新教材高中英语课时分层作业15DevelopingideasPresentingideas外研版必修第三册

/05/5/课时分层作业(十五)Ⅰ.阅读理解AWhydohumanbeingsstillrisktheirlivesundergrounddoingoneofthedirtiestandmostdangerousjobsintheworld?It'sanincreasinglyurgentquestion，giventherecenthigh-profile(引人注目的)miningaccidentsinSagoW.Va.W.Va.，andHuntington，Utah.Asmallgroupofengineersandroboticsexpertsenvision(展望)adayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenrobotsandothertechnologydomostofthedangerousminingwork.OneofthefirstminingrobotswasdevelopedfiveyearsagoatCarnegie—MellonUniversity'sRoboticsInstitute.ItwascalledGroundhoganditlookedlikeagolfcart.Itusedlasersto“see”indarktunnelsandmapabandonedmines—someofthemostdangerousworkinthebusiness.Thelatestprototype(原型)iscalledCaveCrawler.It'sabitsmallerthanGroundhog，andevenmoreadvanced.Itcantakephotosandvideosandhassensorsmounted(装置)thatcandetectthepresenceofdangerousgases.Incredibly，therobothasarealsenseoflogic.Ifitcomesacrossanobstacle(障碍物)，itgetsmomentarilyconfused.Ithastothinkthroughtheprocessandwheretogonext，andsometimesitthrowsafitjustlikearealperson.Thebiggestobstacle，though，iscost.Theoriginalresearchprojectwasfederallyfunded，butthatmoneyhasdriedup，andit'snotclearwherefuturefundingwillcomefrom.Partlyforthatreason，andpartlybecauseofadvancesinsafety，miningisnotnearlyasdangerousasitwasinthepast.Since1990，deathshavedeclinedby67percent，andinjuriesby51percent，accordingtotheNationalMiningAssociation.Someexpertspredictthatrobotsinmineswillservemuchofthesamefunctionthattheydointheautomotiveindustry.Therobotsdothemostrepetitiveanddangerousjobs，butdon'teliminate(消除)theneedforhumanworkers.1．Thephrase“throwsafit”inParagraph3probablymeans“”．A．getsangry B．getsshockedC．becomesexcited D．becomescheerful2．ThelatestrobotismoreadvancedthanGroundhogmainlybecause．A．itcanmapabandonedminesB．it'sabitsmallerthanGroundhogC．itcan“see”inthedarktunnelD．ithasarealsenseoflogic3．Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat．A．robotsinmineshavealongwaytogoB．theminerobotswillhaveaverybrightfutureC．therewillbenoneedforhumanworkersinminesD．robotsinmineswillservemuchintheautomotiveindustry4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．TheDevelopmentofRobotB．CaveCrawler，theLatestRobotC．CouldRobotsReplaceHumansinMines?D．High-profileMiningAccidentsinAmerica【语篇解读】本文介绍了可代替人类从事采矿等危险工作的矿山机器人。1．A[词义猜测题。根据第3段最后一句的语境可知，在障碍不能被解决时，矿山机器人有时也会像人一样大发脾气。]2．D[细节理解题。根据第3段第4句可知，最新型机器人具有真实的逻辑能力。]3．B[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的robotsinmineswillservemuchofthesamefunctionthattheydointheautomotiveindustry可推知，矿山机器人前景广阔。]4．C[主旨大意题。通读全文尤其最后一段可知，矿山机器人可做采矿等危险工作，但是不能完全离开人工。]BTherewasonceacaptainwholovedmoneysomuchthathecheatedhissailorsattheendofeveryvoyageandtooktheirwages.Onthelastdayofonevoyage，theshipwasinasmallport.Itwaswintertime，andtheseawasverycold，sothecaptainsaidtohissailors，“Ifoneofyoustaysinthewaterduringthewholenight，Iwillgivehimmyship.Butifhecomesoutbeforethesunappears，Ishallgethiswages.”Thesailorshadheardaboutthecaptain'scheating，sotheydidn'ttrusthim.Butthenoneofthem，whothoughtthathewasmorecleverthanthecaptain，saidthathewoulddoit.Hegotintothewater，and，thoughitwasverycold，hestayedinit.Whenitwasnearlymorning，somefishermenlitafireontheshoreabouthalfamileaway.“Youarecheating，”thecaptainsaidtothesailor.“Thefire'swarmingyou.”“Butit'shalfamileaway！”saidthesailor.“Afire'sfire，”answeredthecaptain.“Ihavewon.”Thesailorcameoutofthewater，andsaid，“Perhapsyouthinkthatyouarecleverbecauseyouhavewonmywages，butyoucan'tcookachicken.”“Ican，”answeredthecaptain.“Ifyoucookthischicken，”saidthesailor，“Ishallworkforyouwithoutwagesforsevenyears，butifyoucan't，youwillgivemeyourship.”Thecaptainagreed，tookthechickenandsaid，“Where'sthefire?”“Thereitis，”answeredthesailor.“Ontheshore.”“Butit'shalfamileaway，”saidthecaptainangrily.“Afire'sfire，yousaid，”answeredthesailor.“Ifitisenoughtowarmmeinthewater，itisenoughtocookyourchicken.”【语篇解读】本文讲了一位聪明的船员智斗贪婪船长的故事。5．Thecaptaingotthesailors'wages．A．tobuyachickenforhimselfB．andsaidhewouldreturnthemoneysoonC．andkeptthemoneyforfutureD．bycheatinghimD[推理判断题。通过整个故事不难看出，船长用欺骗的方式骗取了船员的工资。]6．Thecaptaininsistedthatthefirewaswarmingthesailorbecausehe．A．wantedtokeephispromiseB．didn'tbelievethesailor'ssuccessC．didn'twanttolosetheshipD．wantedtoshowhisclevernessC[推理判断题。船长想骗取船员的工资，更不想把船输给对方，所以他不能认输。]7．Whatisthetitleofthestory?A．AFireIsFireB．HowaSailorGotaShipC．ABraveSailorD．HowaCaptainCheatedHisSailorA[主旨大意题。打赌的双方都想用这句话击败对方，简单明了又扣题，故选A。]Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Jennywastheonlychildinherfamily.Shehadaquarrelwithhermotherthatafternoonandsheranoutofthehouseangrily.Shecouldn'thelpweepingsorrowfullywhenshethoughtofthescoldingfromhermother.Havingwanderedaimlesslyinthestreetforhours，shefeltalittlehungryandwishedforsomethingtoeat，butitwasnotevenpossibleforher，sinceshehadnothingwithher.Shestoodbesideastandforawhile，watchingthemiddle-agedsellerbusydoinghisbusiness.However，withnomoneyinhand，shesighedandhadtoleave.Thesellerbehindthestandnoticedtheyounggirlandasked，“Hey，girl，youwanttohavethenoodles?”“Oh，yes...butIdon'thavemoneyonme...”shereplied.“That'snothing.I'lltreatyoutoday，”saidtheman.“Comein.”Thesellerbroughtherabowlofnoodles，whosesmellwassoattractive.Asshewaseating，Jennycriedsilently.“Whatisit?”askedthemankindly.“Nothing，actuallyIwasjusttouchedbyyourkindness！”saidJennyasshewipedhertears.“Evenastrangeronthestreetwillgivemeabowlofnoodles，whilemymother，drovemeoutofthehouse.Sheshowednocareforme.Sheissomercilesscomparedtoastranger！”Hearingthewords，thesellersmiledandsaid，“Girl，doyoureallythinkso?Ionlygaveyouabowlofnoodlesandyouthankedmealot.Butitisyourmotherwhohasraisedyousinceyouwereababy.Canyounumberthetimesshecookedforyou?Haveyouexpressedyourgratitudetoher?”Jennysatthere，speechlessandnumbwithshock；sherememberedmother'sfamiliarfaceandweatheredhands.“Whydidn'tIthinkofthat?Abowlofnoodlesfromastrangermademefeelindebted，butIhaveneverthankedmymumforwhatshehasdoneforme.”Onthewayhome，Jennymadeuphermindtomakeanapologytohermotherforherrudenessassoonasshearrivedhome.Paragraph1：Approachingthedoorway，Jennytookadeepbreath.Paragraph2：Agentletouchonherhaircalledhermindback.[参考范文]Paragraph1：Approachingthedoorway，Jennytookadeepbreath.Whensheknockedatthedoor，shefoundthedoorwaslockedandhermotherwasnotin.Tiredandsad，shesatdown