中石油职称英语大纲模拟试题5及答案

模拟试题五I.VocabularyDirections:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.1.Heisamanyoucanrelyon.Henevergoesbackonhis_A.wordA.wordA.wordB.words2.Aftersecondthought,sheC.permissionabettersolution.D.sayingA.cameupwithB.addeduptoC.putupwith3.TheclubhasA.wordB.words2.Aftersecondthought,sheC.permissionabettersolution.D.sayingA.cameupwithB.addeduptoC.putupwith3.Theclubhas〜anewruleallowingwomentojoin.A.broughtforthB.associatedwithC.turnedover4.Theperformancewillbegin_ateightthirty.A.cameupwithB.addeduptoC.putupwith3.Theclubhas〜anewruleallowingwomentojoin.A.broughtforthB.associatedwithC.turnedover4.TheperformancewillbeginA.cameupwithB.addeduptoC.putupwith3.Theclubhas〜anewruleallowingwomentojoin.A.broughtforthB.associatedwithC.turnedover4.Theperformancewillbegin_ateightthirty.D.madeupforD.laiddownA.preciselyA.preciselyB.consequentlyC.accordinglyD.exceedinglyA.preciselyB.consequentlyC.accordinglyD.exceedingly5.Ifsverydiscourteousto_duringsomeone'sconversation.A.inspectB.interruptC.interfereD.instructHisjokewenttoofar.Itwasmorethan1could_A.inspectB.interruptC.interfereD.instructHisjokewenttoofar.Itwasmorethan1could_A.getridofB.putupwithC.keepupwithWillallthosetheproposalraisetheirhands?A.inrelationtoB.inexcessofC.incontrasttoHisjokewenttoofar.Itwasmorethan1could_A.getridofB.putupwithC.keepupwithWillallthosetheproposalraisetheirhands?A.inrelationtoB.inexcessofC.incontrasttoD.doawaywithD.infavorofAtthegathering,hetalked_aboutthematter,dampeningeveryonesspirits.A.indetailB.witheaseC.onendD.inaconfusingwayWecannotalwaysthewind,sonewwindmillsshouldbesodesignedthattheycanalsobedrivenbywater.A.hangonB.countonHisjokewenttoofar.Itwasmorethan1could_A.getridofB.putupwithC.keepupwithWillallthosetheproposalraisetheirhands?A.inrelationtoB.inexcessofC.incontrasttoD.doawaywithD.infavorofAtthegathering,hetalked_aboutthematter,dampeningeveryonesspirits.A.indetailB.witheaseC.onendD.inaconfusingwayWecannotalwaysthewind,sonewwindmillsshouldbesodesignedthattheycanalsobedrivenbywater.A.hangonB.countonC.holdonD.comeondon*twanttoyouinifyouarewhatyousay.A.runB.catchC.makeD.takeMr.Brownisaoldmanandallhisneighborsare_tohim.A.respectful...respectableB.respectable...respectiveC.respectable...respectfulD.respective...respectable12.1wishmysonwouldstop_anddosomethingrealistic.A.hangingaboutB.hangingonC.hangingupTherearesomeflowersonthedesk.D.hangingoffA.artificialB.falseC.unrealWeallcan*t—whyshemarriedamanlikethis.A.reasonoutB.figureoutC.makebelieveD.untrueD.takeinJohnwantstodisposehisoldcarandbuyanewone.A.onB.inC.ofD.toHesleptinthe_ofthetreesonsuchahotday.A.shadeB.shelterC.shadowD.shieldTedagreedto_thestrikeifthecompanywouldsatisfythedemandoftheworkers.A.calloutB.calltoC.calloffD.callonWearenottoveto(:〜,〜—)ourownproposals.A.likelyB.possibleC.probableD.potentialHeagreedwiththeplanin,butthoughtthatinpracticeitwouldnotwork.A.attitudeB.approachC.viewpointD.principleTheconversationwassointerestingthatwewere_ofthelatenessofthehour.14.【答案】B句意：我们都不明白她为什么嫁给那样一个男人。figureout表“理解”之意,而reasonout作“分析”，“推断”解；takein作“领悟”解。因此选B。15.【答案】C【参考译文】约翰想把他的旧车处理掉，再买辆新的。【试题分析】此题考固定搭配。【具体解答】disposeof为固定搭配，表示“处理掉"。如It'sdifficluttodisposeofindustrialwaste.很难处理工业垃圾。【答案】A【参考译文】在如此燥热的天气，他在树荫下睡觉。【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题。【具体解答】shade“荫，阴凉处”，正符合题意。如：Storethefoodintheshade.在食物放在阴凉处。B.shelter躲避，躲避风雨的地方或东西，及句意中“hotweather”不相关。如：Wetookshelterfromtheraininacave.我们在山洞里躲雨。C.shadow阴影，暗处，指阳光照不到的地方，或光线照耀所形成的阴影。在树下乘凉，并不是指在树影下乘凉，故A比C适宜。D.shield盾牌，庇护物。【答案】C【译文】Ted同意取消罢工，假如公司能满意工人的要求。【试题分析】词语辨析题，同一动词跟上不同的介副词，词义不同。【具体解答】callout指工会等吩咐工人罢工，唤起，引起；callto无此用法;calloff指放弃，取消；callon指呼吁，号召，恳求。［答案］a高宝译文】我们有可能否认自己的提议。【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题，更主要是考搭配和句型。【词义辨析】likely可能的:Heislikelytogetthejob,他有可能得到这份工作。B、C均表示可能的，但不能以人为主语，而只能用于Itispossible/probabletodo…构造中。D.potential潜在的，常用作定语：potentialmarket潜在的市场。【答案】D【译文】原则上他同意这个支配，可是认为在理论中行不通。【试题分析】句义理解和词语搭配题。【具体解答】inprinciple是固定词组，意为“原则上，总的来说”。［答案］口【参考译文】我们谈得很投机以致于忘了时间（很晚了）。【试题分析】此题为词义辨析题。【词义辨析】negligible无关重要的；inattentive不留意的，无视的，指不能将留意力集中在某一点上；irrelevant不相干的，无关的；oblivious遗忘的，不留意的，由于深思、没有留意到而遗忘的，无视了的。II.GrammaticalStructure21.【答案】c【译文】没有什么可以探讨的了，秘书长站起身来，说了再见，然后分开了房间。【试题分析】语法辨析题。【具体解答】本题的前半句是分词独立构造，Therebeing（Therebe的分词形式）引导的分词短语在句中作缘由状语。【答案】c【参考译文】特别紧迫，他应当马上给她打。【试题分析】此题为语法题。【具体解答】在Itis/wasurgentthat…句型中，that引导的从句谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。类似的形容词还有necessary,advisable,desirable,vital等。［答案］a【参W译文】不管商业的规模性质如何，其主要目的是获利。【试题分析】此题为语法题，考学生对连词的驾驭。【具体解答】Whatever无论什么，相当于nomatterwhat:Whateverdifficultywemightmeetwithwewillcarryoutourplan.不管遇到什么困难，我们也会完成支配。B.Whichever无论哪一个，它及whatever的区分在于whichever指供应选择中的无论哪一个，而whatever在没有供应选择时用，如：Takewhicheverofthethreepaintingsyoulikebest.这三幅画中你最喜爱哪一幅就拿哪一幅。C.Whereas鉴于;而,却；多用于比拟构造中。如：Somepeopleliketea,whereasotherslikecoffee.一些人喜爱喝茶而另一些人则喜爱喝咖啡。【答案】D【参考译文】怎么了？我闻到有东西烧着了的味道。【试题分析】此型考非谓语动词形式。【具体解答】表示感觉的动词如：see,hear,watch,listento,smell,feel均可接复合宾语，可用分词充当宾语补足语。假如宾语及补语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，可用动词原形，或如今分词充当补足语。如今分词表示动作正在进展之中，而动词原形则表示动作已经发生。假如宾语及补语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，则用过去分词充当补足语。如：IoftenhearhersingEnglishsongsinthenextroom.我常常听到她在隔壁房间唱英文歌曲。Thechildrenarelisteningtotheoldmantellingafairytale.孩子们在听老人讲童话故事。Hefoundhimselflockedinabarn.他发觉自己被锁在谷仓里了。因此D为此题正确【答案】25.【答案】b【参考译文】数学和其它科目一样是一门科学。【试题分析】此题为语法题，考主谓一样和时态。【具体解答】此题主语是Mathematics,学科做主语时，是表示单数的意义的词,故只能在A、B两项中选择，而A时态不对，D.belongto属于。【答案】B【参考译文】考虑到他是位老顾客老板给他打了9折。【试题分析】此题为语法题，所缺局部应为状语成分。【具体解答】Given放句首，后跟名词或从句，然后再跟主句是固定句型，given充当介词运用，表示假设、假定、已知等意思，常译为“考虑到……，假如有”o如：Givenhisage,thischildreallydidagoodjob.考虑至他的年纪，小男孩确实干得不错。【答案】b【参考译文】正是在20世纪20年头海明威及菲茨杰拉德之间的友情到达了顶峰。【试题分析】此题为语法题，考察强调句型。【具体解答】依据其构造：Itis(was)+强调局部+that从句，只能选B。28.［答案］a添臂译文】她几乎不需详述她的过去。【试题分析】此题为语法题，考察倒装句及助动词need的用法。【具体解答】此题有两个考点：①表示否认意义的little放在句首时，应运用倒装句式，将相应的助词(或be动词)提到主语前面。②need这个词既可以作实义动词，后接动词不定式，也可作助动词，后接动词原形作谓语，后者尤其用于否认句中，而且need作为助动词跟其他助动词一样，可以提到主语前面，也可干脆加not构成否认句。依据此句倒装要求，A是正确的，B项错，后面应加to,因为假如将did提早则表示need是实义动词，后接动dwell时丁应用needtodo的形式，另外句中“dwellon”意思是“细思，详述”。［答案］c【参考译文】因为天气好，我确定出去郊游。【试题分析】此题为语法题，考察分词的独立构造。【具体解答】分词或分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语一般要及句子的主语一样。假如不一样，在分词短语前要加上自己的逻辑主语，这种构造叫分词独立构造。本句中句子主语是I,所以应加it作分词being的逻辑主语。【答案】D【参考译文】汽车每小时支配行驶70公里才能在今晚10点左右到达河边。【试题分析】此题为语法题，考察时态。【具体解答】将来进展时表示预料即将发生的或支配在将来将要发生的动作，含有已经支配好的意思。而一般将来时则表示将来的动作或状态。【答案】D【译文】虽然屡次警告过那孩子不要玩火，但是他听不进去。【试题分析】本题测试句子构造。【具体解答】此句中“but”是并列连词，连结两个并列句，因此“but”前面应是一个分句，选项A可解除。状语“manyatime"放在句首，句子要倒装。选项D是正确的。【答案】D【译文】我宁愿出去找一份工作，也不要每天在这里闲荡。【试题分析】本题测试短语构造。【具体解答】wouldrather+动词原形,表示“宁愿”。【答案】c【译文】他是否是工作的适宜人选，目前仍是一个很有争议的问题。【试题分析】本题测试名词性从句的用法。【具体解答】A)if引导条件状语从句，不合题意；B)that引导名词从句，但“that”是引导词，不做任何成分，此句意思确定，即“他是工作的适宜人选”及后面的acontroversial"相冲突;C)whether引导名词从句，“是否”，符合题意；D)是B句中“that”的省略，也不对。［答案］口【工£】：汤姆不行能已经收到了我的信，否则他到如今就早该回信了。【具体解答】选项couldn'thavebeen表示推想，符合句意。因此选D。35.［答案］C文】你很快会适应在英国吃一顿丰富的早餐。【试题分析】语法题，要求考生留意动词短语的用法及及形式近似易混的短语的区分。【具体解答】getusedto指适应，后接名词或动名词；usedto指过去常常，后接动词原形；beusedto的逻辑主语若为人，则及getusedto同义，用法一样；其主语若为物，则指某物用来干某事，后接动词原形，因此此处答案应为动名词eating,即【答案】C36.【答案】B【参考译文】昨晚我很早就分开了，但是我很盼望我没有那么早走。【试题分析】此题为语法题，考察虚拟语气。【具体解答】此句为wish的虚拟语气用法，即wish接从句时，从句谓语用过去时表示所愿望的事及如今事实相反；从句谓语用过去完成时表示所愿望的事及过去事实相反。【答案】a考译文】这个农舍会很冷的，确定要把暖气开着。【试题分析】此题为语法题。【具体解答】makesure(that从句)确信,从句中的动词用如今时态表示简洁将来时，因此正确答案为A。【答案】c【参考译文】“你们班多少人出国了？”“除了一人之外全出国了。”【试题分析】此题考察词的搭配。【具体解答】allbutone表示除了一人以外的全部。因此，C为正确答案。【答案】B【参考译文】如今学生宿舍正在安装暖气。【试题分析】此题为语法题。【具体解答】此题考察被动语态的进展式:be+being+PP.（过去分词）。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionB【答案】B【解析】这里attheturnofthecentury表示的是“在本世纪初”这一具体时间，只有at可以用在这里。【答案】C【解析】本句意为没有人知道爵士乐是什么时候独创的，由谁独创的。discover意为“发觉”，act意为“行动，扮演"，invent意为“独创，design意为“设计"o故选invento【答案】C【解析】popularmusic是指“流行音乐"，及classicalmusic（古典音乐）相对。爵士乐（jazz）是流行音乐的一种，故选popular。【答案】A【解析】express意为“表达”，及后面的宾语moods（心情）、interests（爱好）、以及emotions（感情）相搭配。explain意为“说明，说明"，expose意为“揭露,使暴露”，illustrate意为“说明”。【答案】A【解析】本句意为“就象爵士乐今日的样子”，as意为“正如，就象”，后面接一个句子。［答案］b【而析】本句意为“音乐的起源和音乐本身一样好玩。故此处应选择反身代词itselfo［答案］b【而析】本句意为“他们被作为奴隶带到南部各州”。只有as,意为“作为”，介词，符合此意。【答案】D【解析】demonstrate意为“论证，说明，示威"，compose后接介词of,意为“组成"host意为“款待，作乐"，form及procession搭配，意为“形成队列”。故选D。【答案】D【解析】上句说：在去墓地的路上，乐队演奏缓慢的、庄重的音乐以便和哀思的场合相协作。而本句说：在回来的路上，心情改变了。所以这两句之间应当是转折的关系。因此选择but。【答案】C【解析】whistled意为“吹口哨”,sung意为“唱”，presented意为“表演”，showed意为“展示”，只有presented才能和improvising相搭配。A.negligibleB.inattentiveC.irrelevantD.obliviousII.GrammaticalStructureA.negligibleB.inattentiveC.irrelevantD.obliviousDirections:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.nothingmoretodiscuss,thesecretary-generalgottohisfeet,saidgoodbyeandlefttheroom.A.TherewasB.BeingC.TherebeingD.AstherebeingItwasurgentthathe_herimmediately.A.callsB.calledC.callD.wouldcallthesizeandnatureofabusiness,itsmaingoalistoearnaprofit.A.WhateverB.WhicheverC.WhereasD.BecauseWhat'sthematter?IsmellsomethingQA.bumB.bumsC.beingburnedD.burningMathematicsaswellasothersubjects_ascience.A.wasB.isC.areD.belongtohewasaregularcustomer,thebossallowed10%discountoffthepricesofthegoods.A.GivingB.GiventhatC.GivingthatD.TogivethatItwasduringthe1920*s_thefriendshipbetweenHemingwayandFitzgeraldreacheditshighestpoint.A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.afterdwellonherpast.A.LittleneedsheB.LittledidsheneedC.LittlesheneededD.Littleshedidneedafineday,Idecidedtogoforanouting.A.BeingB.HavingbeenC.ItbeingD.HowThecarseventymilesperhouruntilitreachestheriversideataboutteno*clocktonight.A.goesB.willgoC.wentD.willbegoingManyatime_nottoplaywithfirebutheturnsadeafeartothewarnings.A.thechildbeingtoldB.thechildhasbeentoldC.hasbeentoldthechildD.hasthechildbeentold1wouldratherouttolookforajobinsteadofmopingaroundhereeveryday.A.togoB.goingC.wentD.goisstillacontroversialissue.IfheistherightpersonforthejobThatheistherightpersonforthejobWhetherheistherightpersonforthejobHeistherightpersonforthejobTom_myletter;otherwisehewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.A.oughtnothavereceivedB.shouldn'thavereceivedC.hasbeenreceivedD.couldn'thavereceivedYou'llsoongetusedto_alargebreakfastinEngland.A.eatB.itthatyoueatC.eatingD.youeat36.1leftveryearlylastnight,butIwishI_soearly.A.didn'tleaveB.hadn'tleftC.haven'tleftD.couldn'tleaveThecottagewillbecold.Makesure_theheater.D.you'lllightA.youlightB.forlightingC.lighting"Howmanyfromyourclasswentabroad?....butone".D.you'lllightA.AnyB.SomeC.AllD.MostHeatingintothestudents*dormitoriesnow.A.isputtingB.isbeingputC.isbeenputD.hasbeenputting4O.Hehasgothimselfintoadangeroussituation.〜hehasnocontrol.A.becauseB.asC.overthatD.overwhichHI.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Thereare5passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Questions41to44arebasedonthefollowingpassage:AmericanIndiansplayedacentralroleinthewarknownastheAmericanRevolution.Tothem,however,thedisputebetweenthe'colonistsandEnglandwasperipheral.ForAmericanIndianstheconflictwasawarforAmericanIndianindependence,andwhicheversidetheychose,theylostit.MaryBrantwasapowerfulinfluenceamongtheIroquois.ShewasaMohawk,theleaderofthesocietyofallIroquoismatrons,andthewidowofSirWilliamJohnson,SuperintendentofIndianAffairs.Herbrother,JosephBrant,isthebestknownAmericanIndianwarrioroftheRevolution,yetshemayhaveexertedevenmoreinfluenceintheconfederacythanhedid.SheusedherinfluencetokeepthewesterntribesofIroquoisloyaltotheEnglishking,GeorgeHi.Whenthecolonistswonthewar,sheandhertribehadtoabandontheirlandsandretreattoCanada.Ontheotherside,NancyWardheldpositionsofauthorityintheCherokeenation.ShehadfoughtasawarriorinthewaragainsttheCreeksandasarewardforherheroismwasmade"BelovedWoman"ofthetribe.Thisofficemadeherchiefofthewomen'scouncilandamemberofthecouncilofchiefs.ShewasfriendlywiththewhitesettlersandsupportedthePatriotsduringtheRevolution.YettheCherokeestoolosttheirland.Whatisthemainpointtheauthormakesinthepassage?SidingwiththeEnglishintheRevolutionhelpedAmericanIndiansregaintheirland.AtthetimeoftheRevolutiontheSuperintendentofIndianAffairshadlittlepower.RegardlessofwhomtheysupportedintheRevolution,AmericanIndianslosttheirland.TheoutcomeoftheRevolutionwaslargelydeterminedbyAmericanIndianwomen.Theword"it"inline4refersto〜A.sideB.revolutionC.disputeD.independenceHowdidWardgainherpositionofauthority?A.Bybraveryinbattle.B.Bymarriagetoachief.C.Byjoiningtheconfederacy.D.Bybeingbomintoapowerfulfamily.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidMaryBrantandNancyWardhadincommon?Eachwascalled"BelovedWoman"byhertribe.Eachinfluencedhertribe'sroleintheAmericanRevolution.EachlostabrotherintheAmericanRevolution.EachwenttoEnglandaftertheAmericanRevolution.Questions45to48arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Morepeoplethaneveraredrinkingcoffeethesedays—butinsmallerquantitiesthantheyusedto.Somemanufacturersofcoffeemakersaretryingtotakeadvantageofthistrendbydevelopingdiminutivemachinesthatbrewsmalleramountsofcoffee.TwoUSappliancecompanies-Black&Decker,basedinTowson,Maryland,andToastmasterInc.ofColumbia,Missouri-haverecentlyintroduced"drip"coffeemakersthatbrewoneortwocupservingsofcoffee.Bothoftheproductsbrewthecoffeedirectlyintoacupormug,eliminatingtheneedforaseparatecarafe.Sincemanypeoplemakeapotofcoffeeinthemorningbutdrinkonlyasinglecup,thenewcoffeemakersshouldreducethewastedcoffee.Black&Decker'sCup-at-a-Timecosts$27,whileToastmaster^CoffeeBreakRetailsfor$20.Black&Deckeralsomakesacoffeemakerthatdripscoffeedirectlyintoacarry-aroundthermalcarafe.Thecarafe,aglassvacuumbottle,issupposedtokeepthecoffeefreshforhours.Theproduct,calledtheThermalCarafeCoffee-maker,comeswithabuilt-inlidthatopensduringthebrewingprocessandclosewhenitiscompleted.Thereareseveralmodels,includingonethatfirsunderthecounter,rangingfrom$60to$110inprice.ThemainpurposeofthetextistointroduceanewtrendofdrinkingcoffeeintroducenewcoffeemakersintroducetwoU.S.appliancecompaniesintroducethenewcoffeeindustryTheadvantageofHdrip"coffeemakersshowninthetextisthattheyaremuchmoreeconomictheycanproduceonlyonecuptheyaremoreconvenientandeasiertooperatetheyaremoreeconomicalAccordingtothepassage,athermalcarafeisnecessarywhenthecoffeeisA.preservedB.producedC.manufacturedD.brewedWhichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?Peopleusedtodrinkcoffeeinlargerquantities.Itisessentialtoattachaseparatecarafe,while"drip"coffeemakersareapplied.Peopleusedtomakeapotofcoffeeinthemorninganddrinkitup.Thenewcoffeemakersusuallycostlessthanbefore.Questions49to52arebasedonthefollowingpassage:NooneexpressedthisattitudemorestronglythanNoahWebster(1758-1843).BornnearHartford,Connecticut,hereceivedhiseducationatYaleCollegeandlaterbegantopractiselaw.Butbusinessinthisprofessionwasslow,andhewasforcedtoturntoteaching.Asateacher,hesoondiscoveredthattheEnglishschoolbookstheninusewereunsatisfactory,andtheAmericanRevolutionreducedthesupplyofsuchbooksastherewere.WebsterthereforebegantoworkonthreesimplebooksonEnglish,aspellingbook,agrammar,andareader,andthesewerethefirstbooksoftheirkindtobepublishedinthiscountry.Thesuccessofthefirstpartwassurprisinglygreat.ItwassoonissuedagainunderthetitleTHEAMERICANSPELLINGBOOK,andinthisformabout80millioncopiesweresoldduringthenexthundredyears.Fromaprofitoflessthanonecentacopy,Webstergotmostofhisincomefortherestofhislife.Notonlydidthelittlebookhavegreatinfluenceonmanygenerationsofschoolchildren,butitalsohadtheeffectorturningitsauthor'sattentiontoquestionsoflanguage.In1806heproducedasmalldictionary,andthiswasfollowedbyhisgreatestwork,ANAMERICANDICTIONARYOFTHEENGLISHLANGUAGE,publishedintwovolumesin1828.Inbothoftheseworksandinmanysmallerwritingshehadonepurpose:toshowthattheEnglishlanguageinhiscountrywasatrulyAmericanthing,developinginitsownspecialwayanddeservingtobeconsideredfromanindependent,Americanpointofview.Ashehimselfwrote,"Itisnotonlyimportant,butinadegreenecessary,thatthepeopleofthis'countryshouldhaveanAMERICANDICTIONARYoftheEnglishlanguage;for,althoughthebodyofthelanguageisthesameasinEngland...somedifferencesexist....NopersoninthiscountrywillbesatisfiedwiththeEnglishdefinitionsofthewordscongress,senate,assembly,court,andsoforth,foralthoughthesearewordsusedinEngland,yettheyareappliedinthiscountrytoexpressideaswhichtheydonotexpressinthatcountry."BygivingAmericanmeaningsandAmericanpronunciation,byadoptinganumberofAmericanspellings,andespeciallybyintroducingquotationsfromAmericanauthorsbesidethosefromEnglishliterature,hewasable,toagreatextent,tojustifythetitleofhiswork.If,afterahundredyears,somepeoplestilldoubttheexistenceofaseparateAmericanlanguage,hisefforts,nevertheless,haveleftalastingmarkonthelanguageofhiscountry.WebsterfirsttriedtoearnhislivinginthefieldofA.educationB.journalismC.lawD.medicineApparentlyWebsterpublishedhisfirstbookswhilehewasa一A.teacherB.studentC.lawyerD.doctorThisarticlecouldbeentitledNoahWebsterandAmericanEnglishSpellingNoahWebster,theauthorofAnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguageNoahWebsterNoahWebsterandAmericanEnglishGrammarAccordingtothearticle,Webster_hadcreatedAmericanEnglishanditsusageshaddiscoveredAmericanEnglishandimprovedithadtriedhisbestandleftamilestoneonthelanguageofhiscountryhadleftalanguagewhichwasnotusedinEngland.Questions53to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage:AlbertSchweitzerwasbornin1875inAlsace.Atthattime,itwasapartofGermany.HisgenerousspiritwasfirstawakenedthroughhistrainingasaLutheranminister.Besidesgainingareputationasapreacher,healsobecamerespectedforhisabilitytoplaytheorgan.Hewasamanofmanytalents.Hisconcernforotherpeopleturnedhisattentiontomedicine.Hehadalsoacquireddoctoraldegreesinphilosophyandmusic.,Hiswifetookaninterestinmedicinetooandbecameanurse.ManypeoplethoughtthatheshouldremainandlectureinEuropetohaveastrongimpactonWesterncivilization.Thoughhelistenedtotheirsuggestions,heultimatelydecidedtofollowhisownconscience.ThisledhimtoAfrica.Alberthadfeltthatallmenshouldaccepttheresponsibilityofhelpingothers.HefeltparticularlyconcernedforblackAfricanswhohadbeenexploitedbywhitemen.Heearnedthemoneyheneededbyperformingontheorganandbylecturing.WiththismoneyheboughtequipmentandopenedahospitalinAfrica.Hewasamanofgreatstrengthwhofacedgreatproblemswithcourage.Thethreatofwar,therealityofimprisonmentduringWorldWar,oneasaGermancitizen,andtheunbearableheatinAfricadidnotdeterhimatall.Hebelievedthatmancouldovercometheseobstaclesifhehadasenseofidealism.Hediedin1965.Hehadtalentsfortraininghiswifetobeanurse,givingconcertandlecturinggivingmedicalcare,lecturing,playingtheorgantakingcareofsickpeople,fightingasasoldier,lecturinggivingconcert,makingequipment,helpingothersInspiteofpeople'ssuggestions,AlbertdecidedtogotoAfricabecausehewasborntherebecausehewantedtohelpothersparticularlyblackAfricanswhohadbeenexploitedbywhitemenbecausehewantedtogiveaconcerttoAfricanpeoplebecausehewantedto*makemoneythereWhydidtheauthorthinkhewasamanofgreatstrength?Healwaysfacedgreatproblemswithcourage.ThethreatofwarandtherealityofimprisonmentduringWorldWardidn'tdiscouragehim.TheunbearableheatinAfricadidnotdeterhimatall.Alloftheabove.AlbertSchweitzerlivedtobeA.70yearsoldB.80yearsoldC.90yearsoldD.100yearsoldQuestions57to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Theoldestandsimplestmethod,thenofdescribingdifferencesinpersonalitywastoclassifypeopleaccordingtotypes,andsuchasystemiscalledaTypology.AfamousexampleofthismethodwassetforthinGreeceabouttheyear400B.C.AphysiciannamedHippocratestheorizedthattherewerefourfluids,orhumors,inthebody.Correspondingtoeachhumor,hebelieved,thereexistedadefinitetypeofpersonality.Thefourhumorswereblood,yellowbile,blackbile,andphlegm.Apersoninwhomallfourhumorswereinperfectbalancehadaharmoniouspersonality.Ifapersonhadtoomuchblood,hewascalledsanguine（血红色）,orcheerfulandoptimistic.Someonewithtoomuchyellowbilewascholeric,orirritableandeasilyangered.Toomuchblackbilemadeapersonmelancholy,ordepressedandpessimistic.Anoversupplyofphlegmcausedahumanbeingtobephlegmatic,orslowandunfeeling.ScientistshavelongsincediscardedHippocrates'fluidtheory.Butthenamesofthehumors,correspondingtothesetemperaments,havesurvivedandarestilluseful,tosomeextent,indescribingpersonality.Otherfeaturesofpeople,suchastheirfacesandphysics,havealsobeenusedtoclassifypersonality.Today,however,personalitytheoriesandclassificationsmayalsoincludefactorssuchasheredity（遗传特征），theenvironment,intelligence,andemotionalneeds.Psychology,biology,andsociologyareinvolvedinthesetheories.Becauseofthecomplexityofhumanpersonality,presentdaytheoriesareoftenverydifferentfromoneanother.Psychologistsvaryintheirideasaboutwhatismostimportantindeterminingpersonality.AccordingtoHippocrates*fluidtheory,amanwithtoomuchphlegmwillbe一A.optimisticB.easilyangeredC.unexcitableD.pessimistic58.Themainideaofthispassageisabout—thecomplicatedfactorsindeterminingone'spersonalityHippocrates1fluidtheoryanditsdevelopmentthepastandtodayofpersonalityclassificationsandtheoriesdifferentpersonalitiesandtheirdetailsAtpresent,psychologists—havecommonopinionaboutpersonalitytheoriesandclassificationsusebiology,archaeologyandsociologytostudypersonalitytheorieshaveabandonedHippocrates'fluidtheoryentirelyallagreethathumanbeingsarecharacterizedwithcomplexpersonalitiesAccordingtothispassagethefactorswhicharestillNOTusedtoclassifypersonalityareone'sbornfeaturesandneedsofloveandsuccessone'sheightandweightone'shobbiesandidealstheenvironmentandintelligenceSectionBDirections:Thereare10blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Musiccomesinmanyforms;mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.61theturnofthecenturywhenjazzwasbom,Americahadnoprominentstylefitsown.Nooneknowsexactlywhenjazzwas62,orbywhom.Butitbegantobeheardintheearly1900s.JazzisAmericanscontributionto63music.Incontrasttoclassicalmusic,whichfollowsformalEuropeantraditions,jazzisspontaneousandfreeform.Itbubbleswithenergy,64themoods,interests,andemotionsofthepeople.Inthe1920sjazzsoundedlikeAmerica,and65itdoestoday.Theoriginsofthismusicareasinterestingasthemusic66.AmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,werethejazzpioneers.TheywerebroughttoSouthernStates67slaves.Theyweresoldtoplantationownersandforcedtoworklonghours.WhenaNegrodiedhisfriendandrelatives68aprocessiontocarrythebodytothecemetery.InNewOrleans,abandoftenaccompaniedtheprocession.Onthewaytothecemeterythebandplayedslow,solemnmusicsuitedtotheoccasion.69onthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Deathhadremovedoneoftheirrelations,butthelivingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayedhappymusic,improvising(〜11〜,,)onboththeharmonyandthemelodyofthetunes70atthefuneral.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttoonce.Itwasanearlyformofjazz.61.A.ByB.AtC.InD.On62.A.discoveredB.actedC.inventedD.designed63.A.classicalB.sacredC.popularD.light64.A.expressingB.explainingC.exposingD.illustrating65.A.asB.soC.eitherD.neither66.A.concernedB.itselfC.availableD.oneself67.A.forB.asC.withD.by68.A.demonstratedB.composedC.hostedD.formed69.A.EvenB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.But70.A.whistledB.sungc.presentedD.showedIV.TranslationDirections:Thereis1passageinthispartofthetest.YouaretotranslatethepassagesintoChineseonyourAnswerSheet.71.Oneoftherulesforbeingrichistoavoidfrivoloustemptations.Surelytherearemanyotherrulesforthepurpose.Oneofthemistostayinschoolor,ifoutofschool,goback