2022-2023学年安徽省皖北五校高三上学期第一次联考英语试题

蒙城一中涡阳一中淮南一中怀远一中颍上一中2023届高三第一次五校联考英语试题考生注意：1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatkindofcakedidthewomanmake?A.Thelemoncake.B.Thechocolatecake.C.Thestrawberrycake.2.Whenwillthemanhavesomefreetime?A.ThisFriday.B.NextWednesday.C.NextThursday,3.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Dosomechores.B.Gooutwithherfriend.C.Seeamoviewithherbrother.4.Whichcandledoesthemandecidetobuy?A.Theappleandpinecandle.B.Theorangeandwalnutcandle.C.Thechocolateandcoffeecandle.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Preparingsomefood.B.Shoppingforaparty.C.Cleaningupafteradisaster.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22、5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独自后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前;你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题·5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatkindoftransportdoesthemanwanttotry?A.Helicopters.B.Cars:C.Planes.7.Whatdoesthewomantrustmost?A.Statistics.B.Herownfeelings.C.Safetyreports.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whendidthemanlasthavehishaircut?C.AAboutamonthago.B.Abouttwomonthsago.C.Ayearago.9.Howlongwastheman’shairinhisyouth?A.Downtohisback.B.Downtohiscollar.C.Downtohisshoulders.10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Husbandandwife.C.Hairdresserandcustomer.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wherearethespeakers?A.Intheforest.B.Inthedesert.C.Inthemountains.12.Whichsafetyfeaturedoesthecarhave?C.GPS.nals.B.Sunscreen.C.GPS.13.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Listentotheradio.B.Changetheirdirection.C.Helpwiththecowsontheroad.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthecountryside?A.Ithasnarrowroads.B.Itisflat.C.Itisinconvenient.15.Howdidthemanlosehisabilitytowalk?A.Hefelldownthemountainswhenhiking.B.Hehadanaccidentwhentakinganelevator.C.Hehadanaccidentwhenridingamotorbike.16.Howdoesthewomanfeelintheend?A.Sympathetic.B.Disappointed.C.Confused.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whataspectdoesthespeaker.mentionatfirst?A.Thetowns.B.Thetrade.C.Thebuildings.18.HowmanyareasofBritainwerecontrolledbytheRomans?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.19.Whichofthefollowingistheshortest?A.Hadrian’sWall.B.TheGreatWall.C.TheAntonineWall.20.Whatisstillinusetoday?A.BathsmadebytheRomans.B.ToiletsmadebytheRomans.C.RoadsmadebytheRomans.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMontTremblantAttractionsHolidayandskidestination,Tremblantwelcomes-families,couples,friends;andgroupsintheheartoftheLaurentians,inMont-Tremblant,LakeGetanextensivetourinjustanhour.Listen-toguidedcommentary(解说)fromyourcaptainonthelake’shistoryandecologywhiletakingsomeofgoodshotsofthepicturesqueshoreline.Theboatoffersspacetospreadoutortakeshelterfrompoorweather,aswellasacashbar.Childrenmustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.DuneBuggy4x4ToursHeadoutonathrillingadventureonthisguidedtourandequippedwiththree-pointseatbelts,this4-seatmodelisperfectforthewholefamily.Durationis1h30minutesincludinga15min,briefing.Driversmustbe18yearsoldwithavaliddriver’slicense.DogsledAdventureExperiencethecheerfuljoyofbeingpulledbyateamdogsracingacrossthesnowona1hourdog.sledding(雪橇)adventure.Takeintheamazingwintersceneryandsuckhotchocolatewithyourguides.Learntodrivethesledortakeintheexcitementasapassenger.Children15yearsoldandunderneedtobeaccompaniedbyaparticipatingadult.GuidedSnowmobileToursUponarrival,suitup,getfamiliarwithyourvehicle,andsetoffwithyourguide.HitthetrailsandloseyourselfinQuebec’swinterysceneryinthenext2hours.Mustbe18andoverandhaveavaliddriver’slicenseinhand.Ifyouhavequestionsaboutthistourorneedhelpmakingyourbooking,we’dbehappytohelp.Justcallthenumber:+.1.WhatdoweknowaboutLakeA.Childrencanplayshootinggames. B.Itisaguidedtour.C.TouristscanlearnhistoryofCanada. D.It’saskiingtour.2.Whichofthefollowinglaststhelongest?A.LakeCruise. B.DuneBuggy4x4Tours.C.DogsledAdventure. D.GuidedSnowmobileTours.3.Whatisthepassage?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Abookreview.C.Anadventurediary. D.Adictionaryentry.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了加拿大魁北克省蒙特朗布朗国家公园可供游玩的项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章中LakeCruise中第二句“Listentoguidedcommentaryfromyourcaptainonthelake’shistory.(聆听船长对湖泊历史的指导评论)”可知，LakeCruise是一个有导游解说的旅游景点。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章中LakeCruise中“Getanextensivetourinjustanhour.(在短短一个小时内获得广泛的游览。)”可知，需要花费一个小时；DuneBuggy4x4Tours中“Durationis1h30minutes…(持续时间为1小时30分钟……)”可知，需要一个半小时；DogsledAdventure中“ona1-hourdog-sleddingadventure(在1小时的狗拉雪橇冒险中)”可知需要一个小时；GuidedSnowmobileTours中“Hhenext2hours(踏上小径...在接下来的2小时内)”可知需要两个小时，通过对比可知，GuidedSnowmobileTours的时间最长。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章首段“Holidayandskidestination,Tremblantwelcomes-families,couples,friends;andgroupsintheheartoftheLaurentians,inMont-Tremblant,Quebec,Canada.(度假和滑雪目的地，震颤的欢迎——家庭，情侣，朋友；以及加拿大魁北克省蒙特朗布朗的劳伦人中心的团体。)”可知，文章向游客介绍了蒙特朗布朗可供游玩的项目。由此推知，本文是一篇旅游宣传手册。故选A项。BIwasborninKarach?,Pakistan.Aftercompletingmybachelor’sdegreeinMBBS,Igotascholarshipin2016fromChinaScholarshipCounciltodoamaster’sinNeurosurgeryatSoutheastUniversityNanjing,China.Icouldn’twaittostartmypostgraduatestudyinChina.Inmyfirstyear.IlearnedtheChineselanguage,andpassedtheHSKlevel5.IthelpedmealotasavolunteerduringtheCOVID-19pandemic(InFebruary2020,whentheCOVID-19pandemicwasonpeak,theschoolchosemeasavolunteer.whichwasagreathonorforme.ItwaschallengingtodecidewhetherIshouldstayhereorgobackhomebecausemyfamilyforcedmetoreturnhome.Atthattime,IthoughtImuststandoutinthiscriticalmomentsoIwashandedalotofresponsibilitiesrelatedtothestudents’dailyneeds.Everyday,Ihadtotakeanorderfromstudentsfortheirdinnersandbroughtfoodforthem.Besides,Ihadtorecordtheirtemperaturesthreetimesaday,forwhichtheuniversitieshadgivenathermometer(温度计)tothemall.Sometimesif.astudentfeltsick,itwasmyresponsibilitytoaccompanyhimtothehospital.Also,Ihadtogotothesupermarkettobringgroceriesforthem、forwhichIhadtoaskeveryindividualthedailynecessitiestheyneeded.Iprovidedpsychologicalassistance,emotionalcomfort,andcounselingtothem.Asthepandemicwasgettingbetter,Imuststayatthedormitorygatetoensurethatthestudentswerewearingmasks,havingthepermissioncardstogoout,andrequestthemtocomebackontime.Ithassharpenedmyskillsinbecominginbetterfenderanddevelopednsenseofprideincontributingtocommunity.4.Whatprobablyhelpstheauthorbecomeavolunteer?A.ScholarshipfromtheCouncil. B.Hiscompletionofcourses.C.Supportfromhisfamily. D.HismasteryofChinese.5.Whatdidtheauthorsacrificetobeavolunteer?A.Hishealth. B.Histimewithfamily.C.Hisreputation. D.Hischanceofeducation.6.Whichdutyisexcludedasavolunteer?A.Accompanyingstudentstothehospital.B.Bringingnecessitiestostudents.C.Handingoutpermissioncardstostudents.D.Comfortingandinspiringstudents.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveyinthetext?A.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.B.It’seasiersaidthandone.C.Rosesgiven,fragranceinhand.D.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了巴基斯坦的留学生疫情期间在中国做志愿者的故事。【4题详解】1细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Inmyfirstyear.IlearnedtheChineselanguage,andpassedtheHSKlevel5.IthelpedmealotasavolunteerduringtheCOVID-19pandemic(流行病).(在我的第一年。我学会了汉语，并通过了HSK五级考试。在COVID-19大流行病期间，作为志愿者，它对我有很大帮助。)”可知，学习汉语帮助他成为了志愿者。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。极据文章第二段第二句话“ItwaschallengingtodecidewhetherIshouldstayhereorgobackhomebecausemyfamilyforcedmetoreturnhome.(决定我应该留在这里还是回家是很有挑战性的，因为我的家人强迫我回家。)”可知，作为志愿者牺牲了和家人在一起的时间。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中最后一句话“Asthepandemicwasgettingbetter,Imuststayatthedormitorygatetoensurethatthestudentswerewearingmasks,havingthepermissioncardstogoout,andrequestthemtocomebackontime.(随着疫情的好转，我必须留在宿舍门口，确保学生戴着口罩，有出门许可卡，并要求他们准时回来。)”可知，分发出门许可证不是作者作为志愿者的职责。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Ithassharpenedmyskillsinbecominginbetterfenderanddevelopednsenseofprideincontributingtocommunity.(它提高了我成为更好的防御者的技能，并培养了为社区做出贡献的自豪感。)”可知，在中国做志愿者使作者的防御技能得到了提升，也培养了为社区服务的自豪感，这就是“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”的最佳诠释。故选C项。CDoyougotothegymtostrengthenyourbody?Well,youmaybemissingoutontrainingsomevitalmuscles—theonesinvolvedinbreathing.Newresearchshowsthattrainingthesemuscleseachdaycanreducehighbloodpressureandpromotehearthealth.“Themusclesweusetobreatheatrophy,justliketherestofourmuscles,aswegetolder,”explainsDanielCraighead,aphysiologistattheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.Totestwhathappenswhenthesemusclesaregivenagoodworkout,beandhiscolleaguesenlistedhealthyvolunteersaged18to82totryadailyfive-minutetechniqueusingaresistance-breathingtrainingdevicecalledPowerBreathe.Thedeviceforcesthepatienttousetheirbreathingmusclestopushandpullairthroughit,makingthemstronger.“Wefoundthatdoing30breathsperdayforsixweekslowersbloodpressurebyabout.9mmHg(慕米汞柱),”Craigheadsays.Andthosereductionsareaboutwhatcouldbeexpectedwithconventionalexercise,hesays—suchaswalking,runningorcycling.Theimpactofasustained9mmHgreductionissignificant,saysMichaelJoyner,aphysicianattheMayoClinicwhostudieshowthenervoussystemregulatesbloodpressure.“That’sthetypeofreductionyouseewithabloodpressuredrug,”Joynersays.Researchhasshownmanycommonbloodpressuremedicinesleadtoabouta9mmHgreduction.The-reductionsarehigherwhenpeoplecombinemultiplemedicines,buta10mmHgreductionrelatestoa35%dropintheriskofstrokeanda25%dropintheriskofheartdisease.“Ithinkit’spromising,”Joynersaysabouttheprospectsofintegratingstrengthtrainingforthemusclesusedtobreatheintopreventivecare.Itcouldbebeneficialforpeoplewhoareunabletodotraditionalexercise,hesays,andthesimplicityisappealing,too,givenpeoplecaneasilyusethedeviceathome.However,thetechniqueisnotintendedtoreplaceexercise,hecautions,ortoreplacemedication-forpeoplewhosebloodpressureissoelevatedthatthey’reathighriskofhavingaheartattackorstroke.Instead,Craigheadsays,“itwouldbeagoodadditiveinterventionforpeoplewhoaredoingotherhealthylifestyleapproachesalready.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“atrophy”meaninParagraph2?A.Agegradually. B.Runeasily.C.Resistabruptly. D.Boomremarkably.9.Whichisineffectiveton9mmHgreductionon-bloodpressure?A.Multiplemedicines. B.Breathing.training,C.Bloodpressuredevices. D.Conventionalexercise.10.What’sJoyner’sattitudetotheprospectsoftrainingthemusclesusedtobreathe?A.Favorable. B.Objective.C.Indifferent. D.Negative.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRelationshipBetweenTrainingAndHeartHealth.B.ThePotentialIntegrationOfTrainingAndMedicines.C.MedicinesWorkInControllingHighBloodPressure.D.BreathTrainingHelpsLowerHighBloodPressure.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍通过锻炼呼吸相关的肌肉，也可以像其他身体锻炼和控制药物一样帮助抑制血压的提升。【8题详解】词义猜测题。由第二自然段划线单词的后半句“justliketherestofourmuscles,aswegetolder,””（随着年龄的增长，就像我们其它的肌肉一样。）可知，与呼吸相关的肌肉也会像身体其他部分肌肉一样会随着人体年龄的增长而逐渐衰老，故可猜测，atrophy为“萎缩，老化”的意思，结合选项A项Agegradually“逐渐老化”，意思一致。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““Wefoundthatdoing30breathsperdayforsixweekslowersbloodpressurebyabout.9mmHg,”Craigheadsays.Andthosereductionsareaboutwhatcouldbeexpectedwithconventionalexercise,hesays—suchaswalking,runningorcycling.Theimpactofasustained9mmHgreductionissignificant,saysMichaelJoyner,aphysicianattheMayoClinicwhostudieshowthenervoussystemregulatesbloodpressure.“That’sthetypeofreductionyouseewithabloodpressuredrug,”Joynersays.Researchhasshownmanycommonbloodpressuremedicinesleadtoabouta9mmHgreduction.The-reductionsarehigherwhenpeoplecombinemultiplemedicines,buta10mmHgreductionrelatestoa35%dropintheriskofstrokeanda25%dropintheriskofheartdisease.”（“我们发现，连续六周每天呼吸30次可以降低血压。9毫米汞柱，”克雷格黑德说。他说，这些减少量与步行、跑步或骑自行车等传统运动的预期结果差不多。梅奥诊所(MayoClinic)研究神经系统如何调节血压的医生迈克尔·乔伊纳(MichaelJoyner)说，持续减少9毫米汞柱的影响是重大的。乔伊纳说：“这就是降压药所能起到的作用。”研究表明，许多常见的降压药可使血压降低约9毫米汞柱。当人们联合使用多种药物时，降幅会更高，但每减少10毫米汞柱，中风风险就会降低35%，心脏病风险会降低25%。）可知，通过锻炼呼吸相关肌肉、常规的身体锻炼以及综合药物的服用都能有助于血压的有效控制和降低，而血压仪无法起到控制血压升高的作用。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中““Ithinkit’spromising,”Joynersaysabouttheprospectsofintegratingstrengthtrainingforthemusclesusedtobreatheintopreventivecare.Itcouldbebeneficialforpeoplewhoareunabletodotraditionalexercise,hesays,andthesimplicityisappealing,too,givenpeoplecaneasilyusethedeviceathome.However,thetechniqueisnotintendedtoreplaceexercise,hecautions,ortoreplacemedication-forpeoplewhosebloodpressureissoelevatedthatthey’reathighriskofhavingaheartattackorstroke.”（乔伊纳在谈到将用于呼吸的肌肉力量训练纳入预防保健的前景时表示:“我认为这很有前景。”他说，对于那些无法进行传统锻炼的人来说，它可能是有益的，而且它的简单性也很有吸引力，因为人们可以在家里轻松使用这种设备。然而，他警告说，这项技术并不是为了取代锻炼，也不是为了取代药物——对于那些血压过高、心脏病发作或中风风险很高的人来说。）可以看出Joyner肯定对于锻炼身体中与呼吸相关的肌肉有助于血压控制和降低的作用，但不能因此替代常规锻炼和药物控制的作用。所以乔伊纳对训练用于呼吸的肌肉的前景持客观的态度。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。本篇文章大意以及第一段中“Newresearchshowsthattrainingthesemuscleseachdaycanreducehighbloodpressureandpromotehearthealth.”（新的研究表明，每天训练这些肌肉可以降低高血压，促进心脏健康。）可知，通过阐述专家的试验研究，分析得出通过锻炼与身体中呼吸相关的肌肉，也可以像其他身体锻炼和控制药物一样帮助抑制血压的提升。故文章最好的标题是“呼吸训练有助于降低高血压”。故选D项。DInrecentyears,wehavealwaysseendifferentkindsofnewenergyvehiclesontheroadfrequently,butdoyouknowanythingaboutthem?Inthe21stcentury,withtheincreasingshortageofresourcessuchasoilandnaturalgas,theissueofnon-renewableresourceshasbecomeamajorconcern.Thetraditionalindustryusesmostlyoilasafuel,andthecarbondioxideproducedbyburningoilhurtstheair.Thevehicleemissions(排放)contributetoglobalwarmingandotherpoisonousgasescauseseriousairpollution.Inresponsetotheproblemofvehiclepollution,countriesandregionsworldwidearesettingincreasinglystrictstandardsforvehicleemissions.Tocopewiththeincreasingseverityofvehicleemissionstandards,themajorcarmanufacturers(制造商)arenowmainlyadoptingmethodstoimprovethetechnologyrelatedtotheenginesofconventionalenergyvehicles.Althoughthishasimprovedthequalityofemissions,itwillbeincreasinglydifficulttoupgradethetechnology.Atthispoint,thedevelopmentofnewenergyvehicleshasbecomeanewoptionformanufacturers,astheproductionanduseofnewenergyvehicleswillfundamentallysolvetheproblemofvehicleemissions.Therefore,thedevelopmentofnewenergyvehiclesareanecessityandageneraltrend.Newenergyvehiclesareproposedasopposedtotraditionalvehicles,whicharemainlyfuelledbypetrol.Anewenergyvehicleisatypeofvehiclethatrunsoncleanenergysources,usingnewenergysourcesasthefuelcommonlyusedtopowerthecarandprovidethedriveenergyforthevehicle.Newenergyvehiclescanbedividedintoseveralcategories,such-aspureelectricvehicles,fuelcellelectricvehicles,hybrid(混合动力)vehicles,andsoon.Inaddition,newenergyvehicleshavetheadvantageoflowenergyconsumptionandlow-carbonenvironmentalprotection.However,althoughnewenergyvehiclesfollowtheconceptofsustainabledevelopment,therearestillmanyproblemsandchallengesinthedevelopmentofnewenergyvehicleresearchandproduction.Forinstance,manyissuesrequirespecialisttechniciansandsolutions,andfurtherbreakthroughsareneededinkeytechnologyareas.Inaddition,theefficiencyofnewenergyuseneedstobefurtherimproved,makingitdifficulttoformanindustrial-scaleoperationinashortperiod.12.Whatdoesusingnon-renewableresourcesinvite?A.Harmtotheplanet. B.Low-carbonlife.C.Lessairpollution. D.Shortageofwater.13.Whichcanbestagreewiththeconceptofsustainabledevelopment?A.Improvingenergyefficiencyoftraditionalresources.B.Replacingtheenginesofconventionalenergyvehicles.C.Innovatingvehiclesrelatedtorenewableresources.D.Manufacturingmorecarsandloweringtheirprices.14.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphtalkaboutconcerningthenewenergyvehicles?A.Thesource,fuelandadvantage.B.Thedefinition,fuelandprotection.C.Thesourcecategoryandconformation,D.Thedefinition,categoryandadvantage.15.Whatisexpectedofnewenergyvehicles?A.Theyshouldbereplaced. B.Furtherexploringinneeded.C.Itisunnecessarytoimprove. D.Theycallfornomoreenergy.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述因传统能源危机及其使用过程中产生的危害促使人类开始对可再生资源和新能源汽车的开发和利用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Inthe21stcentury,withtheincreasingshortageofresourcessuchasoilandnaturalgas,theissueofnon-renewableresourceshasbecomeamajorconcern.Thetraditionalindustryusesmostlyoilasafuel,andthecarbondioxideproducedbyburningoilhurtstheair.”（在21世纪，随着石油、天然气等资源的日益短缺，不可再生资源的问题已成为一个主要问题。传统工业主要使用石油作为燃料，燃烧石油产生的二氧化碳对空气有害）可知，传统的非再生资源会对地球造成伤害。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Atthispoint,thedevelopmentofnewenergyvehicleshasbecomeanewoptionformanufacturers,astheproductionanduseofnewenergyvehicleswillfundamentallysolvetheproblemofvehicleemissions.Therefore,thedevelopmentofnewenergyvehiclesareanecessityandageneraltrend.”（此时，新能源汽车的生产和使用将从根本上解决汽车排放问题，发展新能源汽车成为厂商的新选择。因此，发展新能源汽车是必然和大势所趋）和最后一段的“However,althoughnewenergyvehiclesfollowtheconceptofsustainabledevelopment(虽然新能源汽车遵循可持续发展的理念)”可知，开发可再生资源的车辆最符合可持续发展理念。故选C项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Anewenergyvehicleisatypeofvehiclethatrunsoncleanenergysources,usingnewenergysourcesasthefuelcommonlyusedtopowerthecarandprovidethedriveenergyforthevehicle.Newenergyvehiclescanbedividedintoseveralcategories,such-aspureelectricvehicles,fuelcellelectricvehicles,hybrid(混合动力)vehicles,andsoon.Inaddition,newenergyvehicleshavetheadvantageoflowenergyconsumptionandlow-carbonenvironmentalprotection.”（新能源汽车是一种使用清洁能源的汽车，使用新能源作为汽车常用的燃料，为汽车提供驱动能量。新能源汽车可以分为几类，如纯电动汽车、燃料电池电动汽车、混合动力汽车等。此外，新能源汽车具有低能耗、低碳环保的优势。）可知，本段是从definition,category,advantage（定义、类别及优势）三个方面来阐述的新能源汽车。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However,althoughnewenergyvehiclesfollowtheconceptofsustainabledevelopment,therearestillmanyproblemsandchallengesinthedevelopmentofnewenergyvehicleresearchandproduction.Forinstance,manyissuesrequirespecialisttechniciansandsolutions,andfurtherbreakthroughsareneededinkeytechnologyareas.Inaddition,theefficiencyofnewenergyuseneedstobefurtherimproved,makingitdifficulttoformanindustrial-scaleoperationinashortperiod.”（然而，新能源汽车虽然遵循可持续发展的理念，但在新能源汽车研发和生产的发展中仍存在许多问题和挑战。例如，许多问题需要专门的技术人员和解决方案，关键技术领域需要进一步突破。此外，新能源利用效率有待进一步提高，难以在短时间内形成工业规模经营）推知，新能源汽车目前虽然取得了一定的成就，但仍然需要进一步探索和研究。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下而短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhyYouShouldHaveVisionsandNotGoalsWeareconstantlybeingtoldthatweneedtosetourselvesgoalsifwewanttogofarintheworld.Butlifeisn’tallaboutsettinggoals.___16___Agoalisnormallysomethingquantifiable.Thiswillnormallymeanthatyoueitherpassorfail.___17___Thisissomethingthat’smuchhardertoputintowordsbutit’sactuallywhatultimatelymotivatesyoumore.Asthewordsuggests,avisionwillgenerallytendtobesomethingthatyouvisualize(thoughnotalways).Thisisaboutacertainstateofbeing,afeelingandawayoflifeinsteadofachievingsomethingspecific.___18___Maybeyourvisionisabouthowyourbusinessisgoingtochangetheworld?Perhapsyou’regoingtograduallybuildupanentireempirethatyoucanusetoachieveincrediblethings.___19___Whenyoupictureavisioninyourmind,itwillfeelmuchmorerealthanjustaboringgoal.Byfocusingontheemotionalaspects–theverythingsthataremotivatingyoutowanttoaccomplishthatgoalinthefirstplace-you’llfindthatyoufeelmuchmorecompelledtojumpoutofbedinthemorningandtogettoworkonwhateveritisthatyouwanttoaccomplish.It’struethatvisionsdocertainlyhavemanyadvantagesovergoals.___20___They‘remuchtoodistanttoofferyouanyrealstructure.Thepass-failnatureofgoalsisusefulbecauseitallowsustoreallyseewhetherwe’reprogressingornotandwhetherwe’reheadingintherightdirection.Thiswillhelpusfocusontheexcitingdreamandtheconcretestepsyoutaketogetthere.A.Nevertheless,theyalsohaveweaknesses.B.Therefore,theyshouldalwaysbethefirstchoice.C.Avisionshouldbeeasilyavailabletoalmosteveryone.D.Avisionisfarmoremotivatingandpowerfulthanagoal.E.Visionsontheotherhandareusuallymoreabstractandmoreambitious.F.Maybeyourcurrentbusinessmodelisjustaspringboardtogreaterthings.G.Thepointisthatsometimesyouneedavisionoradream,ratherthanagoal.【答案】16.G17.E18.F19.D20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。说明为什么人有一定的“远见卓识”要比树立“目标”更重要。【16题详解】上文“Butlifeisn’tallaboutsettinggoals.”（但人生并不全是设定目标。）引出话题，并不全是设定目标。下文“Agoalisnormallysomethingquantifiable.Thiswillnormallymeanthatyoueitherpassorfail.”（目标通常是可量化的东西。这通常意味着你要么通过要么不通过。）为解释说明目标。故可推断空格处内容为有比目标更重要的东西。结合选项G项Thepointisthatsometimesyouneedavisionoradream,ratherthanagoal.（关键是有时候你需要的是一个愿景或梦想，而不是一个目标。）符合此推断，为上下文的承上启下。故选G项。【17题详解】由下文“Thisissomethingthat’smuchhardertoputintowordsbutit’sactuallywhatultimatelymotivatesyoumore.”（这是很难用语言表达的东西，但实际上它最终会更激励你。）可知空格上的句子已不再阐述上文的“goals”而是转入到“visions”的说明。结合选项E项Visionsontheotherhandareusuallymoreabstractandmoreambitious.（另一方面，愿景通常更抽象、更雄心勃勃。）可知，下文是对空格处内容的说明和解释，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。【18题详解】根据空格后的“Maybeyourvisionisabouthowyourbusinessisgoingtochangetheworld?Perhapsyou’regoingtograduallybuildupanentireempirethatyoucanusetoachieveincrediblethings.”（也许你的愿景是关于你的企业将如何改变世界？也许你会逐渐建立一个完整的帝国，你可以用它来实现不可思议的事情。）可知，为具体假设的两个例子，故可推断出空格处的句子继续用例子来说明本段中心涵义。结合选项FMaybeyourcurrentbusinessmodelisjustaspringboardtogreaterthings.（也许你现在的商业模式只是通往更大事业的跳板。）符合此推断，为又一个假设的例子。故选F项。【19题详解】由该题位于段落句首，可知为总结该段的内容。该段下文“Whenyoupictureavisioninyourmind,itwillfeelmuchmorerealthanjustaboringgoal.Byfocusingontheemotionalaspects–theverythingsthataremotivatingyoutowanttoaccomplishthatgoalinthefirstplace-you’llfindthatyoufeelmuchmorecompelledtojumpoutofbedinthemorningandtogettoworkonwhateveritisthatyouwanttoaccomplish.”（当你在脑海中描绘一个愿景时，它会比一个无聊的目标感觉真实得多。通过关注情感方面——那些最初激励你想要完成目标的事情——你会发现你会更有动力早上从床上跳起来，去做你想要完成的事情。）可知，讲的是愿景比目标感觉真实得多。结合选项D项Avisionisfarmoremotivatingandpowerfulthanagoal.（愿景远比目标更有动力和力量。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选D项。【20题详解】上文“It’struethatvisionsdocertainlyhavemanyadvantagesovergoals.”（愿景确实比目标有很多优势。）以及下文“They’remuchtoodistanttoofferyouanyrealstructure.”（他们太遥远了，不能给你提供任何真实的结构。）可知，上下文意思形成转折，故可推断空格处内容为语意转折的意思，说明愿景的缺点。结合选项A项Nevertheless,theyalsohaveweaknesses.（然而，他们也有弱点。）符合此推断，起到上下文语意承上启下的作用。故选A项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Angela’samputee(被截肢者)soccerteamhasinspiredanationstillrecoveringfroma27-yearwar.Eachnight;justaftertheredsun___21___intotheAtlantic,aconstantclicking___22___couldbeheardwithinthedosCoqueirosStadium,whichcamefrommetalsticks,anindicationthattraininghad___23___forAngola’sworldchampionmen’samputeesoccerteam.Ofthe15playersontheteam,12areamputeesduetoalandmine.___24___insportswasconsideredawaytogiveamputeesanoutletfromtheir___25___life.In2018,AngolaedgedoutTurkey5-4to___26___theAmputeeFootballWorldCupinMexico,___27___inspiringtheyoungnation,Forthepastfouryears,theyhaveheldthe___28___asthebestteamontheplanet.Now,theyarecompetingatthe2022AmputeeFootballWorldCupinTurkey,which___29___-24teams,includingcountrieswithplayerswoundedinarmed____30____,suchasIraqandSyria.Overtheweekend,Angolawonitsfirstthreematchesandnow____31____tothesecondround.Hilario,teamcaptain,says,“ThoughIhopetoreturnagainwithagold____32____onmychest,itwon’tbeeasyastherearelotsofvery____33____teamscomingtoTurkeywiththegoalto____34____Angola.Havingtheopportunitytocontributetoournationalteamandtogrowthe____35____ofthesport,I’dliketohelptheteamwinmorechampionshipsandhonorthenation.”21.A.burned B.arose C.disappeared D.flew22.A.sound B.speed C.link D.mouse23.A.approached B.started C.suspended D.stopped24.A.Appreciation B.Preservation C.Independence D.Involvement25.A.free B.pleasant C.sad D.boring26.A.afford B.win C.defeat D.miss27.A.toughly B.unluckily C.enormously D.rarely28.A.title B.dream C.vision D.authority29.A.features B.awards C.generates D.sustains30.A.protest B.conflict C.drill D.eruption31.A.peaks B.restores C.wanders. D.advances32.A.medal B.cup C.cap D.star33.A.powerless B.second-rate C.strong D.unknown34A.breakdown B.knockoff C.appealto D.dropout35.A.issue B.facility C.variety D.profile【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.B27.C28.A29.A30.B31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作为上届世界杯冠军的安哥拉截肢者足球队如今再次出征，积极备战在土耳其举行的2022年截肢者足球世界杯比赛。为了家国的荣光，他们突破自我，突破障碍，积极备战，奋力拼搏。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上；就在红日消失在大西洋上空后，多斯科盖罗斯体育场(dosCoqueirosStadium)内不断传来金属棒发出咔哒声，这表明安哥拉世界冠军截肢男子足球队的训练已经开始。A.burned燃烧；B.arose发生，出现；C.disappeared消失；D.flew飞行。根据