),Font.ITALIC,}}}Choicesize=newChoice();select(intindex);select(Stringitem);add(Stringitem);insert(Stringitem,intindex);remove(intindex);remove(Stringitem);ItemEventimportjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTChoiceextendsAppletimplements{ChoiceButtonpublicvoid{Fontsize=newChoice();btn=newButton("Effect");oldF=btn.setFont(newFont(oldF.getName(),oldF.getStyle(),}publicvoiditemStateChanged(ItemEvent{Choicetemp;FontoldF;Strings;intsi;if(e.getItemSelectable()instanceof{oldF=temp=(Choice)(e.getItemSelectable());s=temp.getSelectedItem();si=btn.setFont(newFont(oldF.getName(),oldF.getStyle(),}}}列表单击：ItemEvent类的选择双击：ActionEvent类的动作importjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTListextendsAppletimplements{ListMyList;Labelpublicvoid{result=newLabel("DoubleClicked MyList=newList(4,true);}publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvent{if(e.getSource()==result.setText("Youdoubleclicked }publicvoiditemStateChanged(ItemEvent{ListStringStringmgr=newString("");if(e.getItemSelectable()instanceof{temp=(List)(e.getItemSelectable());sList=temp.getSelectedItems();for(inti=0;i<sList.length;i++)mgr=mgr+sList[i]+"";}}}调整AdjustmentEvent类包含一个：ADJUSTMENT_VALUE_CHANGEDgetAdjustable()返回 AdjustmentEvent.BLOCK_DECREMENT:点击滚动条下方AdjustmentEvent.BLOCK_INCREMENT:点击滚动条上方 () publicvoidadjustmentValueChanged(AdjustmentEvente)→ importjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTSliderextendsAppletimplements{ScrollbarmySlider;publicvoid{setLayout(newBorderLayout());mySlider=add("South",mySlider);}{intif(e.getAdjustable()=={value=sliderValue.setBackground(newColor(value));}}}1．鼠标（MouseEvent）MouseEvent包含 移动intgetX()intgetY()Pointint importjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;importpublicclassResponseToMouseextendsAppletimplementsMouseListener,MouseMotionListener{publicvoid{}publicvoidmouseClicked(MouseEvent{if(e.getClickCount()==showStatus("SingleClickedat"+e.getX()+","+e.getY());elseif(e.getClickCount()==2)showStatus("DoubleClickedat"+e.getX()+","+}publicvoidmouseEntered(MouseEvent{}publicvoidmouseExited(MouseEvent{}publicvoidmousePressed(MouseEvent{}publicvoidmouseReleased(MouseEvent{}publicvoidmouseMoved(MouseEvent{showStatus("YouMovedMouse,Thenewlocationis"+e.getX()+","+}publicvoidmouseDragged(MouseEvent{}}2．键盘（KeyEvent）KeyEvent包含char返回的按键的Unicode字符，如无则返回KeyEvent.CHAR_UNDEFINEDStringgetKeyText()KeyEvent对应的者接口是KeyListener,该接口定义了以下方法分别与中的三个具体类型相对应：VoidkeyPressed（KeyEvente）VoidkeyRelease(KeyEvente)VoidkeyTyped(KeyEvente)PublicvoidkeyPress(KeyEvent{charch=e.getKeyChar();}CanvasmyCanvas=newpublicvoidpaint(Graphics与Applet相似，可以键盘和鼠importjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTCanvasextends{CanvasDrawpublicvoid{cd=newCanvasDraw(newDimension(200,180),this);}}classCanvasDrawextendsCanvasimplements{Appletm_Parent;booleanm_bFlag=false;intcurrentX=0,currentY=0,startX=0,startY=0;StringBuffersb=newStringBuffer();CanvasDraw(Dimensiond,Applet{m_Parent=p;addMouseListener(newMouseAdpt(this));}voidsetStart(intx,int{startX=x;startY=}voidsetCurrent(intx,int{currentX=x;currentY=}voidsetMouseDragged(boolean{m_bFlag=}voidshowMeg(String{}void{startX=startY=currentX=currentY=0;}publicvoidkeyTyped(KeyEvent{charch=e.getKeyChar();showMeg("Typed"+sb.toString());}publicvoidkeyPressed(KeyEvente){}publicvoidkeyReleased(KeyEvente){}publicvoidpaint(Graphics{g.drawString("("+currentX+","+currentY+")"+sb,10,20);}}classMouseAdptextends{CanvasDraw{m_Parent=}publicvoidmousePressed(MouseEvent{m_Parent.setStart(e.getX(),e.getY());m_Parent.showMeg("DrawLineStarted");}publicvoidmouseReleased(MouseEvent{m_Parent.showMeg("Oneline}publicvoidmouseEntered(MouseEvent{m_Parent.showMeg("MouseEnter}publicvoidmouseExited(MouseEvent{m_Parent.showMeg("Mouseexit}}classMouseMotionAdptextends{CanvasDraw{m_Parent=}publicvoidmouseMoved(MouseEvent{m_Parent.setCurrent(e.getX(),e.getY());}publicvoidmouseDragged(MouseEvent{m_Parent.setCurrent(e.getX(),e.getY());}}SetLayout(newFlowLayout(intalign,inthgap,intFlowLayout(intalign)BorderLayout(inthgap,int0。importjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTBorderLayoutextends{Buttonnorth,south,west,east,publicvoid{setLayout(newBorderLayout());north=newButton("North");south=newButton("South");west=newButton("West");east=newButton("East");center=newButton("Center");add("Center",center);add("North",north);add("South",}}CardLayout的一般步骤如下：CardLayoutMycard=newsetLayout()来设置布局编辑器：add（）加入容器：add(“FirstPage”,组件)add(“SecondPage”,组件)importjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTCardLayoutextends{CardLayoutMyCard=newCardLayout();Buttonbtn1=newButton("FirstPage");Buttonbtn2=newButton("SecondPage");Buttonbtn3=newButton("ThirdPage");Buttonbtn4=newButton("Page");Buttonbtn5=newButton("FifthPage");publicvoid{add("FirstPage",btn1);add("SecondPage",btn2);add("ThirdPage",btn3); Page",btn4);add("FifthPage",btn5);btn1.addMouseListener(newMouseMoveCard(MyCard,this));btn2.addMouseListener(newMouseMoveCard(MyCard,this));btn3.addMouseListener(newMouseMoveCard(MyCard,this));btn4.addMouseListener(newMouseMoveCard(MyCard,this));btn5.addMouseListener(new}}classMouseMoveCardextends{CardLayoutcl;Appletm_Parent;{cl=c;m_Parent=a;}publicvoidmouseClicked(MouseEvent{if(e.getModifiers()==InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK)}}

GridLayout的一般步骤如下：GridLayoutMycard=newsetLayout()来设置布局编辑器：importjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTGridLayoutextends{publicvoid{setLayout(newfor(inti=0;i<5;i++)for(intj=0;j<6;j++){add(new}}}

add(newPanelContainer类 ponet(int ponet(intx,int remove(intindex) Container可ContainerEvent类代表的容器publicvoidcomponetAdded(ContainerEvente)publicvoidcomponetRemoved(ContainerEvente)容器PublicContainer //返回容器的容器对PublicComponent 无边框容器：Container→PanelAppletPanel不能被移动，放大，缩小或关闭Panel不能作最外层图形界面的容器Panel的大小importjava.applet.*;importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTPanelextendsAppletimplementsActionListener,{Panelp1,p2,Labelprompt1,prompt2,prompt3;Buttonbtn;publicvoid{p1=newPanel();p2=newPanel();p3=newPanel();prompt1=newLabel("IntheFirstPanel");prompt2=newLabel("IntheSecondPanel");prompt3=newLabel("IntheThirdPanel");btn=newButton("in}publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvent{if(e.getSource()==btn)}publicvoidcomponentRemoved(ContainerEvent{showStatus("TheThirdPanel}publicvoidcomponentAdded(ContainerEvente)}AppletPanelJavaApplet程序最外层的容器，它可以依赖浏览器的窗口来完Frame与窗口有边框容器：Window→Frame,Dialog,FileDialogFrame作为最顶层容器存在，不能被其他容器所包含Frame(Stringtitle)Frame对WINDOWS_CLOSING做出响应，实现WindowListener接口窗口WindowEvent类包含如下几个具体窗口： 返回当前WindowEvent的具体窗口，Window对 importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclass{publicstaticvoidmain(String{new}}classMyFrameextendsFrameimplements{Button{super("Mybtn=newButton("Closed");setLayout(newFlowLayout());}publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvent{ mand()=={}}}classcloseWinextends{publicvoidwindowClosing(WindowEvent{Framefrm=(Frame)(e.getSource());}}Frame窗口实现 Container接菜单组件→菜单 Bar→菜单 →菜项菜单条→菜项m_Bar=newFile=new("File"); 创建 pi_New=newItem("New"); ：mi_File_Open=new Item("Open",new →mi_Edit_Cut=newCheckboxItem("Cut");popM=newPopup();pi_New=newItem("New");ta.addMouseListener(newHandleMouse(this));MouseListener的mouseReleased(MouseEvente)show()importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclass{publicstaticvoidmain(String{MyFramemf=newMyFrame();mf.setSize(newDimension(300,200));}}classMy FrameextendsFrame{Barm_ Edit,Itemmi_File_Open,mi_File_Close,mi_File_Exit,mi_Edit_Copy;Itempi_New,pi_Del,pi_Pro,mi_Paste_All,mi_Paste_Part; Itemmi_Edit_Cut; {super("MyWindowhaving ta=newTextArea("\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\tNoChoice",5,20);ta.addMouseListener(newHandleMouse(this));popM=newPopup();pi_New=newItem("New");pi_Del=newItem("Delete");pi_Pro=newItem("Properties");m_Bar=new File=new("File");mi_File_Open=newItem("Open",newShortcut('o'));mi_File_Close=newItem("Close");mi_File_Exit=newItem("Exit");mi_File_Exit.setShortcut(newShortcut('x')); Edit=new mi_Edit_Copy=new mi_Edit_Cut=newCheckboxm_Edit_Paste=new mi_Paste_All=newItem("PasteAll");mi_Paste_Part=new Item("PastePart");}publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvent{ mand()=={}}

publicvoiditemStateChanged(ItemEvent{if(e.getSource()=={ta.setText("\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t"+"haveChosen"+}}}

classHandleMouseextends{ Frame Frame{m_Parent=}publicvoidmouseReleased(MouseEvent{m_Parent.popM.show((Component)e.getSource(),e.getX(),e.getY());}}13.20框，组件与焦点组件 焦点（FocusEvent） Frame，并被它负责弹出Dialog(Frameparent,Stringtitile,booleanisModal)SetModel(booleanisModal) importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclass{publicstaticvoidmain(String{MyDialogFramedf=new}}classMyDialogFrameextends {DialogMegDlg,Buttonbtn1,btn2,btnY,btnN,TextFieldtf=newTextField("NoMessage",45);TextFieldgetMeg=newTextField("InputMessage",100);{super("MyWindowusingDialog");btn1=newButton("Hidden");btn2=newButton("Require");btnY=newButton("Yes");btnN=newButton("No");btnR=newButton("Return");setLayout(newFlowLayout());setSize(350,150);}publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvent{ mand()=={MegDlg=newDialog(this,"Hiddenrealy?",true);Panelp1=newPanel();p1.add(newLabel("Wanttohidethisbutton,continue?"));Panelp2=newPanel();}else mand()=={InOutDlg=newDialog(this,"Input");}else {}elseif( mand()=="No")else mand()=={}}publicvoidcomponentShown(ComponentEvente){}publicvoidcomponentResized(ComponentEvente){}publicvoidcomponentMoved(ComponentEvente){}publicvoidcomponentHidden(ComponentEvent{ ponent()).getLabel()+"\"is}publicvoidfocusGained(FocusEvent{ ponent()).getTitle()+"\"isfocused}publicvoidfocusLost(FocusEvente)}classWinAdptextends{publicvoidwindowClosing(WindowEvent{}}13.21SwingGUI（JFC，GUIjava.awtGUI组件增加了许多功能。javax.swing.JApplet是java.applet.AppletSwingGUI组件都包含在JApplet与AppletAppletFlowLayoutJApplet的缺省BorderLayout.JAppletSwingadd(),JApplet.getContentPane()获得一个ContainerContainer.add()将JComponent及其子类加入到JAppletimportjava.awt.*;importjavax.swing.*;publicclassMyFirstJAppletextendsJApplet{publicvoidpaint(Graphicsg){g.drawString("Iama}}importimportjavax.swing.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTestIconButtonextendsJAppletimplements{JButtonpublicvoid{Containerc=getContentPane();Iconicon=newImageIcon("bIcon.gif");jbtn=newJButton("JButton",icon);c.add(jbtn,BorderLayout.NORTH);}publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvent{}}JButtonSwingimportjava.awt.*;importjavax.swing.*;importjava.awt.event.*;publicclassTestIconButtonextendsJAppletimplements{JButtonpublicvoid{Containerc=getContentPane();Iconicon=newImageIcon("bIcon.gif");IconpressedIcon=newImageIcon(“pressed.gif”);IconrolloverIcon=newImageIcon(“rollover.gif”);jbtn=newJButton("JButton",icon); );//c.add(jbtn,BorderLayout.NORTH);}publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvent{}}importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;importjavax.swing.*;publicclassTTipButtonextendsJAppletimplements{JButtonjbtn;publicvoidinit(){Containerc=Iconicon=newImageIcon("bIcon.gif");jbtn=newJButton(icon); }publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvent{showStatus("JButton}}importimportjavax.swing.event.*;importjavax.swing.*;publicclassTJSliderextendsJAppletimplements{JSliderjslh,JLabeldoublehValue=0.0,vValue=//Initializetheappletpublicvoidinit(){Containerc=jslhnew jslv=newJSlider(JSlider.VERTICAL,200,1000,800); //从200至1000，初始在800 //横向每30显示 //200显示jl=newJLabel("0.0,800.0");}publicvoidstateChanged(ChangeEvent{if(e.getSource()==elseif(e.getSource()==jslv)}}JPpasswordField是TextFieldimportjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;importjavax.swing.*;publicclassTJPasswordFieldextendsJAppletimplements{JLabeljl1,jl2;JPasswordFieldjp1,jp2;JButtoncommit,cancel;publicvoid{Containerc=jl1=newJLabel("Pleaseinputyourpassword:");jl2=newJLabel("Inputagain:");jp1=newJPasswordField(10);jp2=newcommit= newJButton("Commit");cancel= newJButton("Cancel");c.setLayout(newGridLayout(3,2));}publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvent{if(e.getSource()==commit)showStatus("Twoinputsarenotsame");if(e.getSource()==cancel){}}}importjava.awt.*;importjava.awt.event.*;importjavax.swing.*;importpublicclass{publicstaticvoidmain(String{new}}{JButton[]intcurrentIndex={super("CardLayout");jtp=newJTabbedPane();jbtn=newJButton[5];for(inti=0;i<5;i++){jbtn[i]=newJButton("The"+jtp.addTab("The"+i,jbtn[i]);}}publicvoidstateChanged(ChangeEvent{{inti=((JTabbedPane)e.getSource()).getSelectedIndex();currentIndex=}}publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvent{}}classWindAdptextends{{}}14JavaJavaPCB是进程存在的标志新建一个Threa