宾语从句精讲专练

宾语从句定义：由一个句子来充当动词的宾语，这样的复合句叫宾语从句。例如：HecanspeakEnglish（这是简单句，不是宾语从句）(动词)（名词宾语）Hesays(that)hecanspeakEnglish（宾语从句）(动词)（句子宾语）Hesays(that)hecanspeakEnglish(主句)（从句）宾语从句连接词：宾语从句通常由连接词来连接。eq\o\ac(○,1).由that连接（that在句中不作成分，无意义，可省略）注：所跟从句为陈述句时，用that连接例如：Hesays.Heisastudent.(合并为一句)Hesays(_______)heisastudent.eq\o\ac(○,2).由If或whether连接（If/whether当“是否”讲.在句中不作成分，但有意义，不可省略）注：所跟从句为一般疑问句时，用If/whether连接例如：Heasks.Isheastudent?(合并为一句)Heasks________heisastudent.eq\o\ac(○,3).由特殊疑问词who.Whose.Whom.Which.When.Where.How.Howmany.Howlong.Howsoon.Howoften等连接。（这些词在句中作成分，有意义，不可省略）注：所跟从句为特殊疑问句时，用特殊疑问词连接。例如：Hewantstoknow.Whenwillhecomeback?(合并为一句)Hewantstoknow__________shewillcomeback.宾语从句语序：从句用陈述语序例如：1.Heasksifheisastudent.(陈述语序)2.Heasksifisheastudent.（ⅹ）(疑问语序)宾语从句时态：eq\o\ac(○,1).当主句谓语动词为现在时态（并非只指一般现在时，也可以是一般将来时，现在进行时等现在时态）时，从句谓语动词用它所需要的任何一种时态。例如：he___________(study)Englisheverydayhe___________(study)Englishnowhe___________(study)EnglishtomorrowHesays(that)he___________(study)Englishforfiveyearshe___________(study)Englishfrom8to9yesterdayeveninghe___________(study)Englishfivedaysagoeq\o\ac(○,2).当主句谓语动词为过去时态（并非只指一般过去时，只要是过去的时态形式即可）时，从句谓语动词必须用它所相对应的过去时形式。例如：he___________(study)Englisheverydayhe___________(study)Englishnowhe___________(study)EnglishtomorrowHesaid(that)he___________(study)Englishforfiveyearshe___________(study)Englishfrom8to9yesterdayeveninghe___________(study)Englishfivedaysagoeq\o\ac(○,3).当从句描述的是事实、真理或格言、谚语时，从句谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的限制，都用一般现在时。例如：Hesays(said)thattheearth__________(go)aroundthesun.Hesays(said)thatit_______(be)bettertogivethantorevieve.注意以下这种结构：CouldyoutellmewhenIcanleave?“could”这里表委婉语气，不是指过去时,所以从句用“can”而不能用“could”。宾语从句与简单句的转化：在特殊疑问词及whether引导的宾语从句中，当主句的主语和从句的主语、主句的宾语和从句的主语指同一个人时，从句可以转化成“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”或“whether+动词不定式”的形式，从而使宾语从句成为一个简单句。例如：IwanttoknowwhenIwillgotoBeijing(同义句)IwanttoknowwhentogotoBeijingSheaskedmewhetherIcouldfinishmyhomework（同义句）Sheaskedmewhethertofinishmyhomework（注：宾语从句，主要从三个方面考查1.连接词的选择2.从句的语序3.时态做宾语从句的练习时，只要把这三个方面结合起来考虑，一般不会出错。）巩固练习一、连接词的考查1.--Willyoupleaseshowmehowtodotherole-playexercise?--Sure.Nowletmetellyou_______first.A.whichtodoB.howtodoC.whentodoD.whattodo2.—Haveyoudecided_________todonext? —Notyet.A.whatB.howC.whereD.when3.IneedyourhelpbecauseIdon'tknow_________.A.howtodoitB.howtodoC.whattodoitD.whatshouldIdo4.Willthe29thOlympicGamesbeheldinBeijing?Couldyoutellme?（合并成含有宾语从句的复合句）Couldyoutellme________the29thOlympicGames________beheldinBeijing?5.Whileflying,abatmakesasoundwhichhitsthingsandcomesbacktoitsears.Inthiswayit’sabletoknow______thethingsareandavoidbumpingintothem.A.how B.where C.whatD.which6.Iwonder______youwouldliketocometomybirthdayparty.A.that

B.whether

C.thatif

D.thatwhether

7._____prettyyourdressis!Wheredidyougetit?A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata8.---Millie,couldyougivemesomeadvice?Idon’tknow_________.---Whydon’tyouwearthisredshirt?A.whentowearB.whattowearC.howtowearD.wheretowear9.—Howareyoufeelinghere?—It'squitehot.Idon'tknow______togoorstay.A.howB.whenC.whetherD.where10.--Doyouremember______hecamehere?--OfcourseIdo.Hisfatherdrovehimhere.A.whetherB.whenC.howD.why二、语序、时态的考查1.Doyouknow________overthere?A.whathappensB.whatwashappenedC.whatishappeningD.whatdidhappen2.Ididn’tunderstand________________,soIraisedmyhandtoask.A.whatmyteachersaysB.whatdoesmyteachersayC.whatmyteachersaidD.whatdidmyteachersay3.--Canyousee____?---No.Let’sgoandhavealook.Maybewecanhelpthem.A.whatwasgoingonthere B.whataretheydoingthereC.whatweretheydoingthere D.whatisgoingonthere4.--Couldyoutellme____forthemeetingyesterday?--Becausethetrafficwasbad.

A.whydidyoucomelateB.whyyoucamelateC.whydoyoucomelateD.whyyoucomelate

5.Tomsaidhe______backinaweek.

A.willcome

B.wouldcome

C.come

6.—Excuseme.WheredoesMr.Wanglive?—I'msorry.Idon'tknow______

A.wherehelives

B.wherehelive

C.wheredoeshelive

7.—Couldyoutellme______,please?—Yes.WalkalongZhongshanRoadforabout300metres.It’sonyourleft.A.howcanIgettoHualianSupermarket B.howIcangettoHualianSupermarketC.howdidIgettoHualianSupermarket D.howIgottoHualianSupermarket8.Pleasetellme______.Ihavesomegoodnewsforhim.A.whereRobertlives B.wheredoesRobertliveC.whereRobertlived D.wheredidRobertlive9.--Excuseme,couldyoutellme__________?---Sorry,sir.Iwasn’tthereatthattime.A.howdidtheaccidenthappenB.howtheaccidenthappenedC.howdoestheaccidenthappenD.howtheaccidenthappens10.Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme?A.whereisthebanknearestB.whereisthenearestbankC.wherethenearestbankisD.thenearestbankiswhere11.Idon’tknow________thecharityshowtomorrow.Canyoutellme?A.whenwestartB.whendidwestartC.whenwewillstartD.whenwillwestart12.Noonecanbesure______inamillionyears.manlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike三、连接词、语序、时态结合的考查1.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________? —Yes.ThereisavideoshoponRiverRoad. A.wherecanIbuysomeCDs B.whereIcanbuysomeCDs C.whencanIbuysomeCDs D.whenIcanbuysomeCDs2.MrsBrowncouldn’tfindherpurse.Shedidn’tremember______. A.whoseitwas B.whereitwas C.whatitwas D.whenitwas3.--Couldyoutellme_______tomorrowmorning?--Well,itwillstartat9clock.A.whenthefilmwillstartB.wherewillthefilmstartsC.whenwillthefilmstartD.wherethefilmwillstart4.一Paul，IhearyouhavejustboughtaveryexpensiveMP4．1wanttoknow．—Oh，inJapan．A．howmuchitCOSTSB．whereyouboughtitC．whichcountryisitmadein5.—CanyouguesstheMP4playeryesterday?

—Sorry,I’venoideaaboutit.muchdidhepayforcanhegetmuchhepaidforhehasgot6.—WhattimewillMrBrownbebacktoChina?